外研版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Breaking Boundaries Starting out and Understanding ideas 课件-（30张）

(共28张PPT)
单
词
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
版本：新外研
单元：选择性必修二 Unit 1 (Starting out — Understanding ideas)
本单元词汇梳理
1. integrity integr- (whole 完整) + -ity (名词后缀，指具备某种性质)
→ 完整 → 诚实、正直
2. licence 英式英语，美式是license
词块：a driver’s / driving licence
3. loan 词块：take out a loan
4. adulthood adult (n 成人) + -hood (名词后缀，表示“时期”)
5. milestone mile (n 英里) + stone (n 石头) → 每英里设置的界石 → 里程碑
6. election elect (v 选举) + -ion (名词后缀)
词块：a general election
7. wage 名词“工资”，尤指简单劳动或体力劳动工作者所得的“工资”“工钱”，通常按周、日、小时等短期计算发给。
8. tax 词块：charge / pay tax, before / after tax
名词动词化：对……征税
9. legal 词族：legal, legally, illegal, illegally
10. mature 词块：be mature for one’s age
形容词动词化：成熟、长成
11. instantly instant (adj 立刻的)+ -ly (副词后缀)
近义词：immediately
12. childhood child (n 儿童) + -hood (名词后缀：表示“时期”)
类似 adulthood；词块：in / during one’s childhood
13. obey 词块：obey rules / orders
14. gradual gradu- (step 步、级) + -al (形容词词缀) → 一步一步的 → 逐渐的
同根词：grade, graduate
派生词：gradually
15. selfish self (n 自我) + -ish (形容词后缀)
词族：self, selfless, selflessly, selfish, unselfish, selfishly, selfishness
16. approve ap- (to 去) + prove (to test 验证) → 去验证某人 / 某物是好的 → 赞成、赞同
词块：approve of
词族：approve, approval, approving, disapprove, disapproval, disapproving
17. steady 词块：a steady job；派生词：steadily
18. tempt 词块：tempt sb to do sth
19. librarian library (n 图书馆) + -ian (从事……的人)
20. household house (n 房屋) + hold (n 握住) → 住在房子里的所有人→ 一家人；家庭 词块：a household name
21. deposit 词块：pay the deposit on sth
22. commitment commit [(使) 作出保证] + -ment (行为) → 承诺；保证
词族：commit, committed, commitment, committee
词块：make a commitment to do / doing sth
23. suitable suit (v 适合) + -able (形容词后缀)
词块：(be) suitable for sb / sth, (be) suitable to do sth
反义词：unsuitable
24. minimum 词块：at a minimum, a minimum of
反义词：maximum
wage
重难点词精讲
commitment
辨析义
英语释义
辨析义
approve
minimum
一词多义
legal
精准的汉语释义
elect & election
英语释义
suitable
精准的汉语释义
搭配义
elect & election
2021年1月6日，美国国会举行联席会议，确认美国总统大选结果。1月7日凌晨，美国国会确认民主党人乔·拜登赢得306张选举人票，在总统选举中获胜。
The US Congress certified Democrat Joe Biden’s presidential election victory with 306 Electoral College votes.
elect vt
［常用于被动语态］选举；推选 to choose sb for an official position by voting：
① elect sb to sth:
I’ll never forget being elected to the student council.
② elect sb (as) sth:
They elected Smith (as) mayor.
［正式用语］选择；决定 to choose to do sth:
elect to do sth:
He has elected to become a doctor.
【知新】election n [C] & [U] 选举；推选：
a general election
e- (out 出) + lect (gather, choose 选择) → 选出 → 选举
【温故】elect 词源解读 选必一U2
wage
2020年7月23日，华为公布了8名天才少年的年薪方案，全部为2019届应届顶尖学生，学历均为博士，年薪最低限89.6万元，最高限201万元，引起网友热议。
在羡慕的同时，让我们来学习一下关于“薪资”的表达吧！
说到“工资”“薪水”，你能想到的单词是？
pay
salary
wage
三个单词之间到底有何不同呢？
wage词源解读
wage原指承诺对别人的服务的报酬，引申为“工资” 。原仅限于手工和机械劳动所得，后词义通用化。
wage
■ n [C]［常用复数］工资；薪金：
high / low wages
a weekly wage
■ vt 开始；发动：
wage a campaign
wage, pay, salary
析
辨
相同点： 三者都可用作名词，含“报酬”之意
三者都常译为“工资”
不同点：
wage 指简单劳动或体力劳动工作者所得的“工资”“工钱”，通常按周、日、小时等短期计算发给，常用复数形式，但用于名词前时用单数形式。
Wages are paid on Fridays.
wage earners
pay 指不论工作性质如何，通过各种劳动所得到的报酬，它包含salary和wage，不可数。
He doesn’t like the job, but the pay is good.
salary 指非体力劳动者所得到的“工资”“薪水”，通常按月计算，有时按季或年计算。
The government has decided to increase salaries for all civil servants.
legal
legal adj
［只用于名词前］法律上的：
He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.
合法的；法定的 反 illegal：
a legal holiday (BrE a bank holiday)
It’s legal to turn right at a red light in most states.
legally adv 法律上；合法地 反 illegally
approve
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。
You may not ________________________（赞成）his party-boy lifestyle, but he’s still your brother.
agree with
/ approve of
approve词源解读
approve v
vi 赞成；赞同 反 disapprove：
I approve of you / your trying to make some money, but please don’t neglect your studies.
vt 批准；认可 to officially accept a plan, proposal, etc.：
We would be pleased if you would approve our proposal.
The Ministry of Education approved a new policy today.
approving adj 赞许的；赞成的 反 disapproving
approve由 ap-（to 去） + prove（to test 验证）→去验证某人某物是好的→ 赞成、同意
【词汇拓展】
approval n [C] & [U] 赞成；同意 反 disapproval；批准：
He nodded in approval.
The government gave approval to the project.
I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval.
disapprove v 反 approve
vi 不赞同；反对：
I strongly disapprove of diets; it’s better to eat sensibly.
vt［正式用语］不批准；不同意
disapproval n [U] 不赞同；反对 反 approval
disapproving adj 不赞同的；表示反对的 反 approving
approve, agree, accept
析
辨
approve 指“批准 / 正式通过（计划；建议等）”，侧重对认为正确或满意的事表示“赞同”或“批准”。作不及物动词时意为“赞成”“同意”，常与of连用。
Our village committee approved the plan of putting off the sports meeting due to the bad weather.
agree 指多方面达成一致意见，暗含先有分歧，经协商或讨论后取得共识。
My father agreed to buy a bike for me as a birthday present.
accept 指同意、接受、认可。
He accepted our suggestion.
commitment
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。
We _________________（作出承诺）to keep working together.
made a promise
made a commitment
commitment比promise更正式
commitment词源解读
commitment由commit（使承担义务 / 使作出保证）+ -ment构成。commitment与“承诺（promise）”有关。
承诺的事（commitments）有大有小，大如一段婚姻或一份工作，小如与朋友的约会。一旦作出承诺（make a commitment），就需要全身心的投入。
[C] 承诺；许诺；保证 a promise or agreement to do sth：
commitment to do / doing sth
She has made a commitment to going bottle-free. 2008 湖北
[C] 承诺的事 / 责任：
I’m overworked at the moment — I’ve taken on too many commitments.
抽象名词具体化：commitment指具体承诺的事时是可数名词
[U] 投入；奉献 being prepared to give a lot of your time and attention to sth because you believe it is right or important：
A career as an actor requires one hundred percent commitment.
通过英语释义准确理解
commitment n
【词汇拓展】commit R2 v
vt 犯（错误、罪行等）to do sth wrong or illegal：
commit murder / a crime / a mistake
Smoking is committing suicide slowly
vi & vt（使）承担义务；（使）作出保证 to make a definite agreement or promise to do sth：
The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund. 2008 上海改
vt 投入 to spend money or time on sth / sb：
commit sth to (doing) sth:
commit an hour to reading the newspapers every morning
committed adj 尽心尽力的；坚定的：
He loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it. 2017 江苏
通过英语释义准确理解
熟词生义
2021年新高考I卷
■ adj 适合的；适宜的 (反 unsuitable) ：
I don’t have anything suitable to wear for the party.
This programme is not suitable for children.
Not all men are suitable for that kind of work.
suitable
suit (v 适合) + -able (形容词后缀)
■ n [C]（一套）衣服：
a business / swimming suit
■ vt（服装、颜色等）适合；对（某人）方便；中……的意：
I found an evening dress that suited me perfectly.
If we meet at 9 a.m., would that suit you
There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 人教新必修③ – 3
suit ... to 使……适合：
A good teacher suits his lesson to the age of his pupils.
suited adj［不用于名词前，与for / to连用］适合的：
be best suited to / for
词汇拓展
suit
minimum
minimum 反 maximum
■ n [C] (pl minima / minimums) 最低限度；最小量：
We have a minimum of 28 people living here in the winter and a maximum of 125 in the summer.
At a minimum, we must hire three new teachers.
■ adj［只用于名词前］最低的；最小的；最少的：
minimum requirements
本单元金句汇总
1. I’ll never forget being elected to the student council.
2. I approve of you / your trying to make some money, but please don’t neglect your studies.
3. He nodded in approval.
4. She has made a commitment to going bottle-free.
5. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund.
6. This programme is not suitable for children.
随堂检测
elect & election
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Increasing numbers of people elect ___________ (work) from home nowadays.
2. The group elected one of its members ___________ (be) their spokesperson.
3. The school board（校董会） is made up of parents who have ___________ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs.（2013 上海）
4. Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected ___________ assistant to my English teacher.（2015 陕西）
5. The recent ___________ (elect) has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.（2013 湖南改）
been elected
as
to work
to be
election
谢
谢
观
赏