人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 讲义及真题演练
我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们
主格 I you he you it we you they
宾格 me you him you it us you them
adj.性物主代词 my your his your its our your their
n.性物主代词 mine yours his yours its ours yours theirs
反身代词 myself yourself himself yourself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
1 人称代词***
分类：人称代词分为主格和宾格
用法：
人称代词在句中作主语时，用主格；作宾语时，用宾格。
在强调句中人称代词的使用据人称代词具体作何成分而定
It was he that helped her yesterday.
It was him that we met at the park.
句中无谓语动词，即谓语动词被省略时，人称代词要用宾格
-I’d like to make a trip to Sichuan.
-Me, too.
当说话者不清楚或没必要指导谈论对象的性别时，可用it来表示。
What a lovely baby! Is it a boy or a girl
注意：代词作同位语
*若代词和名词的指代相同时，常用主格或宾格作同位语，不用物主代词。
单句改错：Our Chinese people are friendly.
We
（2007 湖南卷）To save class time, our teacher has ___us__(we) students do half of the exercise in class and complete the other half for homework.
真题演练：
1.【2018·全国I】If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ______a try.
【答案】it或running
【解析】考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it或running。
2.【2018·全国III】When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ________(they) alive.
【答案】them
【解析】考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。
2 物主代词***
分类：adj.性物主代词和n.性物主代词
用法：
adj.性物主代词相当于adj.，在句中作名词或v-ing的前置定语，不单独使用；
eg. He is my best friend.
Would you mind my opening the window
n.性物主代词相当于“adj.性物主代词+n.”，可单独作主语、表语、宾语，可与of连用作后置定语，但不单独作定语。
真题演练：
1.（2022全国乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony， opening _____ _____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
答案：its
解析：考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真—普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
2.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Ecotourism has 3 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
【答案】its
【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。空格所填词与空后的origin一起作has的宾语；同时与空后的origin构成限定关系，因此应填形容词物主代词。句意：生态旅游业起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。故填its。
3.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9 (I).
【答案】mine
【解析】考查代词。根据提示词可知，句意为：这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代the song, does指代动词sticks，空格处应指 my memory， 为了避免重复，用名词性物主代词来代替 "形容词性物主代词 + 名词"。故填mine。
4.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
5.【2020·海南】Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of_______（we）Further Resources section featured in each volume.
【答案】our
【解析】考查代词。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resources section，前用形容词性物主代词。故填our。
6.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.
【答案】将yours改为your
【解析】考查代词。句意：祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子，best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。句中的yours为名词性物主代词，不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。
7. (2019 广东实验中学高三阶段考) At first she took my hands in __________(she) and listened patiently as I mentioned my worries.
【答案】hers
【解析】句意：“起初，当我提及自己的担忧时，她把我的双手握在她的手里，并耐心听着。”据句意，应用名词性物主代词hers，相当于her hands。
3 反身代词***
注意拼写：表单数的反身代词以self结尾，表复数的反身代词以selves结尾
两用法：
用法1 反射：反身代词指代主语，与指代的名词或代词互指关系。
用法2 强调——常做同位语：She did it herself. = She herself did it.
真题演练：
(2018 湖北黄冈高三5月)
Heritage can also be a reminder of the lifestyle of the past. Just look at Vienna’s coffee culture: the award was for what happened there, not for the places ______________(they).
【答案】themselves
【解析】据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作n.the places的同位语，表示”奖励是给那里所发生的事的，而不是给这些地方本身”，故填themselves表“它们本身”。
固定短语：
“v.+反身代词” devote oneself to 致力于 seat oneself 坐下
enjoy oneself 过得愉快 amuse oneself 自娱
help oneself to 随便吃/用 behave oneself 表现得体， 有礼貌
lose oneself 迷路 dress oneself 自己穿衣
feel oneself 觉得身体好 boast oneself 自夸
express oneself 表达自己的思想 make yourself at home 不拘束
hide oneself 把自己藏起来 introduce oneself 自我介绍
commit oneself to 致力于，投身于
“prep.+反身代词” by oneself 单独，独自 in oneself 本身，本来
for oneself 亲自，为自己 to oneself 独自拥有的，独享的
真题演练：
1.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 6 (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order."
【答案】herself
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：她非常漂亮，并且她的房子就是她的写照，每件东西都摆放整齐，品味也很好。
2.（2021·全国·高三专题练习）Many companies showed interest in hiring Liang, but Liang committed________ (he) to his former job as a teacher in Chongqing Technician College of Railway Transportation, as well as a coach in the Chinese Training Base in Electronics for WSC located in the same school.
【答案】himself
【解析】考查代词。句意：许多公司都有兴趣聘用梁，但梁仍投身于他之前的工作——重庆铁路运输技术学院的一名教师，以及位于同一所学校的WSC中国电子培训基地的一名教练员。结合句意表示“致力于……，投身于……”可知短语为commit oneself to，根据“Liang”以及“his”可知应填反身代词himself。故填himself。
3.（2020·山东卷语法填空）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42． (they) living at a different time in history or 43（walking）(walk)through a rainforest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
4.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）Nervously __facing_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】myself
【解析】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
5.(2019·新课标III卷·短文改错)
In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourself in the historical environment that is created for them.
【答案】yourself改为themselves
【解析】考查代词的用法。customers是句子的主语，故把 yourselves改为 themselves。
(2011安徽卷,22）Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made_____ almost an overcoat for her.
A. them B. her C. itself D. herself
【答案】C
【解析】考查反身代词的用法。句意为“令人惊叹的是，Susan美丽的长发垂到她的膝盖下面，就像一件外套似的。”反身代词itself指的是前面提到的beautiful hair。而them、her和herself指的都是人。人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们
主格
宾格
adj.性物主代词
n.性物主代词
反身代词
1 人称代词***
分类：人称代词分为__________和____________
用法：
人称代词在句中作主语时，用_________；作宾语时，用__________。
在强调句中人称代词的使用据人称代词具体作何成分而定
It was he that helped her yesterday.
It was him that we met at the park.
句中无谓语动词，即谓语动词被省略时，人称代词要用宾格
-I’d like to make a trip to Sichuan.
-Me, too.
当说话者不清楚或没必要指导谈论对象的性别时，可用it来表示。
What a lovely baby! Is it a boy or a girl
注意：代词作同位语
*若代词和名词的指代相同时，常用主格或宾格作同位语，不用物主代词。
单句改错：Our Chinese people are friendly.
（2007 湖南卷）To save class time, our teacher has _________(we) students do half of the exercise in class and complete the other half for homework.
真题演练：
1.【2018·全国I】If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ______a try.
2.【2018·全国III】When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ________(they) alive.
2 物主代词***
分类：_________________和_________________
用法：
adj.性物主代词相当于__________，在句中作名词或v-ing的前置定语，不单独使用；
eg. He is my best friend.
Would you mind my opening the window
n.性物主代词相当于“_____________________”，可单独作主语、表语、宾语，可与of连用作后置定语，但不单独作定语。
真题演练：
1.（2022全国乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony， opening _____ _____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
2.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Ecotourism has 3 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
3.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9 (I).
4.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
5.【2020·海南】Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of_______（we）Further Resources section featured in each volume.
6.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.
7. (2019 广东实验中学高三阶段考) At first she took my hands in __________(she) and listened patiently as I mentioned my worries.
3 反身代词***
注意拼写：表单数的反身代词以________结尾，表复数的反身代词以________结尾
两用法：
用法1 反射：反身代词指代主语，与指代的名词或代词互指关系。
用法2 强调——常做同位语：She did it herself. = She herself did it.
真题演练：
(2018 湖北黄冈高三5月)
Heritage can also be a reminder of the lifestyle of the past. Just look at Vienna’s coffee culture: the award was for what happened there, not for the places ______________(they).
固定短语：
“v.+反身代词” devote oneself to seat oneself
enjoy oneself amuse oneself
help oneself to behave oneself
lose oneself dress oneself
feel oneself boast oneself
express oneself make yourself at home
hide oneself introduce oneself
commit oneself to
“prep.+反身代词” by oneself in oneself
for oneself to oneself
真题演练：
1.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 6 (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order."
2.（2021·全国·高三专题练习）Many companies showed interest in hiring Liang, but Liang committed________ (he) to his former job as a teacher in Chongqing Technician College of Railway Transportation, as well as a coach in the Chinese Training Base in Electronics for WSC located in the same school.
3.（2020·山东卷语法填空）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42． (they) living at a different time in history or 43（walking）(walk)through a rainforest.
4.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）Nervously __facing_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
5.(2019·新课标III卷·短文改错)
In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourself in the historical environment that is created for them.
6. (2011安徽卷,22）Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made_____ almost an overcoat for her.
A. them B. her C. itself D. herself
