北师大版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 被动语态 The Passive课件(21张ppt）

(共21张PPT)
Focus on Language
The Passive
Celebrations
Unit 3
Spring Festival __ highly ______ (value) by every Chinese family.
First, the house ___________ (clean) from top to bottom.
Next, the Chinese character Fu _____________ (attach) upside down to our front door.
It _________ (believe) that when Fu ______ (put) upside down, happiness arrives.
Fireworks ________________ (let off) across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky.
Every year, the moment I get on the train, I ____________ (surround) by Shanxi accents …
The tickets or flights __________________ (book) as early as possible.
is valued
was cleaned
was attached
is believed
is put
were being let off
am surrounded
go
Ready
have to be booked
Fill in the blanks.
The Passive
Focus on
基本用法
1. 概念
2. 用法
3. 结构
4. 注意
被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。
Many people speak English.
动作执行者
动作
动作接受者
动作执行者
动作
动作接受者
English is spoken by many people.
Active
Passive
We use the passive in the following cases:
Situation 1: We don't know or don't need to know who performed the action (不知道也不需要知道谁做的这件事):
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down …
Situation 2: The “doer” is obvious (“动作执行者”显而易见) :
The house was cleaned from top to bottom.
Situation 3: The action itself is more important than “doer”, or we don't want to tell who performed the action (动作本身比“动作执行者”更重要，或不想说出谁做的这件事):
The spirit of the festival — the spirit of family — has largely been kept.
Situation 4: In writing, especially in scientific and technical reports and newspaper articles, the passive is more formal than the active (在书面语中，特别是在科技报告和新闻报道中，被动语态比主动语态更正式):
① Every country was allowed to design their own Euro coins which could be used in any of the participating countries.
② The International Space Station has been built in the Earth's orbit.
被动语态的结构
The house was cleaned from top to bottom.
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
The spirit of the festival – the spirit of family – has largely been kept.
谓语动词 be (not) + past participle
1. Teenagers should be allowed to go shopping.
2. Tables can be made of stones.
3. Train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.
含情态动词的被动语态：
情态动词should/can/must… + be + past participle
主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例，列表如下：
一般现在时： am / is / are + given
一般过去时： was / were +given
一般将来时： shall / will +be+ given
现在进行时： am / is / are + being + given
现在完成时： have / has + been + given
过去完成时： had + been + given
过去进行时： was / were + being + given
过去将来时： should / would +be+ given
［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
各时态中被动语态的构成
1. 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）:
appear, die, disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, take place, break out, come out, come about ...
① The price has been risen. （ ）
② The price has risen. （ ）
① The accident was happened last week. （ ）
② The accident happened last week. （ ）
T
F
F
T
2. 系动词无被动语态（“keep”除外）：
appear, become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn ...
① It sounds good. （ ）
② It is sounded good. ( )
T
F
3. 有些动词常跟相关副词连用，以主动形式表被动含义：
lock (锁), wash (洗), sell (卖), read (读), wear (穿), blame (责备), ride (乘坐), write (写) ...
① Glass breaks easily.
② The car rides smoothly.
③ The book sells well.
4.动名词主动形式表示被动意义：
在need, require, want(需要)等动词后，表示某物(人)要进行……处理时，后接动名词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动式。例如：
be worth 后接动名词的主动式表示被动意义
This sentence needs improving.
　His suggestion is not worth considering.
5. 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态：
It is said that …
It is reported that …
It is hoped that …
It is well known that …
It is believed that …
It must be pointed out that …
① It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.
② It is well known that China is a great country with a long history.
6. 注意区别被动语态与系表结构：
被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承受者，V-ed表示动作；而系表结构表示状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。
① The long novel was written by Mr. Lu Xun in the 1920s.
② The long novel is well written, isn't it
③ The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.
④ Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it
被动语态
被动语态
系表结构
系表结构
注: 另附word文档，点此链接
Ⅰ: Fill in the blanks with the right form of
the words given.
1. I __________ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday.
2. English __________ (find) very useful.
3. The flowers _______________ (water) by them now.
4. The railway ____ already _________ (build).
5. Rice ________ (grow) in the south of the States.
was given
is found
are being watered
has
been built
is grown
Ⅱ: Translation.
禁止吸烟。
_______________________
2. The house _______________ (正在上油漆).
3. The flames _____________ (能看到) several miles away.
4. 昨天，乔治被选为班长而非亨利。
John __________ president of the class instead of Harry yesterday.
5. 核能已被我们用来发电。
Nuclear energy _______________________ _________ by us.
6. 到去年年底他们已建造了三艘船。
By last December three ships _____________ ________.
Smoking is not permitted.
is being painted
could be seen
was elected
has been used to produce
electricity
had been built
by them
Ⅲ: Complete this radio news report using the
passive form of the verbs in brackets.
Good afternoon. The lunch-time news today
(1) ___________ (report) by John Howard. The Prime Minister has visited a primary school in Ipswich where he (2) _____________ (welcome) by the children and their teachers. He opened a new sports centre that (3) ____________ (build) with money raised by the parents and teachers. Half of the money (4) ______________ (spend) on building the playground. Another ￡20,000 (5) _________ (need) to finish the swimming pool so more money raising activities (6) _______________ (organise) in the following months.
is reported
was welcomed
is being built
is needed
will be organised
has been spent
实战高考
And in Karakalpakstan, he ____________ (sadden) by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea. (2020全国卷I)
In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually _______ (invite) into a lab to ostensibly (表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership. (2020全国卷I)
Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can ____________ (prevent) in a clever way. (2020天津卷)
is saddened
invited
be prevented
If a popular magazine you want __________ (not offer) and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest _______ (show). (2020天津卷)
The findings were _________ (publish) in the journal Development Science. (2020全国卷Ⅱ)
The technology, Strano said, could one day ________ (use) to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. (2020全国卷I)
isn't offered
is shown
published
be used
1. Review the grammar we've learnt today.
2. Finish the exercises in Learning English.