2023届高考英语语法复习名词性从句梳理讲义 （含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2023届高考英语语法复习名词性从句梳理讲义 （含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 114.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-26 22:40:14 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
名词性从句梳理
一、名词性从句梳理 基础知识回顾 知识讲解 主语从句： 做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词that ，whether， 连接代词who ，what ，which， 连接副词when，where， how， why等。 1）从属连词：that， whether等. that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。 That he will win is certain.他肯定会赢。 Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如: That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible. It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice. it为形式主语 2. That they should like each other is natural. It is natural that they should like each other. 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实 It is common knowledge that… …是常识 2) It is + adj. +从句 It’s certain that… 肯定… It is possible that... 很可能…… It is unlikely that... 不可能…… It is obvious that… 很明显… It is necessary \important \natural\... that…+(should) +do… 3) It +不及物动词+从句 It happened that... 碰巧…… It occurred to me that…我突然想起… 4) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that...据信……;人们相信…… It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议…… It must be admitted that…必须承认…… It cannot be denied that… 不可否认…… It must be pointed out that…需指出的是…… 2.连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序) What many scientists believe is that the earth is round … Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Which student will win is uncertain. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。 Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。 3)连接副词when，where， how， why等。 Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. When they will leave is not decided. Where she is from is unknown. How we will paint the house has not been decided. 主语从句的规律：
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结规律 例1.When will he come is not known. 正：When he will come is not known. 规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。 例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义， 但不能省略。 例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能 例4. That whether he will help others is a fact. 正：That he will help others is a fact. 规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。 例5. When he will come are a puzzle. 正：When he will come is a puzzle. 规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。 1. What he needs is that book. 2. What he needs are some books. 规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun. 规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用 it 做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。 知识讲解——表语从句 1. The question is whether we can rely on him. 2. That’s because we were in need of money at that time. 3. He looked as if he was going to cry. 4. That’s why I was late. 一、表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。 结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 连接词：that / whether /as if /as though 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because 二、引导词的用法 1.that在表语从句中 既不充当成分 ,又 没有意义 。 The fact is that he hasn’t yet recovered from illness. The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed. 2.whether在表语从句中表 “是否” ,但不充当句子的成分。if 不能 引导表语从句.如: What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. The question is whether it is worth doing. 3. what 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语 表示什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事） The question is what caused the accident. That mountain is no longer what it used to be. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting. 4. who 在表语从句中充当 主语、宾语或表语 表示 谁 . The problem is who could do the work My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to. 5. which 在引导表语从句时,常充当 定语,表语 表示 其中哪一个 。如： I read about it in some book or another, but what I don’t know is which (book) it is. 6. 由as if ,as though引导表语从句，表示好像。句子中的系动词常用look, appear, seem等。 It looks as if it is going to rain. The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl. 当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用 that来引导, 而不能由because引导; because 引导表语从句时只能用于 It/That/This is /was because…句型中. The reason why I was late was that I missed the train. I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train. 8. 当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有why, when, where, how等 This is how he did it. That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 三、表语从句引导词注意事项 1. that引导表语从句时不能省. 2. if不能引导表语从句. 3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。 4. 除that, whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分 同位语从句 观察下列句子划线的部分。 1. The news that we won the game is exciting. 2. I have no idea when he will come back home. 3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 同位语从句 1. 概念: 同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。 2. 功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释、说明名词的具体内容。常跟的抽象名词有: Fact/ idea /reason/ thought / order /doubt/ news / hope/ truth / belief / theory / decision / discovery / problem / evidence / opinion 4. 连词 that/whether/who/ which/ what /when/where/why/how 同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开： The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow. Word came that their team had won. 1.由从属连词that，whether引导的同位语从句。（不作成分，不能省略） Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.有消息透露，大学将招收更多的中学毕业生。 The fact that we lack enough phones needs to be considered. The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. I didn't receive the news that the meeting had been put off.我没有听到会议被推迟的消息。 2.由关系代词引导的同位语从句。（who, what, whatever, whoever等作主语、宾语、表语） The question who should be the first has not been settled.谁应该是第一名的问题还没有定下来。 You can have no idea what he said.你根本想不到他说了些什么。 3.由关系副词引导的同位语从句。（where, when, why, how作状语） I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。 They usually write exact instructions how the music is to be played.他们通常为如何演奏乐曲写出精确的说明。 1. The suit fitted him well except ________ the color was a little brighter. 2. Eat whichever cake you like and leave the others for _______ comes in late. 3. I told him _______ I was surprised at his attitude towards his study. 4. What the doctors really doubt is________my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 5 Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster_______he had done the day before. 6. _______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. 7. When you answer questions in a job interview. Please remember the golden rule； Always give the monkey exactly _______he wants. 8. _______made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. 9. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at_______I thought was a dangerous speed. 10. Along with the letter was his promise _______ he would visit me this coming Christmas. 11. I want to know_______the thief was caught on the spot. 12. Doris，success lies in the fact_______she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. 13. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of_______you read. 14. The news_______ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper. 15. _______we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. 16. Men usually go straight to_______they want and leave quickly when shopping. 17. Tina was hesitation about the job offer as she did not know _______ the company was an established one. 18. There is no obvious evidence_______ there is life on any other planet in the solar system. 19. I have no idea _______the journalist could have got his information from. 20. _______ comes will be welcomed to the open-air concert. 1. that; 2. whoever; 3. that; 4. whether; 5. what; 6. that; 7. what; 8. what; 10. what; 11. whether; 12. that; 13. what; 14. that; 15. what; 16. what; 17. whether; 18. that; 19. where; 20. whoever 强化训练 1. _______ she couldn't understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest, in her lessons. 2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_______ it is. 3. Information has been put forward_______more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. 4. There’s a feeling in me_______we’ll never know what a UFO is-not ever. 5. Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s_______it takes to do anything well. 6. It is pretty well understood_______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. 7. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_______road conditions need to be improved. 8. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _______our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. 9. A story goes_______Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court， 10. One advantage of playing the guitar is_______it can give you a great deal of pleasure. 11. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning_______his teammates had done. 12. _______he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. 13. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. 14. As his best friend. I can make accurate guesses about _______he will do or think. 15. It has been proved_______eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. 16. It is not immediately clear_______the financial crisis will soon be over. 17. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _______he can react more appropriately on such occasions. 18. One reason for her preference for city life is_______she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. 19. When changing lanes，a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ____ lane he is entering. 20. There is clear evidence_______the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 1. what; 2. who; 3. that; 4. that; 5. what; 6. what; 7. that; 8. what; 9. that; 10. that; 11. what; 12. what; 13. that; 14. what; 15. that; 16. whether; 17. how; 18. that; 19. which; 20. that Section D. Put the following sentences into English. (要求运用主语从句的相关句型) 1 据说船上的人员与犯罪无关。(It； crew) It was said that the crew had nothing to do with the crime. 2. 他在北方的冬季培植黄瓜确实太奇妙了。(cultivate) It is really wonderful that he should cultivate cucumber in the north during the winter. 3. 这种药能否治好头痛很难说。(cure) It is hard to say whether the medicine can cure him of his headache, 4. 风俗习惯告诉我们的是我们的先人过去经常做的一些事。(What； custom； ancestor) What custom tells us is what our ancestors used to do. 5. 他报名参加100米短跑令所有人担心。（dash) That he entered for 100-meter dash worried all the people. 6. 为什么他对我们的建议充耳不闻仍然是个谜。（turn a deaf ear to） Why he turned a deaf ear to our suggestion is still mystery. 7. 众所周知几十年来我们一直在辩论关于污染的问题。(decade; debate) It is known to all that we have been debating on the problem of pollution for decades. 8. 这种植物怎样腐烂，为什么会腐烂仍然是个未知数。（delay） How and why this kind of plants decays is still a unknown. 9. 这个小孩是如何蒙骗成年人的，这正是我们要提出的问题。(deceive) How the child deceives the adults is the question that we want to raise. 10. 似乎装潢的费用在下降。(It； decoration, decline) It seems that the cost of house decoration is declining. Section E. Put the following sentences into English. (要求运用名词性从句的相关句型) 1. 他应受到表扬的原因是他把全部精力都献给了数学。( deserve； devote) The reason why he deserves to be praised is that he has devoted himself to mathematics. 2. 他们全力以赴的目标是在天黑以前爬上山顶。(desperate) The aim they were desperate for was that they had to climb up to the mountain before dark. 3. 使我们感到沮丧的是我们无法理解老师的讲解。(depress； beyond) What made us depressed was that the teachers' explanation was beyond our understanding. 4. 问题是警察是否会详细地描述这一事故。( detail； describe ) The problem was whether the policeman would describe the accident in detail, 5. 他会否认在银行存过钱，这正是我们已经预料到的。(deny； deposit ) He denied depositing money in the bank, which was what we expected. 6. 这仅仅是因为他决心当一名侦探。 ( determine； detective ) It is simply because he is determined to be a detective. 7. 这个地区很混乱，它不再是以前的那个样子了。( disorderly ) The area is disorderly, and it is no longer what it used to be. 8. 他解雇这个年轻人的理由是他不服从安排。 ( dismiss； disobey ) The reason lor his dismissing the young man was that he disobeyed his arrangement. 9. 她体重减轻是因为她在节食。( diet) Why she lost weight was that she was going on a diet. 似乎美国英语和英国英语在发音和拼写上有不同。 ( seem； differ) It seems that American English differs from British English in pronunciation and spelling. Section E. Put the following sentences into English. (要求运用宾语从句的相关句型) 1.我们认为在别人讲话时干扰别人是不礼貌的。(it; disturb) We don't think it polite that we disturb others when they are talking. 2.他们认为人权问题并不是国内问题。 (domestic) They don't think that the problem of human rights is a domestic one. 3.他们得出结论：古代妇女在家庭中处于支配地位。(dominate) They concluded that women were dominated in the family in ancient times. 4.我怀疑我们的钢产量是否会翻倍。 (doubt; double) We doubt whether the output of steel will be doubled. 5.我不怀疑他们会下载这些数据。 (download) I don't doubt that they will download the data. 6.我真希望三打饮料在昨天的晚会上被喝掉。 (dozen) I wish that 3 dozens of drink had been drunk at the party yesterday. 7.昨天晚会上，我希望我们能喝掉几十瓶饮料。 (wish;dozen) I wish dozens of bottles of drink had been drunk by us at the party yesterday. 8.他暗示志愿者们渴望得到公众的支持。 (eager) He suggested that the volunteers were eager for the support of the public. 9.他建议在上学的路上顺便看望生病的同学。 (drop) He suggested that we should drop in on the classmate who was ill. 10.他反复强调使用这一设施是对电力极大的消耗并坚持我们要抵制使用它。 (drain) He insisted that using the device was a great drain on electricity and that we should resist using it. Section D. Put the following sentences into English. (要求it的相关句型) 1.在材料投入使用之前要测试其耐受力，这是必不可少的。 (essential; endurance) It is essential that materials should be tested for their endurance before they are put to use. 2.你与这位文雅的女孩订婚真是太明智了。 (engage; elegant) It is wise of you to be engaged to that elegant girl. 3.不久以后这个队就被淘汰了。 (eliminate) It was not long before the team was eliminated. 4.好长时间没有吃到母亲做的饭了。(enjoy) It has been a long time since I enjoyed meals made by my mother. 5.自从他被选为总统已经有两年的时间了。(elect) It is two years since he was elected president. 6.这是他第二次处于紧急情况。 (emergency) It is the second time that he has been in an emergency. 7.是扩大我们的出口业务的时候了。(enlarge) It is time that we enlarged our exports. 8.据估计这位精力充沛的运动员最终会打破世界纪录。(estimate; energetic; eventually) It is estimated that the energetic athlete will eventually break the world record. 9.我从来没想到这家企业会在这么短的时间内增强自己的市场竞争力。 (enterprise; enhance) It never occurred to me that the enterprise would enhance its competitive ability in the market in such a short time. 10.你认为没有被从上面落下来的瓶子击中是很幸运的吗？ (escape) Do you think it lucky to escape being hit by the bottle falling from above
一、名词性从句梳理 基础知识回顾 知识讲解 主语从句： 做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词that ，whether， 连接代词who ，what ，which， 连接副词when，where， how， why等。 1）从属连词：that， whether等. that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。 That he will win is certain.他肯定会赢。 Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如: That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible. It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice. it为形式主语 2. That they should like each other is natural. It is natural that they should like each other. 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实 It is common knowledge that… …是常识 2) It is + adj. +从句 It’s certain that… 肯定… It is possible that... 很可能…… It is unlikely that... 不可能…… It is obvious that… 很明显… It is necessary \important \natural\... that…+(should) +do… 3) It +不及物动词+从句 It happened that... 碰巧…… It occurred to me that…我突然想起… 4) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that...据信……;人们相信…… It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议…… It must be admitted that…必须承认…… It cannot be denied that… 不可否认…… It must be pointed out that…需指出的是…… 2.连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序) What many scientists believe is that the earth is round … Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Which student will win is uncertain. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。 Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。 3)连接副词when，where， how， why等。 Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. When they will leave is not decided. Where she is from is unknown. How we will paint the house has not been decided. 主语从句的规律：
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结规律 例1.When will he come is not known. 正：When he will come is not known. 规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。 例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义， 但不能省略。 例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能 例4. That whether he will help others is a fact. 正：That he will help others is a fact. 规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。 例5. When he will come are a puzzle. 正：When he will come is a puzzle. 规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。 1. What he needs is that book. 2. What he needs are some books. 规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun. 规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用 it 做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。 知识讲解——表语从句 1. The question is whether we can rely on him. 2. That’s because we were in need of money at that time. 3. He looked as if he was going to cry. 4. That’s why I was late. 一、表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。 结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 连接词：that / whether /as if /as though 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because 二、引导词的用法 1.that在表语从句中 既不充当成分 ,又 没有意义 。 The fact is that he hasn’t yet recovered from illness. The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed. 2.whether在表语从句中表 “是否” ,但不充当句子的成分。if 不能 引导表语从句.如: What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. The question is whether it is worth doing. 3. what 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语 表示什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事） The question is what caused the accident. That mountain is no longer what it used to be. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting. 4. who 在表语从句中充当 主语、宾语或表语 表示 谁 . The problem is who could do the work My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to. 5. which 在引导表语从句时,常充当 定语,表语 表示 其中哪一个 。如： I read about it in some book or another, but what I don’t know is which (book) it is. 6. 由as if ,as though引导表语从句，表示好像。句子中的系动词常用look, appear, seem等。 It looks as if it is going to rain. The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl. 当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用 that来引导, 而不能由because引导; because 引导表语从句时只能用于 It/That/This is /was because…句型中. The reason why I was late was that I missed the train. I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train. 8. 当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有why, when, where, how等 This is how he did it. That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 三、表语从句引导词注意事项 1. that引导表语从句时不能省. 2. if不能引导表语从句. 3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。 4. 除that, whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分 同位语从句 观察下列句子划线的部分。 1. The news that we won the game is exciting. 2. I have no idea when he will come back home. 3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 同位语从句 1. 概念: 同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。 2. 功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释、说明名词的具体内容。常跟的抽象名词有: Fact/ idea /reason/ thought / order /doubt/ news / hope/ truth / belief / theory / decision / discovery / problem / evidence / opinion 4. 连词 that/whether/who/ which/ what /when/where/why/how 同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开： The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow. Word came that their team had won. 1.由从属连词that，whether引导的同位语从句。（不作成分，不能省略） Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.有消息透露，大学将招收更多的中学毕业生。 The fact that we lack enough phones needs to be considered. The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. I didn't receive the news that the meeting had been put off.我没有听到会议被推迟的消息。 2.由关系代词引导的同位语从句。（who, what, whatever, whoever等作主语、宾语、表语） The question who should be the first has not been settled.谁应该是第一名的问题还没有定下来。 You can have no idea what he said.你根本想不到他说了些什么。 3.由关系副词引导的同位语从句。（where, when, why, how作状语） I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。 They usually write exact instructions how the music is to be played.他们通常为如何演奏乐曲写出精确的说明。 1. The suit fitted him well except ________ the color was a little brighter. 2. Eat whichever cake you like and leave the others for _______ comes in late. 3. I told him _______ I was surprised at his attitude towards his study. 4. What the doctors really doubt is________my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 5 Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster_______he had done the day before. 6. _______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. 7. When you answer questions in a job interview. Please remember the golden rule； Always give the monkey exactly _______he wants. 8. _______made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. 9. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at_______I thought was a dangerous speed. 10. Along with the letter was his promise _______ he would visit me this coming Christmas. 11. I want to know_______the thief was caught on the spot. 12. Doris，success lies in the fact_______she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. 13. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of_______you read. 14. The news_______ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper. 15. _______we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. 16. Men usually go straight to_______they want and leave quickly when shopping. 17. Tina was hesitation about the job offer as she did not know _______ the company was an established one. 18. There is no obvious evidence_______ there is life on any other planet in the solar system. 19. I have no idea _______the journalist could have got his information from. 20. _______ comes will be welcomed to the open-air concert. 1. that; 2. whoever; 3. that; 4. whether; 5. what; 6. that; 7. what; 8. what; 10. what; 11. whether; 12. that; 13. what; 14. that; 15. what; 16. what; 17. whether; 18. that; 19. where; 20. whoever 强化训练 1. _______ she couldn't understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest, in her lessons. 2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_______ it is. 3. Information has been put forward_______more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. 4. There’s a feeling in me_______we’ll never know what a UFO is-not ever. 5. Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s_______it takes to do anything well. 6. It is pretty well understood_______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. 7. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_______road conditions need to be improved. 8. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _______our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. 9. A story goes_______Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court， 10. One advantage of playing the guitar is_______it can give you a great deal of pleasure. 11. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning_______his teammates had done. 12. _______he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. 13. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. 14. As his best friend. I can make accurate guesses about _______he will do or think. 15. It has been proved_______eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. 16. It is not immediately clear_______the financial crisis will soon be over. 17. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _______he can react more appropriately on such occasions. 18. One reason for her preference for city life is_______she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. 19. When changing lanes，a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ____ lane he is entering. 20. There is clear evidence_______the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 1. what; 2. who; 3. that; 4. that; 5. what; 6. what; 7. that; 8. what; 9. that; 10. that; 11. what; 12. what; 13. that; 14. what; 15. that; 16. whether; 17. how; 18. that; 19. which; 20. that Section D. Put the following sentences into English. (要求运用主语从句的相关句型) 1 据说船上的人员与犯罪无关。(It； crew) It was said that the crew had nothing to do with the crime. 2. 他在北方的冬季培植黄瓜确实太奇妙了。(cultivate) It is really wonderful that he should cultivate cucumber in the north during the winter. 3. 这种药能否治好头痛很难说。(cure) It is hard to say whether the medicine can cure him of his headache, 4. 风俗习惯告诉我们的是我们的先人过去经常做的一些事。(What； custom； ancestor) What custom tells us is what our ancestors used to do. 5. 他报名参加100米短跑令所有人担心。（dash) That he entered for 100-meter dash worried all the people. 6. 为什么他对我们的建议充耳不闻仍然是个谜。（turn a deaf ear to） Why he turned a deaf ear to our suggestion is still mystery. 7. 众所周知几十年来我们一直在辩论关于污染的问题。(decade; debate) It is known to all that we have been debating on the problem of pollution for decades. 8. 这种植物怎样腐烂，为什么会腐烂仍然是个未知数。（delay） How and why this kind of plants decays is still a unknown. 9. 这个小孩是如何蒙骗成年人的，这正是我们要提出的问题。(deceive) How the child deceives the adults is the question that we want to raise. 10. 似乎装潢的费用在下降。(It； decoration, decline) It seems that the cost of house decoration is declining. Section E. Put the following sentences into English. (要求运用名词性从句的相关句型) 1. 他应受到表扬的原因是他把全部精力都献给了数学。( deserve； devote) The reason why he deserves to be praised is that he has devoted himself to mathematics. 2. 他们全力以赴的目标是在天黑以前爬上山顶。(desperate) The aim they were desperate for was that they had to climb up to the mountain before dark. 3. 使我们感到沮丧的是我们无法理解老师的讲解。(depress； beyond) What made us depressed was that the teachers' explanation was beyond our understanding. 4. 问题是警察是否会详细地描述这一事故。( detail； describe ) The problem was whether the policeman would describe the accident in detail, 5. 他会否认在银行存过钱，这正是我们已经预料到的。(deny； deposit ) He denied depositing money in the bank, which was what we expected. 6. 这仅仅是因为他决心当一名侦探。 ( determine； detective ) It is simply because he is determined to be a detective. 7. 这个地区很混乱，它不再是以前的那个样子了。( disorderly ) The area is disorderly, and it is no longer what it used to be. 8. 他解雇这个年轻人的理由是他不服从安排。 ( dismiss； disobey ) The reason lor his dismissing the young man was that he disobeyed his arrangement. 9. 她体重减轻是因为她在节食。( diet) Why she lost weight was that she was going on a diet. 似乎美国英语和英国英语在发音和拼写上有不同。 ( seem； differ) It seems that American English differs from British English in pronunciation and spelling. Section E. Put the following sentences into English. (要求运用宾语从句的相关句型) 1.我们认为在别人讲话时干扰别人是不礼貌的。(it; disturb) We don't think it polite that we disturb others when they are talking. 2.他们认为人权问题并不是国内问题。 (domestic) They don't think that the problem of human rights is a domestic one. 3.他们得出结论：古代妇女在家庭中处于支配地位。(dominate) They concluded that women were dominated in the family in ancient times. 4.我怀疑我们的钢产量是否会翻倍。 (doubt; double) We doubt whether the output of steel will be doubled. 5.我不怀疑他们会下载这些数据。 (download) I don't doubt that they will download the data. 6.我真希望三打饮料在昨天的晚会上被喝掉。 (dozen) I wish that 3 dozens of drink had been drunk at the party yesterday. 7.昨天晚会上，我希望我们能喝掉几十瓶饮料。 (wish;dozen) I wish dozens of bottles of drink had been drunk by us at the party yesterday. 8.他暗示志愿者们渴望得到公众的支持。 (eager) He suggested that the volunteers were eager for the support of the public. 9.他建议在上学的路上顺便看望生病的同学。 (drop) He suggested that we should drop in on the classmate who was ill. 10.他反复强调使用这一设施是对电力极大的消耗并坚持我们要抵制使用它。 (drain) He insisted that using the device was a great drain on electricity and that we should resist using it. Section D. Put the following sentences into English. (要求it的相关句型) 1.在材料投入使用之前要测试其耐受力，这是必不可少的。 (essential; endurance) It is essential that materials should be tested for their endurance before they are put to use. 2.你与这位文雅的女孩订婚真是太明智了。 (engage; elegant) It is wise of you to be engaged to that elegant girl. 3.不久以后这个队就被淘汰了。 (eliminate) It was not long before the team was eliminated. 4.好长时间没有吃到母亲做的饭了。(enjoy) It has been a long time since I enjoyed meals made by my mother. 5.自从他被选为总统已经有两年的时间了。(elect) It is two years since he was elected president. 6.这是他第二次处于紧急情况。 (emergency) It is the second time that he has been in an emergency. 7.是扩大我们的出口业务的时候了。(enlarge) It is time that we enlarged our exports. 8.据估计这位精力充沛的运动员最终会打破世界纪录。(estimate; energetic; eventually) It is estimated that the energetic athlete will eventually break the world record. 9.我从来没想到这家企业会在这么短的时间内增强自己的市场竞争力。 (enterprise; enhance) It never occurred to me that the enterprise would enhance its competitive ability in the market in such a short time. 10.你认为没有被从上面落下来的瓶子击中是很幸运的吗？ (escape) Do you think it lucky to escape being hit by the bottle falling from above