Unit 8 Natural disasters单元练习（含解析）

2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册
Unit 8单元练习
一、选择填空：从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．We were late for school _______ the heavy snow.
A．so B．because C．such as D．because of
2．She wondered _________ help might come and _________ she could do was to keep calm.
A．how soon; that B．how long; what C．how soon; what D．how long; that
3．—You forgot to feed the cat again!
— _________.
A．I can’t remember B．I don’t mind feeding her again
C．I’ll do it now D．It’s my pleasure
4．—What did you go there _________ —To visit my uncle.
A．for B．to C．in D．at
5．Kitty met __________ an accident yesterday, so we sent her to hospital
A．by B．with C．in D．without
6．Thanks to the government, the __________ conditions are improved these years and each of us has a better __________.
A．alive; live B．living; life C．alive; living D．living; live
7．The time will not be __________ enough for my homework.
A．near B．almost C．hardly D．nearly
8．The flood in 1998 washed lots of houses __________ and lots of people __________.
A．on; died B．away; dead C．off; dead D．away; died
9．Linda was just going out shopping _________ the telephone rang.
A．while B．when C．after D．until
10．If the earthquake happens, you should run _________ the empty ground.
A．out of B．out to C．out from D．out on
11．I __________ her until the day before yesterday. She said everything went well in her letter.
A．didn’t hear about B．heard about C．didn’t hear from D．heard from
12．The girl _________ down and landed safely after the fireman _________ her.
A．jumped; arrived B．was jumping; reached
C．jumped; reached D．was jumping; was arriving
13．—________ we get older, we need to do something meaningful to help our parents.
—Yeah, I can’t agree with you more.
A．By B．As C．How D．So
14．He can _______ do such dangerous activities as skiing and diving because ________ his heart problem.
A．no more; of B．not any more; / C．not any more; of D．no more; /
15．—Look! An old man is lying on the road.
—His leg is badly hurt. Let’s call ________.
A．118 B．119 C．120 D．122
二、词语运用。
A) 根据句意，用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
protect sb from, learn from, stay away from, walk through, break the school rules
16．As students, we shouldn’t ________．
17．What did you ________ the talk about wild animals
18．You should ________ fire, or it may burn you.
19．Remember that we shouldn’t try to ________ the flood water.
20．He doesn’t swim across the river in order to ________ being washed away by the water.
B) 根据短文内容填空。每空一词。
As you’ve grown up, has your favorite color changed
Colors can stand for different feelings and moods. That’s why more than 20 years ago, the Pantone Color Institute（研究所）decided to choose a color every December to s____21____ for the feelings of the coming year. What color did it decide on for the year 2022
It is Very Peri（长春花蓝）, a kind of color that mixes the peacefulness of blue with energetic red. This is the first time the company has c____22____ a new color for Color of the Year instead of choosing an o____23____ one. So, why Very Peri
Each year, Pantone studies the happenings of the world to p____24____ the most suitable color, and for 2022, it’s all about the influence of the digital world. The blue with red represents the light of digital screens（现实的）and digital lives are coming t____25____ in new ways.
“It is really important for us to come up with a new color s____26____ we have a very new view of the world now,” said Leatrice Eiseman, “Of all the blue hues（色调）, it is the happiest and the w____27____.”
Mixing in red, she said, gives the color a feeling of warmth and newness. That feeling of newness may be just what we all need. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed h____28____we live and work. Now people need to think outside the box.
“We’ve gone through so many challenges, and we w____29____ what’s going to happen from one day to the next,” said Laurie Pressman. “Keeping curious help people get t______30______ these difficulties. That’s what we would like to call ‘creative courage’.”
三、完形填空。从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Perhaps you have learned a lot ____31____ the Internet, but what is it, do you know The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone ____32____ millions of computers together around the world.
Maybe that doesn’t ____33____ interesting. But when you’ve joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can ____34____e-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the WWW— ____35____.
There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines ____36____ on people’s desks at home, but there are still many ____37____ in schools, offices or large companies.
There are lots of places for you to ____38____ the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons. Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming ____39____. It is ____40____ for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English So what will English be like tomorrow
31．A．of B．about C．/ D．at
32．A．to join B．join C．joining D．joined
33．A．hear B．listen C．sound D．listen to
34．A．get B．receive C．give D．send
35．A．Wide World Web B．World Wide Web C．Wide Word World D．Wide Window World
36．A．sit B．sat C．sitting D．to sit
37．A．other B．the other C．another D．others
38．A．go into B．go to C．go D．enter into
39．A．larger and larger B．smaller and smaller C．stronger and stronger D．older and older
40．A．important B．useless C．impossible D．possible
四、阅读理解
Walking sharks were discovered in Indonesia. These sharks have fins different from any other animals, which allow them to walk across the sea bed. They are active during the night and usually feed on small fishes. The adults are about one meter long. They wriggle（扭动）their bodies like snakes, and their strange faces can be seen as funny. The males and females mix together, unlike other sharks. When they’re disturbed（打扰）, they simply walk away, without trying to swim.
Sharks are not animals with feet, so how do they get to “walk” in water and on land The sea these sharks stay is not deep and filled with reefs（礁）and the oxygen（氧气）level could drop by 80%. It isn’t the appropriate environment for some animals. In order to look for food, these sharks gradually developed the ability to walk along the seat floor by moving forward with their fins. Excellent swimmers and now “walkers” make them top hunters. They’re known to walk across the reefs to search for their food in places where other animals can’t go and the small fishes have little chance of running away.
A walking shark can stay out of water for about three hours. And most of them usually spend their lives in less than a mile from the reefs where they lay eggs. The walking shark can slow its heartbeat and power down its brain for more than an hour while it is out of water. That’s how they live on land.
41．We can learn from the Paragraph 1 that walking sharks ________.
A．enjoy eating small fishes B．hate to walk in the ocean
C．can walk across the sea bed quickly D．are taller than any other animals in the ocean
42．The underlined word “appropriate” in this passage probably means ________.
A．proper B．natural C．dangerous D．strange
43．We can infer（推测）from the passage that________.
A．walking sharks can swim faster B．walking sharks can take in less oxygen
C．walking sharks can run away more quickly D．walking sharks can find their food more easily
44．The walking shark live on land ________.
A．by wriggling their body B．by keeping their body wet
C．by pushing their way across the dry land D．by slowing its heartbeat and power down its brain
45．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Walking Shark B．The big Shark
C．Sharks in Indonesia D．The Shark’s Habits
五、根据汉语，补全句子(每空一词)
46．Tom试着在黑暗中慢慢地向前移动以便找到出路。
Tom tried to __________________________________.
47．这条宽阔的马路被如此厚的白雪覆盖着以至于许多小汽车被困在雪中。
The ___________________ that many cars _____________________ the snow.
48．当时，风刮得越来越猛烈，我差点儿摔了一跤。
I _______________ while the wind ______________ at that moment.
49．我不喜欢上海，源于拥挤的交通。
I don’t like Shanghai ______________________________.
50．用湿毛巾捂住你的嘴和鼻子，以便保护你自己免受浓烟的伤害。
________ your mouth and nose with a wet towel ________ thick smoke.
六、书面表达
结合你所经历的一次自然灾害写一篇70字的短文，提示内容如下：
去年6月25日，一场暴雨袭击了我的家乡。我在学校上课，因为雨大，李老师让我们早点回家。在回家的路上，我看见许多人在车站等车。一阵大风吹跑了我的雨伞……大雨下了一夜，第二天……
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D
【详解】句意：因为大雪我们上学迟到。
考查短语。so因此；because因为，接句子；such as例如；because of因为，接名词或名词短语。根据“the heavy snow”，可知是名词短语，是指迟到的原因，用短语“because of”。故选D。
2．C
【详解】句意：她不知道救援多久才能来，她能做的就是保持冷静。
考查疑问词组和引导词辨析。how soon多久，对将来时提问；how long多长，对时间或长度提问。分析“She wondered...help might come”可知，援助将来才会到，用how soon，排除BD。分析“...she could do was to keep calm”可知，此处引导主语从句，在从句中作动词do的宾语，表示“做什么”，用what。故选C
3．C
【详解】句意：——你又忘了喂猫了！——我现在就去喂。
考查情景交际。I can’t remember我不记得；I don’t mind feeding her again我不介意再喂她一次；I’ll do it now我现在就去喂；It’s my pleasure我的荣幸。根据“You forgot to feed the cat again!”可知，忘了喂猫，所以应该去喂，故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：——你去那里干什么？——去拜访我叔叔。
考查介词辨析。for为了；to到；in在里面；at在。根据“To visit my uncle.”可知是问对方去那里是为了什么，故选A。
5．B
【详解】句意：Kitty昨天遭遇车祸，所以我们送她去医院。
考查介词辨析。by通过；with和；in在……里面；without没有。meet with表示“遭遇”。故选B。
6．B
【详解】句意：多亏了政府，这些年来生活条件得到了改善，我们每个人的生活都更好了。
考查词义辨析。alive活着的；living活着的；live生存；life生活。living conditions“生活条件”，固定短语；have a better life“有一个更好的生活”，用名词作宾语。故选B。
7．D
【详解】句意：这些时间远远不够我做作业。
考查副词辨析。near附近；almost几乎；hardly几乎不；nearly差不多。not nearly表示“远远不”。故选D。
8．D
【详解】句意：1998年的洪水冲走了大量的房子，死了很多人。
考查动词短语和时态。根据“The flood in 1998 washed lots of houses”可知此处指洪水冲走房屋，用wash away表示；句子介绍的是过去的事情，用一般过去时来表达， dead是形容词，不能作谓语，die的过去式died。故选D。
9．B
【详解】句意：当电话铃响时，琳达正要出去购物。
考查连词辨析。while当……时候；强调主从句同时发生，只表示在一段时间内的延续行为状态； when当……的时候；连接从句表示某时刻或一段时间，即在某个点上；after在……之后；until直到。根据“the telephone rang.”可知，在特定的时间点上电话响了，用when引导的时间状语从句。故选B。
10．B
【详解】句意：如果发生了地震，你应该向空旷地方跑出去。
考查动词短语。run out of用光，从……跑出；run out to跑出去；run out from从……跑出；run out on抛弃。根据“If the earthquake happens, you should run...the empty ground.”结合常识可知地震要向空旷的地方跑去，所以用run out to，故选B。
11．C
【详解】句意：我直到前天才收到她的信。她在信中说一切都很顺利。
考查动词短语辨析。hear about听说；hear from收到……来信。根据“She said everything went well in her letter”以及not…until可知，此处表示直到前天才收到她的信，故选C。
12．C
【详解】句意：在消防员碰到她之后，女孩跳下来，安全着陆。
考查动词辨析和时态。and连接并列的过去式，排除B和D；arrive为不及物动词，reach为及物动词。故选C。
13．B
【详解】句意：——随着年龄的增长，我们需要做一些有意义的事情来帮助父母。——是的，我非常同意你的观点。
考查连词。By通过，介词；As随着，连词；How怎样，连词；So所以，连词。根据“...we get older, we need to do something meaningful to help our parents.”可知，逗号前后为两个完整的句子，此空应填连词连接它们，且此处表达“随着年龄的增长，我们需要做一些事来帮助父母”，应用as引导时间状语从句。故选B。
14．A
【详解】句意：由于心脏问题，他不能再做像滑雪和跳水这样危险的活动了。
考查副词短语和介词短语。no more不在，放在所修饰词之前；not any more不在，not放在情态动词和助动词之后，any more放在句末，第一空位于动词之前，故填no more；because of因为，后加名词或代词。故选A。
15．C
【详解】句意：——-看！一位老人躺在路上。——他的腿受了重伤。我们打120吧。
考查常识知识。根据“His leg is badly hurt.”可知，有人受重伤，需要打急救电话120。故选C。
16．break the school rules 17．learn from 18．stay away from 19．walk through 20．protect himself from
【解析】16．句意：作为学生，我们不应该违反校规。根据“As students, we shouldn’t”和备选词可知，break the school rules“违反校规”符合句意；shouldn’t后用动词原形。故填break the school rules。
17．句意：你从关于野生动物的演讲中学到了什么？根据“the talk about wild animals”和备选词可知，此处指从野生动物的演讲中学到什么，learn from符合句意；空前有助动词“didn’t”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填learn from。
18．句意：你应该远离火，否则火会烧着你的。根据“or it may burn you”可知，是要远离火，stay away from“远离”符合句意；should为情态动词，后接动词原形。故填stay away from。
19．句意：记住，我们不应该试图穿过洪水。根据“Remember that we shouldn’t try to ... the flood water.”和备选词可知，walk through符合句意；再根据try to do sth.“试图做某事”可知，此处要用动词原形。故填walk through。
20．句意：他不游过河是为了保护自己不被水冲走。根据“He doesn’t swim across the river in order to ... being washed away by the water.”和备选词可知，protect sb from符合句意；主语为“he”，此处要用himself，表示“他自己”。故填protect himself from。
21．(s)tand 22．(c)reated 23．(o)ld 24．(p)ick 25．(t)ogether 26．(s)ince 27．(w)armest 28．(h)ow 29．(w)onder 30．(t)hrough
本文讲述潘通色彩研究所决定选择一种颜色来代表来年的感觉，以及为什么选择这些颜色，选择这些颜色的意义何在。
21．句意：这就是为什么20多年前潘通色彩研究所决定在每年的12月来选择一种颜色代表来年的感觉的原因。根据上文“Colors can stand for different feelings and moods”可知表达代表，用短语“stand for”。故填(s)tand。
22．句意：这是该公司首次创造出了一种新的颜色而不是选择旧颜色作为年度颜色。句子是现在完成时，动词用“has done”的结构。根据“a new color”及“instead of choosing an …one”可知，句子表达创造新的颜色，用动词过去分词“created”。故填(c)reated。
23．句意：这是该公司首次创造出了一种新的颜色而不是选择旧颜色作为年度颜色。根据 “new”及“instead of”可知，句子表达旧颜色，用形容词“old”。故填(o)ld。
24．句意：每年，潘通都会研究世界上发生的事情，以找到最合适的颜色。句子用动词不定式作目的状语，根据“the most suitable color”可知句子表达挑选，用动词原形“pick”，和to构成不定式。故填(p)ick。
25．句意：蓝色和红色代表我们现实的和数字化的生活的光线正以新的方式融合在一起。根据“the blue with red represents the light of digital screens and digital lives”可知，句子表达融合在一起，用短语“come together”。故填(t)ogether。
26．句意：因为我们现在对世界有了一个全新的看法，想出一种新的颜色对我们来说非常重要。根据“we have a very new view of the world now”，可知后面句子表达原因，根据首字母提示可知用连词“since”。故填(s)ince。
27．句意：在所有的蓝色中，这是最幸福、最明智的。根据“the happiest and”可知用形容词最高级形成并列结构。根据“gives the color a feeling of warmth and newness”，可知句子表达“最温暖”，根据首字母提示可知用“warmest”。故填(w)armest。
28．句意：新冠疫情已经改变了我们的生活和工作方式。根据“we live and work”可知，句子表达我们的生活和工作的方式，根据首字母提示，可知用“how”引导宾语从句。故填(h)ow。
29．句意：我们已经经历了如此多的挑战，而且我们想知道短期内将发生什么。句子缺谓语动词，根据“what’s going to happen from one day to the next”是宾语从句，表达想知道短期内将发生什么，时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形，根据首字母提示用动词“wonder”。故填(w)onder。
30．句意：保持好奇心有助于人们度过这些困难。根据“these difficulties”可知，句子表达“度过困难”，用动词短语“get through”。故填(t)hrough。
31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．C 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．D
本文主要介绍了互联网，以及互联网给我们带来的好处。
31．句意：也许你已经了解了很多关于互联网的知识，但你知道它是什么吗？
of……的；about关于；/不填；at在。根据“Perhaps you have learned a lot...the Internet”可知是了解关于互联网的知识，learn about“学习关于……”。故选B。
32．句意：它使用电话将世界各地数百万台计算机连接在一起。
to join动词不定式；join动词原形；joining动名词；joined过去式。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选A。
33．句意：也许这听起来没什么意思。
hear听见；listen听；sound听起来；listen to听。interesting是形容词，空前有应用系动词sound，故选C。
34．句意：你可以发送电子邮件给你的朋友，他们可以在几秒钟内收到。
get得到；receive接收；give给；send发送。根据“e-mails to your friends”可知是给朋友发电子邮件，故选D。
35．句意：你也可以在环球信息网上处理各种各样的信息。
Wide World Web错误形式；World Wide Web环球信息网；Wide Word World错误形式；Wide Window World错误形式。www代表的是World Wide Web“环球信息网”，故选B。
36．句意：其中大多数是放在人们家里桌子上的小型机器，但在学校、办公室或大公司中仍有许多其他机器。
sit坐；sat过去式；sitting动名词/现在分词；to sit动词不定式。根据“Most of them are small machines...on people’s desks at home”可知应用现在分词形式作状语，故选C。
37．句意：其中大多数是放在人们家里桌子上的小型机器，但在学校、办公室或大公司中仍有许多其他机器。
other其他的，后常加名词复数；the other两者中的另一个；another三者及以上的另一个；others其他人/物。many是修饰可数名词复数，结合选项只有others符合，故选D。
38．句意：有很多地方可以让你上网。
go into进入；go to去；go去；enter into加入。根据“There are lots of places for you to...the Internet”可知是进入互联网，故选A。
39．句意：多亏了互联网，世界变得越来越小。
larger and larger越来越大；smaller and smaller越来越小；stronger and stronger越来越强壮；older and older越来越老。根据“Thanks to the Internet”可知互联网把世界的距离拉得更近了，故选B。
40．句意：您可以在家中使用电脑工作，获取和发送您需要的信息。
important重要的；useless无用的；impossible不可能的；possible可能的。根据“for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need.”可知因为互联网，在家中使用电脑工作，获取和发送您需要的信息，这是可能的，故选D。
41．A 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．A
本文主要讲述了可以行走的鲨鱼。
41．细节理解题。根据“They are active during the night and usually feed on small fishes. ”可知它们在夜间活动，通常以小鱼为食，故选A。
42．词义猜测题。根据“The sea these sharks stay is not deep and filled with reefs（礁）and the oxygen（氧气）level could drop by 80%. ”（这些鲨鱼居住的海洋并不深，充满了珊瑚礁，氧气水平可能会下降80%。）可知这种环境不适合一些动物，所以appropriate和proper“合适的”意思相近，故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据“The sea these sharks stay is not deep and filled with reefs（礁）and the oxygen（氧气）level could drop by 80%. ”（这些鲨鱼居住的海洋并不深，充满了珊瑚礁，氧气水平可能会下降80%）可推知行走的鲨鱼吸入的氧气较少，故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据“The walking shark can slow its heartbeat and power down its brain for more than an hour while it is out of water. That’s how they live on land.”可知行走的鲨鱼在陆地上通过减缓心跳和降低大脑能量来生存，故选D。
45．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了可以行走的鲨鱼，所以A选项最符合，故选A。
46．pull himself slowly through the dark to find his way out
【详解】try to do sth“试图做某事”；pull oneself slowly through the dark“慢慢地穿过黑暗”，此处需用物主代词himself“他自己”；“以便找到出路”需用动词不定式作目的状语。find one’s way out“找到出路”。故填pull himself slowly through the dark to find his way out。
47． wide road was covered with such thick snow were trapped in
【详解】wide road“宽阔的马路”；be covered with“被覆盖”，分析句意可知动作已发生，应用一般过去时，主语是单数，be动词用was；such...that“如此……以至于”；thick snow“厚厚的雪”；be trapped in“被困住”，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填wide road was covered with such thick snow；were trapped in。
48． almost fell down was blowing stronger and stronger
【详解】almost“几乎”；fall down“摔倒”；blow stronger and stronger“刮得越来越猛烈”；结合while和“at that moment”可知，此处主句需用一般过去时(动词需用过去式)，从句需用过去进行时(was/were doing)。故填almost fell down；was blowing stronger and stronger。
49．because of the heavy traffic
【详解】由题干和英语翻译可知，“源于拥挤的交通”译成：because of the heavy traffic，because of 是介词短语，其后可接名词或名词短语。故填because of the heavy traffic。
50． Cover to protect yourself from
【详解】由中英文对照分析可知，cover表示“覆盖，遮盖”；protect oneself from表示“保护自己免受……的伤害”；本句为祈使句，应用动词原形开头，首字母大写，故第一空填Cover，第二空表示目的状语，用动词不定式，yourself表示“你自己”。故填Cover；to protect yourself from。
六．例文：
A strong rainstorm hit my home town. It happened on June 25th last year. I was at school. Because it rained heavily, Mr Li asked us to go home early. On my way home, I saw many people waiting for the bus at the station. A strong wind blew away my umbrella. I nearly fell down. When I got home, I was all wet. It rained for the whole night. On the second day, the rainwater was everywhere. The traffic was very bad because of the rainstorm.
【详解】
①题材：本文是记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：根据所给中文提示，介绍自己经历的一次自然灾害，可适当发挥，使行文连贯。
第一步，首先介绍自然灾害是一场暴雨；
第二步，具体介绍自己的经历过程。
①on one’s way在某人去……的路上
②wait for等待
③blow away吹走
④fall down摔倒
① Because it rained heavily, Mr Li asked us to go home early.（because引导的原因状语从句）
②When I got home, I was all wet.（when引导的时间状语从句）