外研版（2019)选择性必修第四册Unit 1Looking forwards 单词课堂课件 (23张 )

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单
词
课
堂
版本：新外研 单元：选择性必修四 Unit 1
本单元词汇梳理
1. boyhood 构词：boy + -hood (名词后缀：表示时期)
同后缀词：childhood, adulthood
2. ambition ambition 源自拉丁语 ambitio (四处奔走)，词根amb表示“走”，救护车 ambulance 原义就是四处走的医院。 ambition 原指古代政客四处奔走发表演说拉选票的行为。政客拉选票是为了实现自己的政治抱负，所以 ambition 引申出“野心、政治抱负” ，原本含有贬义，但现在已经变成中性词，既可以指“野心”，也可以指“雄心、志向”。词块：ambition to do sth / ambition of doing sth
派生词：ambitious
3. trainee 构词：train + -ee (被……的人)
同后缀词：employee (后缀 -ee 表示动作的接受者)
4. correspondent 构词法：correspond (v 通信) + -ent (名词后缀)
5. bullfighting 构词：bull (公牛) + fight (战斗) + -ing
6. historical 构词：history (n 历史) + -al (形容词后缀)
词块：places of historical interest
词族：history, historical, historic, historian
7. detective 构词：detect (v 发现、察觉) + -ive (做……的人)
detect：de- (off 去掉) + tect (to cover 掩盖) → 去掉掩盖 → 察觉、发现；词块：a detective story
8. ultimately 构词：ultimate (最终的) + -ly；句子副词
近义词：finally, eventually
9. dot 名词动词化“布满；星罗棋布于”(The sky was dotted with stars.)
词块：on the dot, be dotted with
10. backwards 构词：back + wards (副词后缀)；backwards是英式英语，美式是backward
同后缀词：forward(s), afterwards
11. admission 构词法：admit (必修二U2) — admission
12. participation 构词法：participate (必修二U2) — participation
词族：participate, participant, participation
plex 构词：com- (with, together 一起) + plex (to weave 编织) → 编织在一起的 → 复杂的
反义词：simple
派生词：complexity
14. undergrowth 合成词：under + growth
shift
电脑键盘上的 Shift 键，到底是干什么的？
Shift 键是键盘中的一个上档转换键，可用于中英文转换，左右各有一个 shift 键。shift 键具有输入法切换、快速切换半角和全角、选择连续文件、直接删除文件等功能。
v
vi & vt（使）转移；（使）移动：
shift the furniture
Joe listened, shifting uncomfortably from one foot to another.
The White House hopes to shift the media’s attention away from foreign policy issues.
vi & vt（使）改变 to change your opinion of or attitude towards sb / sth：
He refused to shift his ground (= change his opinion).
n
[C] 转移；转换：
A shift in the wind is expected tonight.
[C] 班；轮班：
be on the day / night / morning shift
[U]（计算机）转换（键）(shift key)
shift
基本义：（使）转移
shift 语义网络图
（使）转移
shift
（基本义）
“转移”物体
“转移”想法或态度等
（使）转移；（使）移动
（使）改变
转移；转换
班；轮班
（计算机）转换（键）
n
v
短语动词
put off
延期；推迟 (delay / postpone)：
She called this afternoon to put off the meeting to next week.
使反感；使不信任：
She is very clever but her manner does tend to put people off.
打扰；使分心：
Don’t put me off when I’m trying to concentrate.
使对……失去兴趣：
Don’t let your failures put you off trying harder.
put off 语义网络图
off
分离；离开
延期；推迟
打扰；
使分心
使对……失去兴趣
使反感；
使不信任
put off
使活动与原定日期分离
使人与兴趣或热情分离
使人与他人的好感和信任分离
使心思与正在做的事情分离
短语动词
含有 off 的短语动词：
off 表示“离开；离去”：
go off ___________；___________ 出发；let off ___________
off 表示“结束；消失”：
finish off ___________；___________ 大量杀死；___________ 还清
off 表示“（协议、运动、事件等）取消；延期”：
call off ___________；___________ 延期；推迟
off 表示“去掉；除掉；移开”：
cut off ___________；___________ 脱下
使爆炸
离开
set off
完成；吃完
kill off
pay off
取消
put off
切断
take off
pass up 放弃；错过（机会等）：
You shouldn’t pass up the opportunity to go to university.
weigh up 仔细考虑；权衡：
We can weigh up the options and try to come to a decision.
含有 up 的短语动词
up 表示“向上；向高处移动”：
___________ 起立；___________ 举起；抬高；pop up ___________
up 表示“完全；彻底”：
________ 最终处于 / 成为；pass up ___________；_________ 认输；放弃
up 表示“成碎片或分成几部分”：
break up ___________；___________ 切碎
up 表示“（数量、程度等）增加；上升”：
turn up ___________；___________ 使振作起来
stand up
put up
突然出现；冒出来
end up
放弃；错过
give up
破碎
cut up
调高
cheer up
含有 down 的短语动词
down 表示“向下”：
come down（下降）；_________ 身体垮掉；pass / hand down（把……传给）；
_________ 放下
down 表示“（写）在纸上”：write down（写下）, set down（制定）
down 表示“（数量、程度等）下降 / 减少 / 减弱”：
bring down（降低）, turn down（调低）；_________ 平静下来
turn down
关小；调低（音量等）反 turn up：
Could you please turn down your TV a bit
拒绝 (refuse)：
How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months
break down
put down
calm down
1. He has made up his mind to overcome his shortcomings.
2. Some people believe festivals should not be commercialized.
3. I had no alternative but to report him to the police.
4. Accidents often arise from / out of carelessness.
5. Our circumstances are so desperate that it is uncertain whether we will ever return alive.
6. He refused to shift his ground (= change his opinion).
7. Don’t let your failures put you off trying harder.
本单元金句汇总
随堂检测
根据句意，写出画线部分的汉语意思。
1. Gates open at 10:30 a.m. and admission is free. ___________
2. Last admissions to the park are at 6:00 p.m. ___________
3. Leaders may be afraid that admission of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. ___________
4. When I got to the admission’s office, there was already a long line of students waiting. ___________
5. Once you decide which college to go to, you should research the admission procedures. ___________
免费入场
admission
入学流程
招生办
认错
公园的最晚入园时间
mind
完成下列句子。
1. I ___________________（下定决心）I would find out what was
good in my present situation.
2. I didn’t choose English as my major in the end. I ________________ （改变主意）and chose history instead.
3. Always _________________________（记住）your main task is to
get this company running smoothly.
4. The person’s name doesn’t ___________________（出现在我的脑海中）right now.
made up my mind
changed my mind
bear / keep in mind that
come into my mind
根据句意，写出画线部分的汉语意思。
1. What he said was too complex for me to understand. ___________
2. The new sports complex opens to the public tomorrow.
___________
3. Complex sentences play an important role in learning English.
___________
4. I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life. ___________
complex
复杂的
综合楼群
复合句
复杂性
根据句意，写出画线部分的汉语意思。
1. Every TV commercial on television has a web site at the bottom of the screen. ___________
2. He failed to see the commercial value of his discovery.
___________
3. Would you be kind enough to tell me the right way to the Commercial Building ___________
4. The little boy on the seat next to you is humming（哼唱）a short commercial song.（2020 天津改） ___________
commercial
电视广告
商业价值
贸易大楼 / 商业大厦
商业 / 广告歌曲
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them ___________________________（他们能够信赖的替代物）.
2. Do you have ______________________________________ （解决这个问题的其他方法）in your mind
3. Facing energy crisis, more new __________________________（替代能源）is needed to search for.
4. I’m afraid ______________________________________（我别无他法，只有让你离开）.
5. __________________________（除了咖啡有没有其他选择）on the menu (n)
an alternative they can rely on
an alternative method of solving the problem
alternative energy
Is there an alternative to coffee
I have no alternative but to ask you to leave
alternative
arise
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise. ___________
2. More problems like those at the nuclear power plant are certain to arise. ___________
3. Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause. ___________
4. Should the need arise for extra staff, we will contact you. ___________
起床
出现 / 发生
由……引起
如果需要
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Due to circumstances beyond our control the lecture was cancelled.
___________
2. Their family financial circumstances are from bad to worse. ___________
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. __________________________（在这种情况下）, it seems better not to tell him the truth.
2. She made it clear that __________________________（绝不）would she cancel the trip.
circumstance
情况 / 情形
经济状况
In / Under the circumstances
in / under no circumstances
shift
根据句意，写出画线部分的汉语意思。
1. Within four hours of my first shift, I had angry customers who complained how slow I was. ___________
2. The 21st century has been seeing a gradual shift of people from the country to the town. ___________
3. You must press the shift key before entering each letter. ___________
4. Someone has shifted my bicycle and I can’t find it. ___________
5. Nowadays the priority for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.（2019 江苏） ___________
6. Public attitudes towards the Internet have shifted over the past 50 years. ___________
轮班
转移
转换键
（使）移动
（使）转移
改变