2023年高考英语二轮专题语法知识强化精品课件：定语从句 （45张）
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| 名称 | 2023年高考英语二轮专题语法知识强化精品课件：定语从句 （45张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-26 16:21:32 | ||
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(共49张PPT)
定语从句
CONTENTS
01 关系代词that和which
02 关系代词whose
03 where/when/why
04 关系代词as
05 “介词+关系代词”
06 主谓一致
07 分割型定语从句
08 定语从句书面表达
09 定语从句高考真题
PART ONE
01
关系代词that和which
【要点精讲】
1.that用作关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语、宾语，有时作表语；
2.that用作关系副词，作方式状语（相当于in which，可以省略），先行词是the way。
3.只用that不用which的场合：
①先行词既为人又为物时；
②先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时；
③先行词all, much, little, everything, nothing. anything等不定代词时；
④先行词被only, very, little, all等修饰时。
【即时训练】
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.
2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.
3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.
4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.
5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.
6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.
7. (2018全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
that
that
that
that
that
that
that/which
【要点精讲】
1.which用作关系代词，指物；在句中作主语、宾语；
2.只用which不用that的场合：
①引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，前边有逗号为标志；
②用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which, both of which等。
【即时训练】
8. (2020江苏) Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
9. (2018北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
10. (2017北京)The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
11. (2017全国III) But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
which
which
that/which
who
PART TWO
02
关系代词whose
【要点精讲】
1. whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物；
2.有时用于“介词+whose+名词”结构；
3.whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+ the +名词。
【即时训练】
12.【2018天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
13.(2017江苏)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
14. He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south/ _____ ________ the window faces the south.
15. This is Mr Green, ________ ___________ help I’ve made great progress in English.
whose
whose
whose
of which
with whose
PART THREE
03
where/when/why
【要点精讲】
1.where用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语。
2.先行词既可以是具体地点名词，如school, museum, centre。
3.还可以是抽象名词，如point, case, situation, stage, race, position, job等（热点，须牢记）
【即时训练】
16. (2018江苏) Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world
are on the same starting line.
17. We’re just trying to reach a point _________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
18. Remember that there is still one point _______ we must make clear tomorrow.
19. Today, we’ll discuss some cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
20. He wrote a letter __________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
where
where
that/which
where
where
【要点精讲】
1.when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状。
2.先行词是具体时间名词，如day, month, yea。
3.还可以是抽象名词，如age, stay, occasion等。
【即时训练】
21. I will never forget the months ________I spent with my cousin in Beijing.
22. People are living in an age ________many jobs are done on computer.
23. The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
24. She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who went missing two years before.
that/which
when
when
when
【要点精讲】
1.why用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状。
2.why还可以用于The reason why…is that…句型。
【即时训练】
25. Do you know the reason _______Jim failed to come today
26. The reason _________Jim failed to come was ________he was seriously ill.
why
why
that
PART FOUR
04
关系代词as
【要点精讲】
1.用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，作从句的主语、宾。
2.用于such…as…, so…as…, the same…as…句型
3.(注意the same…as…强调“和……是同一类”；the same…that…强调“和……是同一个”)。
【即时训练】
34. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit.
35. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit it.
36. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work out.
37. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work it out.
38. My pen is missing. I’d like to buy the same pen _______I lost.
39. Jenny is so happy, for she has found the same pen ______ she lost yesterday.
as
that
so
so
so
that
as
that
【要点精讲】
1.as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从。
2.位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。
3.从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词；
4.which和as用法区别：
①位置上：which从句只能位于主句之后，as从句位于主句的前中后；
②逻辑上：which强调前后不一；as强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”；
③句式上：which多用于“which+动词+宾语”句型；
as多用于as we all know/see, as is often the case with sb等句型。
【即时训练】
40. He failed in the driving test again, _________surprised us all.
41. He failed in the driving test again, _________we had expected.
42. _________ is often the case with Jim, he was fined for speeding.
43. _______ is known to everybody, light travels faster than sound.
44. The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
which
as
As
As
as
PART FIVE
05
“介词+关系代词”
【要点精讲】
1.先行词指人关系代词用whom，指物关系代词用which；
2.介词选择的原则：
一看先行词词特殊要求，如to a degree；
二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learn from；
三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。
【即时训练】
45. Do you remember the day we first met
46. Do you remember the month we first met
47. This is the skirt she paid $100.
48. This is the skirt she spent $100.
49. This is my English teacher, I’ve learned a lot.
50. This is my English teacher, help I couldn’t have made such rapid progress.
on which
in which
for which
on which
from whom
without whose
PART SIX
06
主谓一致
【要点精讲】
先行词作主语，that/which/who从句谓语动词和主语保持一致。
1. 先行词是one of…结构，定语从句谓语用复数
2.先行词是the only /very one of…，定语从句谓语用单数。
【即时训练】
51. Anyone who ___________(want) to see the film should put up your hands.
52. I, who __________(be) your friend, can understand you.
53. He is one of the students who ________ (praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
54. He is the only one of the students who ______________(praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
but
wants
am
were praised
was praised
PART SEVEN
07
分割型定语从句
【要点精讲】
1.先行词与定语从句分隔开构成“分割型”定语从句。
2.定语从句与强调句型相结合考查。
3.定语从句在阅读理解和完形填空中多起干扰作。。
4.注意用括号法快速识别达到化繁为简目的。
【即时训练】
55. Occasions are quite rare_________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
56. It was in the backyard ________ my father planted many vegetables ________ he dug up a statue.
57. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.
58. He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _______ were translated into foreign languages.
59. A new school will be built in _________is a bankrupt factory now.
60. A new school will be built _________there is a bankrupt factory now.
when
where
that
which
them
what
where
PART EIGHT
08
定语从句
书面表达
31. (2022甲) 设立“世界海洋日”是为了提高保护海洋意识，在全球生态系统中发挥至关重要作用。
31. World Oceans Day was set up to raise awareness of protecting the oceans, which play a crucial part in global ecosystem.
32. (2022新高考I) 这是一个很不错栏目，你可以在这里和学生分享自己的想法。
32. This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students.
33. (2022甲) 面临互联网各种各样信息，我们不能分辨真假，这对于我们的学习和生活非常有害。
33. Faced with all kinds of information on the internet, we can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life.
34. (2021乙) 首先，我们最好在家遵循学校时间表，这肯定会有助于我们学习效率。
34. First of all, we'd better obey our school timetable at home, which will surely contribute to our learning productivity.
35. (2021新高考I) 该报纸推崇很多栏目，其中中国文化是我最喜欢的。
35. The newspaper boasts a variety of columns, of which Chinese culture is my favorite.
36. (2021新高考I) 我感到郁闷时，我会选择阅读小说中含有很多想象情节部分。
36. When feeling depressed, I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories.
37. (2021北京) 我被告知去乡下看望生病的爷爷，他突然住院了。
37. I’ve just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather in the countryside, who was suddenly admitted to the hospital.
38. (2021浙江) 多数学生看好这次展览，这提供一个平台让他们了解中国之美，体验中国艺术的魅力。
38. Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.
39. (2020全国I) 就我来说，我爸爸是我最崇拜的人。
39. As for me, my father is the person I respect most.
40. (2020全国II) 我们先采摘那些色彩鲜艳的桃子，然后摘那些成熟柔软的桃子。
40. We first picked the peaches that were most beautiful in color, then those that were ripe and soft.
PART NIGHT
09
定语从句
高考真题
1. (2022全国甲) On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
2. (2022新高考I) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
who
that
3. (2021天津) William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them.
4. (2021天津) At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
which
where
5. (2020全国Ⅲ) In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.
6. (2020江苏) If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that _______ (suit) everyone.
whose
suits
7. (2019天津) Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
8. (2019全国II) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _________ she opened with her late husband Les.
where
which
9. (2019全国III) They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.
10. (2019浙江) On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.
who
that/which
感谢观看
定语从句
CONTENTS
01 关系代词that和which
02 关系代词whose
03 where/when/why
04 关系代词as
05 “介词+关系代词”
06 主谓一致
07 分割型定语从句
08 定语从句书面表达
09 定语从句高考真题
PART ONE
01
关系代词that和which
【要点精讲】
1.that用作关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语、宾语，有时作表语；
2.that用作关系副词，作方式状语（相当于in which，可以省略），先行词是the way。
3.只用that不用which的场合：
①先行词既为人又为物时；
②先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时；
③先行词all, much, little, everything, nothing. anything等不定代词时；
④先行词被only, very, little, all等修饰时。
【即时训练】
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.
2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.
3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.
4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.
5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.
6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.
7. (2018全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
that
that
that
that
that
that
that/which
【要点精讲】
1.which用作关系代词，指物；在句中作主语、宾语；
2.只用which不用that的场合：
①引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，前边有逗号为标志；
②用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which, both of which等。
【即时训练】
8. (2020江苏) Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
9. (2018北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
10. (2017北京)The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
11. (2017全国III) But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
which
which
that/which
who
PART TWO
02
关系代词whose
【要点精讲】
1. whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物；
2.有时用于“介词+whose+名词”结构；
3.whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+ the +名词。
【即时训练】
12.【2018天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
13.(2017江苏)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
14. He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south/ _____ ________ the window faces the south.
15. This is Mr Green, ________ ___________ help I’ve made great progress in English.
whose
whose
whose
of which
with whose
PART THREE
03
where/when/why
【要点精讲】
1.where用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语。
2.先行词既可以是具体地点名词，如school, museum, centre。
3.还可以是抽象名词，如point, case, situation, stage, race, position, job等（热点，须牢记）
【即时训练】
16. (2018江苏) Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world
are on the same starting line.
17. We’re just trying to reach a point _________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
18. Remember that there is still one point _______ we must make clear tomorrow.
19. Today, we’ll discuss some cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
20. He wrote a letter __________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
where
where
that/which
where
where
【要点精讲】
1.when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状。
2.先行词是具体时间名词，如day, month, yea。
3.还可以是抽象名词，如age, stay, occasion等。
【即时训练】
21. I will never forget the months ________I spent with my cousin in Beijing.
22. People are living in an age ________many jobs are done on computer.
23. The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
24. She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who went missing two years before.
that/which
when
when
when
【要点精讲】
1.why用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状。
2.why还可以用于The reason why…is that…句型。
【即时训练】
25. Do you know the reason _______Jim failed to come today
26. The reason _________Jim failed to come was ________he was seriously ill.
why
why
that
PART FOUR
04
关系代词as
【要点精讲】
1.用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，作从句的主语、宾。
2.用于such…as…, so…as…, the same…as…句型
3.(注意the same…as…强调“和……是同一类”；the same…that…强调“和……是同一个”)。
【即时训练】
34. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit.
35. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit it.
36. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work out.
37. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work it out.
38. My pen is missing. I’d like to buy the same pen _______I lost.
39. Jenny is so happy, for she has found the same pen ______ she lost yesterday.
as
that
so
so
so
that
as
that
【要点精讲】
1.as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从。
2.位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。
3.从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词；
4.which和as用法区别：
①位置上：which从句只能位于主句之后，as从句位于主句的前中后；
②逻辑上：which强调前后不一；as强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”；
③句式上：which多用于“which+动词+宾语”句型；
as多用于as we all know/see, as is often the case with sb等句型。
【即时训练】
40. He failed in the driving test again, _________surprised us all.
41. He failed in the driving test again, _________we had expected.
42. _________ is often the case with Jim, he was fined for speeding.
43. _______ is known to everybody, light travels faster than sound.
44. The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
which
as
As
As
as
PART FIVE
05
“介词+关系代词”
【要点精讲】
1.先行词指人关系代词用whom，指物关系代词用which；
2.介词选择的原则：
一看先行词词特殊要求，如to a degree；
二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learn from；
三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。
【即时训练】
45. Do you remember the day we first met
46. Do you remember the month we first met
47. This is the skirt she paid $100.
48. This is the skirt she spent $100.
49. This is my English teacher, I’ve learned a lot.
50. This is my English teacher, help I couldn’t have made such rapid progress.
on which
in which
for which
on which
from whom
without whose
PART SIX
06
主谓一致
【要点精讲】
先行词作主语，that/which/who从句谓语动词和主语保持一致。
1. 先行词是one of…结构，定语从句谓语用复数
2.先行词是the only /very one of…，定语从句谓语用单数。
【即时训练】
51. Anyone who ___________(want) to see the film should put up your hands.
52. I, who __________(be) your friend, can understand you.
53. He is one of the students who ________ (praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
54. He is the only one of the students who ______________(praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
but
wants
am
were praised
was praised
PART SEVEN
07
分割型定语从句
【要点精讲】
1.先行词与定语从句分隔开构成“分割型”定语从句。
2.定语从句与强调句型相结合考查。
3.定语从句在阅读理解和完形填空中多起干扰作。。
4.注意用括号法快速识别达到化繁为简目的。
【即时训练】
55. Occasions are quite rare_________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
56. It was in the backyard ________ my father planted many vegetables ________ he dug up a statue.
57. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.
58. He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _______ were translated into foreign languages.
59. A new school will be built in _________is a bankrupt factory now.
60. A new school will be built _________there is a bankrupt factory now.
when
where
that
which
them
what
where
PART EIGHT
08
定语从句
书面表达
31. (2022甲) 设立“世界海洋日”是为了提高保护海洋意识，在全球生态系统中发挥至关重要作用。
31. World Oceans Day was set up to raise awareness of protecting the oceans, which play a crucial part in global ecosystem.
32. (2022新高考I) 这是一个很不错栏目，你可以在这里和学生分享自己的想法。
32. This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students.
33. (2022甲) 面临互联网各种各样信息，我们不能分辨真假，这对于我们的学习和生活非常有害。
33. Faced with all kinds of information on the internet, we can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life.
34. (2021乙) 首先，我们最好在家遵循学校时间表，这肯定会有助于我们学习效率。
34. First of all, we'd better obey our school timetable at home, which will surely contribute to our learning productivity.
35. (2021新高考I) 该报纸推崇很多栏目，其中中国文化是我最喜欢的。
35. The newspaper boasts a variety of columns, of which Chinese culture is my favorite.
36. (2021新高考I) 我感到郁闷时，我会选择阅读小说中含有很多想象情节部分。
36. When feeling depressed, I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories.
37. (2021北京) 我被告知去乡下看望生病的爷爷，他突然住院了。
37. I’ve just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather in the countryside, who was suddenly admitted to the hospital.
38. (2021浙江) 多数学生看好这次展览，这提供一个平台让他们了解中国之美，体验中国艺术的魅力。
38. Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.
39. (2020全国I) 就我来说，我爸爸是我最崇拜的人。
39. As for me, my father is the person I respect most.
40. (2020全国II) 我们先采摘那些色彩鲜艳的桃子，然后摘那些成熟柔软的桃子。
40. We first picked the peaches that were most beautiful in color, then those that were ripe and soft.
PART NIGHT
09
定语从句
高考真题
1. (2022全国甲) On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
2. (2022新高考I) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
who
that
3. (2021天津) William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them.
4. (2021天津) At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
which
where
5. (2020全国Ⅲ) In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.
6. (2020江苏) If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that _______ (suit) everyone.
whose
suits
7. (2019天津) Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
8. (2019全国II) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _________ she opened with her late husband Les.
where
which
9. (2019全国III) They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.
10. (2019浙江) On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.
who
that/which
感谢观看