(共12张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
美 文 导 入
素养解读：近年来，高考英语考试的突出特点是坚持能力立意，突出对核心素养的考查。《普通高中英语课程标准(2017年版)》将“学科核心素养”具体解释为“思维品质”、“语言能力”“文化意识”和“学习能力”，并指出：思维品质的发展有助于提升学生分析和解决问题的能力，使他们能够从跨文化视角观察和认识世界，对事物作出正确的价值判断。
下面这篇文章就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开的。它介绍了互联网在我们生活中的重要作用，有助于提升同学们在健康生活方面的意识。
主题：互联网
学科素养：思维品质
难度系数：★★★
What is the World Wide Web
The World Wide Web has been the most popular development of the Internet.The Web is like a big electronic book with millions of pages.These pages are called homepages(主页)．You can find information about almost anything in the world on these pages.For example, you can use the Internet instead of a library to find information for your homework.You can also find information about your favorite sport or film star, talk to your friends or even do some shopping on the pages.Most pages have words, pictures and even sound or music.
What is e－mail
Electronic mail is a way of sending messages to other people. It’s much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter.If you want to use e－mail, you must have an e－mail address.This address must have letters and dots(点) and an “@” (means at)．This is what an address looks like: Emily @ .Write a message，type in the person’s e－mail address, and then send the message across the Internet.People don’t need to use stamps，envelopes or go to the post office since the invention of the Internet.
Quick, easy and interesting—that’s the Internet!
○重要短语
all over the world全世界
for example例如
instead of而不是
look like看起来像
○句型精析
Once you have learned to use the Internet, you can do a lot of interesting things on the World Wide Web.
分析：该句子为主从复合句；其中you can do a lot of interesting things on the World Wide Web为主句；once引导条件状语从句，放在句首。
译文：一旦你学会了使用互联网，你就可以在万维网上做很多有趣的事情。
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
知道如何表达“信息技术的发展变化”；
掌握重点词汇和句式；
学习过去将来时；
利用“看”的技能预测文章内容。
【素养提升】
学会使用所学词汇和句式写个人概况；
学会就信息技术问题表达自己的观点。(共58张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Period Three Lesson 2
课前自主预习
1．accommodation n.______________
2．subscribe vi.______________
3．powerful adj.__________________________
4．latest adj.______________
住处
订阅，订购
效能高的；强有力的；强壮的
最新的；最近的
5．reality n.______________
6．account n.______________
7．software n.______________
8．device n.______________
9．ensure vt.______________
现实；真实
账户
计算机软件
设置，装置
确保，保证
10．__________ n．材料；素材
11．__________ n．性别
12．__________ vt.按
13．__________ n．按钮
14．__________ n．商品
15．__________ n．恩惠；善意的行为
16．__________ vt.确认；证实
17．__________ vi.&vt.递送；传送
18．__________ n．错误；失误
material
gender
press
button
goods
favour
conform
delive
error
1．移动设备 ________________
2．寻找 ________________
3．订阅 ________________
4．建立；创立 ________________
5．查明；找出 ________________
6．询问……的情况 ________________
mobile device
look for
subscribe to
set up
find out
enquire about …
7．book tickets ________________
8．order food ________________
9．make life easier ________________
10．the latest technology ________________
11．difficulties in developing an app ____________________
12．no worries ________________
订票
订餐
使得生活更容易
最新技术
开发一项应用软件的困难
不用担心
1．There ________________ (一定是) an error.(情态动词＋have done表示推测)
2．The most difficult thing is finding out ______________(人们所需要的东西) and solving real－world problems.(what引导的宾语从句)
3．Once I have spoken to him, _____________________(我用这个号码回复你合适吗)
(过去将来时的一般疑问句)
【答案】1.must have been
2．what people need
3．would it be all right for me to call you back on this number
课堂新知讲练
1．accommodation n．住处
(P12)to book accommodation
【翻译】预定住处
(1)accommodation n．住处
make accommodations for… 为……提供膳宿
(2)accommodate vt.容纳；提供……膳宿；使适应；调和，使和解
accommodate oneself to… 使自己适应……
accommodate…with… 向……提供……
【用法详解】
The Olympic Village was built for athletes’ accommodations.
奥运村是为了给运动员提供住宿而建的。
Accommodate oneself to changed circumstances.
使自己适应改变了的形势。
※【拓展提升】
accommodation作“住宿，膳宿”讲时，常用复数形式。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I can accommodate you __________ two bedrooms and a sitting－room.
(2)There was no sleeping __________ (accommodate) available to them for the night.
【答案】(1)with (2)accommodation
2．subscribe vi.订阅；订购
Paraphrase: to pay an amount of money regularly in order to receive or use something
(P12)To subscribe to newspapers and magazines.
【翻译】订阅报纸和杂志。
subscribe vi.订阅；订购
subscribe to同意；赞成；订阅
subscribe…to… 在……上签(名)；向……捐助
subscribe for 认购
【用法详解】
No one will subscribe to such views.
没有人会同意这样的观点。
This is not an invitation nor is it an offer to purchase or subscribe for shares.
这不是一个邀请，也不是要约购买或认购的股份。
If you’re new here, you may want to subscribe to my RSS feed.Thanks for visiting!
如果你是第一次造访这里，你可能会有兴趣订阅我的RSS地址。感谢访问！
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)If you ________ ________ the newspaper，it’ll be delivered to your door.
如果你订阅报纸，它会送货上门的。
(2)She has ________ ________ a new apartment.
她认购了一套新房子。
【答案】(1)subscribe to (2)subscribed for
3．account n．账户
(P13)set up an account
【翻译】建立账户
(1)account n．账户
account 作名词时，还可以表示“原因”
on account of 因为；由于
on no account 决不
take…into account(＝take account of)
把……考虑进去；考虑到
(2)account vt.& vi.解释；说明；认为
account for 解释；说明；是……的原因
【用法详解】
The match was postponed on account of the weather.
由于天气原因，比赛延期进行。
On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
Take into account the quality and workmanship, you will find the price is justified.
考虑到质量和做工，你会发现其价格是公道的。
Please account for your being late for class.
请解释你上课迟到的原因。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Did you choose this company ________ ________ ________ high pay
你是因为想获得优厚的报酬才选择本公司吗？
(2)What might ________ ________ this strange phenomenon
怎样解释这一奇怪的现象？
(3)________ ________ ________ would I dare walk in that neighborhood at night.
夜晚我决不敢在那附近走。
(4)First, we have to ________ ________ ________ that these investors are risking their own money.
首先，我们必须考虑到，这些投资者押注用的是他们自己的钱。
【答案】(1)on account of (2)account for
(3)On no account (4)take into account
4．ensure vt.确保；保证
Paraphrase: to make certain that something will happen properly
(P100)They also ensure that students can all enjoy the same learning materials, even when they’re not sitting in the same classroom together!
【翻译】他们还确保学生可以享受同样的学习材料，即使他们不是坐在同一个教室！
ensure vt.确保；保证
ensure sb.sth.确保某人某事
ensure one’s doing sth.保证某人做某事
ensure sb.against… 保护某人免于……
【用法详解】
This medicine will ensure you a good night’s sleep.
这药将保证你一晚睡眠良好。
Can you ensure your making progress
你能保证你进步吗？
The policemen ensure people against injuring.
警察保护人民免受伤害。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)This pill will ________ ________ a good night’s sleep.
这种药一定会确保你晚上睡个好觉。
(2)We’d better lock the door to ________ ________ ________ interruption.
我们最好把门锁上免受打扰。
(3)We can ________ ________ the work shall be done in the right way.
我们可以保证把工作做好。
【答案】(1)ensure you (2)ensure us against (3)ensure that
5．work on从事；致力于；钻研
(P100)What apps are you working on right now
【翻译】你现在在开发什么应用程序？
work on从事；致力于；钻研
work out解决；计算出；解答出；制定出；产生结果
【用法详解】
I work out regularly to keep fit.
我定期锻炼身体以保持健康。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Why don’t you bring it to his attention that you’re too ill to work ________？
(2)It is possible that we work __________ the math problem.
【答案】(1)on (2)out
6．favour n．恩惠；善意的行为
(P101)Can you do me a favour and find out what’s going on
【翻译】你能帮我一个忙，看看发生了什么事吗？
【用法详解】
I did him a favour.我帮了他一个忙。
May I ask a favour of you？能不能请你帮个忙？
Everyone in the class voted in favour of the sports meeting.
班上每个人都投票赞成举办运动会。
Will you do me a favour to close the window
你能帮帮忙把窗子关上吗？
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)I am ______ ______ ______ (赞成)stopping for a rest now.
(2)Could you ________ ________ ________ ________ (帮我个忙) and pick up Sam from school today
(3)The delay may actually work ________ ________ ________ (对我们有利)．
【答案】(1)in favour of (2)do me a favour
(3)in our favour
7．deliver vi.& vt.递送；传送
Paraphrase: to take goods, letters, packages, etc to a particular place or person
(P101)Well, according to my records, Ms Smith, your order was delivered last week.
【翻译】好吧，根据我的记录，史密斯小姐，你的订单上星期已经发货了。
(1)deliver vi.&vt.递送；传送
deliver 作动词时还可以表示“发表；接生(小孩)等”
deliver sth.to… 把某物投递/传送/运送到……
deliver sb.from… 把某人从……中解救出来
deliver a lecture/speech 发表演讲
(2)delivery n．投递；邮件；发送的货物
【用法详解】
He delivered us from danger.
他把我们从危险中解救出来。
Every day the milkman delivers milk to our house.
送牛奶的人每天都把牛奶送到我们家。
She is due to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering.
根据安排她要做一个关于遗传工程的讲座。
【针对练习】
写出下列句中deliver的含义
(1)The package was delivered this morning.________
(2)The baby was delivered by an old woman. ________
(3)These reports should be delivered at the end of every year. ________
【答案】(1)递送 (2)接生 (3)发表(演说)
※8.assist vt.帮助；协助
(P101)Can I assist you with anything else today
【翻译】今天我能帮你做点什么吗？
【用法详解】
We will assist you to find somewhere to live.
我们将帮助你找个住的地方。
He asked us to assist him in working out the problem.
他要求我们帮助他解决这个问题。
I was employed to assist the manager with his duties.
我受雇协助经理工作。
One of her fellow passengers came to her assistance.
同车的一个乘客过来帮她。
【易混辨析】
assist/help/aid
assist 意为“帮助；协助”，侧重指协助
help 意为“帮助”，为常用词
aid 一般是指“援助”一群人，尤指用金钱(接受帮助的人较广泛)
She assisted the hostess at the party.
她在聚会中协助女主人。
If he is in difficulty, you help him.
如果他遇到困难，你就帮助他。
He is always aiding the student with money.
他总是出钱帮助这个学生。
【针对练习】
用assist的适当形式填空
(1)She received financial __________ (assist) from the local authority.
(2)He __________ (assist) me with good counsel and encouragement.
(3)We are looking for a young __________ (assist) having the ambition.
完成句子
(4)I ________ my younger sister ________ ________ her homework.
我帮妹妹做作业。
(5)Please let me know if there is anything else I can ________ you.
请让我知道，如果有任何东西我可以帮助你的。
(6)It was then that king Ahaz sent asking the Kings of Assyria ________ ________ ________ ________.
那时，阿哈次派人去亚述王那里求救。
(7)________ ________ ________ ________ Internet, more people can now communicate with one another more freely and quickly.
互联网的帮助下，更多的人现在可以更自由地互相沟通并迅速。
【答案】(1)assistance (2)assisted (3)assistant
(4)assist；to do (5)assist
(6)come to his assistance
(7)With the assistance of
(P101)There must have been an error.
【翻译】一定是出错了。
【考点提炼】
must have been 为“情态动词＋have done”结构，意为“一定做了某事”，表示对过去的肯定情况把握较大的推测。
【归纳拓展】
功能 用法
表示
推测 must have done sth.一定做了……，用于肯定句
may/might have done sth.可能已经做了……，多用于肯定句
could have done sth.可能已经做了……，用于肯定句或疑问句
can have done sth.可能已经做了……，用于疑问句或否定句
功能 用法
表示责备或惋惜 ought to/should have done sth.本应该做……(却没有做)
could/might have done sth.本能/本可以做……(却没有做)
oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have done sth.本不该做……(却做了)
表示没有必要 needn’t have done sth.本不需要做某事而做了
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Since the ground is wet it ________ ________ ________ last night.
地上很湿，昨晚肯定下过雨。
(2)You shouldn’t have been following him so closely; you ________ ________ ________ your distance.
你本不应该跟他那么近的。你本应该保持距离。
(3)—Why didn’t he come to the party last night
—He ________ ________ ________ ________ to see me.
——他昨晚为什么没来参加聚会呢？
——他可能是不想见我吧。
【答案】(1)must have rained
(2)should have kept
(3)might not have wanted
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1. ____________ (住宿) is free — all you pay for is breakfast and dinner.
2．Which journals does the library __________ (订阅) to
3．It’s such a big ________ (/'pa f l/) dog.
4．Have you heard the ________ (最新的) news
5．The __________ (/ri' l ti/) is that there is not enough money to pay for this project.
6．I don’t have a bank __________ (账户)．
7．They write the __________ (软件) for big computer projects.
8．The ________ (/d 'va s/) is fixed to a post.
【答案】1.Accommodation 2.subscribe
3．powerful 4.latest 5.reality 6.account
7．software 8.device
二、单句语法填空
1．You’re a ________ (power) man — people will listen to you.
2．The government will provide temporary ____________ (accommodate) for up to three thousand people.
3．Have you heard the __________ (late) news
4．The ________ (real) is that there is not enough money to pay for this project.
5．The poor weather may have accounted ________ the small crowd.
6．Most mechanical __________ (device) require oil.
7．“Would you do me ________ favour？” she asked hesitantly(犹豫地)．
8．She wanted to set ________ her own company.
【答案】1.powerful 2.accommodation 3.latest
4．reality 5.for 6.devices 7.a 8.up
三、完成句子
1．Two things __________ __________ its occurrence.
发生这件事的原因有两个。
2．Some are ________ ________ ________ it, some are against it.
有的赞成， 有的反对。
3．Could you help me ________ ________ this problem
你能帮我解决这问题吗？
4．They ________ ________ a library for the kids to read.
他们为孩子们建立了一座图书馆来读书。
5．You need to ________ ________ your pronunciation a bit more.
你需要再加把劲改善发音。
【答案】1.accounted for 2.in favour of
3．figure out 4.set up 5.work on(共29张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
单元要点回顾
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 1．app n．____________
2．download vt．____________
3．wristband n．____________
4．image n．____________
5．2D(2－dimensional) adj．____________
6．sex n．____________
7．sensible adj. ________________________
8．blog n．_________________vt．____________
应用程序
下载
腕带
图像；形象
二维的
性别
朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
vt.发表博客
n.博客；网络日志
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 9．experiment vi.& vt.________________ n.______
10．hairstyle n.____________
11．type vi.& vt.____________
n.____________
12．subscribe vi.____________
13．account n.____________
14．software n.____________
做实验，进行试验
实验
发型，发式
打；打字
订阅，订购
账户
计算机软件
类型；种类
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 15．device n.____________
16．material n.____________
17．gender n.____________
18．button n.____________
19．goods n.____________
20．error n.____________
设置，装置
材料；素材
性别
按钮
商品
错误；失误
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 21．percent n.________________
22．tablet n.________________________
23．profile n.____________
24．series n.____________
25．sailor n.____________
百分比；百分数
平板电脑；药片；碑，牌
人物简介；传略
系列
水手，海员
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 1．______________ n.影响；作用
2．______________ adj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的
3．______________ adv.确实；当然
4．______________ adj.极好的；了不起的
5．______________ adj.花哨的；别致的
6．______________ vt.欺骗；诱骗；哄骗
7．______________ adv.现今；现时
impact
self－focused
indeed
super
fancy
trick
nowadays
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 8．___________ adj.虚拟的；模拟的
9．___________ vt.欺骗；欺诈
10．___________ vt.看；把……视为
11．__________ adj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的
12．___________ adj. 最新的；最近的
13．___________ vt.确保，保证
14．___________ n.恩惠；善意的行为
virtual
cheat
view
powerful
latest
ensure
favour
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 15．______________ vt.取代；接替
16．______________ n.& vt.拥抱；紧抱
17．______________ n.内容
18．______________ adj.肤浅的，浅薄的
19．______________ n.意见；看法；主张
20．______________ vi.给予某物关注 n.焦点
replace
hug
content
shallow
opinion
focus
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 21．______________ n.智能手机
22．______________ n.权威人士；专家
23．______________ n.幻想作品
24．______________ n.作者；作家
25．______________ n.政策；方针
smartphone
authority
fantasy
author
policy
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 1．____________ vt.使可能；使发生
→ ____________ adj.有能力的
→ ____________ n.能力
2．____________ n.方便；便利
→ ____________ adj.方便的；便利的
3．____________ n.效应；影响
→ ____________ adj.有效的
→ ____________ adv.有效地
→ ____________ vt.影响
enable
able
ability
convenience
convenient
effect
effective
effectively
affect
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 4．____________ adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的
→ ____________ adj.令人着迷的
→ ____________ vt.使着迷
→ ____________ n.着迷
5．_______________ n.建议，提议；推荐
→ ____________ vt.建议；推荐
6．____________ vt.探究；探讨；探险
→ ____________ n.探究；探险
→ ____________ n.探险家；探索者
addicted
addictive
addict
addiction
recommendation
recommend
explore
exploration
explorer
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 7．____________ n.个性；性格
→ ____________ adj.个人的；亲自的
→ ____________ adv.亲自；就自己而言
8．____________ vi.& vt.承认
→ ____________ n.承认
9．____________ n.闹钟；使警觉
→ ____________ adj.惊恐的
→ ____________ adj.令人惊恐的
personality
personal
personally
admit
admission
alarm
alarmed
alarming
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 10．____________ n.身份；特征
→ ____________ vt.鉴定；识别
11．____________ n.多样化；变化
→ ____________ adj.多样的
→ ____________ vi.& vt.变化；使多样化
12．____________ adj.即时的；立刻的；马上的
→ ____________ adv.立即地；马上地
identity
identify
variety
various
vary
instant
instantly
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 13．____________ n.创造力；独创性
→ ____________ vt.创造
→ ____________ adj.有创造力的
14．____________ adv.显而易见地；明显地
→ ____________ adj.显而易见的；明显的
15．____________ n.供选择的同类物品；选择
→ ____________ vt.精选
creativity
create
creative
obviously
obvious
selection
select
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 16．__________ n.担忧；忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心
→ ____________ adj.关心的；担心的
→ ____________ prep．关于
17．________________ n.住处
→ ______________ vt.容纳；留宿
18．____________ vi.订阅；订购
→ ____________ n.订阅；订购
concern
concerned
concerning
accommodation
accommodate
subscribe
subscription
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 19．__________ adj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的
→ ____________ n.能力；权力
→ ____________ adj.无力的
20．____________ n.现实；真实
→ ____________ adj.真实的
→ ____________ adv.真正地
21．____________ vt.按
→ ____________ n.压力；压迫
powerful
power
powerless
reality
real
really
press
pressure
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 22．____________ vt.确认；证实
→ _____________ n.确认；证实
23．____________ vt.递送；传送
→ _____________ n.递送；传送
24．____________ vt.& n.伤害；损害
→ ____________ adj.有害的
→ ____________ adj.无害的
confirm
confirmation
deliver
delivery
harm
harmful
harmless
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 25．____________ n.论点；论据
→ ____________ vi.& vt.争论；辩论
26．____________ vi.专注；专心；集中注意力
→ _____________ n.集中；专心
27．____________ adj.有益的；有意义的
→ ____________ vt.回报；奖赏
28．____________ n.增添；添加
→ __________ vi.& vt.加；增加；添加；补充说
argument
argue
concentrate
concentration
rewarding
reward
addition
add
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 29．____________ n.基础；基点
→ ____________ vt.以……为基础
→ ____________ adj.基础的；基本的
30．____________ vt.保持；维持
→ ____________ n.保持；维持
31．____________ adj.局限的；限制性的
→ ____________ v．& n.限制
→ ____________ adj.有限的；受限的
basis
base
basic
maintenance
maintaince
limiting
limit
limited
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 32．____________ adj.简洁的；简明的
→ ____________ adv.简洁地；简明地
33．____________ n.位置；地点
→ ____________ vi.& vt.位于；定居
34．____________ adj.可选择的；非强制的
→ ____________ n.选择
35．____________ adj.想象的；虚构的
→ ____________ vi.& vt.想象
brief
briefly
location
locate
optional
option
imaginary
imagine
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 36．____________ adj.了不起的；惊人的
→ ____________ vt.使吃惊
→ ____________ adj.大为惊奇的；惊讶的
37．____________ vt.把……转变成数字形式；使……数字化
→ ____________ adj.数字的；数字化的
→ ____________ adv.数字地；数字化地
38．____________ adj.易懂的；易得到的
→ ____________ n.通道；进入；机会；使用权
amazing
amaze
amazed
digitize
digital
digitally
accessible
access
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 1．be addicted to _______________
2．a variety of _______________
3．instead of _________________
4．more than one _________________
5．have fun ___________________
6．experiment with… _________________
沉迷
各种各样的
而不是
不止一个
玩得开心
用……做实验
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 7．move around _________________
8．look forward to _________________
9．be concerned with _________________
10．in addition _________________
11．focus on _________________
12．be filled with _____________
四处走动
盼望
关心
除此之外
关注
充满
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 13．keep track of _____________________
14．take part in ____________________
15．search for ____________________
16．according to ____________________
17．be used to do sth． ___________________
18．worry about ___________________
跟踪；追踪
参加
搜索；搜查
根据
被用来做某事
担忧；担心
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 1．________ __________ started creating their own avatars, they discovered that…
人们开始创设自己的虚拟形象时，他们发现……
2．Some users worry that they are spending ________ _______ _______ in vital words _________ they are becoming afraid of …
一些用户担心它们在虚拟世界中花费太多时间，以至于开始害怕……
When people
so
much time
that
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 3．__________ the Internet can bring people close together, it can also harm friendships．
虽然互联网把人们联系在一起，但它也会损害友谊。
4．You can stay in touch with friends ________ _______ ______ _______ ______ or what you are doing.
无论你在哪里，做什么，你都可以和朋友保持联系。
While
no matter
where you are
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 过去将来时
1．Lily said that _______ _______ _______ to China. Lily曾说她要到中国来。
2．Betty said ______ ________ ______ the Great Wall next Saturday．
贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。
she would come
she would visit
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 3．I didn’t know if ______ ________ ________．
我不知道他是否会来。
4．They never knew that environment __________ __________ a big problem．
他们从来都不知道环境问题将会成为一个大问题。
he would come
would
become
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 5．She didn’t tell me _______ _____ ______ ______.
她没有告诉我她要去哪儿。
6．Mother said that she ________ _______ _______ __________.
妈妈说她会把这些事情做了。
where she would go
would do these
things (共65张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Period One Topic Talk
课前自主预习
1．app n．__________
2．enable vt．________________
3．convenience n．__________
4．effect n．__________
5．impact n．__________
6．self－focused adj.____________________________
7．addicted adj.________________________
应用程序
使可能，使发生
方便，便利
效应；影响
影响；作用
以自我为中心的；关注自我的
对……着迷的；沉迷的
8．______________ adv.确实；当然
9．______________ vt.下载
10．________________ n．建议，提议；推荐
11．____________ adj.极好的，了不起的
12．____________ vt.探究；探讨；探险
13．____________ n．个性；性格
14．____________ vi.&vt.承认
15．____________ n．闹钟
indeed
download
recommendation
super
explore
personality
admit
alarm
1．沉迷 ______________
2．提供便利 _________________
3．聚焦；集中于 ______________
4．整天；全天 ______________
5．在……花费时间 ______________
6．因……而出名 ______________
be addicted to
provide convenience
focus on
all day long
spend time on …
be known for …
7．be connected by… ________
8．mass production ____________________
9．make communication convenient __________________
10．develop new friendships ______________
11．face－to－face communication________________
12．town square __________________
用……连接
大量生产；大规模生产
使得交流变得更容易
发展新友谊
面对面交流
城镇广场；城市广场
1．It ______________ (使我感觉不那么孤独)．(动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
2．We really need time to focus on ________________ (我们正在做的)．(what引导的宾语从句)
3．…a bell rings me __________________________(我的时间到了)．(that引导的从句作宾语补足语)
【答案】1.makes me feel less lonely
2．what we are doing
3．that my time is up
课堂新知讲练
1．enable vt.使可能；使发生
(P6)enable better communication
【翻译】实现更好的沟通。
(1)enable vt.使可能，使发生
enable sb.to do sth.使某人能做某事
(2)able adj.能；有能力的；能干的
be able to 会；能够；有能力做某事
(3)ability n．能力；能耐；才能
(4)disable vt.使失去能力；使残废
【用法详解】
The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early.
新的检验使医生能在早期发现该种疾病。
The hot sun enables the grapes to reach optimum ripeness.
炙热的阳光使葡萄能达到最佳成熟状态。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Teachers can enable students __________ (develop) their own way of reading.
完成句子
(2)Doing this ________ ________ ________ take action on your thoughts.
这样做的话可以使你在思想上采取行动。
【答案】(1)to develop (2)enables you to
2．convenience n．方便，便利
Paraphrase: the quality of being useful, easy or suitable for somebody
(P6)provide convenience
【翻译】提供便利
(1)convenience n．方便，便利
for convenience 为了方便起见
for the convenience of…为了方便……
at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
(2)convenient adj.方便的；便利的
if it is convenient for sb.如果某人方便的话
be convenient for… 对……是方便的
【用法详解】
He was able to see and touch a lion while still in the convenience of the VR studio.
借助VR(虚拟现实)工作室里的便利，他能看见并抚摸一头狮子。
It is a great convenience to have the doctor living near.
有医生住在附近，极为方便。
Ready meals sell well because of their convenience.
快餐卖得好是因为它方便。
For your convenience，the bank is open until 7 p．m.
为了方便大家，本银行营业到晚上七点。
Many stores have a delivery service for the convenience of customers.
为了方便顾客，许多商店设有送货上门服务。
When is it most convenient for us to meet
我们什么时候见面最方便？
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)With my own car，I can stop ________ ________ ________.
开着我自己的车，我可以随意停下。
(2)At night，I keep my mobile phone near my bed ________ ________.
晚上，我把手机放在床边以求便利。
(3)Everything here ________ ________ ________ the residents.
这里的居民生活都方便。
(4)It’s just a matter of schedule, that is, __________ ________ ________ ________ ________ you right now.
这只是时间安排的问题，也就是说，如果您现在方便的话。
(5)Shanghai arranged public transport at midnight ________ ________ ________ ________ unlucky delayed passengers.
半夜，上海安排了公共交通工具，为不幸晚点的乘客提供方便。
【答案】(1)at my convenience (2)for convenience
(3)is convenient for (4)if it is convenient for
(5)for the convenience of
3．effect n．效应；影响
(P6)effects/impacts
【翻译】效应，影响/影响，作用
effect n．效应；影响
come into effect 生效；实施
side effects副作用
have an effect on… 对……产生影响
【用法详解】
It is rare for any drug to be free from occasional side effects.
对于任何药物来说，完全没有任何副作用是极其罕见的。
Words possess power because of their lasting effects.
语言之所以有力量，是因为它的持久作用。
The fruit juice only has an effect on weight.
果汁只对体重有影响。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)This experience has had an amazing ________ ________ our lives.
这次经历对我们的生活产生了惊人的影响。
(2)The drugs ________ ________ ________ at all.
这些药一点效果也没有。
【答案】(1)effect on (2)had no effect
4．addicted adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的
Paraphrase: unable to stop using or doing something as a habit, especially something harmful
(P6)addicted to it
【翻译】沉迷于它
(1)addicted adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的
be/become addicted to… 沉迷于……；迷上……
(2)addict vt.使上瘾； n．有瘾的人
addict oneself to…沉溺于……；醉心于……
(3)addiction n．上瘾；入迷
an addiction to………的瘾
(4)addictive adj.使人上瘾的
【用法详解】
His son is addicted to computer games.
她的儿子对电脑游戏入了迷。
He is addicted to drinking.
他饮酒成瘾。
Li Ming is a game addict, and his parents have been trying to prevent him from being addicted to computer games which are very addictive.
李明是一个游戏迷，他父母一直试图让他不要沉迷于让人上瘾的电脑游戏。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)His ______ _______ drugs caused his family much grief.
他吸毒成瘾，使得他的家人非常伤心。
(2)The little boy is ________ ________ ________ detective novels.
那个小男孩是个侦探小说迷。
【答案】(1)addiction to (2)addicted to reading
※5.mass adj.大规模的，数量极多的
n．[C]一团；一堆；许多
(P7)The Second used electric power to create mass production.
【翻译】第二次(工业革命)利用电力创造大规模生产。
mass adj.大规模的，数量极多的
n．[C]一团；一堆；许多
a mass of/masses of许多
the mass of大多数
the masses群众
【用法详解】
The time appointed for the mass meeting was 9 a．m.
群众大会上午9点届时召开。
There will be no global war，no mass starvation.
将不再有全球性的战争，不再有众多的人挨饿。
There were masses of people in the shops yesterday.
昨天商店里人如潮涌。
The mass of the population could not afford such goods.
大多数人买不起这类商品。
※【拓展提升】
“a mass of＋n.”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“masses of＋n.”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)She has a mass ________ things to do.
(2)Look! There ________ (be) masses of dark clouds in the sky.
【答案】(1)of (2)are
(注：本书中凡带※符号的内容均供学有余力的读者自行选用)
6．explore vt.探究；探讨；探险
Paraphrase: to discuss or think about something carefully; to travel around an area in order to find out about it
(P99)I love exploring new technologies, because they are so convenient.
【翻译】我喜欢探索新技术，因为它们很方便。
(1)explore vt.探究；探讨；探险
explore sth.for…勘探……
(2)explorer n．探险者；勘探者
(3)exploration n．勘探；勘察
(4)exploratory adj.勘探的，实地调查的
【用法详解】
From 24 to 29 June，I will explore some places of interest there.
从6月24日到29日，我将在那里探索一些旅游胜地。
As soon as they arrived in the town they went out to explore.
他们一到这个城镇就外出查看周围的环境。
There must be a full exploration of all the possibilities before we decide.
在我们做出决定之前必须仔细研究一切可能发生的情况。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Jim is an experienced ________ (explore)．
(2)Let us ________ (explore)the possibilities for improvement.
(3)This paper shares some of our experience during our _______ (explore)．
(4)The 2002 version shows a change to an approach based on ________ (explore) testing.
【答案】(1)explorer (2)explore (3)exploration (4)exploratory
7．order v．命令；要求；订购
n．秩序；次序；命令；订购；订单
(P99)I know one that can even help you get what you order within two hours!
【翻译】我知道一个技术甚至可以帮你在两小时内拿到你订购的东西！
【用法详解】
She was steady and calm, and kept things going in good order.
她从容、镇静，把每一件事情都安排得有条不紊。
The “good habits” are listed in order of priority, from most－important to least－important.
这些“好习惯”是按照优先顺序排列的，从最重要的习惯开始。
If you know that your work-life balance is out of order then you need to change that.
如果你知道你的工作和生活平衡是出现故障的，那么你需要改变。
He ordered his secretary to place an order for 100 books and arrange them in order of size.
他命令秘书去订购100本书并把它们按大小顺序排列。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Put everything in the room ________ order before you leave the room.
离开房间前把房间里的所有东西整理好。
(2)My clock is __________ of order and it waked me up at three this morning.
我的闹钟出毛病了，今天早晨3点就把我叫醒了。
【答案】(1)in (2)out
8．recommendation n．建议，提议；推荐
(P99)Do you have any recommendation
【翻译】你有什么建议吗？
【用法详解】
Her work is highly recommended.
她的工作受到高度赞扬。
We recommend him for the job.
我们推荐他做这项工作。
He recommends wearing safety equipment.
他建议佩戴安全装备。
Can you recommend me a good dictionary
＝Can you recommend a good dictionary to me
你能为我推荐一本好字典吗？
I would like to recommend an interesting new book here.
在此我要推荐一本有趣的新书。
The teacher recommended us to read the novel.
＝The teacher recommended that we (should) read the novel.
老师建议我们读那部小说。
※【拓展提升】
recommend 作“建议”讲，后跟宾语从句时，谓语动词需用虚拟语气，即 should＋动词原形，should 可省略，类似于 suggest，advise，order 等词的用法。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)They write letters of ________ (recommend)on behalf of the students.
(2)I’m going to Paris tomorrow.Which hotel can you recommend me ________ (stay) in
(3)The teacher recommended __________ (buy)an English－Chinese dictionary.
【答案】(1)recommendation (2)to stay (3)buying
9．admit vi.&vt.承认
Paraphrase: to agree unwillingly that something is true; to allow somebody to enter a place
(P99)Well, I admit it.
【翻译】好吧，我承认。
admit vi.&vt.承认；允许进入；接纳
admit (to)sth./doing sth.承认某事/干过某事
admit…to be…承认……是……
admit sb.to/into sth.准许某人进入；准许某人加入
be admitted to/into… 被……录取；被……接纳
【用法详解】
I admitted how badly I had done.
我承认我做得很糟糕。
He admitted all his mistakes.
他承认了全部错误。
This hall can admit as many as 1,000 people.
这个礼堂可容纳多达1,000人。
He admitted having done wrong to her.
他承认冤枉了她。
Each ticket admits two people to the party.
每张票可供两人入场参加聚会。
He has been admitted to/into the college since he became famous.
自他出名后这所大学就录取了他。
【针对练习】
句型转换
She admitted her child’s honesty.
＝She admitted her child _________________________ _______________________________________________.
＝She admitted that her child ________________.
【答案】to be honest；was honest
(P99)It makes me feel less lonely.
【翻译】它使我感觉不那么孤独。
【考点提炼】
makes me feel less lonely为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。该结构中的宾补可由动词原形、名词、形容词、过去分词或介词短语充当。具体如下：
①make＋宾语＋do sth.(与宾语之间是主动关系)
②make＋宾语＋n.
③make＋宾语＋adj.
④make＋宾语＋done (与宾语之间是被动关系)
⑤make＋宾语＋介词短语
Praise makes good men better and bad men worse.
表扬能使好人更好，坏人更坏。
The police made them stand against the wall.
＝They were made by the police to stand against the wall.
警察让他们靠墙站着。
【归纳拓展】
(1)当“make＋宾语＋do sth.”变为被动语态时，不定式符号“to”要还原。
(2)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置，即：make＋it＋宾语补足语＋不定式短语或从句(宾语补足语由名词或形容词充当)。常用于此结构中的动词还有：think, believe, find, consider, feel等。
I find it hard to remember these words in a short time.
我发现在短时间内记住这些词很难。
I must make it clear that I’ll always support you.
我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The fact that she was foreign made ________ difficult for her to get a job in that country.
(2)Tom’s mother made him ________ (paint) the house.
(3)You have to make yourself ________ (understand)．
【答案】(1)it (2)paint (3)understood
语 音 时 空
一、单词拼写
1．Just go online or download an ________ (应用程序)．
2．This will ________ (使能够)the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.
3．They may use a credit card for __________ (方便)．
4．The ________ (影响) of positive thinking vary from person to person.
5．Her speech made a profound ________ (影响) on everyone.
6．She had become __________ (/ 'd kt d/) to golf.
7．I don’t mind at all.____________ (实际上), I would be delighted to help.
8．I need to __________ (下载) some lessons for class.
【答案】1.app 2.enable 3.convenience 4.effects
5．impact 6.addicted 7.Indeed 8.download
二、单句语法填空
1．She seldom communicates ________ others so she doesn’t fit in with the class.
2．These skills enable students __________ (follow)a career，such as clothing design.
3．The doctor recommended his patient ________ (go)out for a walk.
4．If it is convenient ________ you, let’s make it tomorrow.
5．Nowadays, masses __________ people worry about the future.
6．Mr.Smith finds it difficult to keep his class ________ order.
【答案】1.with 2.to follow 3.to go 4.for 5.of 6．in
三、完成句子
1. ________ ________ computer games, he left much homework unfinished.
他沉迷于电脑游戏，很多作业没有做完。
2．We had a ________ argument with them.
我们同他们进行了一次面对面的辩论。
3．You should ________ your attention ________ your work.
你应该把注意力放到工作上。
4．The sight of the clock ________ ________ ________ I was late.
看到钟表使我想起我已经迟到了。
5．Will the 3：50 train ________ ________ ________ you
3：50的火车你方便吗？
【答案】1.Addicted to 2.face－to－face 3.focus; on
4．reminded me that 5.be convenient for(共33张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Period Five Writing Workshop
课堂新知讲练
1．location n．位置；地点
(P18) My location
【翻译】我的位置
(1)location n．位置；地点
(2)locate vt.使……坐落在；位于
locate sth.确定某物的位置，找出某物的场所
locate sth.in… 把某物建(设置) 在……
(3)be located on/in…(＝lie in/on/to…) 位于……
【用法详解】
The building is located in a business centre.
该大楼位于商业中心。
The company located its headquarter in Shanghai.
这家公司把总部建在了上海。
People later remembered the folder location better than the facts.
人们后来对文件夹位置的记忆比那些事实更清楚。
※【拓展提升】
表达“位于某处”时，不能受汉语的影响用locate的主动形式，要用其被动语态，即be located in/on/at…。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The dog can sense the suitcase’s __________ (locate)．
(2)Mount Tai is __________ (locate) in the middle of Shandong Province.
【答案】(1)location (2)located
2．amazing adj.了不起的；惊人的
Paraphrase: very surprising; very pleasant or enjoyable
(P18) In my opinion，the author did an amazing job of creating a whole new world through this book.
【翻译】在我看来，作者通过这本书非常了不起地创造了一个全新的世界。
【用法详解】
(3)amaze v．使惊奇；使惊愕
(4)amazed adj.惊奇的
be amazed to do…
＝be amazed at/by…
＝be amazed that＋从句对……很惊奇
We stared at him in amazement.
我们惊奇地注视着他。
I think you’ll be amazed at what you see.
我觉得你们将会惊讶于你们所看到的。
To my amazement, he passed the exam.
令我惊奇的是，他通过了考试。
【针对练习】
用amaze的适当形式填空
(1)It __________ me to hear that you were leaving.
(2)We were __________ at/by the change in his appearance.
(3)To our __________， he was still alive.
(4)He is an __________ player to watch.
【答案】(1)amazed (2)amazed (3)amazement (4)amazing
(P18) That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best!
【翻译】这就是为什么我相信关于外国文化或想象世界的书是最好的！
【考点提炼】
That’s why…“这就是为什么……” why引导的是表语从句；why从句在此表示结果。
【归纳拓展】
That’s because…这是因为……(because从句表示原因) 。
The reason why…is/was that………的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because) 。
That’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.
那就是那节课他给我一个如此低的分数的原因。
This is the reason why the word “belated” was invented.
这就是“belated”这个词被发明的原因。
Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill.
汤姆开会迟到了，那是因为他病了。
The reason why the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus often changes.
每年需要重新注射的原因是这种病毒经常变化。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1) ________ ________ these trucks don’t actually have any drivers.
那是因为这些卡车实际上没有司机。
(2) ________ ________ ________ I didn’t write to you.
那就是我没有给你写信的原因。
【答案】(1)That’s because (2)That is why
写作高效提升
1．be born in 出生于
2．make a living 谋生
3．devoted his lifetime to… 把他的一生奉献于……
4．in his youth 在他年轻的时候
5．make great contributions to… 对……做出巨大贡献
6．graduate from… 从……毕业
7．in the field of…在……领域
◎话题短语
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．Born in 1996，he is now a 23－year－old student, studying in a university.
他出生于1996年，现年23岁，就读于一所大学。
2．He is a tall man, with blue/bright eyes and blond/brown hair.
他是一个高个的男人，有着蓝色/明亮的眼睛和金色/棕色的头发。
◎话题佳句
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
3．He was born into a poor/rich family and lived a hard/ happy life.
他出生在一个贫穷/富裕的家庭，过着艰苦/幸福的生活。
4．He went to study in Peking University in 2004 and graduated four years later.
他于2004年进入北京大学学习，4年后毕业。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
5．He is honored/regarded/considered as…
他被认为是……
6．He has made great contributions to…
他为……做出了重大贡献。
请根据以下内容写一篇文章介绍美国著名歌手、音乐家、诗人鲍勃·迪伦。
◎写作范例
姓名 鲍勃·迪伦(Bob Dylan)
出生地 美国
出生日期 1941年
经历 少年时期展示出音乐天赋
在高中的时候就组建了自己的乐队
在读大学期间，对民谣产生兴趣
1961年，鲍勃·迪伦开始致力于音乐
姓名 鲍勃·迪伦(Bob Dylan)
音乐风格 遵守美国音乐的传统
成就 2016年，鲍勃·迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖
评价 作品充满创造力；为美国文化以及世界的
文化做出了很多贡献
1.词数：80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【写作指导】
体裁 记叙文 时态 一般过去时
主题 人物简介 人称 第三人称
写作
要点 首段：总述
中段：具体介绍鲍勃·迪伦的经历及成就
末段：对鲍勃·迪伦的评价
【学以致用】
用复合词完成句子。
1．Which do you like better, a __________ train or an ordinary train
高速火车和普通火车你更喜欢哪一种？
2．The railway ________ ________ my hometown is still under construction.
通往我的家乡的那条铁路正在建设中。
3.____________ people usually can get what they want.
辛勤工作的人们能够得到他们想要的。
4．China is a country with thousands of years of civilisation and a ________ tradition.
中国是一个有着几千年文明历史和爱好和平的传统的国家。
5．My uncle wants to buy a ________ car.
我的叔叔打算买一部二手车。
6．The mother doesn’t allow her ____________ daughter to go out at night.
那位母亲不允许她十六岁的女儿晚上外出。
Keys：1.high－speed 2.leading to 3.Hard－working
4．peace－loving 5.second－hand 6.sixteen－year－old
【参考范文】
Born in America in 1941, Bob Dylan is a famous singer, musician and poet in America.
In his youth, he showed his great talent in music.It was just when he was in high school that he set up a band of his own.He went to college, during which he showed great interest in folk music.In 1961, he began to devote himself to music.
Bob Dylan, whose works are full of creativity, makes great contributions to the culture of America and the world.Bob Dylan has achieved great success in music and literature, which enabled him to win the Nobel Prize.
假定你是李华， 请根据下面表格中的内容提示，为校报的英语园地写一篇英语报道，介绍你最崇拜的一位中国科学家。
◎写作练笔
姓名 梁建英 出生年份 1972年
职务 中国高铁总设计师
主要经历 (1)1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作
(2)研制出时速300～350千米高速动车组
(3)2015年获奖
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：高速动车组high－speed EMU
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Liang Jianying，born in 1972，is general designer of the China high－speed EMU.Since she graduated in 1995，she has been devoting all her life to the research into the development of the China high－speed railway.Afterwards，she developed the 300～350 km per hour high－speed EMU，making it more convenient for us to travel around quickly.As a consequence，she was awarded in 2015.
Liang Jianying has set a good example to us.We should study hard and try to make contributions to the development of our country in the future.(共74张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
Period Four Lesson 3
课前自主预习
1．harm vt.&n.__________
2．argument n.__________
3．replace vt.____________
4．hug n.&vt.____________
5．concentrate vi.__________
6．concerned adj.__________
7．rewarding adj.__________
8．addition n.__________
伤害，损害
论点；论据
取代；接替
拥抱；紧抱
专注，专心；集中注意力
关切的，关心的
有益的；有意义的
增添；添加
9．content n.__________
10．shallow adj.__________________
11．authority n.________________
12．basis n.__________
13．percent n.__________________
14．opinion n.________________
15．focus vi.__________ n.__________
16．maintain vt.______________
内容
肤浅的，浅薄的
权威人士；专家
基础；基点
百分比；百分数
意见；看法；主张
给予某物焦点
焦点
保持；维持
17．___________ n．智能手机
18．__________ n．平板电脑；药片；碑，牌
19．__________ adj.局限的，限制性的
20．__________ adj.简洁的，简明的
21．__________ adj.创造性的
smartphone
tablet
limiting
brief
creative
1．关心…… _______________
2．除此之外 _______________
3．关注 _______________
4．依我看来 _______________
5．与某人交流 _______________
6．与某人保持联系 _______________
7．指出 _______________
8．在线交谈 _______________
be concerned with …
in addition
focus on
on the basis of …
communicate with sb.
stay in touch with sb.
point out
talking online
9．lifelong friendships ____________
10．in my opinion ____________
11．be honest about… ____________
12．online communication ____________
13．maintain healthy relationships _______________
14．in many ways ____________
15．negative aspects ____________
16．care for ____________
终身友谊
在我看来
对……诚实
在线交流
维持健康的关系
在许多方面
消极方面
关心
1.___________________________(尽管互联网把人们联系在一起), it can also harm friendships.(while引导让步状语从句)
2．You can stay in touch with friends ________________ (无论你在哪里) or what you are doing.(让步状语从句)
【答案】1.While the Internet can bring people closer together 2.no matter where you are
Ⅰ．判断正误
( ) 1.Images can replace a real smile or hug.
( ) 2.Important social skills enable people to develop friendships.
( ) 3.In the first part, the writer thinks it is dangerous to trust others online easily.
( ) 4.Some online tools make communication creative.
( ) 5.Cathy is against people’s communicating online.
【答案】1.F 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.F
Ⅱ．匹配段落大意
请根据P15 Robert的文章匹配下面的各段大意
( )Para.1 A.Online relationship may not be what they appear to be.
( ) Para.2 B.The Internet harms friendships.
( ) Para.3 C.Talking online can’t replace face－to－face communication.
( ) Para.4 D.Friends should focus on face－to－face communication.
( ) Para.5 E.The Internet makes people self－centred.
【答案】Para.1—B Para.2—C Para.3—E Para.4—A Para.5—D
课堂新知讲练
1．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害
Paraphrase: damage or injury that is caused by a person or an event
(P14) Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships
【翻译】你认为网络对友谊有益还是有害？
(1)harm vt.& n．伤害，损害
do harm to sb.＝do sb.harm损害某人
(2)harmful adj.有害的；伤害的；能造成损害的
be harmful to…对……有害
harmful gas 有害气体
harmful effect 不良反应；有害效应
harmful substance 有害物质
harmfully adv.有害地；伤害地
harmfulness n．伤害；有害
【用法详解】
(3)harmless adj.无害的；无恶意的
harmless treatment 无害化处理
harmlessly adv.无害地；无恶意地
harmlessness n．无害；无害性；无恶意
As well known，smoking is harmful to health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
In my opinion, money can both benefit people and do harm to them.
在我看来，金钱既能造福人类，也能伤害他们。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The harm that gas does harm ________ humans in wars is great.
(2)It is ________ (harm) to your health to drink too much.
完成句子
(3)Do you think that work without rest will ________ ________ ________ your health
你认为只会工作不注意休息会对你的健康有害吗？
(4)There’s also evidence that suppressing anger can ________ ________ ________ the heart.
此外还有证据表明，抑制愤怒对心脏也是有害的。
(5)It’s hopeless trying to protect your child from the ________ ________ of television until the material improves.
在电视内容改进之前，想使你的孩子不受电视的有害影响是没用的。
【答案】(1)to (2)harmful (3)do harm to
(4)be harmful to (5)harmful effect
2．argument n．论点；论据
Paraphrase: a set of reasons that show something is true
(P14) Underline the general idea and the topic sentence for each argument.
【翻译】在每个论点的大意和主题句下划线。
(1)argument n．论点；论据
have an argument with sb.about sth.因为某事和某人争吵
(2)argue (with sb.) about/over/on sth.(与某人) 就某事展开争论
argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
【用法详解】
I argue my father out of smoking.
我说服我爸爸不吸烟。
I argue with my sister about buying books.
就买书一事我和姐姐展开了争论。
I have an argument with my parents about learning English.
我和父母关于英语学习之事有了一场争吵。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)She argued __________ her brother __________ their father’s vocation plan.
她和哥哥为父亲的假期安排争吵了起来。
(2)Finally I _______ my father ________ ______ smoking.
我终于说服父亲不吸烟了。
【答案】(1)with；about/over/on
(2)argued/persuaded；out of
3．replace vt.取代；接替
(P15) Firstly, talking online is no replacement for face－to－face contact—images really cannot replace a real－life smile or hug.
【翻译】首先，网上聊天并不能代替面对面的接触——图片真的不能代替现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。
(1)replace vt.取代；接替
replace A with B 用B代替A
(2)take one’s place取代某人；代替某人
take the place of sb.代替某人；取代某人
in place of sb.＝instead of sb.代替某人
【用法详解】
Who will take the place of Mr.Smith
谁将取代史密斯先生的位置呢？
I’ll replace the cup I have broken with a new one.
我将用一只新杯子赔偿被我打碎的那只。
No one could take her mother’s place in her mind.
没有人可以取代她母亲在她心目中的地位。
She decided to write a letter to him in place of calling him.
她决定给他写封信而不是打电话。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Can anything ________ a mother’s ________？
有什么东西能代替母爱吗？
(2)I replaced the broken windows ________ new ones.
我用新窗户来替换破了的窗户。
(3) ________ ________ ________ after reading.
报纸阅读后放回原处。
【答案】(1)replace; love (2)with (3)Replace the newspapers
4．concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力
(P15)According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
【翻译】据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯(Denise Daniels) 说，通过屏幕进行交流，让孩子们更难集中精力或对他人表示善意。
(1)concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力
concentrate on 集中注意力于；全神贯注于；专心于
(2)concentrated adj.集中的；全神贯注的；浓缩的
(3)concentration n．集中；集合；专心；浓度；浓缩
(4)能表示“集中注意力；专心”的短语还有：
focus one’s attention on专心于
hold one’s attention on将注意力集中于
【用法详解】
You should focus your attention on study.
你应该专心于学习。
Students should hold their attention on classes.
学生们应该将注意力集中于课堂。
Everyone concentrated their attention on listening to the teacher.
大家都集中注意力听老师讲课。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Concentrate more ________ your work, or you’ll be dismissed.
(2)Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of ____________ (concentrate)．
【答案】(1)on (2)concentration
5．compare vt.& vi.比较；对照
Paraphrase: to consider people or things, in order to show how they are similar or different
(P15)… though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships.
【翻译】……尽管我们知道，“赞”或追随者的数量无法与拥有长期有益的友谊相提并论。
【用法详解】
Life is compared to voyage.人生好比航海。
Compared with our small flat，Bill’s house seemed like a palace.
和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是宫殿。
The diamond that the queen was wearing was beyond compare.
女王佩戴者一颗独一无二的钻石。
The tallest building in Sydney are small in comparison with those in London.
悉尼最高的建筑物和伦敦的建筑楼一比就矮了。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)I ____________ the translation ____________ the original.
我把译文拿来和原文对照一番。
(2) ________ ________ her mother，she is tall.
和她妈妈比起来，她算是很高了。
【答案】(1)compared；with (2)Compared to/with
6．rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的
(P15)…though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long－term and rewarding friendships.
【翻译】……尽管我们知道，“喜欢”或追随者的数量无法与拥有长期有益的友谊相提并论。
【用法详解】
What’s the most rewarding thing
什么是最有意义的事呢？
He received a medal in reward for his bravery.
他获得一枚奖章做为对他勇敢的报答。
She received a cash bonus as a reward for her efforts.
她因自己所做的努力而得到一笔奖金。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We rewarded him ________ finding our lost dog.
(2)Winners will be rewarded ________ a trip to England.
(3)Everyone found the visit very ________ (reward)．
【答案】(1)for (2)with (3)rewarding
7．in addition 除此之外
(P15) In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.
【翻译】除此之外，社交媒体上发布的很多内容都很肤浅或琐碎。
(1)in addition除此之外
(2)与之同义的表达还有：
besides prep.除……之外还
moreover adv.而且；此外
in addition to sth.除……以外(还有)
【用法详解】
(3)add v．加；增加；添加；加起来；做加法
addition n．添加；加法；增加物
additional adj.附加的；额外的
additionally adv.此外；又；加之
He knows several foreign languages in addition to English.
除英语之外，他还懂好几门外语。
The teacher，in addition to his students, is interested in the book.
老师和他的学生都对这本书感兴趣。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)In addition __________ Chinese, I study English.
(2) __________ addition, I have read an English novel.
【答案】(1)to (2)In
8．focus vi.给予某物关注 n．焦点
(P15) In my opinion, friends should focus more on face－to－face communication, and less on online communication.
【翻译】在我看来，朋友们应该更多地关注面对面的交流，更少地关注在线交流。
focus vi.给予某物关注；n.焦点
focus on…集中于……
focus one’s attention/efforts/energy on…
集中注意力/努力/精力于……
focus one’s mind on…把心思集中于……
focus one’s eyes on…注视着……
【用法详解】
The course focuses on three main topics.
这门课程主要讨论三个主要话题。
You should focus your attention on your work.
你应该把注意力放到工作上。
She focused her mind on her lessons.
她把心思都集中在学习上。
Students focus their eyes on the blackboard.
学生们注视着黑板。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)We must ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (把所有的注意力集中到) the matter.
(2)He is ________ ________ (焦点) of everyone’s attention.
【答案】(1)focus all our attention on/upon (2)the focus
9．limiting adj.局限的，限制性的
Paraphrase: preventing any improvement or increase in something
(P16) Traditional ways of communicating, like letters and phone calls, can be limiting and take time.
【翻译】传统的沟通方式，如信件和电话，可能会受到限制，而且需要时间。
(1)limiting adj.局限的，限制性的
(2)limit n．限制；极限；界限 vt.限制；限定
to the limit到达极限
beyond/above/over the limit限度之外；超出限度
within/without limits在限度之内/外
limit…to… 把……限定于……的范围
(3)limited adj.有限的
(4)limitless adj.无限的
【用法详解】
We push you to the limit so you can feel alive again.
我们把你推至极限，让你找到重生的感觉。
We must limit ourselves to one cake each.
我们必须限定每人只吃一块蛋糕。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1) ________ your answer ________ 100 words.
把你的答案限制在一百个字以内。
(2)Our life is ________， but knowledge is ________.
生命有限，知识无涯。
【答案】(1)Limit; to (2)limited; limitless
1．(P21) While the Internet brings people close together, it can harm friendships.
【翻译】尽管互联网把人们联系在一起，但它会损害友谊。
【考点提炼】
在句中while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句， 表示“尽管；虽然”，常用于句首。
【归纳拓展】
while的其他用法：
while可作并列连词，表示对比关系，意为“而，然而”；
while可引导时间状语从句，表示“在……的时候/过程中”；
while可引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”，相当于as long as。
She drinks black coffee while I prefer it with cream.
她喜欢喝不加牛奶的咖啡而我喜欢加奶油的。
While the discussion was still going on, George came in.
当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。
While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱学生，可是对他们很严格。
We can surely overcome these difficulties while we are united.
只要我们团结一致，一定能克服这些困难。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1) ________ you have finished your work, you can go now.
只要你完成了工作，你现在可以走了。
(2) ________ ________ ________ ________ (尽管他学习很努力), he still failed in the final examination.
【答案】(1)While (2)While he worked hard
2．(P16) You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.
【翻译】无论你在哪里，做什么，你都可以和朋友保持联系。
【考点提炼】
此句为一个含有no matter where引导让步状语从句的复合句。此处的no matter where相当于wherever。
【归纳拓展】
no matter where只能引导让步状语从句；但wherever既可以引导让步状语从句又可以引导名词性从句。
类似的还有：no matter when/ what/ how＝whenever/whatever/ however
The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit，whatever the season is.
无论什么季节，这位律师除了一套西装以外很少穿其他衣服。
Whatever/No matter what you say this time，I can’t believe in you.
无论你这次说什么，我再也不会相信你了。
【针对练习】
句型转换
(1)No matter how late he is，his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
→ ________ ________ ________ ________， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
完成句子
(2) ________ ________ here will be punished.
无论是谁在这儿吸烟都要受惩罚。
【答案】(1)However late he is (2)Whoever smokes
语 音 时 空
1．名词＋名词：一般来讲，构成的词还是名词。如：website，homework，basketball。
2．名词＋动词： snowfall 下雪
3．名词＋动词－ing: handwriting 书法；书写
4．名词＋介词＋名词： daughter－in－law儿媳
5．动词－ing＋名词： waiting－room候车室
6．形容词＋名词： greenhouse温室
7．副词＋动词： income收入
8．介词＋名词： afternoon下午
9．过去分词＋副词：standby 备用品
5．horse－riding __________
6．son－in－law __________
7．highway __________
8．overcome __________
9．grown－up __________
【答案】1.飞机场 2.航线 3.飞机 4.飞机场 5.骑马 6.女婿 7.高速公路 8.克服，战胜 9.成年人
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1．He would never frighten anyone or cause them any ________ (伤害)．
2．There are strong ____________ (论点) for and against euthanasia(安乐死)．
3．Teachers will never be __________ (取代) by computers in the classroom.
4．They put their arms around each other and _____ (拥抱)．
5．I can’t _______ (集中注意力) with all that noise going on.
6．The president is deeply __________ (/k n's nd/) about this issue.
7．Teaching was a career which she found stimulating and ____________ (有意义的)．
8．They’ve just had an ________ (/ 'd n/) to the family.
【答案】1.harm 2.arguments 3.replaced
4．hugged 5.concentrate 6.concerned
7．rewarding 8.addition
二、单句语法填空
1．Fruit juices can be _________ (harm) to children’s teeth.
2．His __________ (argue) in favour of a new school are very persuasive.
3．I can’t concentrate ________ my study with all that noise going on.
4．She was ____________ (concern) that she might miss the turning and get lost.
5．In addition ________ the killed and wounded, many were missing.
6．There’s nothing more ________ (reward) than putting smiles on the faces around you.
7．________ the basis of evidence we deduced (推理) that he was guilty.
8．The discussion focused ________ three main problems.
【答案】1.harmful 2 arguments 3.on 4.concerned
5．to 6.rewarding 7.On 8.on
三、完成句子
1．Each exercise ________ ________ a different grammar point.
每个练习各有不同的语法重点。
2．Eli ________ his chocolate ________ the other kids.
伊莱把他的巧克力和其他孩子一起分着吃了。
3．You only need to ______ _______ _______ your safety.
你只需要关心你的安全。
4．They ________ ________ ________ ________ me.
他们似乎误解了我。
5．I can only __________ the experience ________ falling in love.
我只能把这段经历比作坠入爱河。
【答案】1.focuses on 2.shared; with
3．be concerned with
4．appear to have misunderstood 5.compare; to(共33张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Period Six Viewing Workshop—Check Your Progress
课前自主预习
1．digitise vt.__________________________________
2．sailor n．__________________________
3．accessible adj.__________________________
4．wristband n．__________________________
5．_____________ n．视野；风景
6．_____________ v．连接
7．_____________ v．设计
8．_____________ v．要求
把……转变成数字形式，使……数字化
水手，海员
易懂的；易得到的
腕带
sight
connect
design
require
1．be filled with __________________
2．keep track of __________________
3．take part in __________________
4．search for __________________
5．根据 __________________
6．被用来做某事 __________________
7．担忧，担心 __________________
充满
跟踪，追踪
参加
搜索，搜查
according to
be used to do sth.
worry about
课堂新知讲练
1．sight n．风景；名胜
(P21)Walking into the China Pavilion at Expo 2010 in Shanghai, people were amazed by the sight of a huge digital painting.
【翻译】走进2010年上海世博会中国馆，人们被一幅巨大的数码画所震撼。
sight n．风景；名胜
sight 常用复数形式，一般指人文景观
in sight看得到；在视力范围之内
lose one’s sight失明
catch sight of看见
out of sight看不见
at first sight初看时
at the sight of…一看见……(就……)
【用法详解】
The train is still in sight.火车仍在视线内。
They lost their sight.他们失去了视力。
I caught sight of him hurrying away.我瞥见他匆匆走了。
The train was soon out of sight.火车不久就看不见了。
I recognized her at first sight.我一眼就认出了她。
At the sight of the police officers, they ran off.
一看见那些警官，他们便逃跑了。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Although he ________ ________ ________ ________， he has never given up the hope of life.
尽管他双目失明，但是他从没放弃对生活的希望。
(2)I ________ ________ ________ an empty seat at the back of the bus.
我看到公共汽车后面有一个空位。
(3)I stood there until they ________ ________ ________ ________.
我站在那儿，直到看不见他们。
【答案】(1)has lost his sight (2)caught sight of
(3)were out of sight
2．accessible adj.易懂的；易得到的
(P21) It also makes the art accessible to the world while protecting the original artworks for the future.
【翻译】它也使艺术走向世界，同时为未来保护原始艺术作品。
accessible adj.易懂的；易得到的
be accessible to sb.容易为……理解的；容易为……接近的
give (sb.) access to接见；准许(某人) 使用
get/have access to得以接近/进入/使用
【用法详解】
It is said that the documents are not accessible to the public.
据说公众无法看到这些文件。
Every student has free access to the library.
每个学生都可以自由进入该图书馆。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The magazine makes complex (复杂的) ideas attractive and accessible __________ children.
(2)Her book made scientific knowledge about the sea __________ (access) to the general reader.
【答案】(1)to (2)accessible
3．connect vt.& vi.连接；联系；关联
(P24) In 1983 there were only 200 computers connected to the Internet.
【翻译】1983年，只有200台电脑联网。
【用法详解】
Please connect me to Room 202.请接202房。
Good health is connected with diet.
健康与饮食是相关联的。
Tell me all you know in connection with that matter.
把你知道的关于那件事的所有情况都告诉我。
Hope I can make a connection with you by QQ.
希望我和你通过QQ联系。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)The job _______________ (与……有关) the environment.
(2)You can ________ this wire ________ (把……和……连接起来) that one.
(3)I’m writing to you ________________(与……有关) your job application.
【答案】(1)is connected with/has a connection with
(2)connect；to/with (3)in connection with
4．design vt.设计；计划
(P24)…but some students design avatars in their own ________.
【翻译】……但有些学生根据自己的______设计头像。
(1)design vt.设计；计划
be designed to do目的是
be designed for…专为……设计
be designed as被设计成
(2)by design故意地
【用法详解】
The room was designed as my study.
这个房间设计为我的书房。
He lost the game by design.
他故意输掉了比赛。
The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work.
这项计划的目的是为失业者提供帮助。
The method is specially designed for use in small groups.
这个方法是专为小组活动设计的。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)This book which is designed ________ (help) children read turns out to be a success.
(2)Do you think that he didn’t turn up by accident or ________ design
【答案】(1)to help (2)by
5．require vt.要求；需要
Paraphrase: to need something; to depend on somebody or something
(P25)What students dislike is that in order to use apps these days, they are often required to ________ an account and ________ personal information.
【翻译】学生们不喜欢的是，现在为了使用应用程序，他们常常需要______一个账户并______个人信息。
require vt.要求；需要
require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事
sth.require doing/to be done某事/物需要被做
require that sb.(should) do sth.要求(某人) 做某事
【用法详解】
This suggestion will require careful thought.
这个建议需要好好思考。
Your bike requires repairing (＝to be repaired)．
你的自行车需要修了。
The conductor requires all the passengers to show their tickets.
售票员要求所有乘客出示他们的票。
The teacher requires that we (should) read English every morning.
老师要求我们每天早晨读英语。
※【拓展提升】
require及requirement后所接的从句中常使用虚拟语气，其谓语动词常用“(should＋) 动词原形”。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)These trees are so young that they require ________ (look) after carefully.
(2)The situation required that we __________ (make) an immediate decision.
【答案】(1)looking/to be looked (2)(should) make
随堂知能小练
一、单句语法填空
1．She bought device to ________ (digital) the data.
2．The captain commended the __________ (sail) for his bravery.
3．I wonder whether you could send me __________ (detail) about health insurance.
4．The crowd cheered wildly at the sight __________ the great scientist.
5．Remember，making people smile is a useful way ________ makes you happy.
【答案】1.digitise 2.sailor 3.details 4.of 5.that
二、完成句子
1．In 1983, there were only 200 computers ________ ________ the Internet.
1983年，只有200台计算机连接到因特网上。
2．These flowers are well ________ ________ the harsh winter.
这些花卉特别适应冬天的严寒气候。
3．A tiny tool enables owners ________ ________ ________ ________ the suitcase’s location.
一个小小的工具可以让主人随时掌握手提箱的位置。
4．We should ________ ________ ________ combining listening with speaking in learning spoken English.
在学习英语口语的时候，我们应该注意把听、说结合起来。
5．He doesn’t think that the house is ________ ________.
他认为那座房子不值得买。
【答案】1.connected to 2.adapted to
3．to keep track of 4.pay attention to 5.worth buying(共107张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Period Two Lesson 1
课前自主预习
1．image n.______________
2．fancy adj.________________
3．trick vt.__________________
4．identity n.________________
5．variety n.________________
图像；形象
花哨的；别致的
欺骗，诱骗，哄骗
身份；特征
多样化，变化
6．instant adj.________________________
7．sex n.__________
8．sensible adj.____________
9．creativity n.____________
10．blog n.____________
vt.____________
即时的；立刻的，马上的
性别
朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
创造力；独创性
博客；网络日志；
发表博客
11．____________ adv.显而易见地，明显地
12．____________ vi.做实验，进行试验 n．实验
13．____________ adv.现今，现时
14．____________ n．发型，发式
15．____________ n．供选择的同类物品；选择
obviously
experiment
nowadays
hairstyle
selection
16．____________ v．打；打字 n．类型；种类
17．__________ n．担忧，忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心
18．____________ adj.虚拟的；模拟的
19．____________ vt.欺骗；欺诈
20．____________ vt.看，把……视为
type
concern
virtual
cheat
view
1．a variety of ________________
2．instead of ________________
3．more than one ________________
4．have fun ________________
5．experiment with… ________________
6．move around ________________
7．look forward to ________________
各种各样的
而不是
不止一个
玩得开心
用……做实验
四处走动
盼望
8．即时通讯 ________________
9．……的重要一部分 ________________
10．表达自己 ________________
11．有能力做某事 ____________________
12．一点也不…… ________________
13．以更加积极的眼光 ____________________
instant messenger
a key part of …
express oneself
have the power to do sth.
not…at all
in a more positive light
1. ______________________ creating their own avatars, they discovered that… (when引导时间状语从句)
人们开始创设自己的虚拟形象时，他们发现……
2. Some users worry that they are spending _______________ in vital worlds ________ they are becoming afraid of … (so…that引导结果状语从句)
一些用户担心他们在虚拟世界中花费太多时间，以至于开始害怕……
When people started
so much time
that
3.The use of several avatars can also be a risk, _____________________ avatars to cheat others online.(as引导原因状语从句)
使用多个虚拟形象也可能会带来风险，因为有人可能会在网上使用虚拟形象来欺骗他人。
as people can use
Ⅰ．阅读理解
( )1.Where did the first avatar appear
A．In web chats.
B．In online shopping.
C．In role－play computer games.
D．In blogs.
( )2.Why do people want to have multiple avatars
A．To wear more fancy clothes.
B．To be someone of opposite sex.
C．To be called by a different name.
D．To be seen by different people.
( )3.Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．Avatars have nothing to do with your own personality.
B．A picture of cute cat as an avatar says “I like relaxing and having fun”．
C．People tend to choose a better－looking avatar.
D．Avatar sometimes says about what people want to be.
( )4.Which of the following best explains “avatars are everywhere”？
A．Avatars are used in real world.
B．Avatars are used by everyone.
C．Avatars have a wide variety and uses.
D．Avatars can do everything.
( )5.What is one of the concerns about avatars
A．Avatars are of wide uses.
B．Avatars could be used to cheat others online.
C．People create their own avatars.
D．People have multiple avatars.
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B
Ⅱ．判断正误
( )1.The first 2D avatars appeared in role－playing computer games in the 1980s.
( )2.People only can create identities that are similar to their real life.
( )3.Internet users can use only one avatar.
( )4.People tend to make their avatars look better than they do in real life.
( )5.The use of several avatars can also cause risks.
【答案】1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T
Ⅲ．匹配段落大意
( )1.Paras.1—2 A．Avatars say a lot of your
personality.
( )2.Para.3 B．Avatars are everywhere.
( )3.Para.4 C．Avatars give people lots
of room for creativity.
( )4.Para.5 D．The introduction to avatars.
( )5.Para.6 E．Avatars cause a lot of trouble.
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.E
课堂新知讲练
1．variety n．多样化，变化
(P9)Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses.
【翻译】然而，很少有人知道未来的虚拟化身会有如此广泛的形式和用途。
variety n．多样化，变化
(1)a variety of / varieties of各种各样的
the variety of… ……的种类
【用法详解】
(2)vary vt.& vi.使不同，变化
vary from不同于
vary from…to… 从……到……不等
vary in 在某方面不同
vary with…随……变化而变化
(3)various adj.各种各样的
Gestures vary slightly from country to country.
不同国家的手势略有不同。
The author gave various reasons for having written the book.
作者给出了写这本书的各种理由。
You can use a variety of different foods to help you make a face.
你可以用许多不同的食品来帮你做脸谱。
Generally speaking，prices of fruit and vegetables vary with the season.
一般来说，水果和蔬菜的价格，通常随季节而变化。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Life is always ________ ________ ________.
生活总是富于变化。
(2)Strong bones depend on ________ ________ ________ diet and lifestyle factors.
强健的骨骼依赖于多种饮食和生活方式因素。
(3)The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages ________ ________ 10 ________ 15.
这个研究小组是由年龄从十岁到十五岁不等的学生组成的。
(4)________ ________ ________ people on the site was astonishing.
这个网站上的人的多样化让人吃惊。
(5)He planted ________ ________ flowers in the garden. Every day he watered them with the water from his well.
他在花园里种植各种各样的花，每天都用自己的井水来浇灌它们。
(6)I think there will be some embarrassing data and it ________ ________ ________ country to country.
我认为将来会出现一些尴尬的数据，而这将会根据每个国家而不同。
【答案】(1)full of variety (2)a variety of
(3)vary from; to (4)The variety of (5)varieties of
(6)will vary from
2．sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
Paraphrase: reasonable, practical, and showing good judgment
(P9)When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work…
【翻译】当互联网用户意识到他们的头像会被很多人看到，而不仅仅是他们的朋友时，他们开始拥有多个头像：一个适合工作的头像……
(1)sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
be sensible of 察觉；意识到；了解
(2)sense n．感觉；常识；意义 vt.感觉到；了解
see sense 明白事理
make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通；符合情理
make sense of … 弄懂……的意思
common sense 常识
【用法详解】
Our senses are very important in our daily lives.
我们的感觉在日常生活中非常重要。
The driver sensed danger and stopped the train.
司机意识到危险，停下了火车。
Your story doesn’t make sense to me.
你的故事我听不明白。
Can you make sense of what he said just now
你能听懂他刚才说的话吗？
I hope she soon sees sense and stops fighting a battle she cannot win.
我希望她能很快明白过来，别再打这场不能获胜的仗了。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)In this dictionary the different __________ (sense)of a word are marked by numbers.
(2)It is __________ (sense)to save money while you can.
完成句子
(3)She probably ________ ________ I wasn’t telling her the whole story.
她很可能觉察到我没有告诉她全部真相。
(4)He looks about him, ________ ________ .
他环顾四周，觉察到了危险。
【答案】(1)senses (2)sensible (3)sensed that (4)sensing danger
3．selection n．供选择的同类物品；选择
(P9)In most web chats, people choose an avatar from a selection of ready－made images, or create their own images.
【翻译】在大多数网络聊天中，人们从一组现成的图片中选择一个头像，或者创建自己的头像。
(1)selection n．供选择的同类物品；选择
(2)select vt.选择
select…from… 从……中选择……
select…for… 为……挑选……
select…as… 选……当……
【用法详解】
He selected a pair of socks to match his suit.
他挑了一双袜子来配他的衣服。
We select him as our football coach.
我们选他作为我们的足球教练。
You can select your favourite book from these.
你可以从这些书中选一本你最喜爱的。
We first select poems that we love, and then read them aloud.
首先选我们喜欢的诗，然后就大声地朗读它们。
【易混辨析】
select/choose
select 指经过仔细考虑或使用各种衡量手段，从许多同类东西中认真地进行选择
choose 是普通用语，指用自己的判断能力选择
【针对练习】
选词填空：select, choose
(1)I’m thinking of ________ some short stories for your outside reading.
(2)In ________ friends, we should take great care.
介词填空
(3)We have over 30 beautiful designs to select ________.
(4)Who do you want to select ________ your director
【答案】(1)selecting (2)choosing (3)from (4)as
4．concern n．担忧，忧虑
vt.使担心；与……有关
(P9)The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.
【翻译】虚拟化身的使用也引起了一些关注。
【用法详解】
I’m concerned for her safety.
他挂念着她的安全。
He didn’t concern himself with the details.
他对细节不感兴趣。
It concerns me that you no longer seem to care.
你似乎不再在乎，这让我担忧。
King Henry Ⅶ was a poet who showed great concern for languages.
亨利七世国王是一位诗人，非常关心语言。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
This novel was concerned __________ the Second World War, while most teenagers are more concerned __________ the hero’s love story.
【答案】with；for/about
5．view v．看，把……视为
Paraphrase: to look at something; to think about something or someone in a particular way
(P9)However, other users view avatars in a more positive light.
【翻译】然而，其他用户则以更积极的角度看待虚拟形象。
(1)view v．看，把……视为
be viewed as被视为
(2)view 还可用作名词，意为：景色；观点；视野
in one’s view在某人看来
in view of sth.鉴于；考虑到
come into view进入视野
【用法详解】
In her view, it is easy to learn English.
在她看来，英语很容易学。
In view of the weather we will cancel the outing.
考虑到天气的因素，我们要取消远足。
Take a night train to Fenghuang Town to view a traditional way of life.
乘坐夜班火车去凤凰城观看传统的生活方式。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1) ________ ________ ________ (依我的观点)，the country needs a change of government.
(2)Suddenly, the temple ________ ________ ________ (映入眼帘)．
(3)We always try out best to meet your requirements ________ ________ ________ our long relations.
鉴于我们长期的贸易关系，我们总是尽力满足你们的要求。
(4)________ ________ ________ our relationship, we would offer you a discount of 5%.
考虑到双方的关系，我们愿给予5%的折扣。
【答案】(1)In my view (2)came into view
(3)in view of (4)In view of
6．look forward to 期盼；盼望
(P9)They look forward to a time when their avatars will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds.
【翻译】他们期待着有一天，他们的虚拟化身会像一个真实的人一样，在更大、更令人兴奋的虚拟世界中旅行。
look forward to期盼；盼望
put forward 推荐；将某事提前；提出某事供讨论
look out当心；注意
look through浏览
look up and down上下打量
look down upon瞧不起
【用法详解】
We are all looking forward to our holiday.
我们都盼望着假期。
The teacher is putting forward some suggestions for the plan.
老师正在为这项计划提出一些建议。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)I am ________ ________ ________ ________ your improvement.
我盼望看到你们的进步。
(2) ________ ________ ! There is a big stone.
当心！那里有一块大石头。
【答案】(1)looking forward to seeing (2)Look out
7．agree with 同意
(P10)Do you agree with the writer
【翻译】你同意作者的观点吗？
(1)agree with同意
(2)disagree with sb.on/about sth.在某事上与某人意见不同
sth.disagree with sb.(气候、食物等)使某人身体不适
disagree with sth./doing sth.反对；不赞成
【用法详解】
I wholly agree with you.
我完全同意你的话。
While I understand your viewpoint，I don’t agree with you.
虽然我明白你的见解，但我还是不能同意。
I disagree with violent protests.
我反对暴力抗议。
What he said disagreed with what he did.
他言行不一。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)I can’t ________ ________ you more.
我非常同意你的观点。
(2)Seafood always ________ ________ me.
我吃海鲜总是感到不舒服。
【答案】(1)agree with (2)disagrees with
※8.prevent v．阻止
Paraphrase: to stop something from happening, or stop someone from doing something
(P10)What can you do to prevent such risks
【翻译】你能做些什么来预防这种风险？
prevent v．阻止
prevent…from doing sth.
阻止……做某事；不让……做某事
stop…from doing sth.阻止……做某事
同义短语还有：
keep…from doing sth.阻止……做某事
【用法详解】
The man has a disease, which prevents him from speaking.
这个人得了一种病，使得他不能讲话了。
Her sudden arrival prevented/stopped/kept him from going out.
她的突然到来使他不能外出了。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Who prevents their plans from __________ (carry)out
(2)You should wear masks to prevent novel coronavirus __________ affecting your body.
【答案】(1)being carried (2)from
1．(P9)When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.
【翻译】人们开始创设自己的虚拟形象时，他们发现，他们将有能力创设行为或动作根本不像他们自己的崭新形象。
【考点提炼】
该句子中When people started creating their own avatars为when引导的时间状语从句。
值得一提的是，这是一个复合句。主句的主谓结构分别为they和 discovered，第一个that引导的是宾语从句，而在这个宾语从句中，又包含一个由that 引导的定语从句that did not look or act like their real selves at all，修饰名词短语new identities。
【归纳拓展】
when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先于主句的动作发生。当表示两个动作同时发生时，when可与as, while互换。
●while引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词用延续性动词，表示主句的动作在从句的动作过程中发生。
●as引导时间状语从句时，强调从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，可译为“……时”；“一边……一边……，随着”。
Things were different when I was a child.
我小时候情况与现在不同。
I went swimming while the others played tennis.
我去游泳，其余的人都打网球去了。
He dropped the glass as he stood up.
他站起来时，把杯子摔了。
※【温馨提示】如果主句用一般将来时，时间状语从句通常用一般现在时表示将来，即遵循“主将从现”原则。
【针对练习】
选词填空(while; as; when，每词限用一次)
(1) ________ I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
(2)Please don’t talk so loud ________ others are working.
(3)________ time goes on, it’s getting warmer and warmer.
【答案】(1)When (2)while (3)As
2．(P9)Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of …
【翻译】一些用户担心它们在虚拟世界中花费太多时间，以至于开始害怕……
【考点提炼】该句子中so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
【归纳拓展】
【巧学助记】
so/such…that…句型中so与such的选用规则如下：
名前such，形副so；
多多少少(many/much/few/little)也用so；
little一词特殊记，“小”用such，“少”用so。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)There was ________ ________ ________ to do that everybody got bored.
有这么多的事要做以至于人人都感到厌烦了。
(2)They are ________ ________ ________ ________ we all love them.
这些孩子如此好，我们都很喜欢他们。
【答案】(1)so much work (2)such good children that
课文读练专训
一、表格填写
Avatars Details
Defination A digital image that represents 1.______________.
History 1980s The first simple 2D avatars 2.________ in role－playing computer games.
Late 1990s used in web 3.________ like instant message.
Avatars Details
Purposes of using avatars To express
oneself Let you 4.______________ and they give you lots of room for creativity.
To represent
oneself They experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot，perhaps, about what they want to
5.______________.
Views Negative Becoming afraid of 6.______ people in the real world.
Positive Others view avatars in a 7.________ light.
【答案】1.an Internet user 2.appeared 3.chats
4．express yourself 5.look like 6.meeting
7．more positive
二、课文语法填空
Avatars are digital identities 1.________ (use)online for communication and self－expression.Avatars leave room for 2.________ (create)．People can create avatars that don’t look or act 3.________ their real selves at all, even with the opposite sex. 4.________ (communicate)with different people online, multiple avatars can be employed.Avatars also reflect part of real personalities and tend to be better－looking 5.________ those in real life.
In online world, avatars can conduct activities like people in real world.Avatars have a wide 6.________ (vary)of forms and uses, 7.________ (arise)some concerns along with positive expectation.Some worry about being 8.________ (isolate) from other people in real world, another worry is the risk 9.________ using avatars to cheat others.Oppositely, others look forward to an 10.________ (extend)application of avatars.
【答案】1.used 2.creativity 3.like
4．To communicate 5.than 6.variety 7.arising
8．isolated 9.of 10.extended
三、写作
根据课文内容，写一篇有关Avatars 80词左右的报道。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Avatars are digital identities used online for communication and self－expression.Avatars allow creativity.People can create avatars that are nothing like real selves，even with the opposite sex. Avatars also reflect part of real personalities and tend to be better－looking than those in real life.The wide variety of forms and uses of avatars arose some concerns along with positive expectation. They look formard to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds.
突 破 语 法
5．I didn’t know how to do it.What would be their ideas
6．Were they going to finish the work before the next day
7．They were not going to go hiking unless they finished their homework.
【我的领悟】
这些句子中都包含would＋ ______________，was/were going＋ ____________ 结构，表示从过去的某一时间来看 __________ 的动作。
Keys: 动词原形；动词原形；将要发生
二、构成
would/should＋动词原形
was/were going to＋动词原形
The time was not far－off when he would regret his decision.
不久后他就会后悔做出这个决定了。
I didn’t expect that you would have any objection to it.
我没料到你们会持反对意见。
三、用法
1．表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事，常用于间接引语(或宾语从句)中
He told me that he would take an important exam next week.
他告诉我他下周将参加一场重要的考试。
I wondered when we should leave for Beijing.
我想要知道我们什么时候动身去北京。
2．表示非真实的动作或状态
I wish you would never give away the secret.
我希望你永远不要泄露这个秘密。
If it should rain tomorrow，we would put off the sports meeting.
如果明天下雨的话，我们将推迟运动会。
四、过去将来时的其他构成和用法
1．was/were going to表示过去将要发生的动作
He said he was going to buy a new bike.
他说过他打算买辆新的自行车。
2．was/were to do 指按过去的计划、安排将在某个过去将来时间发生的动作或存在的状态，如果表示过去将来的计划或安排后来被取消了，没有实现，则用was/were to have done形式。
She told me she was to plant some trees in the yard.
她告诉过我她要在院子里种一些树。
He was to have left at 7：00 a．m.the following day，but it suddenly snowed heavily.
他原本想在第二天早上7点离开的，但是那天却突降暴雪。
3．was/were about to do表示即将要发生的动作，不和表示时间的任何状语连用。
The bus was about to start.
公共汽车要开了。
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
我刚要出去，这时电话响了。
4．was/were doing仅用于某些表示位置转移的动词或词组，如：come，go，arrive，take off，meet，leave等。这种结构表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。
I didn’t know when they were coming again.
我不知道他们什么时候再来。
He said he was leaving tomorrow.
他说他明天将会离开。
4．He promised that he ________ (join)us in the party，but he hasn’t turned up until now.
5．— What about going shopping tomorrow afternoon
— Sorry.I ________ (take)a yoga class then.
6．Our car ________ (go)at the present speed until it reaches Qingdao at about nine o’clock tonight.
7．He was sixty－eight.In two years he ________ (be) seventy.
8．Mother promised that she ________ (take)me to Beijing the next year.
【答案】1．would 2.were leaving/would leave
3．would be held 4.would join 5.will be taking
6．will be going 7.would be 8.would take
二、单句改错
1．I didn’t expect that so many people offer their help.
_______________________________________________
2．—Have you completed the project
—I’m sorry to tell you that we gave it up when we found how much it cost.
_______________________________________________
3．I was told that the press conference would to be held the next day.
_______________________________________________
4．We are about to go there when it began to rain.
_______________________________________________
5．She hoped that they will meet again someday.
_______________________________________________
6．He said he was meet his friend at the station at 4 p．m.
_______________________________________________
7．I had just put on my overcoat and left to visit a friend of mine.
_______________________________________________
8．He expected it would very hot, dry and dusty there.
_______________________________________________
【答案】1.offer前加would 2.cost前加would
3．去掉to 4.are→were 5.will→would
6．was后加to 7.left→was leaving 8.would后加be
三、选词填空
be going to, be to, be about to
1．It seemed as if it ____________ rain.
2．Although she was ill，she said she ____________ be seen in the lab the next day.
3．The coach ____________ give up the game when the captain scored a goal.
4．She felt nervous because she ____________ leave home soon for the first time.
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1．His public __________ (/' m d /) is very different from the real person.
2．It was packaged in a ________ (花哨的) plastic case with attractive graphics.
3．I’d been ________ (欺骗) and I felt stupid.
4．Their ________ (身份) were kept secret.
5．There are different ________ (种类) of plants in the garden.
6．The show, despite some rough edges, was an ________ (立刻的) success.
7．How can you tell what ________ (性别) a fish is
8．His advice was always __________ (/'sens bl/) and his energy unbounded.
【答案】1.image 2.fancy
3．tricked/cheated 4.identities
5．varieties 6.instant 7.sex 8.sensible
二、单句语法填空
1．The waters are also home to a huge ________ (various) of coral and fish.
2．One common trick on April Fool’s Day is pointing down to a friend’s shoe and saying，“Your shoelace is ________ (untie)．”
3．Below is a ________ (select) about some Guinness(吉尼斯)World Records.
4．He paid back the money he owed us ________ (instant) he returned home.
5．At present，COVID－19 ________ (result) in more than thousands of persons’ death in the world.
6．Are you ________ (sense)of the danger of your position
【答案】1.variety 2.untied 3.selection 4.instantly
5．has resulted 6.sensible
三、完成句子
1．There was ________ ________ ________ left ________ we could hardly finish the work.
剩下的时间太少了，我们很难完成这项工作。
2．They set off at 9 a．m.and ________ ________ the airport an hour later.
他们上午9点出发，一小时后到达机场。
3．I was ________ ________ ________， but then it rained.
我本打算离开，但后来下雨了。
4．There seems to be ________ ________ ________ languages with pet names.
宠物的名字似乎有各种各样的语言。
5．No one knew when they ________ ________ to announce the results to us.
没人知道他们什么时候会向我们宣布结果。
【答案】1.so little time; that 2.would reach
3．going to leave 4.a variety of 5.were going
