Unit Five languages around the world
Ⅰ. 写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1. 因素 2. 尽管 3. 品种 4. 方式 5. 尊重 6. 主要的 7. 经典的 8. 欣赏
Ⅱ. 选词填空
1.be based on/upon以……为基础，依 据……。
2.a variety of=varieties of,表示各种各样的”。
3.refer to 查阅;参考。
4.by means of依靠……方法,借助……手段。
5.be native to 原产于……。
6.ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱。
7.date back to追溯到;始于。
8.all the way一路上;始终。
9.lead to 通向;导致。
10 be connected with与……有关,与……有联系。
Ⅲ 阅读理解
DAC
语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习汉语的重要性、汉语的特点以及学习汉语的困难。
1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的…China stands to become the engine of the world’s economy in the coming years.This will make learning Chinese very important for people in many industries可知,中国在未来几年很可能成为世界经济的引擎，对许多行业的人来说，这使学习汉语变得非常重要。由此可知，学习汉语变得越来越重要是因为中国对世界经济变得重要，故D项正确。
2.A主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的For native English speakers Chinese is one of the most difficult and most different languages to learn.及All these factors make learning Chinese difficult for us.可知，本段主要介绍了学习汉语的困难，故A项正确。
3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 Yet，for a determined learner, there’s always a way to overcome it.可知，对于有决心的学习者来说，总有办法克服困难。由此可知，接下来作者可能会介绍如何克服学习汉语的困难，也就是给出学习汉语的建议，故C项正确。
Ⅳ 阅读七选五
（1）D.推理判断题。根据上文的句子"It is generally accepted that the best way to learn a language is to totally involve yourself in its culture by living in the country where it is spoken."人们普遍认为，学习一门语言的最佳方式是生活在使用该语言的国家，从而完全融入该语言的文化。可知这里是：很多人发现搬到另外一个国家是不实际的。D选项：But many find packing up and moving to a country is not a practical option.但许多人发现打包并搬到一个国家是不现实的选择。符合语境，故选D。
（2）G.细节理解题。根据上文的句子"Have you heard of online movie rentals？"你听说过在线电影租赁吗。可知这里是：现在，更多的公司给顾客提供在网上租电影的机会。所以G选项：Now，more companies are offering customers the chance to rent movies online 现在，越来越多的公司为客户提供在线租赁电影的机会。符合语境，故选G。
（3）E.推理判断题。根据下文的句子"You can look up movies by title，actor or director."你可以按片名、演员或导演来查找电影。可知这里是：选择你想要看的电影，一般一次1-3个。所以E选项：Choose the movie you want to watch，generally 1-3 at a time.选择你想看的电影，一般一次看1-3部。符合语境，故选E。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据下文的句子"he envelope is prepaid and provided by the rental service."信封预付费，由租赁服务提供。可知这里是：将电影放在返回的信封里寄回电影。所以A选项：Return the movies in a return envelope.把电影装在信封里寄回。故选A。
（5）F.细节理解题。根据下文的句子"If you don't know how to use words，learning vocabulary will lose all meaning."如果你不知道如何使用词汇，学习词汇就会失去一切意义可知这里是：每个单词想出一些例句。所以F选项：Then，think of some sample sentences for each word.然后，为每个单词想出一些例句。符合语境。故选F。
VI 语法填空
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章说明了用英语写日记是提高我们英语写作能力的一个有用的方法。
36.useful 考查形容词。句意:用英语记日记是提高英语写作能力的一个有效的方法。way 是名词，需要形容词修饰，故填 useful。
37.less考查形容词比较级。句意:与其他写作形式相比，日记的篇幅更短，花费的时间也更少。根据上文的 it is shorter 以及并列连词and可知，此处用比较级，little的比较级为less故此处应填less。
38.ourselves考查反身代词。句意:如果我们坚持这样做，渐渐地我们就会学会用英语表达自己的意思。短语express oneself意为“表达自我”，根据主语we可知应填ourselves39.finding 考查非谓语动词。句意:一开始，我们常常很难找到合适的词和短语来表达我们的思想。固定短语have trouble(in)doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”,故正确答案为 finding
40.are考查主谓一致。there be句型中谓语动词单复数要和后面的名词的数保持一致，由于words是复数形式,因此谓语动词用复数形式are。
41.it考查形式主语。对我们来说要把它们翻译成英文是极其困难的。It is hard for sb.to do sth“对某人来说做某事很困难”,故填 it。
42.properly考查副词。设空处在句中修饰动词短语put them into English,应用proper的副词形式properly。
43.that考查表语从句。句意:对于我来说，我的建议是:我们应该随手准备一个笔记本和一本汉英字典。此处引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应使用连接词that。
44.up考查动词短语。此处表示;首先我们可以在笔记本中把它记下来，然后在字典中查阅。look up意为“(在字典、参考书中)查阅”,故填up
45.development考查名词。句意:总之，我相信用英语记日记对我们写作技能的发展是非常有用的。冠词 the 后面要用名词，故填develop 的名词形式development。
提高题
Ⅰ 完形填空
本文是一篇记叙文，体现了“人与社会”的主题语境。本文主要讲述了主修语言学的在校生卢卡斯意外地发现了一枚刻着特殊符号的贝壳，通过调查，得知是甲骨文的变体。他提出了研究的申请并取得突破，他的研究成果引起了轰动。
1. D 选项：global全球的，全世界的；narrow狭窄的；native出生地的，本地的；specific特定的。由本句的“no matter how unfamiliar it is” 可知，他能用 “特定的(specific)”方法认出一种语言来，不论这种语言多么不常见。
2. C 选项：appreciated欣赏；begged恳求；discovered发现；buried埋葬。由本句“he 2 a shell with some totally strange 3 carved on it at a stall”及下文的“the symbols were…”可知，他在一个小摊上“发现(discovered)”了一个贝壳，上面刻着一些完全陌生的“符号”，symbols属于原词复现。
3. B 选项：pants裤子；symbols符号；affairs 事务；gaps缺口。见上题解析。
4. A 选项：investigation调查；calligraphy书法；delivery运送，演讲方式；summary总结。由本句的“he knew it was from a small village.”可知，基于他严谨的“调查(investigation)”，他知道这个贝壳是来自一个小村庄。
5. A 选项：referring to参考；applying for申请；sweeping away彻底消除；coming along跟随。由本句的“many related reference books”可知，“参考(referring to)”了很多相关的参考书。
6. D 选项：honored尊重；recommended推荐；employed利用；regarded把……视为。由本句的“as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen”和常识可知，这些符号被“认(regarded)”是甲骨文书写体系的一种变体。
7. B 选项：extra额外的；serious严肃的；calm冷静的；suitable合适的。上文提到这些符号被认为是追溯到公元前1500年前的甲骨文书写体系的一种变体，又由本句“applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village”可知，卢卡斯对这个发现有“严肃的(serious)”态度，他向他的大学申请了通过到那个村庄去做更深入的研究。
8. C 选项：suffered遭受；learned学习；differed不同于；survived生存。从本句的“He found the mother tongue of villagers was a special dialect”可知，这种方言的词汇“不同于(differed from)”和14亿人讲的普通话的词汇，前后比较。
9. D 选项：emergencies紧急事件；disasters灾难；crashes碰撞；challenges挑战。上文提到卢卡斯第一次来到这个小村庄，且村民都说方言，以及由常识可知，掌握方言和做研究肯定是充满了很多“挑战(challenges)”。
10. D 选项：supplied提供；destroyed破坏；tracked追踪；published发表。空格前提到他完成了报告，由下文的“attracting more people to these special characters”可知，报告被“发表
(published)”了。
11. C 选项：sheltered庇护；affected影响；created创造；damaged损坏。由空后的“by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty”可知，这些汉字是由商朝的一个小民族所“创造(created)”的。
12. B 选项：bricks砖；shells贝壳；apartments公寓；pipes管。由上文的“he 2 a shell”及“finding more shells helped him complete a report”可知，推断出这些文字是刻在骨头和“贝壳”上的，shell属于词语复现。
13. A 选项：struggling挣扎；erupting喷发；unifying统一；tapping轻叩。由本句的“Afterwards, the nation went through ups and downs, 13 for hundreds of years”可知，这个民族经历了兴衰沉浮，“挣扎(struggling)”了几百年。
14. C 选项：fluently流利地；positively积极地；finally最终地；extremely非常地。由本句的“But it 14 disappeared…”可知，这个民族经历了兴衰沉浮，挣扎了数百年，但是由于一些因素“最终(finally)”消失了。
15. B 选项：gas气体；hit轰动的事；subway地铁；champion冠军。由本句的“attracting more people to these special characters”和常识可知，卢卡斯的报告在学术界引起了“轰动(hit)”，吸引了更多的人关注这些特殊的汉字。
Ⅱ 写作
Dear Xiao Dong,
I’m sorry you are having trouble in learning English in senior high school. However,the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.
Firstly, why not try to communicate with others in English If you do so, you will feel confident gradually.Also,don’t be afraid of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes.Secondly, you should keep on reading aloud English sentences every morning and evening .That way,you'll learn many important expressions. Thirdly, it would be a good idea if you read more English newspapers and watch English movies.
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
Yours,
Li Hua英语一轮复习 必修一 Unit Five languages around the world
Ⅰ. 写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1. Physical activity is an important factor( ) in keeping healthy.
2. She achieved her goal despite( ) all the difficulties.
3. More than 2,000 varieties( ) of butterflies have been found in China until now.
4. WeChat is an increasingly popular means( ) of communication in China.
5. We have high regard( ) for Prof. Joseph because he always lives up to his principles.
6. Laziness is one of the major( ) problems for him in learning English.
7. It is necessary for primary students to read classic( ) literary works.
8. More and more people begin to appreciate( ) Chinese sci-fi movies since The Wandering Earth came out.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
refer to ups and downs be based on date back to a variety of be native to all the way lead to by means of be connected with
1. The theory he put up______________________ his many years’ research. so it was practical.
2.One of the advantages is that we can find______________________topics such as science, culture and history.
3.If you don’t understand this word,you can ______________________the dictionary.
4. Students sometimes support themselves ______________________doing part-time jobs.
5.The researcher says the tiger______________________ India.
6.Our life has its______________________ and we need someone to ride with us.
7.We visited the castle______________________ the 16th century.
8.The guy took it in good part, and we chatted happily___________________to Edinburgh.
9.“All roads__________________ Rome” means success can be achieved in many different ways.
10.Enough sleep ______________________general health conditions.
Ⅲ 阅读理解
Learning Chinese could be one of the most important decisions you have ever made. Chinese is becoming the language to learn in the 2lst century. With the world’s largest population and a rapidly growing middle class, China stands to become the engine of the world’s economy in the coming years. This will make learning Chinese very important for people in many industries, or for those of us who wish to visit China or learn from its culture and history.
There is an ongoing effort to modernize the writing system and standardize the language. An increasing number of people learning Chinese are learning Mandarin, so unless you absolutely need to learn a dialect (such as Cantonese), be sure you are studying Mandarin.
For native speakers of English, Chinese is one of the most difficult and most different languages to learn. The vocabulary is wholly unfamiliar and unlike anything we know. In addition, in the Chinese tone system, words are spoken in rising or falling tones, which help to distinguish between them. Furthermore, there is the Chinese writing system-a collection of thousands of individual ideograms（表意文字或符号）, which represent a word or an idea. These ideograms have no phonetic value—that is to say, we can’t tell how the word is pronounced by how it is written. There is a method to present written Chinese in a phonetic script called Pinyin. If you are learning Chinese, you’ll be working with this Pinyin system, but the beauty of the traditional writing system shouldn’t be passed up. All these factors make learning Chinese difficult for us. Yet, for a determined learner, there’s always a way to overcome it.
1. Learning Chinese is becoming more and more important, because ________.
A. Chinese engines are very welcome
B. China has the world’s largest population
C. there are more and more rich people in China
D. China has become important to the world’s economy
2. The last paragraph mainly tells us about ________.
A. the difficulties of learning Chinese
B. the advantages of learning Chinese
C. the Chinese tone system
D. the Chinese writing system
3. What would be probably written following this text
A. The sources of Chinese characters.
B. The importance of learning Chinese.
C. The advice on how to learn Chinese.
D. The difficulties of learning other languages.
Ⅳ 阅读七选五
Another Way to Study English：Online Movie Rentals（租赁）
It is generally accepted that the best way to learn a language is to totally involve yourself in its culture by living in the country where it is spoken. （1）______.Fortunately，many aspects of a country's culture have made their way to our lives in the form of various media and entertainment outlets（娱乐场所）.Have you heard of online movie rentals？If not，there might be an option for you to increase your language skills and enjoy some entertainment at the same time. （2）______.
Most companies require customers to operate on the following model：
Select and sign up for a payment program online，which will determine how many movies you can rent and hold at any one time.
（3）______.You can look up movies by title，actor or director.Then movies will be sent to you within 1-3 days，and shipping is covered by the company.
Watch the movies，often with no late fees.If you haven't finished on time，you can delay returning.
（4）______.The envelope is prepaid and provided by the rental service.
Check the sites for specific and up-to-date details because new companies and terms of service are always changing.
Once you receive the movies，how can you improve your language skills with them？Well，just sitting in front of the TV with a drink in one hand isn't a bad way to relax，but you won't learn much.You should take notes of new expressions while watching a movie.Write them down and look them up in a good English-English dictionary to understand their possible meanings.（5）______.If you don't know how to use words，learning vocabulary will lose all meaning.
A.Return the movies in a return envelope.
B.Watch movies as long as you have nothing to do.
C.Please make the best use of time to watch movies.
D.But many find packing up and moving to a country is not a practical option.
E.Choose the movie you want to watch，generally 1-3 at a time.
F.Then，think of some sample sentences for each word.
G.Now，more companies are offering customers the chance to rent movies online
VI. 语法填空
Keeping a diary in English is a 1. (use) way to improve our English writing abilities.
Compared with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes 2. (little) time than them. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. If we insist on this practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express 3. (we) in English. Keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many difficulties. In the first place, it often happens that we have trouble in 4. (find) proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there 5. (be) many idiomatic words in Chinese. And 6. is extremely hard for us to put them into English 7. (proper).
As far as I am concerned, my suggestion is 8. we should always have a notebook and Chinese-English-dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then look 9. our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is very useful to keep diary in English for the 10. (develop) of our writing skills.
提高题
Ⅰ 完形填空
Lucas majors in classic linguistics. He is equal to recognizing a language in a 1 way no matter how unfamiliar it is. Last year, he 2 a shell with some totally strange 3 carved on it at a stall (小摊). Based on his demanding 4 , he knew it was from a small village. Besides, after 5 many related reference books, he had his point of view: the symbols were 6 as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen, a kind of writing system which dates back to 1500 BC. Lucas had a 7 attitude to the discovery and applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village.
With permission given, he visited it. He found the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect, whose vocabulary 8 from Mandarin(普通话) spoken by 1.4 billion people. Despite many 9 , understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report. The report was 10 , where he gave a full description: The characters 11 by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty were passed down by means of bones and 12 .
Afterwards, the nation went through ups and downs, 13 for hundreds of years. But it 14 disappeared due to some factors.
Lucas’s report was a 15 in the academic field, attracting more people to these special characters.
1. A. global B. narrow C. native D. specific
2. A. appreciated B. begged C. discovered D. buried
3. A. pants B. symbols C. affairs D. gaps
4. A. investigation B. calligraphy C. delivery D. summary
5. A. referring to B. applying for C. sweeping away D. coming along
6. A. honored B. recommended C. employed D. regarded
7. A. extra B. serious C. calm D. suitable
8. A. suffered B. learned C. differed D. survived
9. A. emergencies B. disasters C. crashes D. challenges
10. A. supplied B. destroyed C. tracked D. published
11. A. sheltered B. affected C. created D. damaged
12. A. bricks B. shells C. apartments D. pipes
13. A. struggling B. erupting C. unifying D. tapping
14. A. fluently B. positively C. finally D. extremely
15. A. gas B. hit C. subway D. champion
Ⅱ 写作
李华是一名高一学生。最近他来信说不知道如何学好高中英语,感到苦恼。请你给他写一封回信，提出你的建议。建议内容如下:
1.尽量用英语交流,不要怕犯错误;
2.坚持每天早晚朗读英语;
3.多读英文报纸，看英文电影。
注意:1.内容必须包括以上所有要点;
2.可适当增加内容,以使行文连贯;
3.词数:100左右。开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。
Dear Xiao Dong,
_____________
Yours, Li Hua
