2023届高考英语二轮复习 形容词和副词学案（含答案）

导学案一
Ivan chen
学习目标： 1. 形容词和副词的基本用法2.形容词和副词比较级及最高级的形式变化规则
学习难点： 1. 区分何时使用形容词，何时使用副词。2.牢记形容词变副词的规则
3. 牢记形容词和副词比较级及最高级的形式变化规则
课前自测：
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ___63___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
(2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）The Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV.
3.(2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
4.(2022年全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental protection. Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
5.(2022年全国甲卷)In the last five years. Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.
6.(2022年全国乙卷)“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry
【答案】1. eventually 2.asleep 3.accidentally 4. meaningful 5.highest 6.largest
1.(2021·新高考I卷）It will________ （undoubted) help you get refreshed!
2.(2021·新高考I卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the________（hot) the spring!
3.(2021·全国乙卷）Provide________（finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
4.(2021·浙江高考）When the house was built, it was much________（small) than it is today.
5.(2021·全国甲卷）In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust________（much).
6.(2021·全国乙卷）What's more, doing housework can be a form of________（mentally) relaxation from study.
1.undoubtedly 2.hotter 3.financial 4.smaller 5.most 6.mental
1.(2020新高考Ⅰ,36)Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 　　　(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 　
2.(2020课标全国Ⅰ,62)Landing on the moon’s far side is　　　(extreme) challenging. 　
3.(2020课标全国Ⅱ,66) 　　　(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. 　
4.(2020课标全国Ⅲ,62)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 　　　(fine) work, so that he could choose the best. 　
5.(2020课标全国Ⅲ,68)As the small boat moved 　　　(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
答案：1.wealthy 2.extremely 3.Certainly 4.finest 5.gently
1. [2018·全国卷Ⅰ] According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years_____________(long) than non-runners.
2.[2018·全国卷Ⅰ] Running is cheap, easy and it's always _______________(energy).
3. [2018·全国卷Ⅱ] A taste for meat is_____________(actual) behind the change: an important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
4. [2018·全国卷Ⅲ] I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel___________(challenge).
5. [2018·全国卷Ⅲ] That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears.
He screams the____________(loud) of all.
6. There's no______________(great) happiness than that of succeeding in one's career.
7. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) However, be ________ (care) not to go to extremes.
8. (2017全国Ⅱ卷) The Central London Railway was one of the most __________ (success) of these new lines…
答案：1. longer 2. energetic 3. actually 4.challenged 5. loudest 6.greater 7. careful 8.successful
II、单句改错
1.( 2018全国Ⅰ卷) I felt happily that their life had improved.
2. ( 2018全国Ⅲ卷) Immediate, I raised my hand.
3. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.
4. (2017全国Ⅲ卷) I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes…
5. (2014全国Ⅱ卷)The teachers here are kind and helpfully.
答案: 1. happily - happy 2.Immediate - Immediately 3.suddenly - sudden 4. difference - different 5. helpfully - helpful
考点一：形容词的用法
形容词：形容词是用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质状态或特征的词。
1. 作定语，修饰名词或代词。
He is a clever boy.
Would you give me a bigger one
2. 作表语，放在系动词后面。
The boy is clever.
They look fine.
3. 作宾语补足语。
Listening to the song made her mother very sad.
形容词作定语的位置:形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在被修饰词的前面，但在下列情况下要放在被修饰词的后面。
(1)．一些以a开头的形容词如：afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive 等作定语时，位于所修饰词后面。如：He caught the enemy soldier alive.
(2). 修饰由不定代词no、any、some、every与thing、body、one等构成的复合词时，通常后置。如：
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事相告。
(3). 英语中多个形容词先后次序一般为：
限定词（冠词、指示代词、形容词性的物主代词、名词所有格、序数词、基数词）→描绘性形容词（观点形容词）→大小、形状→颜色→来源、材料、用途→被修饰名词。
考点二：副词的用法
副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间，地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。
adv. 作状语
The boy swims well.(修饰动词)
The room is quite small and dark.（修饰形容词）
He worked out the problem very easily.（修饰副词）
Fortunately, he got on that train.
目标检测一：用所给词的适当形式填空
She always looks ___________ .(beautifully）
She is always dressed ____________ (beautiful)
He has got a ___________(seriously) illness.
He is ______________（serious）ill.
This soldier was ________(bad) wounded.
This painting is of ________ (greatly) value.
The apple tastes _____ (well).
Your answer sounds _____ (correctly)
At the meeting, they kept ____ (silently) all the time.
They all looked _____(sad) at the master and felt quite _____ (sadly).
________(final), I want to say that overcoming all these difficulties needs perseverance.
答案：1. beautiful 2.beautifully 3. serious 4.seriously 5. badly 6. great 7.good 8.correct 9. silent 10.sadly , sad 11.Finally
考点三： 形容词如何转化为副词
形容词转化为副词变化规则(1) 一般在形容词的词尾加 ly将其变成副词。
如quick－quickly, slow－slowly, loud－loudly, sudden－suddenly等 。
(2)一些以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，要把 y改为 i，再加 ly。如happy－happily, angry－angrily, lucky－luckily, heavy－heavily, noisy－noisily等。
(3)有些以 ble或 le结尾的形容词，去掉 e再加 y。如possible－possibly, terrible－terribly等 。
(4)以元音字母 e结尾的形容词，要去掉 e再加 ly。如true－truly等。但辅音字母加 e结尾的形容词仍然直接加 ly。如polite－politely, wide－widely等。
(5)以 l结尾的形容词要在词尾加 ly，以 ll结尾的形容词要在词尾加 y。如usual－usually, careful－carefully, useful－usefully, full－fully等。
目标检测二：把下面形容词变为副词或把副词变为形容词
1. immediate adj 立即的，立刻的， 2. clear adj 清楚的，清晰的
3.cautious adj 小心翼翼的 4.vivid adj 生动的，逼真的
5.exactly adv 确切地,精确地 6.fortunately adv 幸运地
7.surprisingly adv 令人惊讶的 8.hardly adv 几乎不
9. lucky adj 幸运的 10. properly adv 适当地；恰当地
11. specially adv 专门 12.reliable adj 可靠的，可信赖的
13.simply adv 简单地；仅仅，只不过 14.patient adj 耐心的；
考点四：形容词的比较级和最高级形式变化规则
绝大多数形容词有三种形式, 原级、比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
思考：什么是多音节词？
规则变化
1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
great greater greatest warm warmer warmest
long longer longest strong stronger strongest
2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
wide wider widest close closer closest
brave braver bravest
(3) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 - ier 和- iest 构成.
happy happier happiest funny funnier funniest
healthy healthier healthiest tidy tidier tidiest
(4) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。
hot hotter hottest red redder reddest
fat fatter fattest sad sadder saddest
(5) 部分双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
difficult popular helpful cheerful tired…
不规则变化: 原级------比较级------最高级
good, well------better------best bad, ill------worse------worst
little------less------least few------fewer------fewest
many, much------more------most far------farther/further------farthest/furthest
old------older/elder------oldest/eldest late------later/latter------latest/last
目标检测三：写出下面这些形容词的比较级和最高级的形式
tall cheap nice
large big thin
busy angry clever
narrow important
good, well bad, ill, badly
many, much little far
考点五：副词的比较级和最高级
1) 大多数以 ly结尾的副词在其前加more和most来构成比较级和最高级。如：
quickly—more quickly—most quickly carefully—more carefully—most carefully
2) 单音节词及少数双音节词在词尾加 er构成比较级, 加 est构成最高级。如：
hard—harder—hardest fast—faster—fastest early—earlier—earliest
课堂小结：本节课学了形容词和副词的那些考点？
Homework:
A、把下面形容词变为副词或把副词变为形容词
1.amazing adj 令人惊异的 2.accidentally adv 偶然地;意外地
3.silent adj 沉默的 4.calm adj 平静的，冷静的
5.secret adj 秘密的 6. flexible adj 灵活的
6.complex adj 复杂的 8.smooth adj 平稳的，光滑的，顺利的
9.sensitive adj 敏感的， 10.honest adj 诚实的
11.confident adj 自信的 12.regularly adv 定期的，有规律的
13.private adj 私人的 14.personal adj 个人的
15.unique adj 唯一的,独特的 16.favorable adj 赞同的，有利的
17.precious adj 宝贵的，珍贵的 18.essential adj 必要的，
19.adoptable adv 可采用的,可收养的 20.acceptable adj 可以接受的
21.available adj 可利用的,可使用的，可得到的
22.accessible adj 易接近的，可理解的 23.relatively adv 相对地，
24.approximately adv大约 25.absolutely adv 绝对正确地
B、.单句语法填空
1．Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be (equal) respected.
2．The numbers are (particular) high in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong.
3．The more I thought about it, the (bad) my mood became.
4．Because he lives far from his parents, he goes to see them (occasion)．
5．He treated the customers (rude)．
6．The temperature dropped (sharp)．
7．The wind was blowing (strong) and it became even (cold)．
8．He became (patience) with me and lost his temper.
9．It was on a (fog) day that he came to my house.
答案：1.equally 2. particularly 3.worse 4.occasionally 5.rudely 6. sharply 7. strongly colder 8. patient 9. foggy
C、短文改错
1. (2015全国Ⅰ卷) Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
2. (2014全国Ⅰ卷) We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
3. (2014全国Ⅰ卷)The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.
4. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.
5. (2015全国Ⅱ卷) Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ”
6. (2017全国Ⅱ卷) In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their
garden…
7. (2012全国Ⅰ卷) I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.
答案：1. seriously - serious 2. wonderfully - wonderful 3.taste - tasty 4. freely - free 5. terrible - terribly 6.interesting - interested 7. little- less
导学案二
学习目标： 1.形容词和副词的比较级及最高级的常考句型
学习难点： 1.牢记形容词和副词比较级及最高级的形式变化规则
2.掌握形容词和副词比较级和最高级的特征
考点一：形容词和副词原级的常见句型
1. as＋形容词/副词＋as
e.g. He is as tall as his father. He speaks English as fluently as an Englishman.
注意: 在否定句或疑问句中可用so...as, 即not as/so...as。
e.g. He can’t run so/as fast as you. It’s not as/so warm as yesterday.
2. “as＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数名词＋as”或“as＋many/much＋名词＋as”。
e.g. This is as good an example as the other is.
I can carry as much paper as you can.
There are as many students in your class as in ours.
考点二：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的常见句型
1) 差别比较 “比…更…一些”，常用连词than引导状语从句。
① A+系动词+形容词比较级+ than + B. English is more popular than Japanese.
② A+实义动词+副词比较级+ than + B. Mike studies harder than Helen.
常用来修饰比较级的词：
much, even, still, so much, a little, a bit, a lot, far等。
只能修饰原级不能修饰比较级的：very, quite, so, rather
This park is much more beautiful than that one.
Tom is a little fatter than Jim.
目标检测一：用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Our teacher is _______ (tall) than we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。
2. It is ________ (warm) today than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。
3. This picture is ___________ (beautiful) than that one. 　 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
4.The sun is _____________ (big) than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。
答案： 1. taller 2. warmer 3. more beautiful 4. bigger
2). “比较级＋and＋比较级”和“more and more＋多音节词原级”, 表示程度递增。这种结构后不可接than引导的从句。
e.g. Things are getting better and better.
She plays the piano more and more beautifully.
3). the+比较级…, the+比较级… “越……,就越……”
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
4). the+比较级+of the two “两个中较……的那个”
He is the taller of the two.
5) Which/ Who is + 比较级，A or B “A和B哪一个/谁更…… ”
Which/ Who is + the+ 最高级，A, B or C “哪一个/谁最…… ”
Which is more interesting, swimming or diving
形容词和副词最高级的用法
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
A+ 连系动词+形容词最高级+of/ in/ among…
Autumn is the best season in Beijing.
one of the +最高级+复数名词 “最……之一”
Harry Potter is one of the most popular novels.
the +序数词+最高级 “第几最……” Beijing Duck is the second nicest dish I have ever met.
② A+ 实义动词+副词最高级+of/ in/ among… Who runs fastest in our school
目标检测二：用所给词的适当形式填空。
She is ____________ （good）student in her class. 　她是班上最好的学生。
Shanghai is one of ___________（big）cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
This is ______________(sweet) apple I have ever tasted. 　这是我尝到的最甜的苹果。
Tom is ___________(short) boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最矮的孩子。
Which is___ (strong), Li Lei or Wu Tong
答案：1. the best 2. biggest 3.the sweetest 4. the shortest 5. stronger
小结：本节课必须掌握那些要点？
Homework:
A、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．There's no (great) happiness than that of succeeding in one's career.
2．This is one of the (excite) moment.
3．Of the two boys, Jim is the (young) one, and he is also the one who loves to be noisy.
B.语法填空
We're offering free tickets to go and see a film called A Year in Greenland. The film, which 1.___________(tell) you all about the plants and animals in that wonderful country, has won 2.___________prize at the national film festival — it's well worth 3.___________( see).
The film can only be seen at the new cinema that has just been completed inside the Science Museum in the city centre. It's showing this Sunday with 4.___________(perform) every hour from midday onwards, with the last showing at 5 o'clock, two hours before the museum closes. So there are six times to choose 5.___________.
So why not take the whole family to the museum this Sunday Children will want to head straight down to the basement 6.___________ the computers are kept. I promise you they'll come away with all sorts of 7.___________(excite) pictures they've created.
Entrance to the museum is free on Sundays, but it would 8.___________(normal) cost $ 3.25 to go and see the film. 9.___________(get) your free tickets, you should e-mail this programme by midday on Friday. We've only got a limited number of tickets, so the 10.___________(early) you e-mail us, the more likely you are to get one.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文,旨在向我们推荐一部值得一看的电影——A Year in Greenland。
1. tells　考查动词时态。句意:这部电影讲述了这个神奇国家的植物和动物。此
句是定语从句,which指代the film并在从句中作主语,因此谓语用单数,文章的
时态是一般现在时,故填tells。
2. a　考查冠词。此处表达“一个奖项”用不定冠词a。
3. seeing　考查固定搭配。句意:这部电影真值得一看。be worth doing sth
是固定用法,意为“做某事是值得的”。
4. performances　考查名词复数。介词with之后要接名词,根据下文“…every hour from midday onwards, with the last showing at 5 o'clock…”以及six times可知,这部电影要演出6场,故填名词复数performances。
5. from　考查介词。句意:从六次中挑选一次。choose…from…是固定用法,意为“从……中挑选”。
6. where　考查定语从句。句意:孩子们可以直接下到地下室,那里放置着电脑。此句为定语从句,先行词the basement指地点,并在后面句子中作状语,故用where引导定语从句。
7. exciting　考查分词化的形容词。修饰名词要用形容词,此处pictures指物,故
用exciting表示“令人兴奋的”。
8. normally　考查副词。句意:星期天,进入博物馆是免费的,但是通常去看电影要花费3.25美元。修饰后面的动词cost,故用副词normally表示“正常地,通常地”。
9. To get　考查动词不定式。句意:为了得到免费的票,你应该在星期五中午前给栏目组发邮件。此处表示目的,故用动词不定式To get。
10.earlier　考查形容词的比较级。句意:我们的票数量有限,所以你越早给我们发电子邮件,你就越有可能得到一张票。the more…the more…是一个固定句式,意为“越……越……”。