专题07.语法填空(通用)(解析版)-2023届全国各地名校最新高考英语试题精选速递(第一期)

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名称 专题07.语法填空(通用)(解析版)-2023届全国各地名校最新高考英语试题精选速递(第一期)
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2023届全国各地名校高三最新英语试题精选速递
1.【Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研宄联盟)2022-2023学年髙三第一次联考】
2.【安徽省皖江名校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底考】
3.【河南省九师联盟2022-2023学年高三开学考】
4.【江西省省重点校联盟2022-2023学年高三入学摸底联考】
5.【湖北省高中名校联盟2023届新高三第一次联合测评】
6.【2023届山东省齐鲁名校高三第一次学业质量联合检测】
7.【江苏南京六校联合体2023届高三联合调研试题】
8.【辽宁省名校联盟2022年高三9月份联合考试】
9.【“西南汇”联考2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试】
10.【云南省昆明市五华区2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量摸底检测】
1.【Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研宄联盟)2022-2023学年髙三第一次联考】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。
The first domestic chickens we have found lived no earlier than 3,670 years ago, suggesting they have a far shorter history than we thought. These birds don’t seem to have been raised for their meat, ____56____ (make) it unclear what drove domestication. The chickens alive today descend from a wild bird native to South-East Asia ____57____ (call) the red jungle fowl, but exactly ____58____ domestication occurred was unclear. Some researchers have estimated that the first domestic chicken lived more than 6000 years ago, while others claim ____59____ (find) chicken bones at 10,000-year-old sites. ____60____ analysis by Ophelie Lebrasseur at the Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse in France and her team concludes that the ____61____ (early) clear evidence of domestic chickens appeared between 1,650 BC and 1,250 BC at a site called Ban Non Wat in central Thailand. Not only ____62____ (be) chicken bones superabundant at the site, but there are signs that people were buried with the birds, ____63____ Lebrasseur says makes a domestic relationship clear. Lebrasseur and her team suspect chicken domestication might have been triggered by the ____64____ (appear) of cereal fanning in South-East Asia. “This created a more open, less tree-covered environment, which is actually an environment where red jungle fowl thrive,” she says, “And they could have fed ____65____ the waste from human societies.”
【答案】56. making 57. called 58. when 59. to have found 60. An
61. earliest 62. are 63. which 64. appearance 65. on
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了家养鸡的历史。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这些鸟似乎不是为了吃肉而饲养的,不清楚是什么驱动了驯化。分析可知,空处及之后的内容在句中为结果状语,所以此处用现在分词。故填making。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意:今天活着的这些鸡是一种原产于东南亚的野生鸟类——红色丛林鸡的后代,但是确切的驯化时间还不清楚。分析可知,句中已有谓语动词descend,此处为过去分词作后置定语修饰名词a wild bird,意为“被叫做red jungle fowl的野鸟”,故填called。
3. 考查连词。句意同上。空处引导主语从句,从句成分完整,此处指究竟什么时候开始驯养鸡的还不明确,连接副词when“什么时候”,符合题意,故填when。
4. 考查非谓语。句意:一些研究人员估计,第一只家鸡生活在6000多年前,而其他人声称发现鸡骨头在10,000年前的遗址。claim to do sth“声称做某事”,是固定短语,且“发现”发生在“声称”之前,应用不定式的完成式,故填to have found。
5. 考查冠词。句意:法国图卢兹人类生物学和基因组学中心的奥菲利·勒布拉瑟和她的研究小组的一项分析得出结论,最早明确的家鸡证据出现在公元前1650年至公元前1250年之间的泰国中部一个叫 Ban Non Wat 的地方。analysis“研究”为可数名词,结合句中“analysis by Ophelie at the Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse in France and her team ”可知,此处指法国图卢兹人类生物学和基因组学中心的奥菲利·勒布拉瑟和她的研究小组的一项分析,所以表示泛指,因analysis的首个音素为元音音素,所以用不定冠词an,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填An。
6. 考查形容词最高级。句意同上。定冠词the用在形容词的最高级前面,此处指最早的证据出现在1,650 BC and 1,250 BC之间,故填earliest。
7. 考查主谓一致。句意:现场不仅有大量的鸡骨头,而且有迹象表明人们和这些鸟一起被埋葬,勒布拉塞尔说,这清楚地表明了家庭关系。主语为chicken bones,且陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;故填are。
8. 考查定语从句。句意同上。分析可知,空处及其后内容为非限制定语从句,空处指代前面整句话,从句缺少主语,所以用关系代词which,故填which。
9. 考查名词。句意:勒布拉瑟和她的团队怀疑,东南亚谷物种植的出现可能引发了鸡的驯化。结合空前定冠词可知,此处要用名词。故填appearance。
10. 考查介词。句意:它们可以以人类社会的垃圾为食。固定短语:feed on以……为食。故填on。
2.【安徽省皖江名校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底考】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Laba Festival, also simply called “Laba”, falls on the eighth day of the ____41____ (twelve) month of the Chinese lunar year, which month is pronounced as “la” in Chinese.
Since it is in the last lunar month, the festival ____42____ (imply) saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new, and often regarded as ____43____ warm-up celebration for the upcoming Spring Festival.
This festival may date back to the ancient Chinese custom of ____44____ (sacrifice) offerings to the ancestors. As for its origin, one story has it ____45____ the Ming emperor Zhu Yuanzhang herded (放牧) the landowner’s cattle when he was a child. He was locked in a small room ____46____ one of the cattle broke its leg and the landowner didn’t give him any food for three days. Zhu was starved to death and searched every corner of the room. He found a mouse hole and ____47____ (dig) out some beans, grain and some other food, so he put them together ____48____ (make) some porridge (粥) and found it delicious.
Later, Zhu Yuanzhang made himself an emperor. When he thought of the delicious porridge he ate in the ____49____ (child), he ordered his servants to cook sweet porridge and shared with the top officials. Afterwards, the officials learned to cook the porridge themselves and introduced it to the civil society. _____50_____ (gradual) eating porridge became a traditional custom.
【答案】41. twelfth 42. implies 43. a 44. sacrificing 45. that 46. because##as
47. dug 48. to make 49. childhood 50. Gradually
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述的是腊八节的典故。
【41题详解】
考查序数词。句意:腊八节,或简称“腊八”,在每年农历十二月初八,在中国,农历十二月亦即腊月。结合语意,此处是指农历的第十二个月,所以应用序数词twelfth表示排序。故填twelfth。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意:因为腊八节在农历的最后一个月,所以寓意辞旧迎新,而且经常被视为是即将到来的春节的“前奏”。此处是陈述一个一般事实,所以时态应为一般现在时。主语festival是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词imply也应用单数形式。故填implies。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意:因为腊八节在农历的最后一个月,所以寓意辞旧迎新,而且经常被视为是春节到来的“前奏”。结合语意,此处泛指腊八节是春节前的一个“前奏”(“热身”节庆),且warm-up发音以辅音音素开头,所以此处应用冠词a修饰celebration。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:腊八节可能源于中国祭祀祖先的古代习俗。of是介词,后面接动词时动词应用动名词形式。sacrifice的动名词形式为sacrificing。故填sacrificing。
【45题详解】
考查固定句型。句意:至于腊八节的典故,传说源于明朝皇帝朱元璋,他小时候放养地主家的牛。…have/has it that…是固定句型,意为“据说,据传”。故填that。
【46题详解】
考查连词。句意:因为有头牛摔断了腿,所以他被锁进一个小房间里,而且地主三天没有给他任何食物。结合语意,有头牛摔断了腿是他被锁进小房间里的原因,所以此处应用连词because或as表原因。故填because或as。
【47题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:他找到了一个老鼠洞,挖出了一些豆子、谷物和其他一些食物,于是他将这些食物一并放入煮粥,结果发现味道不错。结合语意,事情发生在过去,所以此处时态应为一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式,dig的过去式为dug。故填dug。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:他找到了一个老鼠洞,挖出了一些豆子、谷物和其他一些食物,于是他将这些食物一并放入煮粥,结果发现味道不错。分析句子结构可知,动词make和谓语动词put之间没有连词,所以此处make应用非谓语形式。结合语意,此处make应用不定式to make,充当目的状语。故填to make。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意:他想起了小时候喝过的粥很美味,于是他令下人煮甜粥,并分给高官一起享用。结合语意,此处是指“在小时候”,应用in the childhood表示。故填childhood。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意:渐渐地,喝粥便成为了传统习俗。分析句子结构可知,此处应填副词Gradually,作状语,修饰整个句子。句首字母要大写。故填Gradually。
3.【河南省九师联盟2022-2023学年高三开学考】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, I took a small boat and rowed miles along a little river in the middle of New York’s Adirondack Mountains ___41___(escape) the maddening noise in the city.
One of the rewards for this remote trip was the total peace in the mountains. Here, I was completely alone. There was not another soul ___42___ sight. No cars, no signals to draw me toward my phone.
I rowed through little ponds ___43___ (surround) by grass and red berries on the shores. To go deeper into the wild, I made my way through a chain of rocky rapids (急流). As I rowed along I saw a yellow maple leaf pressed against a rock by the current.
When it was impossible for ___44___(I) to row my boat, I tied it to my waist and pulled it behind me, w with my pants rolled to my ___45___(knee). To my delight, I found that the water still held some of the warmth summer.
Soon after I reached a stretch of rapids___46___ were too violent to get through, I was forced to carry my little boat on my shoulders.___47___(walk) along a trail in the shadowy forest, I saw___48___(variety) plants that have started to turn reddish. When the river slowed down again, I put down my boat and rowed on. On ___49___ (arrive) at the end of the little river, I was extremely tired ____50____ I felt really happy and complete relaxed.
【答案】41. to escape 42. in##within 43. surrounded 44. me 45. knees
46. that##which 47. Walking 48. various 49. arrival 50. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在Adirondack Mountains划船的经历。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:上周,我乘坐了一条小船,沿着纽约阿迪朗达克山脉中间的一条小河划了数英里,以逃离城市里令人发狂的噪音。分析该句成分可知,此处用所给动词的不定式作目的状语。故填to escape。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意:眼前一个人影也没有。in/within sight意为“在视野范围内”,为固定短语。故填in/within。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:我划船穿过小池塘,池塘的岸边长满了草和红色的浆果。分析该句成分可知,所填词在此处作后置定语,修饰ponds。而目surround与ponds之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词surrounded。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意:当我划不动船的时候,我就把它系在腰上,拉在身后,裤子卷到膝盖上。分析该句成分可知,所填词在此处作介词for的宾语,所以用所给代词的宾格形式。故填me。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:当我划不动船的时候,我就把它系在腰上,拉在身后,裤子卷到膝盖上。根据常识可知,作者会把两条裤腿都卷起来,所以此处用所给名词的复数。故填knees。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:在我到达一段急流后不久,我被迫把我的小船扛在肩上。分析该句成分可知,该句是一个限定性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,且先行词为rapids,所以用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:在阴暗的森林里,我沿着一条小路走着,看到各种各样的植物开始变红了。分析该句结构可知,所填词与逻辑主语I存在逻辑上的主谓关系,故用所给动词的现在分词形式,作状语。故填Walking。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意:在阴暗的森林里,我沿着一条小路走着,看到各种各样的植物开始变红了。根据空后的名词可知,此处需用所给名词的形容词形式。故填various。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意:当我到达小河的尽头时,我非常累,但我感到非常高兴和彻底的放松。on/upon +名词,表示“一……就……”。故填arrival。
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意:当我到达小河的尽头时,我非常累,但我感到非常高兴和彻底的放松。根据句意可知,该空用连词but表示转折关系。注意:这里不能用yet,因为空前没有逗号等分隔符。故填but。
4.【江西省省重点校联盟2022-2023学年高三入学摸底联考】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, a short video went viral, ____41____ (show) a Chinese schoolgirl analyzing the Russia-Ukraine crisis with reference to Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ____42____ Chinese classic.
This video even attracted attention from the Philippine Foreign Secretary Teddy Locsin Jnr. He was so impressed by it that he tweeted it and he ____43____ (report) to have even thought of sending his granddaughter ____44____ (study) in China after that.
Indeed, some Chinese ancient classics consist of Chinese ____45____ (wise) and philosophy which still have referential significance for contemporary society. For example, Teddy told the Global Times that ____46____ he took away from The Art of War are three lessons. The first is only to enter battles you know you can win ____47____ (complete), second is to do everything you can, and third is to plan secretly.
“This amazing book leaves me ____48____ (inspire). It gives me life lessons. I have learnt how to manage all things through this book,” he said.
According to analysts, these books share universal values.The core (核心) of ____49____ (they) is peace-loving, harmony and a win-win attitude which the Chinese nation attaches importance ____50____. These values are in the DNA of Chinese people and people in other countries should learn from them.
【答案】41. showing 42. a 43. was reported 44. to study 45. wisdom 46. what
pletely 48. inspired 49. them 50. to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一个中国女孩引用《三国演义》中的故事来浅谈俄乌局势的视频在网上走红,这也引起了很多人对中国经典书籍的价值的重新认识。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意:最近,一段短视频在网上疯传,视频中,一名中国女学生参照中国经典名著《三国演义》分析俄乌危机。根据结构判断句中缺少作定语的非谓语短语,video和动词show之间是主动关系,判断用现在分词。故填showing。
2.考查冠词。句意同上。此处是同位语短语,解释说明 Romance of the Three Kingdoms,泛指:一部中国经典名著,且Chinese的发音是辅音音素开头,故填a。
3.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:它给他留下了深刻的印象,他在推特上发布了它。据报道,在那之后,他甚至想过把自己的孙女送到中国学习。从结构判断此处是“sb.be reported to do sth.”,主语he和谓语动词report是被动关系,根据上下文可知,讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,故填 was reported。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据固定短语send sb. to do sth“派某人做某事”可知,空处应用不定式。故填to study。
5.考查名词。句意:的确,中国古代的一些经典中蕴含着中国的智慧和哲理,对当代社会仍有借鉴意义。此处和philosophy一起作介词of的并列宾语,判断填名词形式。wisdom“智慧”是不可数名词,故填wisdom。
6.考查主语从句。句意:例如,泰迪告诉《环球时报》,他从《孙子兵法》中学到了三个教训。从结构可知,“________ he took away from The Art of War”是主语从句,在that引导的宾语从句中作主语,主语从句中缺少宾语,表示“……(东西)”应用连接代词what。故填what。
7.考查副词。句意:第一是进入你知道自己可以完全获胜的战斗,第二是尽你所能,第三是秘密计划。修饰动词win应该用副词作状语。故填completely。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意:这本神奇的书给了我灵感。它给我上了人生的课。通过这本书,我学会了如何管理所有的事情,这里用提示动词的过去分词inspired作宾语补足语表示“得到启示的”,说明人的感受,故填inspired。
9.考查代词。句意:他们的核心是中华民族所重视的爱好和平、和谐共赢的态度。介词of后应该用代词的宾格形式,指代上文提到的 universal values,应用复数,故填them。
10.考查介词。句意同上。固定短语 attach importance to意为“重视”是固定短语。故填to。
5.【湖北省高中名校联盟2023届新高三第一次联合测评】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou-13 return capsule, carrying the three Chinese astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, 56 (safe) landed back on Earth on Saturday morning after a record breaking six-month mission in space. China declared the Shenzhou-13 mission 57 complete success after the medical team waiting on site confirmed that all three astronauts were 58 good health.
Zhai, the commander of the mission, was the first 59 (come) out of the capsule, waving his hand to the cheering crowd on site with a big smile. He said he felt very good. He 60 (follow) by Wang, the first female Chinese astronaut who had entered China’s space station. “I want to tell my daughter, mom returned after reaching for the stars,” she said. Ye 61 (exit) last from the capsule. “My first fight to space lasted six 62 (month), which was a challenge to me. My space dream came true,” he said.
During the six-month journey in the space station, the crew confirmed key technologies for the construction of the space station, 63 (involve) in-orbit transposition of spacecraft and robotic arm operation of heavy loads. Besides 64 (science) missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during 65 they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth.
safely,考查副词。根据语境可知,此句意为“安全地着陆”,修饰动词landed,故填safely。
a,考查不定冠词。此句意为“宣布神州13号是一个巨大的成功”,success作Shenzhou-13 mission的宾语补足语,complete success欠缺不定冠词,故填a。
in,考查介词。be in good health意为“身体健康”。
to come,考查非谓语作后置定语,当被修饰词前面有序数词时,要用动词不定式作后置定语,故填to come。
was followed,考查谓语动词的时态、语态、主谓一致。根据语境可知,此句意为“紧随其后的是王亚平”,他是“被跟随”,所以是被动语态,时态根据上下文是过去时,故填was followed。
exited,考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知,此处在陈述过去的事情,所以是过去时,又是主动退出,所以用主动语态,故填exited。
months,考查名词单复数。“6个月”,故填months。
involving,考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为分词短语作状语,动词involve和其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系。
scientific,考查形容词。根据语境可知,此句意为“除了科学的任务之外”,用形容词修饰mission,故填scientific。
which,考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代lectures,故填which。6.【2023届山东省齐鲁名校高三第一次学业质量联合检测】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Born in Jining City, Shandong Province, in 1927, Qiao Yu, ____36____ household name in China, ____37____ real name was Qiao Qingbao, had a long career spanning seven decades. He wrote over 1,000 songs, and has gained ____38____ (popular) among audiences. He also published poems ____39____ wrote scripts (剧本) for movies and Chinese operas.
As a child, Qiao Yu, ____40____ (influence) by his father, read books about ____41____ (tradition) Chinese culture and recited Chinese poems. He only started school at the age of nine due to his family impoverishment.
In 1946, he left his hometown ____42____ (study) at Beifang University, where he began publishing poems and novels. In 1948, Qiao Yu started to work with Chinese poets, ____43____ (write) and playwrights, such as He Jingzhi and Guang Weiran.
One of his best-known songs is My Motherland, which ____44____ (consider) as an ode (颂歌) to China. Let Us Sway Twin Oars, also a song by Qiao Yu, was published in 1955. _____45_____ its wide success, the song is included in the teaching materials for music classes in Chinese primary and middle schools.
【答案】36. a 37. whose 38. popularity 39. and 40. influenced
41. traditional 42. to study 43. writers 44. is considered 45. With
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名词作家、剧作家乔羽的生平事迹。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意:1927年出生于山东济宁市的乔羽,在中国家喻户晓,原名乔庆宝,他的职业生涯长达70年。____1____ household name in China是Qiao Yu的同位语,意为“一个家喻户晓的名字”,应用不定冠词来修饰,且household发音是以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:1927年出生于山东济宁市的乔羽,在中国家喻户晓,原名乔庆宝,他的职业生涯长达70年。____2____ real name was Qiao Qingbao是非限制性定语从句,修饰Qiao Yu,关系词在从句中作定语,表示“乔宇的”,应该用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意:他写了1000多首歌,很受观众们喜爱。该空作gain的宾语,应该用名词popularity,且为不可数名词。故填popularity。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意:他还发表诗歌,为电影和戏曲写剧本。该空连接并列谓语published和wrote。连接并列成分,应该用并列连词and。故填and。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:在父亲的影响下,乔羽从小就阅读有关中国传统文化的书籍,背诵中国诗歌。____5____ (influence) by his father是定语,修饰Qiao Yu,Qiao Yu和influence之间是被动关系。表被动,应该用过去分词。故填influenced。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意:在父亲的影响下,乔羽从小就阅读有关中国传统文化的书籍,背诵中国诗歌。该空作名词Chinese culture的定语,应该用形容词。故填traditional。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:1946年,他离开家乡到北方大学学习,在那里他开始出版诗歌和小说。____7____ (study) at Beifang University在句中作目的状语。表目的,应该用动词不定式。故填to study。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意:1948年,乔羽开始与贺敬之、广卫然等中国诗人、作家、剧作家合作。此处应用名词writer(剧作家)作宾语,是可数名词。该空和poets、playwrights并列,空前无其他限制词,应该用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填writers。
【44题详解】
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他最著名的歌曲之一是《我的祖国》,这首歌被认为是对中国的颂歌。空格处作谓语,在陈述一个事实,应该用一般现在时态。主语which(指My Motherland)是单数,和consider之间是被动关系。因此,该空应填is considered。故填is considered。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意:由于这首歌的广泛成功,它被列入中国中小学音乐课教材。该空后面是名词,故空处应该填介词。表示“由于,随着”,应该用介词with,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填With。
7.【江苏南京六校联合体2023届高三联合调研试题】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study published in the journal Nature, a research team say a new enzyme (酶) is capable of breaking down the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ____56____ (use) in soda bottles, textiles and packaging into raw materials in a matter of hours. ____57____ (like) traditional recycling of PETs, which are generally of lower-quality and can only be used for products like clothing and carpets, ____58____ this new process results in is durable (耐用的) base material suitable for new food-grade bottles.
“It makes the true industrial-scale biological recycling of PET ____59____ reality,” professor John McGeehan said. He ____60____ (be) the lead researcher on a breakthrough in 2018, which used a similar enzyme to break down plastic over the course of several days. “It has the potential to reduce our ____61____ (depend) on oil, cut carbon emissions and energy use,” he added.
____62____ the new enzyme only breaks down PETs, it will still have a major influence on limiting pollution and helping improve recycling capabilities ____63____(global).
“With the new enzyme, the PET industry will become truly circular, ____64____ is the goal of all players in this industry, especially brand-owners, PET producers and our civilization as a whole,” said Dr. Saleh Jabarin, a member of the study.
In an effort _____65_____ (make) use of the enzyme at an industrial-scale level, Carbios, the French company behind the study, has partnered with many companies to accelerate development.
【答案】56. used 57. Unlike 58. what 59. a 60. was
61. dependence 62. Though##Although##While 63. globally 64. which 65. to make
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种新的酶能分解PET,使PET的真正工业规模的生物回收成为现实,且在限制污染和帮助提高全球回收能力方面产生重大影响。
【56题详解】
考查过去分词。句意:在《自然》杂志发表的一项研究中,一个研究小组说,一种新的酶能够在几个小时内将苏打水瓶、纺织品和包装材料中使用的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)分解成原材料。本句已有谓语,空处用非谓语;主语the polyethylene terephthalate (PET)与use之间是被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语,故填used。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意:与传统的PET回收利用不同,传统的 PET 回收利用通常质量较低,只能用于服装和地毯等产品,这种新工艺产生的结果是耐用的基础材料适用于新的食品级瓶子。本处意在与传统的PET回收利用工艺作对比,凸显新工艺不像传统工艺那样;故用like的反义词unlike;句首单词首字母用大写;故填Unlike。
【58题详解】
考查主语从句。句意:与传统的PET回收利用不同,传统的 PET 回收利用通常质量较低,只能用于服装和地毯等产品,这种新工艺产生的结果是耐用的基础材料适用于新的食品级瓶子。空处是主语从句的引导词,表示“什么”,在从句中作宾语,用what;故填what。
【59题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:“它使PET的真正工业规模的生物回收成为现实,”John McGeehan说。make sth. a reality是固定短语,译为“使某事成为现实”;故填a。
【60题详解】
考查时态。句意:他是2018年一项重大突破的首席研究员,该突破利用一种类似的酶在几天内分解塑料。他是2018年的一项重大突破的研究员,应用一般过去时;故填was。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意:“它有可能减少我们对石油的依赖,减少碳排放和能源使用,”他补充说。our是形容词性物主代词,后接名词作宾语,根据英文提示应填dependence,是不可数名词;故填dependence。
【62题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意:尽管这种新型酶只能分解PET,但它仍将在限制污染和帮助提高全球回收能力方面产生重大影响。空处是让步状语从句的引导词,表示“虽然、尽管”,可用though、although、while来引导;句首单词首字母用大写;故填Though/Although/While。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意:尽管这种新型酶只能分解PET,但它仍将在限制污染和帮助提高全球回收能力方面产生重大影响。副词globally作状语修饰动词;根据英文提示,故填globally。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:有了这种新的酶,PET行业将变得真正的循环,这是该行业所有参与者的目标,特别是品牌所有者、PET生产商和我们整个文明的目标,”研究成员Saleh Jabarin博士说。本处是非限定性定语从句,先行词是the PET industry will become truly circular,空处是引导词,指代前面整个句子,用which;故填which。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:为了尝试在工业规模上利用这种酶,该研究背后的法国公司Carbios 已与许多公司合作以加速开发。in an effort to do sth.是固定短语,译为“试图做某事”;故填to make。
8.【辽宁省名校联盟2022年高三9月份联合考试】
【答案】36. which 37. is named 38. museums 39. dating 40. with
41. admiration 42. randomly 43. various##varied 44. to discover 45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是美国律师Mitch Dudek建造了一座私人博物馆,游客可以直接接触到古城苏州的所有展品。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:你上一次参观一个几乎所有藏品都能触摸到的博物馆是什么时候?空格处是“介词+which”引导的定语从句,先行词museum是物,因此空格处用which,故填which。
【37题详解】
考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:这个博物馆被命名为“六艺”,因为它是关于六种感官,刺激你所有的感官。博物馆是被命名,句子用被动语态,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态,主语museum是单数,因此空格处是is named。故填is named。
【38题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意:它不同于其他博物馆。other后跟名词的复数,故填museums。
【39题详解】
考查现在分词。句意:这座四层楼高的博物馆成立于2018年,现在收藏了4万多件中国明清时期(1368-1911)的古董,另有6万件藏品存放在仓库中。句中谓语是houses,空格处用非谓语动词,antiques和date back to是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,故填dating。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意:这座四层楼高的博物馆成立于2018年,现在收藏了4万多件中国明清时期(1368-1911)的古董,另有6万件藏品存放在仓库中。根据语境可知,句子表示“现在收藏了4万多件中国明清时期(1368-1911)的古董,另有6万件藏品存放在仓库中”,空格处用with表伴随,和后面的“another 60, 000 items stored in warehouses”构成with复合结构,故填with。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意:由于在自己的国家从未见过或使用过这些物品,杜德克对这些古老物品的精致设计和复杂雕刻充满了强烈的欣赏。strong是形容词,修饰名词,根据语境可知,句子表示“杜德克对这些古老物品的精致设计和复杂雕刻充满了强烈的欣赏”,空格处意为“欣赏”,名词是admiration,是不可数名词,故填admiration。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意:杜德克说:“我觉得它们很漂亮,我应该收藏它们。”他还说,这些物品一旦被随意地放在仓库里,可能会被忽视,但经过修复,它们会再次闪闪发光。空格处用副词randomly修饰动词packed,randomly意为“随意地”,故填randomly。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意:随着越来越多的中国人了解并提供给我一些他们的旧物品,博物馆的藏品也变得越来越丰富多样。空格处用形容词作表语,vary的形容词是various/varied,意为“多种多样的”,故填various/varied。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意:现在我打算邀请学者和工匠,发掘他们背后更多的文化和历史故事。invite sb. to do是固定短语,意为“邀请某人做某事”,因此空格处是不定式to discover。故填to discover。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意:来自上海的游客徐云表示:“这些藏品不仅有助于重温旧日时光,还呈现出一种美感。”a sense of beauty意为“一种美感”,故填a。
9.【“西南汇”联考2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Good evening! ___41___is my privilege to invite you to come here. As we all know, there are many kinds of pollution all over the world. Although we can’t save the world in ___42___short time, we can take some ___43___ (measure) to protect it. For example, we can prevent people ___44___ (throw) litter, we can sort the rubbish in the community, we can drive ___45___ (little) and produce fewer wastes.
And today, I’ll talk about the new recycling program at our school, which aims to help us create a better environment. The recycling we’ve planned is ___46___ (simple)a three-part program: sorting, collecting and delivering. The first part--sorting is also the hardest one. Most people don’t like taking the time to separate their rubbish and this is usually ___47___most recycling programs fail. However, we have reasons ___48___ (believe) that our words will work. From now ___49___, you will see three different colors of rubbish cans. Pink cans are for paper, blue cans for bottles, and white ones for all other wastes. After the rubbish ___50___ (sort), it needs to be collected and taken to different rubbish recycling centers.
【答案】41. It 42. a 43. measures 44. throwing 45. less 46. simply
47. why 48. to believe 49. on 50. is sorted
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。这是一则发言稿,主要介绍了作者所在学校的新回收计划。
【41题详解】
考查形式主语。句意:我很荣幸邀请你们来到这里。结合句意分析句子结构可知,此处为固定句型:it be+n+to do sth.“做某事是……”,缺少It作形式主语,真正主语为后边的不定式短语,位于句首注意首字母大写,故填It。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意:虽然我们不能在短时间内拯救世界,但我们可以采取一些措施来保护它。短语in a short time“短期内”符合题意,short的发音是辅音音素开头,故填a。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意:虽然我们不能在短时间内拯救世界,但我们可以采取一些措施来保护它。短语take measures to do“采取措施做某事”符合题意,故填measures。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:例如,我们可以阻止人们乱扔垃圾,我们可以在社区里分类垃圾,我们能够减少开车,减少废物的产生。结合句意可知,此处使用了短语prevent sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”,动名词作宾语。故填throwing。
【45题详解】
考查比较级。句意:例如,我们可以阻止人们乱扔垃圾,我们可以在社区里分类垃圾,我们能够减少开车,减少废物的产生。结合and后的fewer wastes可知,此处表并列也要使用比较级,故填less。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意:我们计划的回收只是一个由三部分组成的计划:分类、收集和交付。结合句意分析句子结构可知,此处需要使用副词simply“仅仅,只是”,作状语。故填simply。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意:大多数人不喜欢花时间把垃圾分类,这通常是大多数回收项目失败的原因。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少表语从句的连接词,结合句意可知,前句表原因,此处的表语从句使用句式 this is why+从句,来表结果,故填why。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,我们有理由相信我们的话会奏效。分析句子结构可知,句中已有一个谓语动词且没有连接词,此处需要使用非谓语动词,结合句意可知have reasons to do “有去做某事的理由”使用不定式作后置定语,故填to believe。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意:从现在起,你将看到三种不同颜色的垃圾桶。短语from now on“从现在开始”符合句意,故填on。
【50题详解】
考查被动语态。句意:垃圾分类后,需要收集并送往不同的垃圾回收中心。分析句子结构可知,空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词,从全文看要用一般现在时,the rubbish不可数,和sort之间被动关系,故填is sorted。
10.【云南省昆明市五华区2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量摸底检测】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Milk tea stores have mushroomed not only in China but also in Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam ___41___ Thailand, with Chinese brands ___42___ (enjoy) a boom in the regions. On Nov. 11, Singles Day, the domestic milk tea brand CHAGEE learned that its products were selling ___43___ (surprising) fast in Malaysia. Peng Xianggui, head of the company’s overseas business, said, “At each of our outlets in Malaysia, dozens of motorcycle riders waited ___44___ (make) deliveries. We offered no discount, but our 26 stores ___45___ (sell) more than 30, 000 cups of takeout milk tea.”
The growing influence of Chinese tea culture is likely the key ___46___ the success of the nation’s milk tea brands. Nomadic people(游牧民族) in China first created the concept of milk tea. In the 17th century, the drink ___47___ (bring) to India and also to Western countries through the ancient Silk Road. The ___48___ (develop) of milk tea is evidence of the trade globalization process, ___49___ originated from the Silk Road.
Tea culture is a bridge connecting countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative. It shows that historical ___50___ (city) along the Silk Road had two main functions—trade and cultural exchange.
【答案】41. and 42. enjoying 43. surprisingly 44. to make 45. sold 46. to
47. was brought 48. development 49. which 50. cities
【解析】
【导语】本篇为说明文。介绍了奶茶店在东南亚国家蓬勃发展以及古丝绸之路和一带一路对贸易全球化发展的促进作用。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意:奶茶店不仅在中国,在马来西亚、新加坡、越南、泰国也如雨后春笋般涌现,中国品牌在这些地区蓬勃发展。 空前空后都是国家名,故用and表示并列。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:奶茶店不仅在中国,在马来西亚、新加坡、越南、泰国也如雨后春笋般涌现,中国品牌在这些地区蓬勃发展。空前有with可知,考查with的复合结构,即with+n.+adj./adv./n./doing/done/to do。再结合句意“中国品牌享有蓬勃发展”为逻辑上的主动关系,故用doing形式。故填enjoying。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意:在11月11日的双十一,国产奶茶品牌CHAGEE得知其产品在马来西亚的销售速度出人意料地快。应用副词surprisingly修饰副词fast。故填surprisingly。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:在我们在马来西亚的每个销售点,都有几十名摩托车手在等待送货。 固定搭配wait to do sth.“等待做某事”。故填to make。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意:我们没有提供折扣,但我们的26家门店出售了3万多杯外卖奶茶。but后分句的谓语为sell,照应but前分句的谓语offered为一般过去时,故sell也应一般过去时。且主语为“26家门店”,故谓语用主动,且用复数。故填sold。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意:中国茶文化日益增长的影响力可能是中国奶茶品牌成功的关键。 固定搭配the key to sth. “……的关键”。故填to。
【47题详解】
考查时态语态。句意:17世纪,这种饮料通过古丝绸之路被带入印度,也传入西方国家。分析题干可知,bring为本句谓语。故此空的考点为bring的时态语态主谓一致。 时间状语为“17世纪”,故时态应一般过去时;主语为the drink,故语态应为被动,谓语为单数。故填was brought。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意:奶茶的发展是贸易全球化进程的见证,起源于丝绸之路。 谓语为is,其前应为名词作主语,且位于the后,故填名词。故填development。
【49题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意:奶茶的发展是贸易全球化进程的见证,起源于丝绸之路。空前谓语为is,空后谓语为originated,故空处应为连接词。分析成分可知,空处应为连接词指代先行词milk tea,为物,且在定语从句中充当主语,又因有逗号,只能用which。故填which。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意:由此可见,丝绸之路沿线的历史城市具有贸易和文化交流两大功能。city为可数名词,且分析句子成分可知,along the Silk Road为介词短语作后置定语修饰city,所以丝绸之路沿线的历史城市不能只有一个,故应为city的复数。故填cities。
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