Unit3 Topic talk&Lesson1 Celebrations
1．occasion n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→occasional adj.偶然的；临时的→occasionally adv.偶尔地
2．graduation n．毕业→graduate n．毕业生 vi.毕业
3．sticky adj．粘性的，粘的→stick v．粘贴;粘住 n．枝条；条状物；棍状物
4．congratulation n．恭喜，祝贺→congratulate vt.祝贺
5．tradition n．传统→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地
6．gathering n．聚会→gather v．聚会
7．summarise vi. & vt. 总结，概括→summary n．总结；概括；概要
8．host n．主人；东道主；主持人 v．主办；主持
9．attach vt．贴；固定；附上→attached adj. 依恋的；附属于→attachment n.[C]附属物，附件；[C, U]爱慕，依恋
10．scare vt.使(某人)惊恐；吓唬→scary adj.可怕的，引起恐慌的→scared adj．害怕的；惊恐的
11．surround vt.环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的；四周的→surroundings n．周围的环境
12．retired adj.退休的→retire v．退休
13．original adj．原先的，最早的，最初的→origin n．起源；出身；源头；起因
[高频短语]1.put up修建；举起；提供膳宿；张贴；增加，提高
写出下列句中put up的含义
①They're putting up several new office blocks in the centre of town. 建造
②The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon. 张贴
③If you have any questions，put up your hands. 举起
④They agreed to put two foreign students up over the summer. 提供食宿
⑤They’ve put up the rent by 200 yuan a month. 增加，提高
2.let off 使爆炸；排放，漏出（液体、气体）；不惩罚，放过，宽恕；允许（某人）不做
写出下列句中let off的含义
①Don’ t let off fireworks near the house for it’s very dangerous. 使爆炸
②You’ve worked hard all week, so I’ll let you off today. 允许（某人）不做
③The flowers let off a wonderful smell which makes tourists joyful. 排放
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词 ▲高频词
★1. occasion n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)on occasion(s) 偶尔 on one occasion 有一次 on that occasion 那时；在那种情况下
(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的；不经常的；特殊场合的 occasionally adv. 偶然地；偶尔；有时
【练习】单句语法填空
①On one occasion (occasion)，she called me in the middle of the night.
②He managed to remain cool by swimming occasionally (occasion)．
③Your eighteenth birthday is an important occasion when you legally become an adult.
④This is not an occasion for laughter，where you must take things seriously.
⑤As the years passed，many occasions —birthdays，awards, graduations were marked with Dad's flowers.
[注意]
当occasion后接定语从句时，其引导词要依据occasion的含义及在从句中所作的成分来确定。当occasion作先行词，其含义为“场合；庆典”时，应将它看作充当从句中的地点状语，用where来引导；当表示“机会；时刻”时，应将它看作充当从句中的时间状语，用when来引导。
★2. congratulation n．恭喜，祝贺
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)congratulation n． 祝贺，恭贺(常用复数形式) congratulations(to sb.)on sth. 祝贺(某人)某事
(2)congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事
congratulate oneself on(doing) sth. 庆幸自己(做)某事
【练习】单句语法填空
①He congratulated (congratulate) himself on having survived the air crash.他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于难。
②I send you my warmest congratulations (congratulate)on your success.我对你的成功致以最热烈的祝贺。
[语境助记]Many friends came to congratulate him on his marriage，and some sent emails to express their congratulations.很多朋友来祝贺他结婚，有些人发邮件表示祝贺。
★▲3. account vt.认为是，视为 n.描述，报道；(银行)账户；账目；解释，说明
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)n. [C]描述，叙述（其后常接介词of）；解释
she gave the police a full account of the incident. 她向警方详尽地描述了这起事件。
(2)n. [C]账户
常见搭配：open an account 开户
(3)account for 解释；说明；(数量，比例上)占;是……的原因
【练习】
1.单句语法填空
①(2020.天津静海一中期末)The recent cold weather has prevented residents from going out,which may account for the decline in customers at the shopping mall.
②When questioned, he was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.
2.完成句子
To open an account , you need your ID card and some money. 要开户，你需要你的身份证和一些钱。
★▲4. character
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)n. 文字，符号；角色，人物
常见搭配：Chinese characters 汉字
The address was written in Chinese characters. 地址是用汉字写的。
(2)n. [C. usually sing.]品质，性格；[C, usually sing. ,U]特点，特色
Her husband is a man of good character, well-like and respected by his colleagues.
她的丈夫是一个性格很好的人，同事们很喜欢和尊敬他。
The two towns are similar in size but very different in character.
这两个城镇大小差不多，但特色却大不相同
[图形助记]character的多种含义
汉字属于象形“文字”，其字形多源于事物的外形“特征”
山
character特征 character 文字
【练习】判断下列句子中character的含义
①When you call someone a friend, it is mainly his character and interests that make him your friend. 性格
②The characters Stan Lee and Marvel artists created are so popular that more than two million comic books based on their adventures have been published in 75 countries and 25 languages. 角色
③The whole character of the village has changed since the last time I was here. 特色
④Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic(美学的) value. 文字
★5. attach vt.贴；固定；附上
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)attach sth. to sth. 把……附在……上，把……固定 到……上（to为介词）
attach importance/significance to 认为……重要/有意义（to为介词）
(2)attached adj. (作表语)依恋的；附属于 be attached to 附属于；依恋
(3)attachment n.[C]附属物，附件；[C, U]爱慕，依恋
【练习】单句语法填空
①She attached stamps to the envelopes and mailed them out.
②This hospital is attached (attach)to Hefei Medical University nearby.
③Please find my application letter in this attachment (attach).
6. scare sb./sth. away把……吓跑
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)scared adj. 惊恐的，担惊受怕的
be scared
be scared to death 吓得要命
(2)scare vt. 使某人受惊；惊吓 n. 恐慌；惊恐
scare sb. away/off 把某人吓跑/吓退 scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
【练习】完成句子
①When seeing the horror movie last night, I was scared to death （吓死了）but excited.
②The explorers had to make a fire at the edge of the forest to scare away/off （吓跑了）wild animals at night.
③You can’t scare me into telling you （恐吓我告诉你）anything.
④那个小女孩不敢过桥，因为她害怕掉进河里。
The little girl is scared of going across the bridge because she is scared to fall into the river.
★7. surround vt.环绕；围绕
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)be surrounded by/with 被……围绕着；周围是……
surround ... with ... 用……包围……
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的
(3)surroundings n. 环境(通常用复数形式) in ...surroundings 在……环境之中
[语境串记]As a famous pop star，he loves being surrounded by so many fans coming to visit him from the surrounding towns.And he also likes beautiful surroundings with green trees and flowers，because he can get much more pleasure from nature. 作为一名著名的流行歌星，他喜欢被这么多从周围城镇来看他的歌迷包围。他也喜欢绿树和鲜花的美丽环绕，因为他可以从大自然中获得更多的快乐。
【练习】1.单句语法填空
①We stood at the edge of the lake, which is surrounded (surround) by/with trees.
②We lived in a house surrounded (surround)by trees, most of which were pine trees.
③Standing on the top of the mountain, we can have a good view of the surrounding (surround) hills.
2.约两个小时后，我们到达了一个树木和鲜花环绕的美丽的公园。
About two hours later, we arrived at a beautiful park surrounded with/by trees and flowers.
重点句型分析
1.①I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival，as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.(教材P53)
我通常在春节前几周就开始计划我的山西回家之旅，因为火车票或飞机票必须尽早预订。
②As I get older, coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it. (教材P53)
随着年龄的增长，回家和全家人在一起才是春节最重要的部分。
【句式分析】句中的as作连词，句①表示原因，意为“因为”。句②表示时间，意为“随着……”。
归纳拓展 例句
(1)as作为从属连词，可以引导下列从句： a．时间状语从句，意为“正当……的时候”、“一面……一面……”、“随着……”，从句可放主句之前或主句之后。 b．方式状语从句，意为“如同”、“按照……的方式、样子、办法”。as从句总跟在主句之后。 c．让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，多在主句之前，且多用倒装。(应将从句主要成分的形容词、副词、原形动词、不加冠词的单数名词置于as前面)。 d．比较状语从句，意为“和……一样/不一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词(意为“那么”“如此”)，第二个as为连词(引导的比较状语从句常常省略)。其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as。 He shouted aloud as her ran along.(时间) 他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。 When at Rome，do as Romans do.入乡随俗。（方式） Child as[though]he was，he did quite well.(让步) 他虽是个孩子，但已干得很不错。 He doesn't speak English as/so fluently as you.(比较) 他的英语说得不如你流利。
(2)as作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，既可以单独使用，也可以与其他词连用，其用法要比that和which更为复杂，而且as在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语，可以指人也可指物。 This is the same watch as I lost. 这块表跟我丢失的那块一样。 He was absent，as is often the case. 他缺席了，这是常有的事。 As was expected，he succeeded at last. 正如我们所料，他终于成功了。
(3)as作为介词的用法：表示“好像，作为，当作”。 As a writer，he was famous. 作为作家，他是很有名的。
[即学即练] 判断as的意思
①As he walked on，he felt himself getting more and more tired. 当...
②Difficult as it is，we should not give it up. 虽然
③This film is as interesting as that one. 和...一样
2. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.据说，“福”倒即福到。
【句式分析】 It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
形式主语 be 过去分词 真正的主语
【考点提炼】“It + be + 过去分词 + that...”句型
(1)句型解读：It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，that仅起连接作用，不作成分。
(2)常用于此句型的过去分词有believed, said, reported, thought, hoped, suggested, known, proved等
It is reported that the mayor will visit our school next week.据报道，市长下周要来参观我们学校。
It is generally believed that a good education is beneficial to young people.人们普遍认为良好的教育对年轻人是有益的。
(3)该句型可转换为“Sb./Sth. + be + 过去分词 + 不定式”句型。
据说瑜伽对人们的健康有益。
It is said that yoga is of great benefit to people’s health.
Yoga is said to be of great benefit to people’s health.
【练习】句式转换
①It was generally believed that the show was a great success.
The show was generally believed to be a great success .
②Our team is reported to have won the game.
It is reported that our team has won the game.
3. Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family.(教材P53) 每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。
【句式分析】句中the moment I get on the train是the moment引导的时间状语从句，the moment表示“一……就”。that引导的是宾语从句。
[例1] He said he had phoned you the moment he got home.他说他一到家就给你打电话。
[例2] I'll write to you the moment I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你写信。
[造句] 我一闭上眼睛就睡着了。The moment I closed my eyes, I fell asleep.
【拓展】the moment/minute/second + 句子
名词短语the moment/minute/second可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as，意为“一……就……”。
e.g. I recogniszed him the minute I saw him. 我一见到他就认出他来了。
Every day my mother sets about her housework the moment she returns from work.
每天我妈妈一下班回来就开始做家务。
【练习】一句多译
我刚到办公室，我的妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
①_________ ____________ I arrived at the office, my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
②_________ ____________ ____________I arrived at the office, my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
[①The moment/minute/second ; ②As soon as]
语法
被动语态
【挖教材.语法示例】
用括号内词的适当形式填写下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征
1. First, the house was cleaned (clean ) from top to bottom.
2. Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached (attach)upside down to our front door.
3. It is believed (believe )that when Fu is put (put) upside down, happiness arrives.
4. Fireworks were being let off (let off)across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky.
5. I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival, as train tickets or flights have to be booked (book)as early as possible.
6. Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded (surround) by Shanxi accents...
7. We think about what the children would like to eat, what we need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared/preparing (prepare).
8. Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as jiaozi are being made (make).
9. Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—
has largely been kept (keep).
一、被动语态的构成
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。被动语态是表示主语是位于动词所表示的动作的承受着，其构成为：助动词be+过去分词。在被动语态中，by后常跟动作的执行者。且通常只有需要的动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态。
1.被动语态的时态、形式表（本单元出现的）
形式 构成 例句
现在时 一般式 am/is/are done Rice is grown in the south of the US.美国南部种植水稻。
进行式 am/is/are being done English lessons are being broadcast on the radio.英语课正在广播里播放。
完成式 has/have been done The case has recently been tried. 这桩案子最近已经审过了。
过去时 一般式 was/were done They were given a warm send-off.他们受到了热烈的欢送。
进行式 was/were being done We had to take a detour. The road was being repaired. 我们得绕行。这条路在维修。
2.被动语态的特殊情况
（1）情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。
All the letters should be answered immediately.所有信件均应立刻回复。
This can be done by hand.这可以手工做。
Other problems also have to be faced.还需要面对其他问题。
【真题连接】
（2）不定式的被动语态
①一般式（to be done）：表示不定式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生或与其（几乎）同时发生
②完成式（to have been done）：表示不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
The book is said to be published soon. 据说这本书很快就会出版。
The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说这本书已被译成很多种语言。
二、被动语态的使用场合
使用场合 例句 注意事项
不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者 Do you know when the new railway will be put to use 你知道新的铁路什么时候投入使用吗？ 不带by引导的短语
强调动作的承受着；或既关心动作的承受者，又关心动作的执行者 The novel was written by the high school student. 这部小说是由这个中学生写的。 带by引导的短语
表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者 You are warmly invited to a party to be held at the Workers’ Club at 7 p.m. on May. 热烈邀请您参加5月1日晚上7点在工人俱乐部举行的派对。 不必说明动作的执行者
修辞需要，为了避免更换主语，使句子简练 She stepped onto the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 她走上舞台，观众给予了她热烈的掌声。 只有一个主语
在文章标题、公告、科技报告、新闻中 Nuclear energy has been used to produce electricity. 核能已被用于发电。 用于书面语
【真题连接】
三、主动形式表示被动意义的情况
1.连系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste. remain等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
Your advice sounds practical.你的建议听起来是可行的。
Whether we can have a holiday remains unknown我们还不知道能否放假。
The material feels very soft. 这种材料摸起来很软。
The food tastes delicious. 这种食物尝起来味道很好。
2. open，close，shut，lock，move，read，wash，clean，cook，sell，cut，wear，carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The door doesn’t shut. 这门关不上。
The book sells well. 这书卖得不错。
3.在want，need，require等少数表示“需要”的动词后的v-ing用主动形式表示被动意义。其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs cleaning. =The house needs to be cleaned. 这所房子需要打扫。
This wall requires repairing. =This wall requires to be repaired. 这面墙需要修理。
【真题连接】
四、使用被动语态时应注意的问题
1. 不及物动词(短语)无被动语态。常见的不及物动词(短语)有 appear，belong，disappear，happen，remain，break out， come true，fall asleep，keep silent，lose heart，take place，run out等。
We cannot say for sure what will happen.我们无法确切地说会发生什么事。
【真题连接】
2. 在主动语态里，动词see，make，hear，watch，notice等后作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，to必须补上。
They made him go there alone.他们让他独自去那里。(主动语态)
He was made to go there alone.(被动语态)
3.接双宾语的动词变被动语态。有些动词在主动语态中常接双宾语，即直接宾语(一般指物)和间接宾语(一般指人)。在变为被动语态时，如果间接宾语被提前作主语，那么直接宾语保留不变；如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语前一般要加上相应的介词to或for。
We gave him the letter. =He was given the letter by us.=The letter was given to him by us.我们把那封信给他了。
She bought her mother a new coat. =Her mother was bought a new coat by her.=A new coat was bought for her mother by her. 她给她妈妈买了一件新大衣。
4.将含有“动词+介词/副词”类短语动词(如look after，put on，pay attention to)的主动句变为被动句时，原短语动词中的介词或副词应保留下来。
She often looks after the old. 她经常照看老人。(主动语态)
The old are often looked after by her.(被动语态)
基础练｜知识巩固｜建议时间：20分钟
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1. The woman rushed out immediately she felt the house shaking.
2.(吉林长春外国语学校开学考) Paper-cuts are often used as decorations for a joyful atmosphere.
3. Most students studying abroad choose to live with a host family because it is relatively cheap.
4. She gave an exciting account (描述) of her life in the jungle.
5. I’ll just summarise (总结) the main points of the argument in a few words.
6. When I arrived he was sweeping (扫) the leaves from the driveway.
7. The ability to write characters (字) is part of the Chinese tradition and culture.
8. Please be sure to attach (贴) a cover page to your report.
9. All flights (航班) to New York today are delayed because of bad weather.
10. It is very considerate that they surround (包围) the display cabinet of jewels with guards day and night.
11.(2020·江西南昌二中期末) Do take measures to protect these old traditions and customs (风俗) before they die out.
12. She’s been leading throughout (自始至终) the race, but it now looks as if she’s tired.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. He’s excellent at DIY. He can put up a shelf easily.
2. People let off fireworks for celebration on the National Day.
3. Susan has been working hard day and night, which accounts for her pale face.
4. The hurricane was so strong that it swept away entire buildings.
5. (湖北华师一附中期末) The children attach great importance to being together with pets.
6. The farmer put up a scarecrow(稻草人) to scare away the birds.
7. (2020·河北保定期末) It is easy to begin to think positively when you are surrounded by/with people who think that way.
8. It is believed (believe) that the Maldives is one of the most popular honeymoon places as well as one of the most beautiful island countries.
9. That was the first time for a developing country to play host to the World Expo.
10. If you are in a crowd, a first and most essential(极其重要的) thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings (surround).
二、单句写作
1.众所周知，蝙蝠睡觉时通常是倒挂着的。
As we all know, bats always hang upside down when they are sleeping.
2.(2020·山西阳泉期末)据报道，目前这一贫困山区正在修建另一所新学校。(It + be + 过去分词 + that... )
It’s reported that another new school is being built at present in the poor mountain area.
3.这个小婴儿一见到他妈妈就开始哭了。 (the moment+句子)
The moment the little baby saw his mother, he began to cry.
4.政府一直高度重视保护传统文化。(attach...to...)
The government always attaches great importance to protecting the traditional culture.
语法练｜专项突破｜建议时间：25分钟
一、用括号内词的适当形式填空
1.(2020·江西吉安期末)— May I help you, Madam
—How terrible! The things in my shop are being stolen (steal) frequently these days.
2. Visitors are requested (request) not to touch the exhibits.
3.(天津高考单项填空改编) Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached (reach) so far by the two sides.
4.Sheep are kept (keep) by farmers to produce wool and mutton.
5.(2020·江西南昌二中期末) The house belonging (belong) to an old lady is in good condition.
6.(2020·山东临沂一中期末) Naadam means “games”in Mongolian, and it is represented (represent) by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery.
7.(2020·江苏南京师大附中期末)—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there
—Because my car was being fixed (fix).
8. We had great fun playing on the beaches and it felt (feel)comfortable to bath in the sunlight.
9. Books of this kind sell (sell) well.
10. Look! A nice picture is being drawn (draw) by our teacher.
11.(2020·上海市进才中学期末) The number of deaths of cancer will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.
12. A new cinema is being built (build) here. They hope to finish it next month.
13.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷语法填空改编) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed (employ) only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
14.—Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now
—Yes, he was being interviewed (interview), and he looked a little bit nervous.
二、句式转换(用被动语态)
1.There are many people over there. Go and see what they are selling.
There are many people over there. Go and see what is being sold by them.
2. In order to stop air pollution, the government has taken a lot of measures.
A lot of measures have been taken by the government in order to stop air pollution.
3. We are discussing how to spend the summer holiday now.
How to spend the summer holiday is being discussed by us now.
4. Her mother bought her a computer.
A computer was bought for her by her mother.
5. I hear the students in Class 7 sing the English song every day.
The students in Class 7 are heard to sing the English song every day by me.
6. We must operate this machine with care.
This machine must be operated with care by us.
7. The teacher taught students to regard difficulties as the wealth of life.
Students were taught by the teacher to regard difficulties as the wealth of life.
8. They can complete the work in two hours.
The work can be completed by them in two hours.
综合练｜能力提升｜建议时间：20分钟
一、课文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was Tom’s first time 1. spending (spend) Spring Festival with his host family in China. The house was cleaned and the Chinese character Fu 2. was attached (attach) upside down 3. to get (get) ready for the new year. The 4. greatest (great) excitement began the night before Spring Festival. 5. Fireworks (firework) were being let off and they all sat to enjoy a big dinner, wishing everyone a happy new year.
Xu Gang booked his tickets long before the new year, and bought 6. a bottle of wine for his father. When he got on the train, he was surrounded 7. by/with Shanxi accents. He was happy to be informed of 8. what had been happening.
Li Yan considers Spring Festival family time for her and her husband. When the festival comes, 9. their (they) house buzzes with activities. Great fun is enjoyed as jiaozi are being made, which are a symbol of health and 10. happiness (happy).
二、完成句子
1.去年中秋节我去了中国。很多地方都用灯笼装饰。
I visited China last year on the Mid-autumn Festival. A lot of places were decorated with lanterns .
2.通常孩子们玩灯笼，而大人们坐在一起聊天、赏月。
Usually children play with lanterns while the adults sit together, chatting and enjoying the moon .
3.整个城市在燃放烟花，瞬间点亮了夜空。
Fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky.
4.中秋节是在农历八月十五庆祝的。
The Mid-autumn Festival is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.
5.人们相信，当“福”被颠倒过来贴时，幸福就会到来。
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down ，happiness arrives.
6.我希望大家今晚玩得开心。
I want everybody to have a good time tonight.
7.春节前商店里十分繁忙。
The shops are very busy before the Spring Festival .
8.每年，我一上火车，我就被山西口音包围了——我就知道我要回家见家人了。
Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family.
三、七选五阅读
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to the benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it’s all about the warm feeling after helping someone. 1 As is known, charity work requires a wide variety of people to do a wide variety of things. It means that there are some surprising benefits for volunteers. For example, volunteering:
◆Teaches you new skills
From helping making websites to teaching immigrant kids your native language, or to arranging events for charity, volunteering can really be almost anything. It means that when you get involved in charity work, a lot of the time you will face challenges. 2
◆Can teach you what truly matters
It’s a great way to find new perspectives (角度) on life. When you’ve been at it for a while, you just might find yourself reevaluating your advantages. 3 One of my friends went from wanting to be a lawyer to discovering a true passion for teaching.
◆ 4
Maybe it’s not so surprising, but what might surprise you is how genuine these friends are. Some of my long term friends are people I’ve met through volunteering. I’m not the kind of guy that makes friends purely for connections, but sometimes it’s very convenient to have a broad network.
Summed up in one line: volunteering helps you grow. 5 You meet a very wide variety of people you don’t have a lot in common with. You learn to get along with people involved in many different walks of life. You learn to know what you are to do. So if you’ve ever considered volunteering, what are you waiting for
A. Helps you make new friends
B. Can help improve social skills
C. You might even decide on a completely new path to take in life.
D. As it turns out, that’s far from the only benefit.
E. Volunteering helps you look outside yourself and your problems.
F. Through overcoming the challenges, you learn completely new skills.
G. Not only as a person, but it helps you develop your skill set as well.
答案：DFCAGUnit3 Topic talk&Lesson1 Celebrations
1．occasion n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→occasional adj.偶然的；临时的→occasionally adv.偶尔地
2．graduation n．毕业→graduate n．毕业生 vi.毕业
3．sticky adj．粘性的，粘的→stick v．粘贴;粘住 n．枝条；条状物；棍状物
4．congratulation n．恭喜，祝贺→congratulate vt.祝贺
5．tradition n．传统→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地
6．gathering n．聚会→gather v．聚会
7．summarise vi. & vt. 总结，概括→summary n．总结；概括；概要
8．host n．主人；东道主；主持人 v．主办；主持
9．attach vt．贴；固定；附上→attached adj. 依恋的；附属于→attachment n.[C]附属物，附件；[C, U]爱慕，依恋
10．scare vt.使(某人)惊恐；吓唬→scary adj.可怕的，引起恐慌的→scared adj．害怕的；惊恐的
11．surround vt.环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的；四周的→surroundings n．周围的环境
12．retired adj.退休的→retire v．退休
13．original adj．原先的，最早的，最初的→origin n．起源；出身；源头；起因
[高频短语]1.put up修建；举起；提供膳宿；张贴；增加，提高
写出下列句中put up的含义
①They're putting up several new office blocks in the centre of town. 建造
②The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon. 张贴
③If you have any questions，put up your hands. 举起
④They agreed to put two foreign students up over the summer. 提供食宿
⑤They’ve put up the rent by 200 yuan a month. 增加，提高
2.let off 使爆炸；排放，漏出（液体、气体）；不惩罚，放过，宽恕；允许（某人）不做
写出下列句中let off的含义
①Don’ t let off fireworks near the house for it’s very dangerous. 使爆炸
②You’ve worked hard all week, so I’ll let you off today. 允许（某人）不做
③The flowers let off a wonderful smell which makes tourists joyful. 排放
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词 ▲高频词
★1. occasion n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)on occasion(s) 偶尔 on one occasion 有一次 on that occasion 那时；在那种情况下
(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的；不经常的；特殊场合的 occasionally adv. 偶然地；偶尔；有时
【练习】单句语法填空
①On one occasion (occasion)，she called me in the middle of the night.
②He managed to remain cool by swimming occasionally (occasion)．
③Your eighteenth birthday is an important occasion when you legally become an adult.
④This is not an occasion for laughter，where you must take things seriously.
⑤As the years passed，many occasions —birthdays，awards, graduations were marked with Dad's flowers.
[注意]
当occasion后接定语从句时，其引导词要依据occasion的含义及在从句中所作的成分来确定。当occasion作先行词，其含义为“场合；庆典”时，应将它看作充当从句中的地点状语，用where来引导；当表示“机会；时刻”时，应将它看作充当从句中的时间状语，用when来引导。
★2. congratulation n．恭喜，祝贺
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)congratulation n． 祝贺，恭贺(常用复数形式) congratulations(to sb.)on sth. 祝贺(某人)某事
(2)congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事
congratulate oneself on(doing) sth. 庆幸自己(做)某事
【练习】单句语法填空
①He congratulated (congratulate) himself on having survived the air crash.他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于难。
②I send you my warmest congratulations (congratulate)on your success.我对你的成功致以最热烈的祝贺。
[语境助记]Many friends came to congratulate him on his marriage，and some sent emails to express their congratulations.很多朋友来祝贺他结婚，有些人发邮件表示祝贺。
★▲3. account vt.认为是，视为 n.描述，报道；(银行)账户；账目；解释，说明
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)n. [C]描述，叙述（其后常接介词of）；解释
she gave the police a full account of the incident. 她向警方详尽地描述了这起事件。
(2)n. [C]账户
常见搭配：open an account 开户
(3)account for 解释；说明；(数量，比例上)占;是……的原因
【练习】
1.单句语法填空
①(2020.天津静海一中期末)The recent cold weather has prevented residents from going out,which may account for the decline in customers at the shopping mall.
②When questioned, he was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.
2.完成句子
To open an account , you need your ID card and some money. 要开户，你需要你的身份证和一些钱。
★▲4. character
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)n. 文字，符号；角色，人物
常见搭配：Chinese characters 汉字
The address was written in Chinese characters. 地址是用汉字写的。
(2)n. [C. usually sing.]品质，性格；[C, usually sing. ,U]特点，特色
Her husband is a man of good character, well-like and respected by his colleagues.
她的丈夫是一个性格很好的人，同事们很喜欢和尊敬他。
The two towns are similar in size but very different in character.
这两个城镇大小差不多，但特色却大不相同
[图形助记]character的多种含义
汉字属于象形“文字”，其字形多源于事物的外形“特征”
山
character特征 character 文字
【练习】判断下列句子中character的含义
①When you call someone a friend, it is mainly his character and interests that make him your friend. 性格
②The characters Stan Lee and Marvel artists created are so popular that more than two million comic books based on their adventures have been published in 75 countries and 25 languages. 角色
③The whole character of the village has changed since the last time I was here. 特色
④Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic(美学的) value. 文字
★5. attach vt.贴；固定；附上
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)attach sth. to sth. 把……附在……上，把……固定 到……上（to为介词）
attach importance/significance to 认为……重要/有意义（to为介词）
(2)attached adj. (作表语)依恋的；附属于 be attached to 附属于；依恋
(3)attachment n.[C]附属物，附件；[C, U]爱慕，依恋
【练习】单句语法填空
①She attached stamps to the envelopes and mailed them out.
②This hospital is attached (attach)to Hefei Medical University nearby.
③Please find my application letter in this attachment (attach).
6. scare sb./sth. away把……吓跑
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)scared adj. 惊恐的，担惊受怕的
be scared
be scared to death 吓得要命
(2)scare vt. 使某人受惊；惊吓 n. 恐慌；惊恐
scare sb. away/off 把某人吓跑/吓退 scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
【练习】完成句子
①When seeing the horror movie last night, I was scared to death （吓死了）but excited.
②The explorers had to make a fire at the edge of the forest to scare away/off （吓跑了）wild animals at night.
③You can’t scare me into telling you （恐吓我告诉你）anything.
④那个小女孩不敢过桥，因为她害怕掉进河里。
The little girl is scared of going across the bridge because she is scared to fall into the river.
★7. surround vt.环绕；围绕
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)be surrounded by/with 被……围绕着；周围是……
surround ... with ... 用……包围……
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的
(3)surroundings n. 环境(通常用复数形式) in ...surroundings 在……环境之中
[语境串记]As a famous pop star，he loves being surrounded by so many fans coming to visit him from the surrounding towns.And he also likes beautiful surroundings with green trees and flowers，because he can get much more pleasure from nature. 作为一名著名的流行歌星，他喜欢被这么多从周围城镇来看他的歌迷包围。他也喜欢绿树和鲜花的美丽环绕，因为他可以从大自然中获得更多的快乐。
【练习】1.单句语法填空
①We stood at the edge of the lake, which is surrounded (surround) by/with trees.
②We lived in a house surrounded (surround)by trees, most of which were pine trees.
③Standing on the top of the mountain, we can have a good view of the surrounding (surround) hills.
2.约两个小时后，我们到达了一个树木和鲜花环绕的美丽的公园。
About two hours later, we arrived at a beautiful park surrounded with/by trees and flowers.
重点句型分析
1.①I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival，as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.(教材P53)
我通常在春节前几周就开始计划我的山西回家之旅，因为火车票或飞机票必须尽早预订。
②As I get older, coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it. (教材P53)
随着年龄的增长，回家和全家人在一起才是春节最重要的部分。
【句式分析】句中的as作连词，句①表示原因，意为“因为”。句②表示时间，意为“随着……”。
归纳拓展 例句
(1)as作为从属连词，可以引导下列从句： a．时间状语从句，意为“正当……的时候”、“一面……一面……”、“随着……”，从句可放主句之前或主句之后。 b．方式状语从句，意为“如同”、“按照……的方式、样子、办法”。as从句总跟在主句之后。 c．让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，多在主句之前，且多用倒装。(应将从句主要成分的形容词、副词、原形动词、不加冠词的单数名词置于as前面)。 d．比较状语从句，意为“和……一样/不一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词(意为“那么”“如此”)，第二个as为连词(引导的比较状语从句常常省略)。其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as。 He shouted aloud as her ran along.(时间) 他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。 When at Rome，do as Romans do.入乡随俗。（方式） Child as[though]he was，he did quite well.(让步) 他虽是个孩子，但已干得很不错。 He doesn't speak English as/so fluently as you.(比较) 他的英语说得不如你流利。
(2)as作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，既可以单独使用，也可以与其他词连用，其用法要比that和which更为复杂，而且as在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语，可以指人也可指物。 This is the same watch as I lost. 这块表跟我丢失的那块一样。 He was absent，as is often the case. 他缺席了，这是常有的事。 As was expected，he succeeded at last. 正如我们所料，他终于成功了。
(3)as作为介词的用法：表示“好像，作为，当作”。 As a writer，he was famous. 作为作家，他是很有名的。
[即学即练] 判断as的意思
①As he walked on，he felt himself getting more and more tired. 当...
②Difficult as it is，we should not give it up. 虽然
③This film is as interesting as that one. 和...一样
2. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.据说，“福”倒即福到。
【句式分析】 It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
形式主语 be 过去分词 真正的主语
【考点提炼】“It + be + 过去分词 + that...”句型
(1)句型解读：It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，that仅起连接作用，不作成分。
(2)常用于此句型的过去分词有believed, said, reported, thought, hoped, suggested, known, proved等
It is reported that the mayor will visit our school next week.据报道，市长下周要来参观我们学校。
It is generally believed that a good education is beneficial to young people.人们普遍认为良好的教育对年轻人是有益的。
(3)该句型可转换为“Sb./Sth. + be + 过去分词 + 不定式”句型。
据说瑜伽对人们的健康有益。
It is said that yoga is of great benefit to people’s health.
Yoga is said to be of great benefit to people’s health.
【练习】句式转换
①It was generally believed that the show was a great success.
The show was generally believed to be a great success .
②Our team is reported to have won the game.
It is reported that our team has won the game.
3. Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family.(教材P53) 每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。
【句式分析】句中the moment I get on the train是the moment引导的时间状语从句，the moment表示“一……就”。that引导的是宾语从句。
[例1] He said he had phoned you the moment he got home.他说他一到家就给你打电话。
[例2] I'll write to you the moment I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你写信。
[造句] 我一闭上眼睛就睡着了。The moment I closed my eyes, I fell asleep.
【拓展】the moment/minute/second + 句子
名词短语the moment/minute/second可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as，意为“一……就……”。
e.g. I recogniszed him the minute I saw him. 我一见到他就认出他来了。
Every day my mother sets about her housework the moment she returns from work.
每天我妈妈一下班回来就开始做家务。
【练习】一句多译
我刚到办公室，我的妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
①_________ ____________ I arrived at the office, my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
②_________ ____________ ____________I arrived at the office, my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
[The moment/minute/second ; As soon as]
语法
被动语态
【挖教材.语法示例】
用括号内词的适当形式填写下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征
1. First, the house was cleaned (clean ) from top to bottom.
2. Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached (attach)upside down to our front door.
3. It is believed (believe )that when Fu is put (put) upside down, happiness arrives.
4. Fireworks were being let off (let off)across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky.
5. I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival, as train tickets or flights have to be booked (book)as early as possible.
6. Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded (surround) by Shanxi accents...
7. We think about what the children would like to eat, what we need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared/preparing (prepare).
8. Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as jiaozi are being made (make).
9. Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—
has largely been kept (keep).
一、被动语态的构成
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。被动语态是表示主语是位于动词所表示的动作的承受着，其构成为：助动词be+过去分词。在被动语态中，by后常跟动作的执行者。且通常只有需要的动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态。
1.被动语态的时态、形式表（本单元出现的）
形式 构成 例句
现在时 一般式 am/is/are done Rice is grown in the south of the US.美国南部种植水稻。
进行式 am/is/are being done English lessons are being broadcast on the radio.英语课正在广播里播放。
完成式 has/have been done The case has recently been tried. 这桩案子最近已经审过了。
过去时 一般式 was/were done They were given a warm send-off.他们受到了热烈的欢送。
进行式 was/were being done We had to take a detour. The road was being repaired. 我们得绕行。这条路在维修。
2.被动语态的特殊情况
（1）情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。
All the letters should be answered immediately.所有信件均应立刻回复。
This can be done by hand.这可以手工做。
Other problems also have to be faced.还需要面对其他问题。
【真题连接】
（2）不定式的被动语态
①一般式（to be done）：表示不定式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生或与其（几乎）同时发生
②完成式（to have been done）：表示不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
The book is said to be published soon. 据说这本书很快就会出版。
The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说这本书已被译成很多种语言。
二、被动语态的使用场合
使用场合 例句 注意事项
不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者 Do you know when the new railway will be put to use 你知道新的铁路什么时候投入使用吗？ 不带by引导的短语
强调动作的承受着；或既关心动作的承受者，又关心动作的执行者 The novel was written by the high school student. 这部小说是由这个中学生写的。 带by引导的短语
表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者 You are warmly invited to a party to be held at the Workers’ Club at 7 p.m. on May. 热烈邀请您参加5月1日晚上7点在工人俱乐部举行的派对。 不必说明动作的执行者
修辞需要，为了避免更换主语，使句子简练 She stepped onto the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 她走上舞台，观众给予了她热烈的掌声。 只有一个主语
在文章标题、公告、科技报告、新闻中 Nuclear energy has been used to produce electricity. 核能已被用于发电。 用于书面语
【真题连接】
三、主动形式表示被动意义的情况
1.连系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste. remain等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
Your advice sounds practical.你的建议听起来是可行的。
Whether we can have a holiday remains unknown我们还不知道能否放假。
The material feels very soft. 这种材料摸起来很软。
The food tastes delicious. 这种食物尝起来味道很好。
2. open，close，shut，lock，move，read，wash，clean，cook，sell，cut，wear，carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The door doesn’t shut. 这门关不上。
The book sells well. 这书卖得不错。
3.在want，need，require等少数表示“需要”的动词后的v-ing用主动形式表示被动意义。其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs cleaning. =The house needs to be cleaned. 这所房子需要打扫。
This wall requires repairing. =This wall requires to be repaired. 这面墙需要修理。
【真题连接】
四、使用被动语态时应注意的问题
1. 不及物动词(短语)无被动语态。常见的不及物动词(短语)有 appear，belong，disappear，happen，remain，break out， come true，fall asleep，keep silent，lose heart，take place，run out等。
We cannot say for sure what will happen.我们无法确切地说会发生什么事。
【真题连接】
2. 在主动语态里，动词see，make，hear，watch，notice等后作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，to必须补上。
They made him go there alone.他们让他独自去那里。(主动语态)
He was made to go there alone.(被动语态)
3.接双宾语的动词变被动语态。有些动词在主动语态中常接双宾语，即直接宾语(一般指物)和间接宾语(一般指人)。在变为被动语态时，如果间接宾语被提前作主语，那么直接宾语保留不变；如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语前一般要加上相应的介词to或for。
We gave him the letter. =He was given the letter by us.=The letter was given to him by us.我们把那封信给他了。
She bought her mother a new coat. =Her mother was bought a new coat by her.=A new coat was bought for her mother by her. 她给她妈妈买了一件新大衣。
4.将含有“动词+介词/副词”类短语动词(如look after，put on，pay attention to)的主动句变为被动句时，原短语动词中的介词或副词应保留下来。
She often looks after the old. 她经常照看老人。(主动语态)
The old are often looked after by her.(被动语态)
基础练｜知识巩固｜建议时间：20分钟
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1. The woman rushed out immediately she felt the house shaking.
2.(吉林长春外国语学校开学考) Paper-cuts are often used as decorations for a joyful atmosphere.
3. Most students studying abroad choose to live with a host family because it is relatively cheap.
4. She gave an exciting account (描述) of her life in the jungle.
5. I’ll just summarise (总结) the main points of the argument in a few words.
6. When I arrived he was sweeping (扫) the leaves from the driveway.
7. The ability to write characters (字) is part of the Chinese tradition and culture.
8. Please be sure to attach (贴) a cover page to your report.
9. All flights (航班) to New York today are delayed because of bad weather.
10. It is very considerate that they surround (包围) the display cabinet of jewels with guards day and night.
11.(2020·江西南昌二中期末) Do take measures to protect these old traditions and customs (风俗) before they die out.
12. She’s been leading throughout (自始至终) the race, but it now looks as if she’s tired.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. He’s excellent at DIY. He can put up a shelf easily.
2. People let off fireworks for celebration on the National Day.
3. Susan has been working hard day and night, which accounts for her pale face.
4. The hurricane was so strong that it swept away entire buildings.
5. (湖北华师一附中期末) The children attach great importance to being together with pets.
6. The farmer put up a scarecrow(稻草人) to scare away the birds.
7. (2020·河北保定期末) It is easy to begin to think positively when you are surrounded by/with people who think that way.
8. It is believed (believe) that the Maldives is one of the most popular honeymoon places as well as one of the most beautiful island countries.
9. That was the first time for a developing country to play host to the World Expo.
10. If you are in a crowd, a first and most essential(极其重要的) thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings (surround).
二、单句写作
1.众所周知，蝙蝠睡觉时通常是倒挂着的。
As we all know, bats always hang upside down when they are sleeping.
2.(2020·山西阳泉期末)据报道，目前这一贫困山区正在修建另一所新学校。(It + be + 过去分词 + that... )
It’s reported that another new school is being built at present in the poor mountain area.
3.这个小婴儿一见到他妈妈就开始哭了。 (the moment+句子)
The moment the little baby saw his mother, he began to cry.
4.政府一直高度重视保护传统文化。(attach...to...)
The government always attaches great importance to protecting the traditional culture.
语法练｜专项突破｜建议时间：25分钟
一、用括号内词的适当形式填空
1.(2020·江西吉安期末)— May I help you, Madam
—How terrible! The things in my shop are being stolen (steal) frequently these days.
2. Visitors are requested (request) not to touch the exhibits.
3.(天津高考单项填空改编) Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached (reach) so far by the two sides.
4.Sheep are kept (keep) by farmers to produce wool and mutton.
5.(2020·江西南昌二中期末) The house belonging (belong) to an old lady is in good condition.
6.(2020·山东临沂一中期末) Naadam means “games”in Mongolian, and it is represented (represent) by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery.
7.(2020·江苏南京师大附中期末)—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there
—Because my car was being fixed (fix).
8. We had great fun playing on the beaches and it felt (feel)comfortable to bath in the sunlight.
9. Books of this kind sell (sell) well.
10. Look! A nice picture is being drawn (draw) by our teacher.
11.(2020·上海市进才中学期末) The number of deaths of cancer will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.
12. A new cinema is being built (build) here. They hope to finish it next month.
13.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷语法填空改编) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed (employ) only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
14.—Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now
—Yes, he was being interviewed (interview), and he looked a little bit nervous.
二、句式转换(用被动语态)
1.There are many people over there. Go and see what they are selling.
There are many people over there. Go and see what is being sold by them.
2. In order to stop air pollution, the government has taken a lot of measures.
A lot of measures have been taken by the government in order to stop air pollution.
3. We are discussing how to spend the summer holiday now.
How to spend the summer holiday is being discussed by us now.
4. Her mother bought her a computer.
A computer was bought for her by her mother.
5. I hear the students in Class 7 sing the English song every day.
The students in Class 7 are heard to sing the English song every day by me.
6. We must operate this machine with care.
This machine must be operated with care by us.
7. The teacher taught students to regard difficulties as the wealth of life.
Students were taught by the teacher to regard difficulties as the wealth of life.
8. They can complete the work in two hours.
The work can be completed by them in two hours.
综合练｜能力提升｜建议时间：20分钟
一、课文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was Tom’s first time 1. spending (spend) Spring Festival with his host family in China. The house was cleaned and the Chinese character Fu 2. was attached (attach) upside down 3. to get (get) ready for the new year. The 4. greatest (great) excitement began the night before Spring Festival. 5. Fireworks (firework) were being let off and they all sat to enjoy a big dinner, wishing everyone a happy new year.
Xu Gang booked his tickets long before the new year, and bought 6. a bottle of wine for his father. When he got on the train, he was surrounded 7. by/with Shanxi accents. He was happy to be informed of 8. what had been happening.
Li Yan considers Spring Festival family time for her and her husband. When the festival comes, 9. their (they) house buzzes with activities. Great fun is enjoyed as jiaozi are being made, which are a symbol of health and 10. happiness (happy).
二、完成句子
1.去年中秋节我去了中国。很多地方都用灯笼装饰。
I visited China last year on the Mid-autumn Festival. A lot of places were decorated with lanterns .
2.通常孩子们玩灯笼，而大人们坐在一起聊天、赏月。
Usually children play with lanterns while the adults sit together, chatting and enjoying the moon .
3.整个城市在燃放烟花，瞬间点亮了夜空。
Fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky.
4.中秋节是在农历八月十五庆祝的。
The Mid-autumn Festival is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.
5.人们相信，当“福”被颠倒过来贴时，幸福就会到来。
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down ，happiness arrives.
6.我希望大家今晚玩得开心。
I want everybody to have a good time tonight.
7.春节前商店里十分繁忙。
The shops are very busy before the Spring Festival .
8.每年，我一上火车，我就被山西口音包围了——我就知道我要回家见家人了。
Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family.
三、七选五阅读
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to the benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it’s all about the warm feeling after helping someone. 1 As is known, charity work requires a wide variety of people to do a wide variety of things. It means that there are some surprising benefits for volunteers. For example, volunteering:
◆Teaches you new skills
From helping making websites to teaching immigrant kids your native language, or to arranging events for charity, volunteering can really be almost anything. It means that when you get involved in charity work, a lot of the time you will face challenges. 2
◆Can teach you what truly matters
It’s a great way to find new perspectives (角度) on life. When you’ve been at it for a while, you just might find yourself reevaluating your advantages. 3 One of my friends went from wanting to be a lawyer to discovering a true passion for teaching.
◆ 4
Maybe it’s not so surprising, but what might surprise you is how genuine these friends are. Some of my long term friends are people I’ve met through volunteering. I’m not the kind of guy that makes friends purely for connections, but sometimes it’s very convenient to have a broad network.
Summed up in one line: volunteering helps you grow. 5 You meet a very wide variety of people you don’t have a lot in common with. You learn to get along with people involved in many different walks of life. You learn to know what you are to do. So if you’ve ever considered volunteering, what are you waiting for
A. Helps you make new friends
B. Can help improve social skills
C. You might even decide on a completely new path to take in life.
D. As it turns out, that’s far from the only benefit.
E. Volunteering helps you look outside yourself and your problems.
F. Through overcoming the challenges, you learn completely new skills.
G. Not only as a person, but it helps you develop your skill set as well.
答案：DFCAG
