2023年高考英语语法知识强化精品课件：主谓一致( 56张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023年高考英语语法知识强化精品课件：主谓一致( 56张ppt) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 965.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-26 16:20:40 | ||
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文档简介
(共56张PPT)
主谓一致
CONTENTS
01 就近一致
02 就远一致
03 意义一致
04 语法一致
05 主谓一致书面表达
06 主谓一致高考真题
PART ONE
01
就近一致
【要点精讲】
并列连词either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but, not only…but also…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
Is either he or you not telling the truth
Not only you but also she is to blame for the traffic accident.
Neither the leader nor the farmers are responsible for the heavy losses.
【即时训练】
1. Not only I but also David and Iris _______ (be) fond of playing basketball.
2._____ (be) either he or you to host the Talent Show in our school this year
3. (2009湖南)Either you or one of your students _______ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
are
Is
is
【要点精讲】
There be句型及The following句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
例1：There is a pencil and two dictionaries on the desk.
例2：There are two dictionaries and a pencil on the desk.
例3：The following is the information about plays which will be on these days.
【即时训练】
4. The following _______ (be) some other examples for you to refer to.
5. There _______(be) millions of websites on the Internet and there _______(be) a lot of useful information on the websites.
6. Between the two rows of trees __________(stand) the newly built teaching building.
are
are
is
stands
PART TWO
02
就远一致
【要点精讲】
主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，along with，together with, as well as, rather than, including, like, but, except，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。
例1：No one but John and his teachers knows the truth of the experiment.
例2：Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to my forty-ninth birthday party last Friday.
例3：Alice, together with her friends, was praised for having won honor for their school.
【即时训练】
7. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last three months.
8. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week.
9. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
has given
was given
is regarded
PART THREE
03
意义一致
【要点精讲】
family, class, committee, team, group, crew, audience等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调成员谓语用复数。
例1：The football team is made up of 23 members.
例2：The football team are taking their training course on the playground.
例3：All the crew are on board except the electrician.
【即时训练】
10. Her family_________ (be) larger than mine and her family __________ (watch) TV now.
11. After hearing his inspiring speech, the audience _____________(move) by his story and his words.
12. The committee _________ (make) up of 20 members, who _________ (be) all experts in medicine.
is
are watching
were moved
is made
are
【要点精讲】
某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, oxen谓语动词必须用复数。
例1：The police are searching the forest for the eight escaped prisoners.
例2：The cattle are rounded up in the evenings every day.
例3：The Chinese people are characterized by modesty.
【即时训练】
13. The police _____________(search) for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
were searching
【要点精讲】
单复数同形的名词(sheep, deer, works, means, species, Chinese, Japanese )等作主语时，谓语动词应根据其意义或限定词决定单、复数。
例1：This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
例2：Such a chemical works is to be closed by the local government next year.
【即时训练】
14. Every possible means ____________(try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
15. All possible means ____________(try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
has been tried
have been tried
【要点精讲】
the + 形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich, the poor, the brave, the injured, the living, the wounded等。
例：The living are trying their best to rescue those trapped in the ruins.
【即时训练】
16. The elderly _____________ (take) good care of in our country at present.
are taken
【要点精讲】
名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用单数。
例19：Eight hours of sleep is enough for a child.
例20：The United Nations was founded on October 24, 1945.
【即时训练】
17. Three years___________(pass) since they met last time, and for them, three years_____(be) really a long time.
18. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
has passed
is
was
PART FOUR
04
语法一致
【要点精讲】
不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
例1：Why he was absent from the meeting yesterday is being questioned.
例2：Planning so far ahead makes no sense----so many things will have changed by next year.
【即时训练】
19. When and where to build the new factory ______________(not, decide) yet.
20. What we need _______ (be) enough water, but what they need _______ (be) houses.
21. (2006天津)What we used to think _______(be) impossible now does seem possible.
22. (2010湖南)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ___________(cause) hearing loss in some teenagers.
isn’t decided /hasn’t been decided
is
are
was
has caused
【要点精讲】
分数,百分数,some ,all, most, the rest等修饰名词时,谓语动词与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。
例1：Most of his income has been spent on books.
例2：What is the population of your country
例3：Seventy percent of the population in that country are still in poverty.
【即时训练】
23. 40% of the population in that country ________(be) young, and two thirds of them _________(not) know how to read and write.
24. (2006浙江)The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third __________ (use) regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
25. (2011湖南) One-third of the country__________(cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens _______ (be) black people.
are
don’t
were used
is covered
are
【要点精讲】
and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或no修饰时， 其谓语要用单数形式。
例1：A cart and horse was seen in the direction of the town.
例2：Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake in the math exam.
【即时训练】
26. Butter and bread ________(be) their daily food, but the bread and the butter __________(eat) up so far.
27. Early to bed and early to rise __________(make) a man healthy, happy and wise.
28. In our country every boy and every girl ________(have) the right to receive education.
29. (2006江苏) A poet and artist _______ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature this afternoon.
is
have been eaten
makes
has
is
【要点精讲】
a large quantity/amount of…作主语，谓语动词用单数；large quantities/amounts of…作主语，谓语动词用复数。
例1：A large amount of money is spent on advertisements every year.
例2：Large amounts of special fuel are needed to launch a rocket into space.
【即时训练】
30. (2005山东)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of earth ________(wash) away each year.
31.(2009福建)---Why does the lake smell terrible
---Because large quantities of water__________ (pollute).
are being washed
have been polluted
【要点精讲】
the number of…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number of表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。
例：The number of the students in Class 7 is 65. And a number of them are keen on reading.
【即时训练】
32.The number of people invited ______ (be) fifty, but a number of them _______(be)absent for different reasons.
33.(2006全国II)As you can see, the number of cars on our roads __________(keep) rising these days.
was
were
keeps
【要点精讲】
one of …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the only one of 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。
例1：Johnson is one of the farmers who live in the valley.
例2：Johnson is the only one of the farmers who lives in the valley.
【即时训练】
34.(2010全国II)Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who________(wear) evening dress.
wears
【要点精讲】
all, both, each, every, either, neither, none等代词作主语，视意思而定。
例1：Each student in Class 29 has at least three dictionaries.
例2：The students each have at least three dictionaries.
例3：All of the money was given to the poor villagers last month.
【即时训练】
35. The summer holiday is coming and we each ______(be) ready for the picnic in the past weeks.
36."All _______ (be) present and all_______ (be) going on well," our head teacher said.
37. It is reported that many a new house_______________(build) at present in the disaster area.
38. (2008陕西) -–Did you go to the show last night
-–Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area___________ (invite).
39. (2012湖南) All the scientific evidence_____(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming _______ (be) damaging our health.
are
are
is
is being built
was invited
shows
is
【要点精讲】
在It is…that…强调句型中也应考虑主谓一致。
例：It was Jim that was praised by the headmaster this morning.
【即时训练】
40. It is I, who _______ (be) your teacher, will try my best to help you out.
am
PART NIGHT
05
时态语态
书面表达
31. (2022全国乙) 结果是说到学英语，学生们喜欢用娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
31. It turns out that students favor the entertaining ways over the traditional ones when it comes to English learning.
32. (2022全国乙) 然而，以我之见，让学生们最受益的是阅读英语书，因为这能够帮助学生深入理解英语这门语言。
32. However, from my point of view, what benefits students most is reading English books, for it can help students gain a deeper understanding of English as a language.
33. (2022全国甲) 保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
33. To protect ocean is to protect ourselves.
34. (2022全国甲) 海洋对于我们人类就像水对于鱼类一样重要。
34. The oceans are to our human beings what water is to fish.
35. (2022全国甲) 世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高我们海洋保护意识。
35. World Ocean Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
36. (2022新高考I) 首先，我们的节目每周工作日下午4：30开始，持续20分钟。这突出校园生活、最新国内国际新闻。
36. First, our programme starts at 4:30 pm every weekday and lasts 20 minutes. It mainly features on campus life and latest domestic and international news.
37. (2022新高考I) 我是李华，负责talk and talk的学生，这是由我们学校广播站组织的栏目。
37. I am Li Hua, a student in charge of the program “talk and talk” launched in the broadcasting station of our school.
38. (2022新高考I) 我谨代表校广播站邀请你担任我们Talk-talk栏目访谈嘉宾。
38. I am writing on behalf of our school radio station to invite you to be our welcome guest in an interview to be launched by Talk-talk.
39. (2021全国乙) 我在这里呼吁的是建立时间表，把线上学习和线下学习结合起来。
39. What I call on here is to set up a timetable and try to combine online study with offline study.
40. (2021新高考I) 自从我订阅你们报纸以来成为忠实的读者。
40. I have been a devoted reader since I subscribed to the newspaper Youth.
PART TEN
06
时态语态
高考真题
1. (2022新高考II) Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
2. (2021北京) As it ____________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
was fixing
connects
3. (2021天津) Currently, about 35,000 works ____________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
4. (2020江苏) If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that _______ (suit) everyone.
are being displayed
suits
5. (2020天津) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and __________(remain) around that level since.
6. (2020全国II)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers __________ (carry) special significance.
has remained
carries
7. (2019全国Ⅰ) Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
8. (2019全国II) I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______ (make) over the years.
are
have made
9. (2019全国III) On the last day of our week-long stay, we __________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
10. (2017全国Ⅰ)When fat and salt__________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
were invited
are removed
感谢观看
主谓一致
CONTENTS
01 就近一致
02 就远一致
03 意义一致
04 语法一致
05 主谓一致书面表达
06 主谓一致高考真题
PART ONE
01
就近一致
【要点精讲】
并列连词either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but, not only…but also…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
Is either he or you not telling the truth
Not only you but also she is to blame for the traffic accident.
Neither the leader nor the farmers are responsible for the heavy losses.
【即时训练】
1. Not only I but also David and Iris _______ (be) fond of playing basketball.
2._____ (be) either he or you to host the Talent Show in our school this year
3. (2009湖南)Either you or one of your students _______ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
are
Is
is
【要点精讲】
There be句型及The following句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
例1：There is a pencil and two dictionaries on the desk.
例2：There are two dictionaries and a pencil on the desk.
例3：The following is the information about plays which will be on these days.
【即时训练】
4. The following _______ (be) some other examples for you to refer to.
5. There _______(be) millions of websites on the Internet and there _______(be) a lot of useful information on the websites.
6. Between the two rows of trees __________(stand) the newly built teaching building.
are
are
is
stands
PART TWO
02
就远一致
【要点精讲】
主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，along with，together with, as well as, rather than, including, like, but, except，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。
例1：No one but John and his teachers knows the truth of the experiment.
例2：Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to my forty-ninth birthday party last Friday.
例3：Alice, together with her friends, was praised for having won honor for their school.
【即时训练】
7. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last three months.
8. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week.
9. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
has given
was given
is regarded
PART THREE
03
意义一致
【要点精讲】
family, class, committee, team, group, crew, audience等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调成员谓语用复数。
例1：The football team is made up of 23 members.
例2：The football team are taking their training course on the playground.
例3：All the crew are on board except the electrician.
【即时训练】
10. Her family_________ (be) larger than mine and her family __________ (watch) TV now.
11. After hearing his inspiring speech, the audience _____________(move) by his story and his words.
12. The committee _________ (make) up of 20 members, who _________ (be) all experts in medicine.
is
are watching
were moved
is made
are
【要点精讲】
某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, oxen谓语动词必须用复数。
例1：The police are searching the forest for the eight escaped prisoners.
例2：The cattle are rounded up in the evenings every day.
例3：The Chinese people are characterized by modesty.
【即时训练】
13. The police _____________(search) for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
were searching
【要点精讲】
单复数同形的名词(sheep, deer, works, means, species, Chinese, Japanese )等作主语时，谓语动词应根据其意义或限定词决定单、复数。
例1：This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
例2：Such a chemical works is to be closed by the local government next year.
【即时训练】
14. Every possible means ____________(try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
15. All possible means ____________(try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
has been tried
have been tried
【要点精讲】
the + 形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich, the poor, the brave, the injured, the living, the wounded等。
例：The living are trying their best to rescue those trapped in the ruins.
【即时训练】
16. The elderly _____________ (take) good care of in our country at present.
are taken
【要点精讲】
名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用单数。
例19：Eight hours of sleep is enough for a child.
例20：The United Nations was founded on October 24, 1945.
【即时训练】
17. Three years___________(pass) since they met last time, and for them, three years_____(be) really a long time.
18. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
has passed
is
was
PART FOUR
04
语法一致
【要点精讲】
不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
例1：Why he was absent from the meeting yesterday is being questioned.
例2：Planning so far ahead makes no sense----so many things will have changed by next year.
【即时训练】
19. When and where to build the new factory ______________(not, decide) yet.
20. What we need _______ (be) enough water, but what they need _______ (be) houses.
21. (2006天津)What we used to think _______(be) impossible now does seem possible.
22. (2010湖南)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ___________(cause) hearing loss in some teenagers.
isn’t decided /hasn’t been decided
is
are
was
has caused
【要点精讲】
分数,百分数,some ,all, most, the rest等修饰名词时,谓语动词与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。
例1：Most of his income has been spent on books.
例2：What is the population of your country
例3：Seventy percent of the population in that country are still in poverty.
【即时训练】
23. 40% of the population in that country ________(be) young, and two thirds of them _________(not) know how to read and write.
24. (2006浙江)The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third __________ (use) regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
25. (2011湖南) One-third of the country__________(cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens _______ (be) black people.
are
don’t
were used
is covered
are
【要点精讲】
and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或no修饰时， 其谓语要用单数形式。
例1：A cart and horse was seen in the direction of the town.
例2：Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake in the math exam.
【即时训练】
26. Butter and bread ________(be) their daily food, but the bread and the butter __________(eat) up so far.
27. Early to bed and early to rise __________(make) a man healthy, happy and wise.
28. In our country every boy and every girl ________(have) the right to receive education.
29. (2006江苏) A poet and artist _______ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature this afternoon.
is
have been eaten
makes
has
is
【要点精讲】
a large quantity/amount of…作主语，谓语动词用单数；large quantities/amounts of…作主语，谓语动词用复数。
例1：A large amount of money is spent on advertisements every year.
例2：Large amounts of special fuel are needed to launch a rocket into space.
【即时训练】
30. (2005山东)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of earth ________(wash) away each year.
31.(2009福建)---Why does the lake smell terrible
---Because large quantities of water__________ (pollute).
are being washed
have been polluted
【要点精讲】
the number of…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number of表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。
例：The number of the students in Class 7 is 65. And a number of them are keen on reading.
【即时训练】
32.The number of people invited ______ (be) fifty, but a number of them _______(be)absent for different reasons.
33.(2006全国II)As you can see, the number of cars on our roads __________(keep) rising these days.
was
were
keeps
【要点精讲】
one of …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the only one of 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。
例1：Johnson is one of the farmers who live in the valley.
例2：Johnson is the only one of the farmers who lives in the valley.
【即时训练】
34.(2010全国II)Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who________(wear) evening dress.
wears
【要点精讲】
all, both, each, every, either, neither, none等代词作主语，视意思而定。
例1：Each student in Class 29 has at least three dictionaries.
例2：The students each have at least three dictionaries.
例3：All of the money was given to the poor villagers last month.
【即时训练】
35. The summer holiday is coming and we each ______(be) ready for the picnic in the past weeks.
36."All _______ (be) present and all_______ (be) going on well," our head teacher said.
37. It is reported that many a new house_______________(build) at present in the disaster area.
38. (2008陕西) -–Did you go to the show last night
-–Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area___________ (invite).
39. (2012湖南) All the scientific evidence_____(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming _______ (be) damaging our health.
are
are
is
is being built
was invited
shows
is
【要点精讲】
在It is…that…强调句型中也应考虑主谓一致。
例：It was Jim that was praised by the headmaster this morning.
【即时训练】
40. It is I, who _______ (be) your teacher, will try my best to help you out.
am
PART NIGHT
05
时态语态
书面表达
31. (2022全国乙) 结果是说到学英语，学生们喜欢用娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
31. It turns out that students favor the entertaining ways over the traditional ones when it comes to English learning.
32. (2022全国乙) 然而，以我之见，让学生们最受益的是阅读英语书，因为这能够帮助学生深入理解英语这门语言。
32. However, from my point of view, what benefits students most is reading English books, for it can help students gain a deeper understanding of English as a language.
33. (2022全国甲) 保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
33. To protect ocean is to protect ourselves.
34. (2022全国甲) 海洋对于我们人类就像水对于鱼类一样重要。
34. The oceans are to our human beings what water is to fish.
35. (2022全国甲) 世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高我们海洋保护意识。
35. World Ocean Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
36. (2022新高考I) 首先，我们的节目每周工作日下午4：30开始，持续20分钟。这突出校园生活、最新国内国际新闻。
36. First, our programme starts at 4:30 pm every weekday and lasts 20 minutes. It mainly features on campus life and latest domestic and international news.
37. (2022新高考I) 我是李华，负责talk and talk的学生，这是由我们学校广播站组织的栏目。
37. I am Li Hua, a student in charge of the program “talk and talk” launched in the broadcasting station of our school.
38. (2022新高考I) 我谨代表校广播站邀请你担任我们Talk-talk栏目访谈嘉宾。
38. I am writing on behalf of our school radio station to invite you to be our welcome guest in an interview to be launched by Talk-talk.
39. (2021全国乙) 我在这里呼吁的是建立时间表，把线上学习和线下学习结合起来。
39. What I call on here is to set up a timetable and try to combine online study with offline study.
40. (2021新高考I) 自从我订阅你们报纸以来成为忠实的读者。
40. I have been a devoted reader since I subscribed to the newspaper Youth.
PART TEN
06
时态语态
高考真题
1. (2022新高考II) Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
2. (2021北京) As it ____________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
was fixing
connects
3. (2021天津) Currently, about 35,000 works ____________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
4. (2020江苏) If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that _______ (suit) everyone.
are being displayed
suits
5. (2020天津) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and __________(remain) around that level since.
6. (2020全国II)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers __________ (carry) special significance.
has remained
carries
7. (2019全国Ⅰ) Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
8. (2019全国II) I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______ (make) over the years.
are
have made
9. (2019全国III) On the last day of our week-long stay, we __________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
10. (2017全国Ⅰ)When fat and salt__________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
were invited
are removed
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