2023届高三英语二轮复习：阅读七选五答题技巧及高考真题解析 讲义（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语二轮复习：阅读七选五答题技巧及高考真题解析 讲义（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 22.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-26 18:11:46 | ||
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七选五解题技巧，轻松锁定正确答案
题型解读
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读七选五解题的关键，英语的语篇(discourse)通常是由句子和语段《sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的语言片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的“积句成章，积章成篇”就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落(paragraph)是在某些语体(如记叙文、议论文)中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成，构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词、逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
应试技巧
技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空格前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。
因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as a result结果，thus'therefore因此，5o(such)..that如此……以至于等。
技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系
转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。
表示转折关系的连接词有：However 然而，neverntheless仍然、然而、不过，nonetheless尽管如此、依然、然而，stll还、然而，though可是、不过、然而，yet然而，in spite of不顾、不管，at any rate无论如何、至少，in any case无论如何、不管怎样，whoever无论是谁，whatever无论什么，on the contrary正相反，in contrast与此相反、相比之下，by contrast相反、相比之下，in comparison比较起来、比较地，by comparison相比之下，conversely相反(地)，otherwise否则、除此以外，not..but不是……而是，aswell也等，
技巧三，从细节逻缉上判断——例证关系
前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象(例子、类比等)和抽象(观点)的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳(从例子到观点)和推理《从观点到例子)。
技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系
递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。
表示递进关系的连词有：also也、而且，further另外(的)，furthermore 而且、此外，likewise同样地、照样地、也、又，similarly相似地、类似地，moreover而且再者、此外，in addition另外、加之，what's more更重要的是，too也、还，either也，neither两者都不，not only.. but also不但……而且等。
技巧五：从细节逻辑上判断——平列关系
表示列举关系的有：first首先、第一、second第二、third第三：firstly第一、首先，secondly第二(点)、其次，thirdly第三：first第一，next其次，then那么、然后；inthe first place第一、首先，in the second place第二、其次：for one thing首先、一则，foranother thing其次：to begin with首先、第一，to conclude总之等。
技巧六：从词汇线索上判断——代词
英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
技巧七：从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词
英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。
技巧八：从词汇线索上判断——上下义词/同一范畴词
上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。
技巧九：从试题位置上判断——问题在段首
假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案与空格后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段。
技巧十：从试题位置上判断——问题在段尾
所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看与选项能否紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折还是对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus,hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
下面以2019年全国1卷中的七选五为例
第一步：先快速浏览文章标题和中文提示词，判断文体。
2019年全国1卷七选五正文
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up bearing people tell us to” go out and get some fresh air" 36
According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is
good.
37 If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from
the smog of cities — then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out
of doors,your body will leam to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your
muscles (肌肉) and your brain
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing
（治愈）.38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It
tums out that just looking at green, growing things can redace stress, lower blood pressure, and
put people into a better mood (情绪) . Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree
branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or
sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin,they also give us beneficial
Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D —but still protect your skin—put on
sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and
that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D. 知乎@黄一团
2019年全国英语1卷七选五
标题：Is Fresh Air Really Good for You —般疑问句。关键词：fresh air
中文提示词：muscles(肌肉)，healing(治愈），mood（情绪），都是和健康有关系的词。
段落：4个，初步断定是总分结构
文体判断：断定是说明文，主题是关于freshair与健康。
所用时间：30秒。
第二步：再看选项，划出句子主干，名词和动词。（句子意思看不懂无所谓）
A. Fresh air cleans our hungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
选项A:Fresh air cleans our lungs.猜测句意：新鲜空气清理我们的lungs.
选项B.So what are you waiting for 猜测句意：所以你在等什么？（特殊疑问句）
so这样的逻辑关系词非常重要，表示上下文的因果关系。可能要用到解题技巧：逻辑一致。
选项C.Being in nature refreshes us.猜测句意：在自然里refreshes我们。
选项D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
猜测句意：得到新鲜空气的Another sidebenefit是阳光。
选项E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said (一般疑问句）猜测句意：但是（转折），新鲜空气真的好吗，像你妈妈说的那样？
选项F.Just as importantly, we tend to
associate fresh air with health care.
猜测句意：重要的是，我们tend to associate新鲜空气和健康呵护.
选项G.All across the country, recovery
centers have begun building HealingGardens.
猜测句意：All across the country, recoverycenters（中心）已经开始修建Healing花园.
注意：healing在文章中有给出中文提示。
所用时间：3分钟。
第三步：阅读文章片段，运用技巧，按照先易后难的方法来逐一攻克。
解题顺序：标题句，逗号句，段直句，段中句，段末句。
先易后难的顺序：37，40是段首句，36，38，39是段中句。先解决37和40.
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to”go out and get some fresh air " 36
According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is
good.
37 If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from
the smog of cities — then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out
of doors, your body will leam to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your
muscles(肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing
（治愈）. 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their rec overy. It
tums out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and
put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree
branches out their window are lilkely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or
sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin,they also give us beneficial
Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D— but still protect your skin — put on
sunsereen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and
that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D. 知乎@黄一团
37题：先看空格后一句，If the air you're
breathing is clean — which it would be ifyou're away from the smog of cities —then the air is filled with life-giving,
energizing oxygen.居中出现the air 和clean，后面内容看不懂。回顾刚刚选项A中既提到fresh air还提到clean，那就可以运用技巧：同词复现。确定选A。
40题：先看空格后一句，While the sun's
rays can age and harm our skin, they also
give us beneficial Vitamin D.幸运的是，这句话有the sun's ray，还有beneficial，和选项
D.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is
sunlight一般两句话有两处相同，那就可以运用技巧：同词复现。确定选D。
解决完段首句，继续解决段中句。
36题：先看空格前一句，We all grew up
hearing people tell us to " go out and get
some fresh air"。大概能看懂，我们长大，听人们告诉我们，去外面呼吸下新鲜空气。再看后一句，According to recent studies, the
answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your
camping area is good.其中，the answer is a big YES。回答是个大大的YES。立马想到两个疑问句，B和E。一般疑问句的回答才是yes或者no。确定选B。这里的解题技巧：句式一致。
38题：先看空格前一句，Recently,people
have begun studying the connection
between the natural world and healing(治愈).大概意思，人们开始研究the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈）。注意中文提示词healina（治愈）、貌似
选项G也有这个词。重点天注选项G。再看空格后一句，In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.注意里面的代词in these places(在这些地方中)，G选项刚好有个Healing花园，正是个地方。确定选G。这里的技巧是指代一致。
39题：先看空格前一句，Hospital patients
who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
基本看不懂。没办法，再看看空格后一句，Itgives us a great feeling of peace.它给我们美好的平和的感觉。这里有个代词it.知道前面的名词或提到的事物。到这里，看看选项，只剩下C和F。C中有提到大自然refresh us，感觉是件好事。而且，大自然只有一个，对应it，所以偏向于选C。选项F.Just as importantly,
we tend to associate fresh air with health
care.句末提到两个东西，可是it是单数的，排除F。确定选C。解题技巧：指代一致。
所用时间：5分钟。
时间总计：8分钟30秒。
题型解读
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读七选五解题的关键，英语的语篇(discourse)通常是由句子和语段《sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的语言片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的“积句成章，积章成篇”就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落(paragraph)是在某些语体(如记叙文、议论文)中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成，构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词、逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
应试技巧
技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空格前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。
因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as a result结果，thus'therefore因此，5o(such)..that如此……以至于等。
技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系
转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。
表示转折关系的连接词有：However 然而，neverntheless仍然、然而、不过，nonetheless尽管如此、依然、然而，stll还、然而，though可是、不过、然而，yet然而，in spite of不顾、不管，at any rate无论如何、至少，in any case无论如何、不管怎样，whoever无论是谁，whatever无论什么，on the contrary正相反，in contrast与此相反、相比之下，by contrast相反、相比之下，in comparison比较起来、比较地，by comparison相比之下，conversely相反(地)，otherwise否则、除此以外，not..but不是……而是，aswell也等，
技巧三，从细节逻缉上判断——例证关系
前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象(例子、类比等)和抽象(观点)的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳(从例子到观点)和推理《从观点到例子)。
技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系
递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。
表示递进关系的连词有：also也、而且，further另外(的)，furthermore 而且、此外，likewise同样地、照样地、也、又，similarly相似地、类似地，moreover而且再者、此外，in addition另外、加之，what's more更重要的是，too也、还，either也，neither两者都不，not only.. but also不但……而且等。
技巧五：从细节逻辑上判断——平列关系
表示列举关系的有：first首先、第一、second第二、third第三：firstly第一、首先，secondly第二(点)、其次，thirdly第三：first第一，next其次，then那么、然后；inthe first place第一、首先，in the second place第二、其次：for one thing首先、一则，foranother thing其次：to begin with首先、第一，to conclude总之等。
技巧六：从词汇线索上判断——代词
英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
技巧七：从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词
英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。
技巧八：从词汇线索上判断——上下义词/同一范畴词
上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。
技巧九：从试题位置上判断——问题在段首
假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案与空格后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段。
技巧十：从试题位置上判断——问题在段尾
所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看与选项能否紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折还是对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus,hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
下面以2019年全国1卷中的七选五为例
第一步：先快速浏览文章标题和中文提示词，判断文体。
2019年全国1卷七选五正文
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up bearing people tell us to” go out and get some fresh air" 36
According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is
good.
37 If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from
the smog of cities — then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out
of doors,your body will leam to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your
muscles (肌肉) and your brain
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing
（治愈）.38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It
tums out that just looking at green, growing things can redace stress, lower blood pressure, and
put people into a better mood (情绪) . Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree
branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or
sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin,they also give us beneficial
Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D —but still protect your skin—put on
sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and
that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D. 知乎@黄一团
2019年全国英语1卷七选五
标题：Is Fresh Air Really Good for You —般疑问句。关键词：fresh air
中文提示词：muscles(肌肉)，healing(治愈），mood（情绪），都是和健康有关系的词。
段落：4个，初步断定是总分结构
文体判断：断定是说明文，主题是关于freshair与健康。
所用时间：30秒。
第二步：再看选项，划出句子主干，名词和动词。（句子意思看不懂无所谓）
A. Fresh air cleans our hungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
选项A:Fresh air cleans our lungs.猜测句意：新鲜空气清理我们的lungs.
选项B.So what are you waiting for 猜测句意：所以你在等什么？（特殊疑问句）
so这样的逻辑关系词非常重要，表示上下文的因果关系。可能要用到解题技巧：逻辑一致。
选项C.Being in nature refreshes us.猜测句意：在自然里refreshes我们。
选项D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
猜测句意：得到新鲜空气的Another sidebenefit是阳光。
选项E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said (一般疑问句）猜测句意：但是（转折），新鲜空气真的好吗，像你妈妈说的那样？
选项F.Just as importantly, we tend to
associate fresh air with health care.
猜测句意：重要的是，我们tend to associate新鲜空气和健康呵护.
选项G.All across the country, recovery
centers have begun building HealingGardens.
猜测句意：All across the country, recoverycenters（中心）已经开始修建Healing花园.
注意：healing在文章中有给出中文提示。
所用时间：3分钟。
第三步：阅读文章片段，运用技巧，按照先易后难的方法来逐一攻克。
解题顺序：标题句，逗号句，段直句，段中句，段末句。
先易后难的顺序：37，40是段首句，36，38，39是段中句。先解决37和40.
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to”go out and get some fresh air " 36
According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is
good.
37 If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from
the smog of cities — then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out
of doors, your body will leam to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your
muscles(肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing
（治愈）. 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their rec overy. It
tums out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and
put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree
branches out their window are lilkely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or
sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin,they also give us beneficial
Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D— but still protect your skin — put on
sunsereen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and
that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D. 知乎@黄一团
37题：先看空格后一句，If the air you're
breathing is clean — which it would be ifyou're away from the smog of cities —then the air is filled with life-giving,
energizing oxygen.居中出现the air 和clean，后面内容看不懂。回顾刚刚选项A中既提到fresh air还提到clean，那就可以运用技巧：同词复现。确定选A。
40题：先看空格后一句，While the sun's
rays can age and harm our skin, they also
give us beneficial Vitamin D.幸运的是，这句话有the sun's ray，还有beneficial，和选项
D.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is
sunlight一般两句话有两处相同，那就可以运用技巧：同词复现。确定选D。
解决完段首句，继续解决段中句。
36题：先看空格前一句，We all grew up
hearing people tell us to " go out and get
some fresh air"。大概能看懂，我们长大，听人们告诉我们，去外面呼吸下新鲜空气。再看后一句，According to recent studies, the
answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your
camping area is good.其中，the answer is a big YES。回答是个大大的YES。立马想到两个疑问句，B和E。一般疑问句的回答才是yes或者no。确定选B。这里的解题技巧：句式一致。
38题：先看空格前一句，Recently,people
have begun studying the connection
between the natural world and healing(治愈).大概意思，人们开始研究the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈）。注意中文提示词healina（治愈）、貌似
选项G也有这个词。重点天注选项G。再看空格后一句，In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.注意里面的代词in these places(在这些地方中)，G选项刚好有个Healing花园，正是个地方。确定选G。这里的技巧是指代一致。
39题：先看空格前一句，Hospital patients
who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
基本看不懂。没办法，再看看空格后一句，Itgives us a great feeling of peace.它给我们美好的平和的感觉。这里有个代词it.知道前面的名词或提到的事物。到这里，看看选项，只剩下C和F。C中有提到大自然refresh us，感觉是件好事。而且，大自然只有一个，对应it，所以偏向于选C。选项F.Just as importantly,
we tend to associate fresh air with health
care.句末提到两个东西，可是it是单数的，排除F。确定选C。解题技巧：指代一致。
所用时间：5分钟。
时间总计：8分钟30秒。