外研版（2019） 选择性必修第三册 Unit 5 Learning from Nature 单词课堂课件 (26张ppt)

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A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
教材版本：新外研
册别单元：选择性必修三 Unit 5
本单元词汇梳理
1. architect archi- (chief 主要的) + -tect (builder 建造者) → 主要的建造者 → 建筑师 ；派生词：architecture
2. plumbing plumb (n 铅) + -ing (集合名词后缀)。因过去自来水管多为铅管，因此引申词义“管道系统”。
3. superb 近义词：excellent
4. dioxide di- (二) + oxide (氧化物)；词块：carbon dioxide (CO2)
5. convert con- (共同) + vert (to turn 转) → 共同转 → 转换
词块：convert … into
6. frontier front (adj 前面的) + -ier (名词后缀)，词源义为“前线部队、边疆”
词块：the frontier, push back the frontiers of science
reject
构词：re- (back 往回) + ject (to throw 扔) → 往回扔 → 拒绝
想一想，你还学过哪些由ject词根构成的单词？
object:
subject
ob- (against) + ject (to throw)
→ 扔在对面的物体 → 目标、物体
→ 扔下去让人讨论 → 主题、话题
sub- (under) + ject (to throw)
reject vt
拒绝；排斥 反 accept；抛弃：
reject an argument / a claim / an offer
I’ve been rejected by all the universities I applied to.
冷落；嫌弃；厌弃
rejection n [U] & [C] 拒绝；拒绝接受；否决：
I’ve applied for ten jobs, but all I’ve got is rejections / rejection letters.
1. 从语气上看：refuse 属普通用词；reject 则多用于较正式的场合。
2. 从意思上看：refuse 表示“拒绝”，强调态度的肯定和坚决；reject 则强调“摈弃”“不采用”或“不使用”。
They refused him a visa.
They rejected all the bad apples.
注：若不严格区分，有时（如表示拒绝接受时）两者也可换用。如：
He refused / rejected her offer of help.
The editors refused / rejected this article.
reject vs refuse
将句子译成英语。
我轻而易举地回答了这个问题。
___________________________
I answered the question easily.
ease
with ease
ease n [U]
舒适；悠闲；自在：
The retired couple lived a life of ease.
容易；不费力：
He passed the exam with ease (= easily).
at ease 放松；舒适；自在：
stand at ease
His mind was at ease knowing that the children were safe.
He is smart and humorous, and I feel at ease with him.
put sb at (one’s) ease 使某人放松：
He was nervous at first but her warm welcome soon put him at ease.
基本义：舒适
v
vi & vt 减轻；缓解：
ease the pain / stress / burden
The situation has eased.
It would ease my mind to know where he was.
vi & vt（使）小心缓慢地移动：
She eased her injured foot into her shoe.
vt 使容易；使顺利：
ease (sb / oneself) into（使某人）熟悉（新工作等）：
After the baby, she eased herself back into work.
同族词：ease, easy, easily, uneasy
名词动词化
A和B，哪套穿着更适合正式场合？
A
B
C和D，哪套穿着更适合非正式场合？
C
D
attain vt & vi
[正式用语]（经过长时间努力）达到 (achieve)；得到；取得：
Their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment. 外研新选必③-5
attain one’s goal
After several years of study and practice he attained fluency in English.
辨析：attain, obtain
attain是achieve的升级版，常跟表示“目标”“抱负”等相对高大上的词语搭配，主要指通过努力达到重要目标或得到珍贵的东西。
The scientist attained great fame by a new discovery.
obtain是get的升级版，多指凭努力或恳求得到、急需或很想得到具体的、实用的东西。
Howard failed to obtain a scholarship.
注：只有obtain good grades才能attain positions of power。
根据提示在右栏填入适当的单词。
Informal / Neutral (中性) Formal / Literary (文学用语)
用一种方法 use a method 1. _______ a method
动身去机场 leave for the airport 2. _______ for the airport
在桌子上 3. _________________ the table atop the table
实现目标 achieve one’s goal 4. _______ one’s goal
回信 answer / reply to a letter 5. __________ a letter
employ
depart
at the top of / on top of
attain
respond to
evaluate
构词：e- (out 出来) + valu (value 价值) + -ate (动词后缀) → 使 (某物的) 价值体现出来 → 评价；评估
evaluate vt 评价；评估 to judge how good, useful, or successful sth is (assess)：
The scientists were evaluating the experiment.
We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.
【词汇拓展】
evaluation n [C] & [U] 评价；评估
本单元金句汇总
1. Her trust in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined possible.
2. Many poets drew / took their inspiration from the nature.
3. Kelly is employed as a teacher.
4. She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.
5. I wanted to withdraw $4,000 from my bank account.
6. The train is due to depart from New York in ten minutes.
7. He is smart and humorous, and I feel at ease with him.
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. He received his inspiration in his dream. __________
2. He says my sister was the inspiration for his heroine（女主角）. __________
inspiration
灵感
给人以灵感的人
二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an ___________ (inspire) for Western creative.（2019 全国）
2. I’m always ___________ (inspire) by things of beauty and harmony.
inspiration
inspired
三、根据所给汉语，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 他的坚持激励我更加努力学习。____________________________________________
2. 许多诗人和艺术家从大自然中获得他们的灵感。_____________________________________________
Many poets and artists drew / took their inspiration from nature.
I was inspired to work harder by his perseverance.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Different artists employ different painting techniques. __________
2. We employ her as an English teacher. __________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. We employ English __________ a common language.
2. The boss employed ten workers __________ (sell) computers.
3. The man was employed __________ watering the garden.　
4. Most __________ (employ) do care about the personal appearances of their __________ (employ), because those people represent the companies to their customers.
5. Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find __________ (employ).
使用
雇用
employ
as
to sell
in
employers
employees
employment
withdraw
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I’d like to withdraw some money from my account. ___________
2. The troops have been withdrawn from the danger area. ___________
3. I want to withdraw a statement I made earlier. ___________
4. Britain has successfully withdrawn from the EU. ___________
提取
撤退
收回 / 撤回
退出
depress & depressive
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The thought of taking the exam again depressed him. ____________
2. A war will depress the global economy. ___________
3. High interest rates may depress share prices. ____________
二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. She felt very __________ (depress) about the future.
2. Looking for a job these days can be very __________ (depress).
3. The patient is suffering from __________ (depress).
4. Many people with a __________ (depress) illness never seek treatment.
depressed
depressing
depression
使沮丧
使萧条
降低
depressive
depart
在空白处1个填入适当的单词。
1. I’ll depart Washington ________ London tomorrow.
2. The train to Beijing will depart _______ platform 3 in half an hour.
3. In the morning Mr McDonald departed _______ Sydney _____ London.
for
from
from
for
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The supermarket rejected all spotted apples. ___________
2. He tried to join the army but was rejected because of poor health. ___________
3. The patient rejected the transplanted heart. ___________
4. It is hard for me to reject religious beliefs. ___________
5. Be prepared for lots of rejections before you find a job. ___________
reject
丢弃
拒绝
排斥
放弃
拒绝
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Lisa told me that she felt at ease with Bernard. ___________
2. The computer is popular for its good design and ease of use.
___________
3. I did my best to make him feel at ease before the interview. ___________
4. I will give you something to ease the pain. ___________
5. He eased slowly forwards. ___________
6. It would ease my mind to know you had arrived safely. __________
ease
感到自在
简单易用
使他感到放松
减轻疼痛
小心缓缓地移动
使我放心
用高级词替换下列句子中的画线词。
1. I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals. __________
2. Andy is content with the toy. It is the best he has ever got. __________
attain
obtained
attain
evaluate
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I can’t evaluate his ability without seeing his work. ___________
2. The school has only been open for six months, so it’s hard to evaluate its success. ___________
3. Don’t always demand others and not evaluate yourself. ___________
4. We need to carry out a proper evaluation of the new system. ___________
评估
估计
评价自己 / 自我检讨
评价
谢
谢
观
赏