外研版必修四Module 2 Traffic Jam基础练(有答案）

Module 2 Traffic Jam基础练高中英语外研版必修四
一、阅读理解
（一）
A
Some people think they have an answer to the troubles of traffic jams and air pollution in large cities. Their answer is the bicycle， or bike.
In a great many cities， hundreds of people ride bicycles to work every day. In New York City， some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They claim that if more people rode bicycles to work， there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city and therefore less dirty air from car engines.
For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bike riders. For example， they want the city to draw special lanes for bicycles only on some of the main streets， because when bike riders must use the same lanes as cars， there may be accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes， more people would use bikes.
But no bicycle lanes have been drawn yet. Not everyone thinks it is a good idea. Taxi drivers say it will slow traffic. Some store owners on the main streets say that if there is less traffic， they will have less business. And most people live too far from downtown to travel by bike.
The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. Only on weekends， Central Park， the largest open place in New York， is closed to cars， and the roads may be used by bicycles only. But Bike for a Better City says that is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.
1. What may Bike for a Better City be？
A. A party. B. A company.
C. A person. D. An organization.
2. Who strongly prefer the idea of special bicycle lanes？
A. Some bike riders.
B. Some store owners.
C. The city government.
D. People living far from downtown.
3. Why are there no bicycle lanes in New York City？
A. The main streets are not wide enough.
B. The city government is too busy to do it.
C. Some people don’t think it is a good idea.
D. Most people live too far to travel by bike.
4. When is Central Park in New York closed to cars？
A. On Saturdays and Sundays. B. In the Afternoons.
C. On Weekdays. D. In Holidays.
B
Getting stuck in a traffic jam is one of the most boring problems for people living in big cities. The fact that you’re moving so slowly leads to stress， anger and the wish that your car could just fly over the traffic like an airplane.
Soon， however， that wish could come true. On May 8， US car-renting company Umber showed off what it described as “the transportation mode of the future： on-demand air transport，” reported ABC News.
According to Nikhill Goel， head of products for Umber Air， the company’s air taxi service may launch test flights in the US cities of Dallas and Los Angeles， as well as Dubai in the United Arab Emirates， as early as 2020. If everything goes according to plan， passengers will be able to fly to work by 2023.
“When the Olympics comes to Los Angeles in 2028. Umber expects to have hundreds， if not thousands， of its aircraft in the skies.” Goel told Newsweek.
So what would Umber’s flying vehicles be like？
They are small， electric aircraft that take off and land vertically， and they give off zero emissions and are quiet enough to operate in cities.
Just like an airplane， the vehicles will have fixed wings to help them glide. But while a helicopter has just one big fixed rotor （定量）， Umber’s vehicles will have multiple rotors， which will help increase fuel efficiency while reducing emissions and noise.
“Because of these fixed wines and multiple rotors. Umber’s flying taxis should be quieter and safer than a helicopter.” reported ABC News.
However， the service still has a long way to go before its ready to accept passengers. For example， to avoid any potential accidents， Umber is working with NASA to study air traffic control problems associated with low-flying aircraft. But just as Dubai’s Mayor Betty Price said in a news release， “This program is revolutionary and future-oriented.”
5. When do Umber’s flying taxis are expected to take passengers？
A. In 2020. B. In 2023.
C. In 2028. D. In 2030.
6. How are Umber’s flying taxis different from helicopters？
A. They have one big rotor.
B. They need more fuel to fly.
C. They have fewer fixed wings.
D. They will be quieter and safer.
7. Which is true about the flying cars according to the text？
A. They can be as efficient as airplanes.
B. They are easier to take off and land than helicopters.
C. They will surely help passengers avoid accidents.
D. They will do almost no harm to the environment.
8.What is the text mainly about？
A. Umber’s plan to launch flying taxis.
B. The advantages of Umber are flying taxis.
C. Different opinions about Umber are flying taxis.
D. The difficulties Umber is facing in testing flying vehicles.
（二）
A
Visiting a festival abroad can be a great reason to travel and a way to experience different cultures. There is such a number of choices that its possible to spend the whole summer watching live music in exciting places.
Melt！ Festival， Germany
This festival takes place on the site of an open air museum for industrial machinery. There’s also a lake which can be used for swimming when it’s hot. This year’s line-up has over 120 different bands. Around 90% of the people attending the festival are Germans providing a perfect chance to practice speaking the language.
Exit Festival， Serbia
Set on the banks of the Danube in an old fortress （城堡）， the festival began as a way to show peoples dissatisfaction with the government. These days its less political but still worries about people who are poor， ill， old， etc. And tries to help them. This year’s festival will host many famous bands. From electronic music and dance music to hard rock， there is something for everyone to enjoy.
Belladrum Tartan Heart Festival， Scotland
Set on a Scottish estate （庄园） near Inverness， this year Belladrum will welcome artists from around the world. The most enjoyable part of the weekend is the ceilidh （traditional Scottish dance and party） which is always a lively event. It doesn’t even matter if you’re a beginner because the band teaches you each dance.
Opener Festival， Poland
Held in an airfield near the northern city of Gdansk， each year Opener has a seriously good selection of bands. This year is no exception， with many famous bands set to play. Not only are there amazing artists， but both Poland and the festival itself also provide very excellent value for money.
1. What is special about Melt！ Festival？
A. It provides German lessons.
B. It is held by a local museum.
C. The bands are from 120 countries.
D. Most of the festival goers are Germans.
2. Why did Exit Festival begin？
A. For political reasons. B. For personal reasons.
C. To help stop a fight. D. To offer help to the poor.
3. What makes Belladrum Tartan Heart Festival different from the others？
A. It falls in summer.
B. It is a live music festival.
C. It teaches people Scottish dances.
D. It invites the most famous bands.
B
Carmakers now allow drivers to make phone calls， use email， and text， etc. Cars used to have a few buttons. Some cars now have as many as 50 buttons.
“It’s adding complex information at drivers fingertips without often considering whether it’s a good idea to put it at their fingertips，” University of Utah professor David Strayer said. That complexity increases the time drivers spend trying to use the systems.
The systems “are developed to be used in the driving environment and require drivers attention that is comparable to turning on the radio， which has always been considered acceptable behavior while driving，” said Wade Newton， a spokesman for the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers.
But Jake Nelson， AAAs director for traffic safety research， said drivers testing all 30 of the 2017 model year cars took their eyes off the road and hands off the wheel while using the systems. The test drivers touch screens and other technologies to make calls， send texts， turn on the radio， or program navigation all while driving.
Researchers said 23 of the 30 cars were considered “very high” or “high” in terms of the attention they required from drivers. It takes drivers about 40 seconds to program navigation systems. Research made before has shown that drivers who took their eyes from the road for just two seconds double their risk of a crash.
In 2012， the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration made voluntary safety guidelines to carmakers. The guidelines suggest that automakers lock out the ability to program navigation systems while a car is moving. However， the ability to program navigation while driving was allowed in 12 cars in the study. The guidelines also suggest carmakers prevent drivers from texting while driving， but three-quarters of the cars tested allow drivers to text while the car is moving.
4. What did David Strayer feel about the systems？
A. Interested. B. Excited.
C. Worried. D. Dissatisfied.
5. What did Wade Newton say about the systems？
A. They were good choices for drivers.
B. They couldn’t be used while driving.
C. They were unacceptable to the public.
D. They were mainly used for navigation.
6. What may agree with Jake Nelsons idea about the systems？
A. They were risky but worthwhile.
B. They were quick and easy to use.
C. They saved drivers a lot of time.
D. They increased the risk of accidents.
7. What can we infer about voluntary safety guidelines？
A. They are quite welcome.
B. They are not properly made.
C. They are not strictly followed.
D. They are very helpful to drivers.
（三）
I passed my driving test at the fourth attempt. You might think that means I’m not as safe as someone who passed on their first attempt. But would you feel safer with no driver at all？ Maybe not， and that’s why automotive firms have included driver-assist functions in their driverless cars. This allows the human driver to take over if there is a problem.
Google is one producer that has prototype （原型） driverless cars. These cars have been newly equipped with auto-steering wheels and conventional controls to allow normal driving. But this is just a stage—the vision is to have fully automated cars very soon. The director of Google’s self-drive project， Chris Urmson， hopes his 11-year-old son will never have to take a driving test. To achieve that， the cars need to be on the roads in five years. He says driverless cars will greatly reduce accidents and traffic jams.
According to Chris， about 1.2 million people are killed on the roads around the world each year. That number is equal to a jet falling out of the sky every day. He thinks gradual changes to existing car designs are not enough to deal with the problems. “If we are really going to make changes to our cities， get rid of parking lots， we need self-drive cars，” he says.
Google’s prototypes have covered over a million kilometers on the road. They have also had to deal with unexpected situations， such as a child driving a toy car in the road， and a woman in an electric wheelchair chasing a duck. In each case， the car reacted safely.
Some are not convinced. Sven Beiker of Stanford University thinks driverless cars will still need human input in extreme circumstances.
1. What is the authors chief concern about driverless cars according to Paragraph 1？
A. The price. B. The safety.
C. The functions. D. The appearance.
2. Why did Chris Urmson mention his 11-year-old son？
A. To show his son is a slow learner in driving.
B. To say driverless cars will come soon.
C. To say traditional cars may harm kids.
D. To show his son is bad at driving.
3. What is Chris Urmsons comment on self-drive cars？
A. They are safer than a jet plane.
B. They should change gradually.
C. They can completely change our cities.
D. They can solve many existing traffic problems.
4. What can we learn from the passage？
A. Driving tests will be easier to pass in the near future.
B. Google’s prototypes will be tested on the roads soon.
C. Self-drive cars are not designed for children or women.
D. Concerns remain about the reliability of self-drive cars.
二、选词填空
用下面给出单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。有两个词是多余的。
blow fare convenient crash impress solve
limit provide connect display react permit
1. She drove away the car without ____ .
2. This is the most ____ museum Ive seen on the trip.
3. These cartoon books ____ for the children in need.
4. What’s the ____ between the two ideas？
5. He could hardly afford the bus ____ .
6. The wind ____ hard now， so it will become cold.
7. What was his ____ to the news？
8. The plane didn’t give out signals for help before ____ .
9. The seating on the bus ____ to 30.
10. The ____ to the problem proved more difficult than we had predicted.
三、句子翻译
1. 成都现在有几条地铁线正在建设中。（under construction）
2. 玛丽的爸爸真的喜欢到处旅游。（get around）
3. 他的钥匙卡在锁里了。（get stuck in）
4. 你离开的时候请把灯关了。（switch off）
5. 很值得下功夫去学习怎么做这件事。（be worth doing）
答案
（一）A： 1—4 DACA B： 5—8 BDDA
（二）A： 1—3 DAC B： 4—7 DADC
（三）1—4 BBDD
二、选词填空
1. permission 2. impressive 3. are provided 4. connection
5. fares 6. is blowing 7. reaction 8. crashing
9. is limited 10. solution
三、句子翻译
1. There are several underground lines under construction in Chengdu now.
2. Mary’s father really likes getting around.
3. His key has got stuck in the lock.
4. Please switch the lights off as you leave.
5. It is well worth making an effort to learn how to do it.