2023届高考英语语法之连词重点知识点讲解讲义(含答案)

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名称 2023届高考英语语法之连词重点知识点讲解讲义(含答案)
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版本资源 人教版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2022-09-26 23:12:35

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高中语法之连词重点知识点讲解
本章目录:
连词按照构成的几大分类
连词按照性质的几大分类
并列连词可表达的关系
几个重点并列连词的用法(必掌握)
根据构成和性质,连词有不同的分类。
按照构成分类
按照其构成,连词可分为简单连词,关联连词、分词连词和短语连词四类。
1.简单连词
but 但是
for 因为
or或者
after在.·····之后
and和
so所以
because 因为
before在·····之前
if如果
unless 如果不
although 尽管
since 既然
2.关联连词
both..,and.......··和······都
not only...but also...不但······而且······
not...but...不是······而是·
either...or...或者······或者·····
neither...nor...既不······也不····
whether...or...无论是······还是······
3.分词连词
provided 只要 assuming 假定
providing 只要 given 假如
4.短语连词
as if 仿佛
as though 仿佛
even if 即使
even though 即使
as/so long as 只要
in case 以免;万一
now that 既然
so that 以便;以致
按照性质分类
按照其性质,连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。
1.并列连词
and和 or或者
for因为 while 然而
but但是 neither...nor...既不······也不···..·
when这时;既然 not only...but also...不但······而且··
2.从属连词
that(无实义) whether是否
unless 除非 until直到
if是否;如果 before在······之前
after在·····之后 because 因为
although 虽然 since自······以来;因为
as if 仿佛 as though 仿佛
though 尽管 even though 即使
as long as 只要 even if 即使
二、并列连词
并列连词主要用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果推理关系等。
表示并列关系
表示并列关系的并列连词有:
and和
both....and........·····和······都
neither...nor.既不······也不···
not only...but also...不但·····而且···
not...but...不是······而是·····
either...or...或者·者
例句:
I used to live in Paris and London.我曾在巴黎和伦敦住过。
The weather here is neither too cold nor too hot.
这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。
She is not only kind but also honest.她不但和蔼而且诚实。
难点大突破-高频考点
高考中经常考查并列连词and的用法。
At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years,but heagreed.
【答案解析】but改为 and。此处表示“我告诉爸爸我计划每两年回去一次,并且他也同意了”,前后两个分句是并列关系,故连词应用and。(全国卷I)
There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 62()some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.
【答案解析】and。空格前后为两个结构完整的句子,且为并列关系,故用and连接。
(全国卷II)
表示转折关系
表示转折关系的并列连词有:
yet 然而
while却;但是;而
whereas但是;尽管
but 但是
注意
while在表示转折关系时,往往连接内容和结构对称的句子,侧重表示两种情况对比。
比如:I love strong tea while my father loves coffee.
我喜欢浓茶,而我爸爸喜欢咖啡。
The soles are leather, while the uppers are canvas.
鞋底是皮革的,而鞋面是帆布的。
表示选择关系
表示选择关系的并列连词有:
or 或者
either...or...或者······或者······
例句:
Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?
你是想走还是想留下?
I think Tom,as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or quit his job.
我认为汤姆作为一个大部门的领导,应该要么定期学习,要么辞职。
表示因果推理关系
表示因果关系的并列连词主要有 for。
The leaves of the trees are falling,for it's already autumn.
树叶在飘落,因为秋天已经到了。
注意:有时有些副词或短语也可以起并列连词的作用
比如:
otherwise(否则)
or else(不然的话)
however(然而)
therefore(因此)
thus(因此)
as well as(和)
例句:
He may be ill, for he is absent from the meeting today.他可能生病了,因为他今天没来开会。
Shut the window; otherwise it'll get too cold inhere.把窗户关好,不然这里面就太冷了。
He was very tired; there fore he fell sound asleep.他很累,因此睡得很沉。
I know that you are telling a lie, for you are a little panic.
我知道你在说谎,因为你有点惊慌。
for与because的用法比较
并列连词for前面常用逗号与前一分句分隔开,表示一种补充说明或为前面的内容提供推断的理由。这与从属连词 because不同,because引导的从句与主句有明确的因果关系,解释原因,常回答why的提问。
例句:
He must be at home, for the light in his room is still on.
他一定在家,因为他屋里的灯还亮着。
He was late again because the traffic was too heavy.因为交通太拥挤,他又迟到了。
几个并列连词的具体用法
1.and
and除了表示并列关系之外,还可以表示顺承、目的、反复、结果等关系。
Lily and I left early.莉莉和我离开得早。(并列)
He went to the market and bought some vegetables.他去市场买了一些蔬菜。(顺承)
注意:一般应在最后两者之间加and。在连接三个或三个以上并列的成
Allow me to go and measure the pressure again.请允许我再去测一次压力。(目的)
He talked and talked and talked until late in to the night.他谈啊谈一直谈到深夜。(反复)
Be more careful and you'll make fewer mistakes.
仔细点,这样你就会少犯点错误。(结果)
2.or、either...or...与 neither...nor...
在表示选择关系时or与either...or...的用法基本相同,但 either...or...更具强调性;而neither...nor...表示的真正意义是否定两者。在多个对象中进行选择时,可以用A or B or C. . . 、either A or B or C. ..、neither A nor B nor C...。
3.not only... but also. ..
not only...but also...连接的两个成分必须是对称的,它们可以是两个主语、宾语、谓语、表语、状语、句子等。
Last night Tom not on l y read some poems by his favourite poet but also watched a very famous film.昨晚汤姆不仅读了一些他最喜欢的诗人的诗,还看了一部很有名的电影。
Not only Bruce but also his parents want to stay in China for another year.
不仅布鲁斯而且他父母也想在中国再待一年。
①特别提示
as well as 所起的作用与 not only...but also...相当,但 as well as强调其前的部分,作主语时,谓语动词要根据 as well as前的部分而定;not only...but also...则强调后面的部分,作主语时,谓语动词要根据but also后面的部分而定。
例句:
Not only the students but also the teacher is looking forward to the holiday. (=The teacher as well as the students is looking forward to the holiday.)老师和学生们都盼望着放假。