主语从句
一. 在谓语动词之前
I. 解题思路：先判断主语从句，再选择连接词
例: _____ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
主语从句 谓语动词
解题步骤：
1. 找到谓语动词 is seen, 其前面是一个句子，因此判断此句子为主语从句，即句子做主语。
2. some people regard as a drawback句中，regard缺少宾语，因此用what替代。
故答案为what。
II. 练习（选择正确的连词）
1. _________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for thecompany.
2. --Something should be done to improve the worsening air quality.
--Yes. ____________pollutes the air shall pay a high price.
3. ________ he will go is unknown.
4. _____ he is often absent from class is a mystery.
5. ______ he will succeed is obvious.
二. it做形式主语
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语，放在句首，而把主语从句置于句末。
例: It is no longer a question now that man can land on the moon.
形式主语 真正的主语
解题步骤：判断主语从句，选择连词。
1. It在句首，不是代词就是形式主语，后面出现句子，因此是主语从句。
2. man can land on the moon, 不缺成分和含义，因此选择that.
练习（选择正确的连词）
1. It leaves me in no doubt ____ scientists will come up with new ways to increase the world’s food supply.
2. It never occurred to me ____ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
3. It is quite clear _______ the whole project is doomed to failure.
4. It’s no wonder ________you’ve achieved so much success.
5. It doesn’t matter ________ he is wrong or not.高中语法 名词性从句概况
一. 名词性从句的引导词
名词性从句相当于名词，在句中作宾语，主语，表语和同位语。引导词如下表所示：
引导词 语法功能
连接副词 When, why, where, how 在从句中作状语，有时作表语
连接代词 What(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), whose 在从句中作主语，表语，宾语或定语
从属连词 That, whether, if 在从句中不充当成分
连接副词：既是连接词（连接两个句子），又在从句中作成分（作副词）。
连接代词：既是连接词（连接两个句子），又在从句中作成分（代词）。
从属连词：只有连接作用，表从属关系，不在从句中作成分。
特殊的连接词：that没有含义，不可省略（宾语从句中有时可省略）
二. whether和if的区别
whether和if引导主语从句
条件 引导词 例句
放于句首 Whether Whether you go or not depends on yourself.
与or not直接连用 Whether or not you will go depends on you.
与表示选择的or 连用 It doesn’t matter whether he comes or leaves.
It做形式主语 It makes no difference whether he comes
与or not不直接连用 Whether/ if It doesn’t matter whether/ if he comes or not.
whether和if引导宾语从句
引导词 条件 例句
只用whether不用if 做discuss的宾语 We should discuss whether we will held this meeting.
与or not直接连用 We should discuss whether or not we will held this meeting.
作介词宾语 It depends on whether you will accept it.
If或whether均可 与表示选择的or连用 I don’t care whether/ if he will stay or not.
宾语从句中不含or （not） He asked me whether my father would go with me.
与 or not不直接连用 He asked me whether my father would go with me or not.
Whether 引导表语从句
例：The problem is whether the games will be held in time.
三. 主语从句
主语从句是在主句中作主语的句子，它由连接词引导，通常位于谓语动词之前。
1. Whether you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it.
主语（从句） 谓语
2. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.
形式主语 真正的主语（从句）
3. Where the meeting will be held has not yet been announced.
主语（从句） 谓语
四. 宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. She always thinks of how she can work well.
介词 宾语（从句）
2. Let me know whether or not you can come.
谓语动词 宾语
3. I heard that be joined the army.
谓语动词 宾语（从句）
五. 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的从句，放在be, look, seem等系动词后。常用见的引导表语从句的连接词有that, whether, wh-词，as, as if/though, because等。
1. This is where our problem lies.
系动词 表语（从句）
2. That's why I have come.
系动词 表语（从句）
3. I feel as though the house is shaking.
系动词 表语从句
六. 同位语从句
同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句。所以它总是跟在某一个名词的后面。该名词被称作先行词。
1. I have no idea whether he graduated from university.
idea的同位语
2. The difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money.
fact的同位语
3. The report that he was going to resign was false.
report的同位语宾语从句和表语从句
一. 宾语从句的连词选择
方法：看句子是否缺少含义；缺少什么含义
例：She did not know ______had happened.
Know为谓动词，后跟句子，故该句子为宾语从句。
而______had happened却缺主语，根据句意，故填what。
二. 宾语从句的否定前移
将think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。若谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
1. I hope you will not be disappointed when seeing the score.
2. I don’t think they will come to say goodbye to us.
三. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句用陈述句语序。
He asked me why do I prefer reading papers rather than novels. -----X----该句为疑问句式
He asked me why I prefer reading papers rather than novels.------- √
宾语从句的主句部分为陈述句，从句部分用疑问句的话，整个句子会矛盾。
四. 宾语从句和表语从句的区别
宾语跟在实义动词后，而表语从句跟在系动词后。
例1: This is ___ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
is为系动词，后面跟了句子，故my father has taught me为表语从句。
又因my father has taught me缺少宾语，故用what替代宾语。故填what。
例2: We need to discuss _______ the sports meeting should be held.
discuss 为实义动词，后面跟了句子，故该句子为宾语从句。
根据句意，the sports meeting should be held缺少含义，故填when或者where。
五. 练习（选择恰当的连词）
1. I wonder ________ you can change this note for me.
2. He has told me _______ he will go to Beijing this weekend and that we can stay here or another two days.
3. I ________ （think）this dress ________(fit) you well. 我不认为这件裙子适合你。
4. He said, in his opinion, ______ Lei Feng was a good example of serving the people heart and soul.
5. I know _______ he lives and _______he is living a happy life.
6. It depends on _________we will have enough money.
7. I don’t know ______broke the glass yesterday.
8. The question is ___________this book is worth writing.
9. She told me _______ she would accept my invitation.
10. The teacher asked ________I was getting on with my classmates.
11. The reason why he is late for school is ______ he missed the early bus.
12. My idea is ________ we should do it right now.同位语从句
一. 特点
1. 紧跟在解释的名词后面。
2. 解释说明前面的名词，是前面名词的内容。
例：I have no idea when they are asked to hand in their papers.
名词 + 同位语从句
二. 解题步骤
1. 判断同位语从句
2. 选择连接词
例: He heard the news ______ Qian Yong set a new world record.
Qian Yong set a new world record为the news的内容，因此为同位语从句。
另外，该句不缺成分和含义，故选that。
二. 练习(选择恰当的连词)
1. We must face the fact ______we had spent all our money
2. There’s some doubt _________ John will come on time.
3. Despite the fact ______ he was not an expert in painting, he achieved a lot because of hard work.
4. He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting would be put off.
5. I have no idea what they did with themselves last Sunday.
6. The news ______ Tom would go abroad is told by him..
7. The news ________ we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.
8. The manager put forward a suggestion____________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
9. The doctor can hardly answer the question _________the old man will recover soon.
10. Could you tell me the question ________ English is useful for us now.
