译林版（2020） 选修第一册 Unit 1 Food matters Reading 知识点课件-(28张ppt)

(共27张PPT)
B8U1 reading
Language Points
BY G.Z
Read for strucutre
Para. 3:
Para. 2:
Para. 4:
Para. 5:
Para. 1: We should explore the world beneath the ocean for new life forms and unusual geological formations.
Introduction
Main body
Conclusion
Much of the known marine life lives in the open ocean, and small filter feeders and hunters live in the twilight zone.
The deep ocean is home to the strangest creatures on the Earth.
Shrimps and other organisms live around
hydrothermal vents, and the Mariana Trench can be found on the ocean floor.
More wonders beneath the surface of the ocean await us.
Zones Depths Environment Life forms or
geological formations
The open ocean
The twilight zone Little sunlight ● Almost no plant life
● Small filter feeders
● ______________________
The deep ocean ● No light ● ____________ _______________ ● Huge pressures ● Blind, strange organisms, and some having male and female organs
● Shrimps and other organisms
●
Complete the following table.
1,000 metres to the ocean floor
Hunters with telescopic, upward-pointing eyes and backward-curving teeth
0 to 200 metres
Most visible light
200 metres to 1,000 metres
Much of the known marine life
Temperatures just above freezing
Hydrothermal vents, the Mariana Trench and rock bridges
Check your answers:
Write a summary of the transcript in no more than 100 words according to the table.
Analyse the features of the documentary transcript.
Introduction
Conclusion
Main body
1. a very clear structure
2. Organised in spatial(空间的) order ( from surface to bottom)
3. narrated in the first person ( from the perspective of a host)
4. apply some questions and exclamatory sentences(感叹句)
welcome to the unit
1. documentary transcript
2. result from
3. be believed to do
纪录片文字稿
由……引起
被认为…，被相信…
Language points Para1
1. the vastness of space
2. advance our undersatnding of the universe
3. our curiosity about outer space
4. it is estimated that ...
5. remain unshakeable
6.explore the unknown
7.unusual geological formations
8.dive to the bottom of the ocean
太空的浩瀚无垠
增进对宇宙的了解
我们对太空的好奇心
据估算
仍然不动摇
构词法：动词shake + -able 构成 shakeable (adj.) [后缀常改变词性]
shakeable + un- 构成 unshakeable (adj.) [前缀常改变意思]
类似方式构成的词有：unanswerable, unbelievable, unchangeable, unimaginable, unstoppable, unthinkable 等
探索未知
不寻常的地质构造
潜到海底
Language points Para2-3
1.prevent them from getting away
2.in equal measure
3.rely solely on their eyesight to survive
4. evolve fascinating survival characteristics
5. detect slight changes in water pressure
6. avoid being caught
察觉水压的细微变化
仅依靠视觉生存
进化出神奇的生存特征
在同样程度上
阻止它们逃跑
避免被捕获
1. in full measure
2. in great measure
3. in some measure
4. for good measure
最大程度地；最大限度地
在很大程度上
在某种程度上
作为额外增添
Para. 4-5
1.on/upon doing
2. it is thought that ...
3. in addition to sth.
4. be located in
5. be known as
6. far(adj.) from
一…（就…）
人们认为
除了……以外
位于
作为……被知道
远非
Page 5
1.spare no effort in sth./ to do sth.
2. with all of its core components produced solely by China (with sth. done)
3. undersea exploration
4. witness another significant milestone
5. obtain new sights into the ocean
不遗余力做某事
所有核心部件皆由中国制造
海底探索
见证了另一个重要阶段
对海洋有新的深入了解
as well as
in addition to sb/sth; too 除……之外；也；还
① He plays classical music, as well as pop and jazz.
② They sell books as well as newspapers.
1. So, if we want to find exciting new life forms as well as undiscovered and unusual geological formations, the ocean is where we should also be looking.
where引导的表语从句
if引导的条件状语从句
他演奏流行音乐和爵士乐，同时也演奏古典音乐。
他们既卖报也卖书。
所以，如果我们想要发现令人兴奋的新生命形式，以及未被发现的和不寻常的地质构造，海洋也是我们应该关注的地方。
Sentence analysing for better understanding.
Para1 Difficult sentences
2.The first 200 metres of our dive takes us through what
can be called the open ocean, where most visible light exists.(Para. 2)
我们下潜的头200米带我们穿过所谓的透光区，这里有大部分可见光。
visible adj. 可见的，明显的
整句类型为__________，其中，__________引导through之后的__________，并在从句中作__________，__________引导____________________，并在从句中作__________，先行词是____________________。
what
where
宾语从句
主语
主从复合句
非限制性定语从句
状语
the open ocean
Para2 Difficult sentences
3. Sinking below 200 metres, we enter the twilight zone,
where there is little sunlight and thus almost no plant life.(Para. 2)
下潜到200米以下，我们进入暮光区，这里没有阳光，因此几乎没有植物。
整句类型为__________，__________引导____________________，并在从句中作__________，先行词是____________________。
主从复合句
非限制性定语从句
where
状语
the twilight zone
Para2 Difficult sentences
4. Also living in the twilight zone are hunters with telescopic, upward-pointing eyes that can easily spot a meal in the waters above.
① Standing by the lake was a middle-aged man, who seemed to be a farmer.
② Seated at the centre of the classroom was Lily, who was practising Chinese calligraphy.
莉莉坐在教室中央，正在练习中国书法。
主语
一位看起来像农民的中年人站在湖边。
主语 hunters后面有较长的修饰语，为了使句子更为平衡，将谓语部分的动词 -ing 形式置于句首，形成倒装句。
同样生活在暮光区的还有双眼凸起向上的猎食者，它们能轻易地发现上面水域中的食物。
谓语
完全倒装句
定语从句
修饰主语
Para2 Difficult sentences
5.Consequently, the fish most likely to be eaten have evolved to have thin bodies so that they are less easily seen from below.(Para. 2)
结果，最有可能被吃掉的鱼已经进化成细长的身体，从下面不太容易看见它们。
整句类型为__________，__________引导____________________，另外，most likely to be eaten是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰__________。
主从复合句
状语从句
so that
the fish
consequently adv. 结果，所以
be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事
Para 2 Difficult sentences
6. Also, some fish have both male and female organs to increase the chances of reproduction, as fish are so scarce at these depths that it can be difficult for them to find a mate.
此外，一些鱼类同时拥有雄性和雌性器官，以增加繁殖的机会，因为在这样的深度鱼类稀少，以至于它们很难找到配偶。
结果状语从句
原因状语从句
Para 3 Difficult sentences
不定式作目的状语
7. Of the many strange geological formations to be found here/ are/ rock bridges which cross the Trench, some reaching a height of 2,500 metres above the Challenger Deep.(Para. 4)
整句类型为__________。__________引导_______________，先行词是______________。
主从复合句
限制性定语从句
which
该句是__________，句子主语是_______________。
倒装句
rock bridges
rock bridges
Para 4 Difficult sentences
7. Of the many strange geological formations to be found here/ are/ rock bridges which cross the Trench, some reaching a height of 2,500 metres above the Challenger Deep.(Para. 4)
在这里发现的许多奇怪的地质构造中有横穿海沟的石桥，有些高度达到“挑战者深渊”上方2500米。
“some reaching a height of 2,500 metres above the Challenger Deep”为独立主格结构，相当于状语，基本形式为“逻辑主语+doing/done/形容词短语/副词短语/介词短语”，即正常的主谓结构去掉be动词，该逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，试比较：
①He spending much time playing computer games, his performance became worse.
②Spending much time palying compouter games, he performed worse.
花了太多时间玩电脑游戏，他表现变差了。
Para 4 Difficult sentences
8. On our journey down, we have been fascinated by incredible geological formations as well as unexpected life forms that have become stangely adapted to their extreme environment.(Para. 5)
be fascinated by 被……吸引/迷住
incredible adj.不可思议的，难以置信的
as well as 以及（A as well as B作主语，谓语动词单复数根据A定）
adapt (oneself) to sth. 适应
在我们下潜的旅途中，不可思议的地质构造，还有已经出奇地适应了极端环境的、出乎意料的生物，令我们心驰神往。
整句类型为__________，_____引导_______________，在从句中作________，不能省略，先行词是__________________。
that
主从复合句
life forms
限制性定语从句
主语
Para 5 Difficult sentences
9. With so much of the oceans left to explore, who knows what wonders still await us in the future.(Para. 5)
整句类型为__________。__________引导know之后的__________。
主从复合句
宾语从句
what
“With so much of the oceans left to explore”是with的复合结构之“with sth. done”，leave+n.+to do表示让……处于某种状态。
海洋还剩下这么多的地方要被探索，谁知道未来还有什么奇迹等着我们呢？
Para 5 Difficult sentences
The passage below is about China’s efforts to explore the deep ocean. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrase in the box below.
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
The world’s vast oceans, now well accepted as the Earth’s “final frontier”, ___________________ the hearts of scientists and explores. While most of the Earth’s land mass has been explored and mapped, around 80% of the oceans remain to be explored and great discoveries ________________ us. Therefore, many countries have spared no effort in deep-sea exploration.
capture/have captured
await
spare on effort in sth 在某方面不遗余力
spare on effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
Leading the way is China, one of the few countries that have developed the ability to send humans to the deepest parts of our oceans.
In June 2012, China’s first deep-sea manned submersible, Jiaolong, set a world ______________ record for submersibles of its kind, by reaching a depth of 7,062 metres in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.
diving
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
In 2017, China successfully tested Shenhai Yongshi, a submersible capable of reaching a depth of 4,500 metres. Later it conducted hundreds of dives in different oceans, exploring what lay deep _______________ the water. With all of its core components produced ________________ by China, it has paved the way for deeper and broader undersea exploration in the future.
beneath
solely
pave the way for sth 为某事铺平道路
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
The year 2020 witnessed another significant milestone in China’s ________________ technology, when the deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe completed eight successful dives of more than 10,000 metres in the Mariana Trench.
marine
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
These breakthroughs have demonstrated China’s determination to explore the deep sea and its underwater research potential _______________. Travelling down to extreme depths not only allows us to _______________ new insights into the ocean, but it also opens up exciting opportunities that will eventually benefit the world above.
in equal measure
obtain
1. 我们头顶上那幢巨型高层建筑就是布赖恩的住处所在。
2. 埋在沙子里的是一座有着一千年历史的古城。
That big high-rise above us is ________ Brian lives.
__________ in the sands was an ancient city with a history of 1,000 years.
where
Buried
3. Jane说她面试又没通过，因为她太紧张了，无法表达自己的观点。
Jane said that she failed to get the offer again, as she was ______ nervous _______ she couldn't express herself.
so that
Thank you！