2023届 高考英语二轮复习精品：定语从句 课件-（27张ppt)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2023届 高考英语二轮复习精品：定语从句 课件-（27张ppt) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.0MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-26 21:59:13 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共27张PPT)
定语从句
Pelative clause
主讲人：谢圣宁
定语从句-----关系词
关系副词：
when/where/why
关系代词：
who/which/that/whose/whom
非限制性定语从句：...,whichwhere/who
What is relative clause
定语是什么....
一只可爱的小狗
一位会说六种语言的女生
从句是什么...
至少由 主语S+谓语V 构成的句子
你跑。You ran.
我追。I chased.
你插翅难逃。 You cannot get away.
adj. ...的
本质就是形容词！
subject 主语 verb 谓语 object 宾语
The man Kate You We was carrying won wanted met a bag
some money
some books
some people
定语/关系从句就是...
本质上具有形容词修饰作用的句子，用来修饰名词/代词/句子
I know a writer who is from Japan.
如何写出定语从句
I met a woman.
She can speak six languages.
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
定语从句三步骤：
I met a woman. She can speak six languages.
1.共同的名词/代词
woman=she做主语
2.替换合适的关系代词
she=
who
关系代词：
who,that.which
whose,whom
3.合并句子，注意关系代词通常紧跟在名词之后，表示两者的修饰关系。
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
先行词
关系词
关系代词：
who,that.which
whose,whom
从句使用陈述语序
whom 宾格
I happened to meet Cathy in the shopping center yesterday.
I got to know Cathy at a party.
Cathy=who
but,Ta在句中作宾语
Cathy=whom
I happened to meet Cathy in the shopping center yesterday.
whom
I happened to meet Cathy whom I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday.
subject 主语 verb 谓语 object 宾语
The man Kate You We was carrying won wanted met a bag
some money
some books
some people
The bag that the man was carrying.
The money that Kate won.
The books that you wanted.
The people who we met.
which/that
The man is carrying a bag.
The bag it is heavy.
主句：
The man is carrying a bag。
从句：(The bag) It is very heavy.
Option1：
The man is carrying a bag which/that is very heavy.
Option2
The bag(that /which) he is carrying is very heavy.
做主语不可省略
做宾语可省略
whose
Whose book is this It is Mary’s book.
Mary is a good uploader. Her videos are of great use.
her=whose
Mary is a good uploader whose videos are of great use.
There is a beautiful house on the mountain, the house’s window broke last night.
house’s=whose
its=whose
There is a beautiful house whose window broke last night on the mountain.
状语位置很灵活结合从句来判断
that which
先行词是特指时：that
先行词是泛指时：which
也就是说先行词是all,eveything,anything,nothing,none,the one,little,few或者被the only,the very, the last等修饰
先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词修饰
eg.This is the best hotpot that I have ever had.
既有人又有物
eg. Do you know the things and person that they are talking about
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself
遇事不决，就用that
定语从句-----关系词
关系副词：
when/where/why
关系代词：
who/which/that/whose/whom
非限制性定语从句：...,whichwhere/who
状语是什么？
She will meet me in the park. (表地点）
I will be there next month. (表时间）
He was sent to prison for murder.
They went abroad to study English.
If we have more money,we can buy a house.
I like the movie very much.
什么样的词/句子可以做状语？
副词 They live happily.
介词短语 With your help,we can make our dreams come true.
不定式 He came to my house to borrow a book.
从句 Although he is old,he is strong.
分词 I am sitting in the sofa,watching Yiyinger.
when/where
I still remember the day. I first came to Beijing on that day.
on that day=when
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
Bilibili was the platform. We first met on this platform.
on this platform=where
Bilibili was the platform where we first met .
Tips:除了地点名词后，where还可以用在case,condition, example,situation,stage,point,system前
why and the reason
We would like to know the reason why she refused the job.
Do you know the reason why he was late
介词（prep.)+which=关系副词
在正式的英语表达中，可以用介词+which来替代when,where,why
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
on that day=when
I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.
介词备选：on/in/at/to/for/of/with...
Bilibili was the platform where we first met .
on the platform=where
Bilibili was the platform on which we first met.
They have reached the point where they have to break up with each other.
They have reached the point at which they have to break up with each other.
Do you know the person why he was late
why=for the reason
why=for which
Do you know the resaon for which he was late
....break up with each other at this point
非限制性定语从句
Non-defining Relative Clause
defining
non-defining
essential information
extra information
That we need to understand what or who is being referred.
The dentist who treated me is my uncle.
My uncle is a dentist, who plays tennis every week.
先行词是否明确
不明确----需要定语从句（defining relative clause)限制修饰，让所指更具体
He is a person.
Hi is a person who is really warm-hearted.
明确------可以用非限制从（non-defining relative clause)补充额外信息，但删除也不影响具体句意理解
The University of Oxford is the dream school for many students.
The University of Oxford,which is the cornerstone for higher educatio, is the dream school for many students.
相同点
who(for people) The woman who lives next door is a journalist. which(for things) Tom works for a company which makes computer. whose(insread of her/his/its or their) We met some people whose car had broken down. where(for places) What is the name of the place where you went on holiday when(for time) whom(for people) as the object of a clause who(for people)
My sister Mary,who lives in Nanjing, is a journalist.
which(for things)
Tom told me about his new job,which he is not enjoying very much.
whose(insread of her/his/its or their)
Sam,whose car had broken down, was in a bad mood.
where(for places)
Jane has just been to Shanghai,where her dad lives.
when(for time)
whom(for people) as the object of a clause
defining
non-defining
why (after the words the reason) The film was the reason why he became famous. that instead of who,whom,which The woman who/that he married... The picture which/that hangs on the wall... cannot use why
cannot use that
通常介词出现在从句尾部 It is the task which he was responsible for at work. It is task for which he was responsible at work. Sue,who my mother worked with,has become a teacher.
Sue,with whom my mother worked,has become a teacher.
defining
non-defining
不同点
no commas 没有逗号 The dentist who treated me is my uncle. who/which/that 做从句宾语时可省略 The medicine(which/that) the doctor gave me should be taken twice a day. 关系词指代先行词 The woman who lives next door is a mas
My uncle is a dentist, who plays tennis every week.
关系词无论做什么都可以省略
关系词可指代先行词，也可指代整个主句
Cathy is looking for a good restaurant, which takes her quite some time.
defining
non-defining
引导非限制从句as vs which,指代整个主句：
She was very sad,as /which was seen from her face.(as/which做从句主语）
as可放句首、中、尾，表“正如，正像”的意思
which不可句首，也没有“正如，正像”的意思
As everybody knows, Shakespeare is a famous writer.
defining non-defining
限定修饰作用 先行词抽象、模糊 没有逗号 各种关系词都可用 关系词作宾语可省略 关系词指代先行词 书面和口语 补充信息作用
先行词具体、明确
有逗号
that,why不可用
关系代词任何情况不可省略
关系词既可指先行词，也可指代整个主句
书面
summary
定语从句
Pelative clause
主讲人：谢圣宁
定语从句-----关系词
关系副词：
when/where/why
关系代词：
who/which/that/whose/whom
非限制性定语从句：...,whichwhere/who
What is relative clause
定语是什么....
一只可爱的小狗
一位会说六种语言的女生
从句是什么...
至少由 主语S+谓语V 构成的句子
你跑。You ran.
我追。I chased.
你插翅难逃。 You cannot get away.
adj. ...的
本质就是形容词！
subject 主语 verb 谓语 object 宾语
The man Kate You We was carrying won wanted met a bag
some money
some books
some people
定语/关系从句就是...
本质上具有形容词修饰作用的句子，用来修饰名词/代词/句子
I know a writer who is from Japan.
如何写出定语从句
I met a woman.
She can speak six languages.
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
定语从句三步骤：
I met a woman. She can speak six languages.
1.共同的名词/代词
woman=she做主语
2.替换合适的关系代词
she=
who
关系代词：
who,that.which
whose,whom
3.合并句子，注意关系代词通常紧跟在名词之后，表示两者的修饰关系。
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
先行词
关系词
关系代词：
who,that.which
whose,whom
从句使用陈述语序
whom 宾格
I happened to meet Cathy in the shopping center yesterday.
I got to know Cathy at a party.
Cathy=who
but,Ta在句中作宾语
Cathy=whom
I happened to meet Cathy in the shopping center yesterday.
whom
I happened to meet Cathy whom I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday.
subject 主语 verb 谓语 object 宾语
The man Kate You We was carrying won wanted met a bag
some money
some books
some people
The bag that the man was carrying.
The money that Kate won.
The books that you wanted.
The people who we met.
which/that
The man is carrying a bag.
The bag it is heavy.
主句：
The man is carrying a bag。
从句：(The bag) It is very heavy.
Option1：
The man is carrying a bag which/that is very heavy.
Option2
The bag(that /which) he is carrying is very heavy.
做主语不可省略
做宾语可省略
whose
Whose book is this It is Mary’s book.
Mary is a good uploader. Her videos are of great use.
her=whose
Mary is a good uploader whose videos are of great use.
There is a beautiful house on the mountain, the house’s window broke last night.
house’s=whose
its=whose
There is a beautiful house whose window broke last night on the mountain.
状语位置很灵活结合从句来判断
that which
先行词是特指时：that
先行词是泛指时：which
也就是说先行词是all,eveything,anything,nothing,none,the one,little,few或者被the only,the very, the last等修饰
先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词修饰
eg.This is the best hotpot that I have ever had.
既有人又有物
eg. Do you know the things and person that they are talking about
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself
遇事不决，就用that
定语从句-----关系词
关系副词：
when/where/why
关系代词：
who/which/that/whose/whom
非限制性定语从句：...,whichwhere/who
状语是什么？
She will meet me in the park. (表地点）
I will be there next month. (表时间）
He was sent to prison for murder.
They went abroad to study English.
If we have more money,we can buy a house.
I like the movie very much.
什么样的词/句子可以做状语？
副词 They live happily.
介词短语 With your help,we can make our dreams come true.
不定式 He came to my house to borrow a book.
从句 Although he is old,he is strong.
分词 I am sitting in the sofa,watching Yiyinger.
when/where
I still remember the day. I first came to Beijing on that day.
on that day=when
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
Bilibili was the platform. We first met on this platform.
on this platform=where
Bilibili was the platform where we first met .
Tips:除了地点名词后，where还可以用在case,condition, example,situation,stage,point,system前
why and the reason
We would like to know the reason why she refused the job.
Do you know the reason why he was late
介词（prep.)+which=关系副词
在正式的英语表达中，可以用介词+which来替代when,where,why
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
on that day=when
I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.
介词备选：on/in/at/to/for/of/with...
Bilibili was the platform where we first met .
on the platform=where
Bilibili was the platform on which we first met.
They have reached the point where they have to break up with each other.
They have reached the point at which they have to break up with each other.
Do you know the person why he was late
why=for the reason
why=for which
Do you know the resaon for which he was late
....break up with each other at this point
非限制性定语从句
Non-defining Relative Clause
defining
non-defining
essential information
extra information
That we need to understand what or who is being referred.
The dentist who treated me is my uncle.
My uncle is a dentist, who plays tennis every week.
先行词是否明确
不明确----需要定语从句（defining relative clause)限制修饰，让所指更具体
He is a person.
Hi is a person who is really warm-hearted.
明确------可以用非限制从（non-defining relative clause)补充额外信息，但删除也不影响具体句意理解
The University of Oxford is the dream school for many students.
The University of Oxford,which is the cornerstone for higher educatio, is the dream school for many students.
相同点
who(for people) The woman who lives next door is a journalist. which(for things) Tom works for a company which makes computer. whose(insread of her/his/its or their) We met some people whose car had broken down. where(for places) What is the name of the place where you went on holiday when(for time) whom(for people) as the object of a clause who(for people)
My sister Mary,who lives in Nanjing, is a journalist.
which(for things)
Tom told me about his new job,which he is not enjoying very much.
whose(insread of her/his/its or their)
Sam,whose car had broken down, was in a bad mood.
where(for places)
Jane has just been to Shanghai,where her dad lives.
when(for time)
whom(for people) as the object of a clause
defining
non-defining
why (after the words the reason) The film was the reason why he became famous. that instead of who,whom,which The woman who/that he married... The picture which/that hangs on the wall... cannot use why
cannot use that
通常介词出现在从句尾部 It is the task which he was responsible for at work. It is task for which he was responsible at work. Sue,who my mother worked with,has become a teacher.
Sue,with whom my mother worked,has become a teacher.
defining
non-defining
不同点
no commas 没有逗号 The dentist who treated me is my uncle. who/which/that 做从句宾语时可省略 The medicine(which/that) the doctor gave me should be taken twice a day. 关系词指代先行词 The woman who lives next door is a mas
My uncle is a dentist, who plays tennis every week.
关系词无论做什么都可以省略
关系词可指代先行词，也可指代整个主句
Cathy is looking for a good restaurant, which takes her quite some time.
defining
non-defining
引导非限制从句as vs which,指代整个主句：
She was very sad,as /which was seen from her face.(as/which做从句主语）
as可放句首、中、尾，表“正如，正像”的意思
which不可句首，也没有“正如，正像”的意思
As everybody knows, Shakespeare is a famous writer.
defining non-defining
限定修饰作用 先行词抽象、模糊 没有逗号 各种关系词都可用 关系词作宾语可省略 关系词指代先行词 书面和口语 补充信息作用
先行词具体、明确
有逗号
that,why不可用
关系代词任何情况不可省略
关系词既可指先行词，也可指代整个主句
书面
summary