哈尔滨市重点中学校2022-2023学年高一9月入学摸底考试
英语试卷 原卷版
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
This page summarizes the service offered by some of the best online tutoring websites on the Internet. We provide a brief summary of each of the websites, the service they offer, the cost of their service and our opinions of the pros and cons of each website.
In our opinion, Tutor offers the best buy in the field of online tutoring service. For $100 per month your child can have unlimited tutoring. There are significant discounts for multi-month contracts ($ 50/month for 12 months or more).
Tutor is founded by Krishnan Ganesh in 2005 with headquarters in Bangalore, India. Its mission is to provide world-class tutoring and high-quality content to students around the world—anytime, anywhere and in any subject.
Tutor only hires experienced tutors. Most have a master or Ph. D. degree as well as 5 to 10 years’ teaching experience and they must pass strict certification exams.
You can schedule sessions with your preferred tutor in advance. Using a technology called VoIP, a student and a tutor talk naturally with headphones and microphones. The student and the tutor also share a “Whiteboard” that they both can write on. No special software is required but a headset with microphone is recommended. The company takes advantage of the highly educated, low-wage-base Indian population to offer the most cost-effective online tutoring service on the Internet.
Pros:◆Highly qualified tutors.
◆Unlimited online tutoring.
◆Low cost.
Cons:◆Maybe some language problems.
◆Voice interaction requires purchase of headset with microphone ($25~50 from Amazon).
1. How much do you have to pay if you make a contract for 1.5 years on Tutor
A. $1,800. B. $1,200. C. $900. D. $2,000.
2. How can a student get help from his tutor when he has problems
A. He can communicate with the tutor through chatting online
B. He can call the tutor directly anytime.
C. He can write an email to his tutor and wait for the reply online.
D. He must wait some days to meet the tutor personally.
3. According to the passage, what may be discussed next
A. Other tutoring websites.
B. The best service provided by .
C. The qualified teachers from Tutor .
D. The great benefit of learning on Tutor .
B
About 20 years ago, Daniel Hoffman, a classically trained violinist met a young musician playing in the town square in Marrakech, an ancient city in Morocco. They communicated in the little French they both knew, but their main common language was music. On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist, Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music, the classical music of North Africa.
That experience gave birth to an idea: What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week Oh, yes, and at the end of that week, play a concert. He even got a name for the concept “musical extreme sports”.
It took him almost two decades to launch that dream with a friend, who introduced him to the wonders of Kickstarter, a funding platform for creative projects. Up to now, the dream has taken the form of a new documentary currently airing on American public television stations called “Otherwise. It’s Just Firewood.”
In the documentary, Hoffman travels to County Clare, Ireland, where he takes lessons with James Kelly, a master Irish violin player, for less than a week and then performs together with him in front of an audience; many of whom are star Irish musicians.
The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles, including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia.
That would add to his extensive repertoire (全部曲目), which already includes Balkan, Middle Eastern, and Turkish styles. “The big joke is what’s the difference between the fiddle and the violin It’s the person who plays it,” says Niall Keegan, a traditional flute player. “It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.”
“Otherwise, it’s Just Firewood.” he says, words that became the film’s title.
4. Where does Hoffman’s idea of musical extreme sports come from
A. His sightseeing tour on a motorbike seat.
B. His exploration of the local music.
C. His constantly changing taste in violin styles.
D. His cooperation with the young violinist.
5. What did Hoffman think of his own idea
A. Influential. B. Time-consuming. C. Challenging. D. Controversial.
6. According to the passage, the series of documentaries ________.
A. record Hoffman’s experience in learning various violin styles
B. help Hoffman to become a master violin player
C. are funded by American public television stations
D. introduce different styles of musicians around the world
7. The title of the documentary “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood.” is used to emphasize ________.
A. the power of diversified artistic expression B. the pleasure in learning traditional music
C. the technique of instrument playing D. the importance of famous artists
C
We’ve all felt the tap to the soul you get from driving by your old high school or hearing a tune you once danced to. But why is that feeling so universal
Nostalgia, a combination of the Greek words nostos (homecoming) and algos (pain), was a special type of homesickness associated with soldiers fighting far-off wars. Seventeenth century physicians worried such thoughts put health at risk. In the 19th century, doctors believed it could cause irregular heartbeat, fever, and death.
Our understanding of nostalgia has developed since then. “It’s a very mixed emotion,” says Frederick Barrett, a neuroscientist. That makes it hard to fit into existing theory, which typically categorizes emotions as either positive or negative. And triggers—the cars, music or smells—are extremely personal. Therefore, designing a standardized study is difficult.
But we do know nostalgia has a marked effect on us: brain imaging studies show that those experiences have their own neural signature. Neuroscientists argued that the emotion is co-produced by the brain’s recall and reward systems. They found that nostalgic images use the memory-managing hippocampus (海马区) more than other sights, as people mine autobiographical (个人经历的) details deep in the past. This mental effort pays off: as the hippocampus activates, so does one of the brain’s reward centers.
That longing for the past might be a protective mechanism, says Tim Wildschut, a professor. His work also suggests a more primitive purpose for the feeling: it developed to remind our ancient ancestors of pleasant physical feelings during periods of discomfort and pain.
Recent research suggests the occasional look backwards can give us a boost in unnoticeable ways: by increasing self-respect and protecting against depression. Nostalgia’s apparent power to jump-start one’s memory also seems to improve recall ability in people with Alzheimer’s disease.
New flavors of “reminiscence therapy” (回忆疗法) are emerging around the world. In 2018, the George G. Glenner Alzheimer’s Family Centers opened its first Town Square, an adult daycare facility designed to look like a small town in 1950s America. Though Town Square has yet to publish peer-reviewed data on the success of the program, clients say it has helped seniors access dusty memories and reconnect with loved ones.
Scientists need a lot more information to adequately characterize this complex and bittersweet feeling. But while centuries of doctors considered nostalgia a deadly disease, we now know: it can help us make it through today.
8. What can we learn about nostalgia
A. It was a well-defined scientific idea. B. It’s more common among soldiers.
C. It was first discovered in Greece. D. It’s set off by personal experiences.
9. What does the underlined word “triggers” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Categories. B. Effects. C. Causes. D. Characteristics.
10. In what way might nostalgia benefit people
A. It protects people from Alzheimer’s disease. B. It helps ease people’s discomfort.
C. It gives seniors a sense of security. D. It improves people’s learning ability.
11. Where is the text probably from
A. Textbook. B. Scientific magazine. C. Autobiography. D. Laboratory report.
D
A study led by The University of Edinburgh researchers found that the performance of runners who listened to self-selected music as they ran after completing a demanding thinking task was at the same level as when they were not mentally tired. The findings of the study were published in the Journal of Human Sport and Exercise.
Researchers used two tests to study how listening to music affected the running performance of fitness enthusiasts. One test looked at the effects on the interval running ability—alternating between high intensity (强度) running and lower intensity jogging—with a group of nine exercisers, and the other on a 5 km time trial with a group of nine trained runners. The groups completed a 30-minute computer-based cognitive (认知的) test which put them in a mentally worn state before completing high intensity exercise. They were tested with and without motivational music which they selected.
Taking into account the results of a baseline test taken by participants that they did without completing a mentally demanding test beforehand and without music, the researchers found the interval running ability of the mentally worn fitness enthusiasts was slightly greater with music compared to that without music, and was the same as when the participants were not mentally tired. The 5 km time trial performance also showed small improvements with self-selected music compared to no music.
Dr. Shaun Phillips, of The University of Edinburgh’s Moray House School of Education and Sport, said, “Feeling tired mentally is a common occurrence for many of us, and can negatively affect many of our daily activities, including exercise. Finding safe and effective ways to reduce this negative impact is therefore useful. The research showing that listening to self-selected motivational music can help active people improve their endurance (耐力) running ability and performance when mentally worn out may provide a useful strategy.”
12. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the study
A. Its purpose. B. Its principle. C. Its process. D. Its participants.
13. Why did the researchers consider the baseline test
A. To prove that their finding is useful.
B. To offer evidence to support their study.
C. To make a comparison with their test results.
D. To find links between music and mental health.
14. What is Dr. Shaun Phillips’ attitude towards the research
A. Approving. B. Tolerant. C. Critical. D. Carefree.
15. Which of the following can serve as the best title
A. Being Mentally Tired Is a Common Feeling
B. Listening to Music Benefits Mental Health
C. Exercise Regularly Improves Mental Condition
D. Running to Music Reduces Mental Tiredness
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
More than ever before, students all over the world are turning to online learning to further their education. ____16____ In order to help you as an online learner develop better study skills, keep reading to see some of the best study tips.
Practice Good Time Management. Time management is possibly one of the most important and valuable skills for online learners. ____17____ If you are busy with online studies as well as other commitments, avoid a study period right before an exam. It’s recommended that you plan ahead and be responsible for your own time.
Remove Distractions. This might be a hard step to conquer. From social media to kids playing in the next room, you’re bound to face countless amounts of distractions. The best advice is to try your best to lessen all the distractions and stay focused! Of course, distractions are unique to each individual and may also depend on circumstances. ____18____
Build Your Network. Many online courses are developed around the concept of cooperation with professors and educators who encourage students to work together to achieve their end goals. This is why it is important to build as many relationships as possible not only with your peers but with professors too. ____19____ Don’t be afraid to create a virtual study group either.
Create A Dedicated Study Space. ____20____ You needn’t recreate a proper university lecture room. Instead set up a study space to which you dedicate your studies to. Whether it’s in your own home or at the local library, it doesn’t really matter. What is important is that you create a space that is not only quiet but will be effective as well.
A. This tip is actually a whole lot simpler than people think.
B. You need regular access to a computer to take online classes.
C. Engage in as many discussions and group sessions as possible.
D. Eventually, you will need to find what exactly works best for you.
E. The better you manage your time, the easier it will be to achieve your goals.
F. Make sure that your space is well lit with the right supplies necessary for your study.
G. Despite its huge benefits like added flexibility, this way of learning can be challenging for people.
第三部分：完形填空(共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
I had lived in the United States for 30 years or so. I couldn’t fully ____21____ how the concept of “the pursuit of happiness” ____22____ into a super busy life. It was not until I started to grow plants on the balcony of my house on a quiet street in Boston that I had a(n) ____23____ Gardening does not come, ____24____ to me. I was not ____25____ to it as a child. I grew up in a city. My fellow people didn’t seem to ____26____ the absence of green. They lived in apartments and grew flowers in concrete courtyards, or on balconies to satisfy their gardening needs. No one grew herbs or vegetables. Why ____27____ Fresh produce was a plentiful ____28____ in daily markets nearby. Garlic and ginger were given away as a sign of thanks with the ____29____ of meat.
The first spring after I moved into my Boston apartment, I grew my own food. I developed a deeper appreciation for the tending of plants. There were _____30_____ along the way: pests, sometimes too much heat, other times not adequate sun. For several seasons. I had tomato troubles. I’d find half-eaten fruit _____31_____ I made a habit, night after night, of moving plants indoors, so I would be the one to, _____32_____, not some creature with four paws.
In the _____33_____ of seeding, growing, tending, harvesting and cooking, I came to understand a(n) _____34_____ version of happiness. It can be a matter of the heart’s _____35_____ small steps of satisfaction, resulting from “neither wealth nor greatness” in Thomas Jefferson’s words. “but calmness and occupation.”
21. A. grasp B. analyze C. translate D. assess
22 A. enter B. fit C. place D. set
23. A. result B. intention C. understanding D. faith
24. A. abruptly B. naturally C. deliberately D. occasionally
25. A. accustomed B. strange C. exposed D. familiar
26. A. mind B. like C. approve D. limit
27. A. insist B. bother C. resist D. demand
28. A. bargain B. need C. delivery D. consumption
29. A. sales B. purchase C. transportation D. supply
30. A. joys B. challenges C. labors D. complaints
31. A. pulled up B. piled up C. fallen behind D. left behind
32. A. lose B. sacrifice C. compensate D. harvest
33. A. cycle B. direction C. alternative D. recycling
34. A. flexible B. objective C. different D. ambiguous
35. A. achieving B. choosing C. offering D. defending
第四部分：单项选择(共20个小题，每小题1分，满分20分)
从下列各题中所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
36. ________ set of specially designed workout exercise that combines movements of popular functional exercise, traditional tai chi and folk dance is gaining ________ popularity among students in China.
A. A; the. B. The; a C. A; / D. The; the
37. All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer, ________ to know his secret.
A. curious B. envious C. cautious D. generous
38. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ________ they are carefully managed.
A. if B. when C. unless D. because
39. To our great joy, the doctor may ________ my mom to return to work next month.
A. agree B. allow C. admit D. apply
40. Before climbing the mountain, be sure to check the ________ of the rope.
A. depth B. warmth C. strength D. growth
41. The apartment ________ we have lived for a decade will be sold to James for $ 80,000.
A. which B. in that C. that D. where
42. Could you please help me ________ the opening times on the website right now
A. take up B. look up C. turn up D. come up
43. I had warmly invited Jane and Mary to dinner this evening, but unfortunately ________ them came.
A. neither B. both C. either D. none
44. Although the fan is somewhat limited in its applications, it is easy to operate and ________ it is fun.
A. above all B. in the end C. as a result D. before long
45. Every child has been made aware ________ the risks involved in some after-school activities.
A. on B. for C. at D. of
46. With the theme “5G+By All For All”, the 2022 World 5G Convention ________ in Harbin, capital of Heilongjiang Province, on Aug 10, 2022.
A. kicked off B. kicks off C. was kicking off D. has kicked off
47. She is worth praising for her lifelong devotion to the ________ of women’s rights.
A. choice B. control C. check D. cause
48. Our new form teacher in high school reminds us that every minute ________.
A. covers B. counts C. contacts D. cares
49. Police ________ the fight in the small restaurant as particularly violent.
A. debated B. discussed C. described D. doubted
50. When we looked around our new school campus, we got a very good ________ of it.
A. impression B. operation C. investigation D. recognition
51. The difficult exercise was ________ the abilities of most of the class, making us upset.
A. beyond B. besides C. behind D. below
52. If you do that again, you will be severely punished. Do I make myself ________
A. sharp B. positive C. shallow D. plain
53. I feel I’ve failed my family by not ________ more time with them.
A. spend B. spending C. to spend D. spent
54. The companies are working together to create ________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21stcentury.
A which B. that C. what D. who
55. —Why do you look so disappointed
—Disappointed No, ________ I am rather glad.
A. absolutely B. certainly C. finally D. actually
第五部分：语法填空(共10个小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent days, I have watched a TV series named The Awakening Age. It narrates the story of how the Communist Party of China ____56____ (found) in 1921 by the generation of Chen Duxiu. The story is so inspirational and ____57____ (touch) that I can’t help ____58____ (feel) fired up about it.
This TV drama reminded me of all of the things I had seen and experienced regarding the Communist Party. To some extent, I really feel a deep ____59____ (connect) with the Party. There is no doubt in my mind ____60____ the Party has helped to support both an improvement in the quality of my life and my educational development. I believe it will continue to provide me ____61____ the support in the process of my growing up in the future.
Having visited some of the most sacred places ____62____ (involve) in China’s revolutionary history, l began to grow much ____63____ (close) to my country’s political identity. My memories from these unforgettable experiences have become an important part of the person I am today.
Now I can proudly say that I ____64____ (come) to understand the whole history so far and am familiar with almost all of the stories of our Communist Party. To tell the truth, I really admire all of the Party members, each of ____65____ has made contributions over the years in order to realize the great rejuvenation of our motherland.哈尔滨市重点中学校2022-2023学年高一9月入学摸底考试
英语试卷 解析版
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
This page summarizes the service offered by some of the best online tutoring websites on the Internet. We provide a brief summary of each of the websites, the service they offer, the cost of their service and our opinions of the pros and cons of each website.
In our opinion, Tutor offers the best buy in the field of online tutoring service. For $100 per month your child can have unlimited tutoring. There are significant discounts for multi-month contracts ($ 50/month for 12 months or more).
Tutor is founded by Krishnan Ganesh in 2005 with headquarters in Bangalore, India. Its mission is to provide world-class tutoring and high-quality content to students around the world—anytime, anywhere and in any subject.
Tutor only hires experienced tutors. Most have a master or Ph. D. degree as well as 5 to 10 years’ teaching experience and they must pass strict certification exams.
You can schedule sessions with your preferred tutor in advance. Using a technology called VoIP, a student and a tutor talk naturally with headphones and microphones. The student and the tutor also share a “Whiteboard” that they both can write on. No special software is required but a headset with microphone is recommended. The company takes advantage of the highly educated, low-wage-base Indian population to offer the most cost-effective online tutoring service on the Internet.
Pros:◆Highly qualified tutors.
◆Unlimited online tutoring.
◆Low cost.
Cons:◆Maybe some language problems.
◆Voice interaction requires purchase of headset with microphone ($25~50 from Amazon).
1. How much do you have to pay if you make a contract for 1.5 years on Tutor
A. $1,800. B. $1,200. C. $900. D. $2,000.
2. How can a student get help from his tutor when he has problems
A. He can communicate with the tutor through chatting online
B. He can call the tutor directly anytime.
C. He can write an email to his tutor and wait for the reply online.
D. He must wait some days to meet the tutor personally.
3. According to the passage, what may be discussed next
A. Other tutoring websites.
B. The best service provided by .
C. The qualified teachers from Tutor .
D. The great benefit of learning on Tutor .
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文。文章介绍了在线辅导网站Tutor 的收费、提供的服务、优点和缺点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“ There are significant discounts for multi-month contracts ($ 50/month for 12 months or more).(为期多个月的合同有很大的折扣，12个月或以上的合同每月50美元。)”可知一年半即18个月费用是是$50*18=$900。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Using a technology called VoIP, a student and a tutor talk naturally with headphones and microphones.(使用一种叫做VoIP的技术，学生和导师可以通过耳机和麦克风自然交谈。)”以及第五段最后一句“The company takes advantage of the highly educated, low-wage-base Indian population to offer the most cost-effective online tutoring service on the Internet.(该公司利用受教育程度高、工资基础低的印度人口，在互联网上提供最划算的在线辅导服务。)”可知学生可以和老师通过网络聊天来交流。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This page summarizes the service offered by some of the best online tutoring websites on the Internet. We provide a brief summary of each of the websites, the service they offer, the cost of their service and our opinions of the pros and cons of each website.(这个页面总结了互联网上一些最好的在线辅导网站提供的服务。我们提供每个网站的简短摘要，他们提供的服务，他们的服务成本和我们对每个网站的优点和缺点的意见。)”可知这个页面总结了互联网上一些最好的在线辅导网站提供的服务，从第二段开始到本篇文末介绍的是在线辅导网站Tutor ，所以可以推测，下面再介绍的会是其他优秀的在线辅导网站。故选A。
B
About 20 years ago, Daniel Hoffman, a classically trained violinist met a young musician playing in the town square in Marrakech, an ancient city in Morocco. They communicated in the little French they both knew, but their main common language was music. On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist, Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music, the classical music of North Africa.
That experience gave birth to an idea: What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week Oh, yes, and at the end of that week, play a concert. He even got a name for the concept “musical extreme sports”.
It took him almost two decades to launch that dream with a friend, who introduced him to the wonders of Kickstarter, a funding platform for creative projects. Up to now, the dream has taken the form of a new documentary currently airing on American public television stations called “Otherwise. It’s Just Firewood.”
In the documentary, Hoffman travels to County Clare, Ireland, where he takes lessons with James Kelly, a master Irish violin player, for less than a week and then performs together with him in front of an audience; many of whom are star Irish musicians.
The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles, including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia.
That would add to his extensive repertoire (全部曲目), which already includes Balkan, Middle Eastern, and Turkish styles. “The big joke is what’s the difference between the fiddle and the violin It’s the person who plays it,” says Niall Keegan, a traditional flute player. “It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.”
“Otherwise, it’s Just Firewood.” he says, words that became the film’s title.
4. Where does Hoffman’s idea of musical extreme sports come from
A. His sightseeing tour on a motorbike seat.
B. His exploration of the local music.
C. His constantly changing taste in violin styles.
D. His cooperation with the young violinist.
5. What did Hoffman think of his own idea
A. Influential. B. Time-consuming. C. Challenging. D. Controversial.
6. According to the passage, the series of documentaries ________.
A. record Hoffman’s experience in learning various violin styles
B. help Hoffman to become a master violin player
C. are funded by American public television stations
D. introduce different styles of musicians around the world
7. The title of the documentary “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood.” is used to emphasize ________.
A. the power of diversified artistic expression B. the pleasure in learning traditional music
C. the technique of instrument playing D. the importance of famous artists
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小提琴家Daniel Hoffman尝试学习如何演奏世界各地不同风格的小提琴，并将这段经历拍成了纪录片。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist，Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music，the classical music of North Africa.(坐在小提琴手同伴的摩托车后座上，霍夫曼穿梭于城市的后街，然后开始学习安达卢西亚音乐，这是北非的古典音乐)”和第二段“That experience gave birth to an idea：What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week？(这段经历让我产生了一个想法：在短短一周的时间里，尝试学习如何演奏世界各地不同风格的小提琴，会是什么感觉？)”可知，霍夫曼关于音乐极限运动的想法来自于对北非当地音乐的探索。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He even got a name for the concept ‘musical extreme sports’.(他甚至为这个概念取了个名字“音乐极限运动”)”可知，Hoffman把他的想法比作极限运动，由此推知他认为自己的想法富有挑战性。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries，showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles，including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia.(霍夫曼希望这部电影能成为一系列短纪录片的第一部，展示他如何学习以各种风格拉小提琴，包括南印度、瑞典、希腊、罗马尼亚和西弗吉尼亚州的民间音乐)”可知，这个系列纪录片记录了霍夫曼学习各种小提琴风格的经历。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“‘The big joke is what's the difference between the fiddle and the violin？It's the person who plays it，’ says Niall Keegan，a traditional flute player.’ It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.’(‘最大的笑话是fiddle和violin有什么区别？’传统长笛演奏家尼尔 基根说：‘演奏的人是最重要的。是你在上面演奏的音乐让它成为了爱尔兰音乐、英国音乐、法国音乐、古典音乐、爵士乐或其他的音乐。是我们如何想象它，如何通过它来创造，使它变得有特色。’)”可推知，小提琴的价值在于多元的艺术表现，你在上面演奏的音乐赋予它个性，所以纪录片的标题“Otherwise，It’s Just Firewood”强调了多元艺术表达的力量。故选A。
C
We’ve all felt the tap to the soul you get from driving by your old high school or hearing a tune you once danced to. But why is that feeling so universal
Nostalgia, a combination of the Greek words nostos (homecoming) and algos (pain), was a special type of homesickness associated with soldiers fighting far-off wars. Seventeenth century physicians worried such thoughts put health at risk. In the 19th century, doctors believed it could cause irregular heartbeat, fever, and death.
Our understanding of nostalgia has developed since then. “It’s a very mixed emotion,” says Frederick Barrett, a neuroscientist. That makes it hard to fit into existing theory, which typically categorizes emotions as either positive or negative. And triggers—the cars, music or smells—are extremely personal. Therefore, designing a standardized study is difficult.
But we do know nostalgia has a marked effect on us: brain imaging studies show that those experiences have their own neural signature. Neuroscientists argued that the emotion is co-produced by the brain’s recall and reward systems. They found that nostalgic images use the memory-managing hippocampus (海马区) more than other sights, as people mine autobiographical (个人经历的) details deep in the past. This mental effort pays off: as the hippocampus activates, so does one of the brain’s reward centers.
That longing for the past might be a protective mechanism, says Tim Wildschut, a professor. His work also suggests a more primitive purpose for the feeling: it developed to remind our ancient ancestors of pleasant physical feelings during periods of discomfort and pain.
Recent research suggests the occasional look backwards can give us a boost in unnoticeable ways: by increasing self-respect and protecting against depression. Nostalgia’s apparent power to jump-start one’s memory also seems to improve recall ability in people with Alzheimer’s disease.
New flavors of “reminiscence therapy” (回忆疗法) are emerging around the world. In 2018, the George G. Glenner Alzheimer’s Family Centers opened its first Town Square, an adult daycare facility designed to look like a small town in 1950s America. Though Town Square has yet to publish peer-reviewed data on the success of the program, clients say it has helped seniors access dusty memories and reconnect with loved ones.
Scientists need a lot more information to adequately characterize this complex and bittersweet feeling. But while centuries of doctors considered nostalgia a deadly disease, we now know: it can help us make it through today.
8. What can we learn about nostalgia
A. It was a well-defined scientific idea. B. It’s more common among soldiers.
C. It was first discovered in Greece. D. It’s set off by personal experiences.
9. What does the underlined word “triggers” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Categories. B. Effects. C. Causes. D. Characteristics.
10. In what way might nostalgia benefit people
A. It protects people from Alzheimer’s disease. B. It helps ease people’s discomfort.
C. It gives seniors a sense of security. D. It improves people’s learning ability.
11 Where is the text probably from
A. Textbook. B. Scientific magazine. C. Autobiography. D. Laboratory report.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怀旧，这种由个人经历引发的情绪，它可以帮助我们面对不愉快的情况。但科学家需要更多的信息来充分描述这种复杂又苦乐参半的感觉。几个世纪以来，医生们都认为怀旧是一种致命的疾病，但我们现在知道：它可以帮助我们度过当下。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“And triggers-the cars，music or smells-areextremely personal.(而诱因——汽车、音乐或气味——则是极其私人的)”可知，引发怀旧的诱因因人而异，所以怀旧是由个人的经历引发的。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。文章第三段““It’s a very mixed emotion,” says Frederick Barrett, a neuroscientist. That makes it hard to fit into existing theory, which typically categorizes emotions as either positive or negative.(“这是一种非常复杂的情绪，”神经科学家弗雷德里克·巴雷特说。这使得很难符合现有的理论，该理论通常将情绪分为积极或消极。)”可知，怀旧是一种很复杂的情绪，不符合现有的理论，下文“And triggers—the cars, music or smells—are extremely personal.(triggers——汽车、音乐或气味——则是极其私人的)”承接上文，对上文作出解释，即怀旧不符合现有的理论，这是因为，汽车、音乐或气味等这些引起怀旧的诱因都是非常私人的。由此可知划线单词的意思是“诱因，原因”，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“That longing for the past might be a protective mechanism, says Tim Wildschut, professor. His work also suggests a more primitive purpose for the feeling: it developed to remind our ancient ancestors of pleasant physical feelings during periods of discomfort and pain.(教授Tim Wildschut说，对过去的渴望可能是一种保护机制。他的研究还表明了这种感觉的一个更原始的目的：它的发展是为了提醒我们古老的祖先在不舒服和痛苦的时候愉快的身体感觉。)”和第六段“Recent research suggests the occasional look backwards can give us a boost in unnoticeable ways: by increasing self-respect and protecting against depression.(最近的研究表明，偶尔的回顾可以在不引人注意的方面给我们带来帮助：增强自尊，防止抑郁)”可知怀旧是一种保护机制，在不舒服和痛苦时提醒愉快的感觉，可以增强自尊，防止抑郁等，由此可推知，怀旧对人们的好处是它有助于缓解人们的不适。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了怀旧，这种由个人经历引发的情绪，它可以帮助我们面对不愉快的情况。但科学家需要更多的信息来充分描述这种复杂又苦乐参半的感觉。尤其最后一段“Scientists need a lot more information to adequately characterize this complex and bittersweet feeling.(科学家需要更多的信息来充分描述这种复杂而苦乐参半的感觉。)”可知文章可能来自科学杂志。故选B。
D
A study led by The University of Edinburgh researchers found that the performance of runners who listened to self-selected music as they ran after completing a demanding thinking task was at the same level as when they were not mentally tired. The findings of the study were published in the Journal of Human Sport and Exercise.
Researchers used two tests to study how listening to music affected the running performance of fitness enthusiasts. One test looked at the effects on the interval running ability—alternating between high intensity (强度) running and lower intensity jogging—with a group of nine exercisers, and the other on a 5 km time trial with a group of nine trained runners. The groups completed a 30-minute computer-based cognitive (认知的) test which put them in a mentally worn state before completing high intensity exercise. They were tested with and without motivational music which they selected.
Taking into account the results of a baseline test taken by participants that they did without completing a mentally demanding test beforehand and without music, the researchers found the interval running ability of the mentally worn fitness enthusiasts was slightly greater with music compared to that without music, and was the same as when the participants were not mentally tired. The 5 km time trial performance also showed small improvements with self-selected music compared to no music.
Dr. Shaun Phillips, of The University of Edinburgh’s Moray House School of Education and Sport, said, “Feeling tired mentally is a common occurrence for many of us, and can negatively affect many of our daily activities, including exercise. Finding safe and effective ways to reduce this negative impact is therefore useful. The research showing that listening to self-selected motivational music can help active people improve their endurance (耐力) running ability and performance when mentally worn out may provide a useful strategy.”
12. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the study
A. Its purpose. B. Its principle. C. Its process. D. Its participants.
13. Why did the researchers consider the baseline test
A. To prove that their finding is useful.
B. To offer evidence to support their study.
C. To make a comparison with their test results.
D. To find links between music and mental health.
14. What is Dr. Shaun Phillips’ attitude towards the research
A. Approving. B. Tolerant. C. Critical. D. Carefree.
15. Which of the following can serve as the best title
A. Being Mentally Tired Is a Common Feeling
B. Listening to Music Benefits Mental Health
C. Exercise Regularly Improves Mental Condition
D. Running to Music Reduces Mental Tiredness
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过实验得出选择励志音乐可以在精神疲惫的时候对跑步有益，可以减少精神的疲劳，并描述了实验的方法和过程。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第二段“Researchers used two tests to study how listening to music affected the running performance of fitness enthusiasts. One test looked at the effects on the interval running ability—alternating between high intensity(强度)running and lower intensity jogging—with a group of nine exercisers, and the other on a 5 km time trial with a group of nine trained runners. The groups completed a 30-minute computer-based cognitive (认知的) test which put them in a mentally worn state before completing high intensity exercise. They were tested with and without motivational music which they selected.(研究人员用两个测试来研究听音乐是如何影响健身爱好者的跑步表现的。一项测试观察了对间隔跑步能力的影响——在高强度（强度）跑步和低强度慢跑之间交替——一组九名锻炼者，另一项测试是5公里的时间试验中，由9名训练有素的跑步者进行的。这些小组完成了一个30分钟的基于电脑的认知测试，在完成高强度运动之前，这个测试使他们处于精神疲劳状态。他们在有和没有他们选择的励志音乐的情况下进行了测试)”可知本段讲述的是研究者们通过两个测试来做研究，同时讲述了所有测试的步骤和方法；故本段主要讲述的就是这个研究的过程。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Taking into account the results of a baseline test taken by participants that they did without completing a mentally demanding test beforehand and without music, the researchers found the interval running ability of the mentally worn fitness enthusiasts was slightly greater with music compared to that without music, and was the same as when the participants were not mentally tired. The 5 km time trial performance also showed small improvements with self-selected music compared to no music.(考虑参与者在没有事先完成高要求的精神测试和没有音乐的情况下进行的基线测试结果，研究人员发现精神疲劳的健身爱好者的间歇跑能力比没有音乐的情况下稍微强一些，并且与参与者没有精神疲劳的情况相同。5公里计时赛的表现中也显示有自选音乐的有小改进，与没有音乐相比)”推知，考虑基线测试的结果是为了与实验结果相比较，在对比下找出不同的结果以及造成这个结果的原因。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。 文章最后一段“Dr. Shaun Phillips, of The University of Edinburgh’s Moray House School of Education and Sport, said, “Feeling tired mentally is a common occurrence for-many of us, and can negatively affect many of our daily activities, including exercise. Finding safe and effective ways to reduce this negative impact is therefore useful. The research showing that listening to self-selected motivational music can help active people improve their endurance (耐力) running ability and performance when mentally worn out may provide a useful strategy.”(爱丁堡大学莫雷教育学院和体育部的肖恩·菲利普斯博士说：“对我们大多数人来说，感到精神疲劳是一种常见的现象，它会对我们的许多日常活动产生负面影响，包括锻炼。因此，找到安全有效的方法来减少这种负面影响是有益的。研究表明，听自己选择的励志音乐可以帮助活跃的人在精神疲惫时提高耐跑能力和表现，这可能提供一个有用的策略”)”可知Shaun Phillips博士认为通过这个实验得出了选择励志音乐可以在精神疲惫的时候对跑步有益，即有利于锻炼，这可能提供一个有用的策略。推知Shaun Phillips博士对这个实验的结果是表示赞许的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“A study led by The University of Edinburgh researchers found that the performance of runners who listened to self-selected music as they ran after completing a demanding thinking task was at the same level as when they were not mentally tired.(由爱丁堡大学研究人员领导的一项研究发现，在完成一项高要求的思考任务后，在跑步时听自选音乐的跑步者的表现与他们没有精神疲倦时的表现处于同一水平)”可知文章开头提出一个结论，即在完成一项高要求的思考任务后，在跑步时听自选音乐的跑步者的表现与他们没有精神疲倦时的表现处于同一水平，即跑步时选择自选音乐能够减少精神疲倦，跑步的表现与没有精神疲倦的表现是一样的水平，文章后面段落讲述了这项研究的实验方法和过程，全文都是在围绕这个话题来叙述的，故选项D“Running to Music Reduces Mental Tiredness(跑步听音乐可以减轻精神疲劳)”适合作为本文标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
More than ever before, students all over the world are turning to online learning to further their education. ____16____ In order to help you as an online learner develop better study skills, keep reading to see some of the best study tips.
Practice Good Time Management. Time management is possibly one of the most important and valuable skills for online learners. ____17____ If you are busy with online studies as well as other commitments, avoid a study period right before an exam. It’s recommended that you plan ahead and be responsible for your own time.
Remove Distractions. This might be a hard step to conquer. From social media to kids playing in the next room, you’re bound to face countless amounts of distractions. The best advice is to try your best to lessen all the distractions and stay focused! Of course, distractions are unique to each individual and may also depend on circumstances. ____18____
Build Your Network. Many online courses are developed around the concept of cooperation with professors and educators who encourage students to work together to achieve their end goals. This is why it is important to build as many relationships as possible not only with your peers but with professors too. ____19____ Don’t be afraid to create a virtual study group either.
Create A Dedicated Study Space. ____20____ You needn’t recreate a proper university lecture room. Instead set up a study space to which you dedicate your studies to. Whether it’s in your own home or at the local library, it doesn’t really matter. What is important is that you create a space that is not only quiet but will be effective as well.
A. This tip is actually a whole lot simpler than people think.
B. You need regular access to a computer to take online classes.
C. Engage in as many discussions and group sessions as possible.
D. Eventually you will need to find what exactly works best for you.
E. The better you manage your time, the easier it will be to achieve your goals.
F. Make sure that your space is well lit with the right supplies necessary for your study.
G. Despite its huge benefits like added flexibility, this way of learning can be challenging for people.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了帮助在线学习者的一些学习技巧。
【16题详解】
根据上文“More than ever before, students all over the world are turning to online learning to further their education.(世界各地的学生比以往任何时候都更多地转向在线学习来继续他们的教育。)”再根据下文“In order to help you as an online learner develop better study skills, keep reading to see some of the best study tips.(为了帮助在线学习者培养更好的学习技能，请继续阅读下面的一些最好的学习技巧。) ”由此可知设空处起到承上启下的作用，既要承接上文说在线学习，又连接下文，过度到怎么在线学习，G选项“尽管这种学习方式有很大的好处，比如增加灵活性，但对人们来说可能是一种挑战。”符合语境，承上启下，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Practice Good Time Management. (练习良好的时间管理。)”和上文“Time management is possibly one of the most important and valuable skills for online learners.( 时间管理可能是在线学习者最重要和最有价值的技能之一。)”可知本段主要讲述时间管理对于在线学习者很重要，可推断下文继续讲时间管理带来的好处；E选项“你管理时间越好，就越容易实现目标。”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The best advice is to try your best to lessen all the distractions and stay focused! Of course, distractions are unique to each individual and may also depend on circumstances.(最好的建议是尽你最大的努力减少所有的干扰，保持专注！当然，分心对每个人来说都是独一无二的，也可能取决于环境。)”可知这里是给出减少干扰的建议，但是每个人的情况都是不一样的，所以应该是根据自己的情况找寻最佳的方法，D选项“最终，你需要找到最适合你的方法。”符合语境，承接上文，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Many online courses are developed around the concept of cooperation with professors and educators who encourage students to work together to achieve their end goals. This is why it is important to build as many relationships as possible not only with your peers but with professors too.(许多在线课程都是围绕着与教授和教育工作者合作的概念开发的，他们鼓励学生们共同努力实现他们的最终目标。这就是为什么你不仅要和你的同学，还要和教授建立尽可能多的关系。)”可知在线学习者应该尽可能多的进行小组学习，C选项“参加尽可能多的讨论和小组会议。”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据本段主题句“Create A Dedicated Study Space.(创造一个专门的学习空间。)”可知本段是关于学习空间的，A选项“这个建议实际上比人们想象的要简单得多。”中的“This tip”指代主题句这个建议，并且和下文“You needn’t recreate a proper university lecture room.(你不需要再造一个像样的大学讲堂。)”连接紧密，所以起到承上启下的作用，故选A。
第三部分：完形填空(共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
I had lived in the United States for 30 years or so. I couldn’t fully ____21____ how the concept of “the pursuit of happiness” ____22____ into a super busy life. It was not until I started to grow plants on the balcony of my house on a quiet street in Boston that I had a(n) ____23____ Gardening does not come, ____24____ to me. I was not ____25____ to it as a child. I grew up in a city. My fellow people didn’t seem to ____26____ the absence of green. They lived in apartments and grew flowers in concrete courtyards, or on balconies to satisfy their gardening needs. No one grew herbs or vegetables. Why ____27____ Fresh produce was a plentiful ____28____ in daily markets nearby. Garlic and ginger were given away as a sign of thanks with the ____29____ of meat.
The first spring after I moved into my Boston apartment, I grew my own food. I developed a deeper appreciation for the tending of plants. There were _____30_____ along the way: pests, sometimes too much heat, other times not adequate sun. For several seasons. I had tomato troubles. I’d find half-eaten fruit _____31_____ I made a habit, night after night, of moving plants indoors, so I would be the one to, _____32_____, not some creature with four paws.
In the _____33_____ of seeding, growing, tending, harvesting and cooking, I came to understand a(n) _____34_____ version of happiness. It can be a matter of the heart’s _____35_____ small steps of satisfaction, resulting from “neither wealth nor greatness” in Thomas Jefferson’s words. “but calmness and occupation.”
21. A. grasp B. analyze C. translate D. assess
22. A. enter B. fit C. place D. set
23. A. result B. intention C. understanding D. faith
24. A. abruptly B. naturally C. deliberately D. occasionally
25. A. accustomed B. strange C. exposed D. familiar
26. A. mind B. like C. approve D. limit
27. A. insist B. bother C. resist D. demand
28. A. bargain B. need C. delivery D. consumption
29. A. sales B. purchase C. transportation D. supply
30. A. joys B. challenges C. labors D. complaints
31. A. pulled up B. piled up C. fallen behind D. left behind
32. A. lose B. sacrifice C. compensate D. harvest
33. A. cycle B. direction C. alternative D. recycling
34. A. flexible B. objective C. different D. ambiguous
35. A. achieving B. choosing C. offering D. defending
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在自己种植食物的消遣劳动中，懂得了幸福不一定是因为财务和杰出，也可以从休闲消遣和心灵平静中获得。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法完全理解“追求幸福”这个概念如何适合超级忙碌的生活。A. grasp理解；B. analyze分析；C. translate翻译；D. assess评估。根据下文“It was not until I started to grow plants on the balcony of my house on a quiet street in Boston that I had a(n)”可知，直到自己种植物，才开始理解，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. enter进入；B. fit适合；C. place放置；D. set设置。根据上文“the concept of “the pursuit of happiness””和下文“a super busy life”可知，应是“追求幸福”的概念和超级忙碌的生活是怎样匹配的，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到我开始在波士顿一条安静的街道上我的房子的阳台上种植物，我才理解。A. result结果；B. intention意图；C. understanding理解；D. faith信任。根据上文“I couldn’t fully ____1____ how the concept of “the pursuit of happiness” ____2____ into a super busy life.”可知，直到开始种植植物，才理解追求幸福怎样适应忙碌的生活的，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不是自然而然的喜欢园艺。A. abruptly突然地；B. naturally自然地；C. deliberately故意地；D. occasionally偶然地。根据下文“I was not ____5____ to it as a child. I grew up in a city.”可知，作者在城里长大，小时候没接触过园艺，所以不是自然而然的喜欢，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我小时候没接触过园艺。A. accustomed习惯的；B. strange奇怪的；C. exposed暴露的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文“I grew up in a city.”可知，此处指没接触过园艺，be exposed to意为“接触……”，符合语境，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同胞们似乎并不介意绿色的缺失。A. mind介意；B. like喜欢；C. approve赞成；D. limit限制。根据下文“No one grew herbs or vegetables.”可知，此处指不介意没有绿色，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：何必麻烦呢？A. insist坚持；B. bother麻烦；C. resist抵制；D. demand需要。根据下文“Fresh produce was a plentiful ____8____ in daily markets nearby.”可知，因为附近市场上有新鲜的蔬菜，所以为什么要那么麻烦自己种植呢，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在附近的日常市场上，新鲜的农产品非常便宜。A. bargain便宜货；B. need需要；C. delivery递送；D. consumption消费。根据下文“Garlic and ginger were given away as a sign of thanks with the ____9____ of meat.”可知，蔬菜类的很便宜，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大蒜和姜在购买肉类时被赠送以表示感谢。A. sales销售；B. purchase购买；C. transportation运输；D. supply供应。根据上文“Garlic and ginger were given away as a sign of thanks”可知，此处指买肉的时候赠送大蒜和姜，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一路上也有挑战：害虫，有时太热，有时没有足够的阳光。A. joys玩具；B. challenges挑战；C. labors劳动；D. complaints抱怨。根据下文“pests, sometimes too much heat, other times not adequate sun.(害虫，有时太热，有时没有足够的阳光)”可知，作者这是自己种植时遇到了的挑战，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会发现剩下了被吃了一半的水果。A. pulled up拔出；B. piled up堆放；C. fallen behind落下；D. left behind留下，丢弃。根据上文“For several seasons. I had tomato troubles.”可知，发现被吃了一半的水果，所以剩下，符合语境，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我养成了一个习惯，夜复一夜，把植物搬到室内，这样我就会是那个收获的人，而不是什么长着四只爪子的动物。A. lose失去；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. compensate补偿；D. harvest收获。根据上文“of moving plants indoors”可知，把植物搬进室内，这样就不会被动物破坏，所以作者应是那个收获的人，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在播种、种植、照料、收获和烹饪的过程中，我理解了另一种幸福。A. cycle循环，周期；B. direction方向；C. alternative可供选择的事物；D. recycling再循环。根据下文“seeding, growing, tending, harvesting and cooking”可知，这是一个循环或周期，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. flexible灵活的；B. objective客观的；C. different不同的；D. ambiguous模棱两可的。根据文章开头不理解忙碌生活中追求幸福的概念。由此可知，这里是对生活中追求幸福的新的理解，不同的理解，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：用托马斯·杰斐逊的话来说，这可能是一种内心实现满足的小步骤，而不是来自“财富和伟大”，“而是冷静和专注。”A. achieving实现；B. choosing选择；C. offering提供；D. defending保卫。根据下文“satisfaction, resulting from “neither wealth nor greatness” in Thomas Jefferson’s words. “but calmness and occupation.””可知，这是在内心实现的满足，故选A。
第四部分：单项选择(共20个小题，每小题1分，满分20分)
从下列各题中所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
36. ________ set of specially designed workout exercise that combines movements of popular functional exercise, traditional tai chi and folk dance is gaining ________ popularity among students in China.
A. A; the. B. The; a C. A; / D. The; the
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：一套结合流行功能锻炼动作、传统太极和民间舞蹈的特殊设计的健身运动在中国学生中越来越受欢迎。a set of“一套……，一组……”，所以第一空用不定冠词a；popuparity是不可数名词，在句中是泛指，所以前面不加任何冠词。故选C。
37. All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer, ________ to know his secret.
A. curious B. envious C. cautious D. generous
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有在场的学生都急切地询问这位新来的人的情况，想知道他的秘密。A. curious好奇的，渴望知道的；B. envious嫉妒的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. generous慷慨的。根据“All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer,”可知，所有的学生都渴望知道这位新来的人的秘密。故选A。
38. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ________ they are carefully managed.
A. if B. when C. unless D. because
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：小帆船在水中很容易翻，除非小心驾驶。A. if如果；B. when当……时候；C. unless除非；D. because因为。根据“Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water”可知，如果不小心驾驶小帆船，很容易会翻，所以用连词unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非……；如果不……”，相当于“if…not…”。故选C。
39. To our great joy, the doctor may ________ my mom to return to work next month.
A. agree B. allow C. admit D. apply
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我们非常高兴的是，医生可能会让我妈妈下个月回去工作。A. agree同意；B. allow允许；C. admit承认；D. apply申请。短语allow sb to do sth，意为“允许某人去做某事”，根据句意和语境，故选B。
40. Before climbing the mountain, be sure to check the ________ of the rope.
A. depth B. warmth C. strength D. growth
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在爬山之前，一定要检查一下绳子的强度。A. depth深度；B. warmth温暖；C. strength强度；D. growth生长。根据后文“of the rope”指检查绳子的强度应用strength。故选C。
41. The apartment ________ we have lived for a decade will be sold to James for $ 80,000.
A. which B. in that C. that D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我们住了十年的公寓将以8万美元的价格卖给詹姆斯。由句子结构分析可知 ________ we have lived for a decade 是定语从句修饰先行词The apartment ，设空处指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以选择关系副词where。故选D。
42. Could you please help me ________ the opening times on the website right now
A. take up B. look up C. turn up D. come up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你现在能帮我查一下网站上的营业时间吗 A. take up开始从事,占据,拿起；B. look up好转，抬头看，查阅；C. turn up（尤指失去后偶然）被发现，来到，露面，调高（音量、热量等）；D. come up (植物）长出地面，发生，出现，被提及。由语意可知，此句是问能否在网站上查阅一下营业时间，所以look up符合题意。故选B。
43. I had warmly invited Jane and Mary to dinner this evening, but unfortunately ________ them came.
A. neither B. both C. either D. none
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查不定代词。句意：我曾热情地邀请简和玛丽今晚来吃饭，但不幸的是，他们都没有来。A.neither两者都不； B.both两者都；C. either两者中任意一个；D. none没有一个，一般指三人以上。根据上下文的转折关系以及“Jane and Mary”，可知他们俩个都没有来，故选A。
44. Although the fan is somewhat limited in its applications, it is easy to operate and ________ it is fun.
A. above all B. in the end C. as a result D. before long
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：虽然这款风扇在应用上有一定的局限性，但它操作简单，最重要的是它很有趣。A. above all首先，最重要的是；B. in the end最后；C. as a result结果；D. before long不久以后。根据“Although the fan is somewhat limited in its applications,”可知，这款风扇虽然有局限性，但操作简单，最重要的是很有趣。故选A。
45. Every child has been made aware ________ the risks involved in some after-school activities.
A. on B. for C. at D. of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：每个孩子都被告知参加一些课外活动的风险。A. on在……上；B. for为了，给，支持；C. at在（某处），在（某时刻），朝向；D. of属于，关于，反映（某人或某事）。形容词aware与介词of搭配表示“意识到，明白，知道……”，固定短语be made aware of 意为“被告知……”符合句意。故选D。
46. With the theme “5G+By All For All”, the 2022 World 5G Convention ________ in Harbin, capital of Heilongjiang Province, on Aug 10, 2022.
A. kicked off B. kicks off C. was kicking off D. has kicked off
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：2022年8月10日，以“5G+人人共享”为主题的2022年世界5G大会在黑龙江省会哈尔滨开幕。根据后文on Aug 10, 2022可知应用一般过去时，且为主动关系。故选A。
47. She is worth praising for her lifelong devotion to the ________ of women’s rights.
A. choice B. control C. check D. cause
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她毕生致力于女权事业，值得称赞。A. choice选择；B. control控制，操控，支配权； check检查，查看，调查；D. cause起因，原因，（支持或为之奋斗的）事业。由句意可知，她把毕生都奉献给了女权事业。故选D。
48. Our new form teacher in high school reminds us that every minute ________.
A. covers B. counts C. contacts D. cares
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们高中的新班主任提醒我们分分秒秒都很重要。A. covers覆盖；B. counts重要；C. contacts联系；D. cares关心。根据上文“Our new form teacher in high school reminds us that every minute”指提醒分分秒秒都很重要。故选B。
49. Police ________ the fight in the small restaurant as particularly violent.
A. debated B. discussed C. described D. doubted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：警方称，在这家小餐馆发生的打斗特别暴力。A.debated争论；B.discussed讨论；C.described描述；D.doubted怀疑。根据下文“the fight in the small restaurant as particularly violent”可知，此处是警察描述的。故选C。
50. When we looked around our new school campus, we got a very good ________ of it.
A. impression B. operation C. investigation D. recognition
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们参观我们的新校园时，我们对它的印象非常好。A. impression印象；B. operation手术；C. investigation调查；D. recognition承认。have/get a ...impression of sb./sth.对某人/某物有……印象 。根据“When we looked around our new school campus,”可知，我们对新校园的印象非常好。故选A。
51. The difficult exercise was ________ the abilities of most of the class, making us upset.
A. beyond B. besides C. behind D. below
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：这个困难的练习超出了班上大多数人的能力，这使我们很沮丧。A. beyond超过，在……较远的一边；B. besides除……之外（还）；C. behind在……后面，落后；D. below在……下面，低于。据句意和所给部分可知这里使用介词beyond意为“超出”，beyond the abilities of 意为“超出……能力”符合题意。故选A。
52. If you do that again, you will be severely punished. Do I make myself ________
A. sharp B. positive C. shallow D. plain
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果再那么干，你会受到严厉惩罚的。我说清楚了吗？A. sharp锋利的；B. positive积极的；C. shallow浅的；D. plain清楚的；明白的。分析句子可知，本处表达的是提问者在警告另一个人，然后问对方自己有没有说清楚，强调对方到底有没有听清。故选D项。
53. I feel I’ve failed my family by not ________ more time with them.
A. spend B. spending C. to spend D. spent
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我觉得我没有花更多的时间和家人在一起，这辜负了他们。设空处接在介词by后作宾语，应用动名词。故选B。
54. The companies are working together to create ________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21stcentury.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：众公司正在齐心协力地工作，以创造出它们希望会是21世纪最佳运输方式（的东西）。此题考查宾语从句的引导词.1.to create ______ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century为不定式短语,做主句的目的状语从句.其中create后面为宾语从句.2.宾语从句中,忽略插入语they hope,即从句变成：______ will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.很明显,该从句缺少一个表sth的主语,所以只能用what来代替并引导该宾语从句。故选C项。
55. —Why do you look so disappointed
—Disappointed No, ________ I am rather glad.
A. absolutely B. certainly C. finally D. actually
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你为什么看起来这么失望？——失望吗？不，实际上我很高兴。A. absolutely绝对地；B. certainly当然；D. finally最后；D. actually实际上。由“No”和“I am rather glad”可知，空格处所在句子表示“实际上我很高兴”，空格处意为“实际上”，故选D。
第五部分：语法填空(共10个小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent days, I have watched a TV series named The Awakening Age. It narrates the story of how the Communist Party of China ____56____ (found) in 1921 by the generation of Chen Duxiu. The story is so inspirational and ____57____ (touch) that I can’t help ____58____ (feel) fired up about it.
This TV drama reminded me of all of the things I had seen and experienced regarding the Communist Party. To some extent, I really feel a deep ____59____ (connect) with the Party. There is no doubt in my mind ____60____ the Party has helped to support both an improvement in the quality of my life and my educational development. I believe it will continue to provide me ____61____ the support in the process of my growing up in the future.
Having visited some of the most sacred places ____62____ (involve) in China’s revolutionary history, l began to grow much ____63____ (close) to my country’s political identity. My memories from these unforgettable experiences have become an important part of the person I am today.
Now I can proudly say that I ____64____ (come) to understand the whole history so far and am familiar with almost all of the stories of our Communist Party. To tell the truth, I really admire all of the Party members, each of ____65____ has made contributions over the years in order to realize the great rejuvenation of our motherland.
【答案】56. was founded
57. touching
58. feeling
59. connection
60. that 61. with
62. involved
63. closer 64. have come
65. whom
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是电视剧《觉醒时代》对作者的影响。
【56题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它讲述了中国共产党是如何在1921年由陈独秀那一代人成立的故事。how引导宾语从句，空处在从句中作谓语，中国共产党是被成立，且由“in 1921”可知，空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“the Communist Party of China”是单数，因此空格处填was founded，故填was founded。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个故事是如此鼓舞人心和感人，我不禁感到充满激情。由句子结构分析可知空格处用形容词作表语，主语“The story”是物，所以用形容词touching，意为“令人感动的，感人的”，故填touching。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这个故事是如此鼓舞人心和感人，我不禁感到充满激情。短语can’t help doing sth意为“情不自禁……，忍不住……”符合句意，所以此处填feeling。故填feeling。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：在某种程度上，我真的感到与党有很深的联系。deep是形容词，修饰名词，空格处是名词connection，空前有a，因此空格处用单数形式。故填connection。
【60题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，党帮助我提高了生活质量，促进了我的教育发展。句型There is no doubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”，在此句型中，that引导同位语从句 ，对doubt的内容进行说明，句中that只起连接作用，不担任任何句子成分，无词汇意义。所以此空that切合题意。故填that。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：我相信它会在我未来成长过程中继续为我提供支持。provide sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“提供给某人某物”符合句意，故填with。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：参观了中国革命历史上一些最神圣的地方后，我开始更接近我的国家的政治认同感。句中谓语是began，空格处用非谓语形式，places和involve之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词involved表被动，作后置定语修饰名词places，故填involved。
【63题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：参观了中国革命历史上一些最神圣的地方后，我开始更接近我的国家的政治认同感。设空处在句中作表语，此处表示“更接近”应用close的比较级，close的比较级是closer，故填closer。
【64题详解】
考查时态。句意：现在我可以自豪地说，到目前为止，我已经了解了整个历史，熟悉了我们共产党几乎所有的故事。由句子结构分析可知设空处在从句中作谓语动词，根据句意以及句中的so far(到目前为止)可知应该用现在完成时，谓语动词的主语是I，故填have come。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：说实话，我真的很钦佩所有的党员，他们每一个人都为实现我们祖国的伟大复兴作出了贡献。分析句子结构可知，空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词“Party members”是人，因此空格处是whom，故填whom。
