(必修三·Unit 3)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．He was hit by a falling tree that night and killed ________.
A．on the spot B．in a spot
C．under the spot D．on a spot
答案与解析：A 考查on the spot的用法。句意：那晚他被一棵倒下的树砸了，当场死了。on the spot“当场”。in a spot“在困难中”。
2．Peter must be ill.It's the only thing that can ________ his strange behavior.
A．lie in B．result from
C．account for D．explain about
答案与解析：C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：彼得一定病了，这是唯一能解释他诡异行动的原因。account for意为“说明……的原因”。lie in“在于”；result from“起因于”，其后跟原因，与句意不符；explain为及物动词，其后不加介词about。
3．Look at the old woman who is ________.Judging from that，she must be a beggar.
A．in rags B．in good condition
C．on a diet D．in order
答案与解析：A 考查介词短语的用法。从下文“她一定是个乞丐”来推测，“这位老太太穿得很破”，故用in rags。in good condition 情况很好；on a diet 吃规定的食物；in order 整齐，均不符合句意。
4．Before entering a house in some Asian countries，it is ________ to take off your shoes.
A．a good manner B．a bad manner
C．good manners D．bad manners
答案与解析：C 本题考查manner的用法。manner作礼貌讲时，用复数形式，It is good/bad manners to do意为“做……是有礼貌的/没礼貌的”。
5．Don't be angry with the girl.She made the mistake ________.
A．on purpose B．by accident
C．in surprise D．at once
答案与解析：B 考查介词短语辨析。从“不要生这个女孩的气”可推测，“她只是偶然犯错误”，故用by accident(＝by chance)。on purpose 故意地；in surprise 惊奇地；at once 立刻。
6．—Would you permit me ________ here?
—Sorry.We don't permit ________ here in the reading room.
A．smoking; smoking B．to smoke; to smoke
C．smoking; to smoke D．to smoke; smoking
答案与解析：D 考查permit的用法。句意：“你允许我在这里吸烟吗？”“抱歉，在阅览室里我们不允许吸烟。”permit常用于以下两种结构：permit sb.to do sth.和permit doing sth.。
7．After a long journey ________ through Arabic countries，he returned to the motherland.
A．wondering B．wondered
C．wandering D．wandered
答案与解析：C 本题考查词形易混词语wonder与wander。句意：在阿拉伯国家漂泊很久以后，他返回了祖国。wander意为“漫游，漂泊”，符合语境。wonder意为“惊奇，想知道”。wander与逻辑主语之间为主谓关系，所以用v.-ing形式。
8．After losing $20,000 on my last business venture，I'm not taking ________ this time.
A．any chances B．any turns
C．a tip D．a look
答案与解析：A 句意：上次生意损失了两万美元，这次我不冒这个险了。take chances/a chance“冒险”，符合语境。
9．Rose was born in Hong Kong but ________ in the USA，because her parents went there to work for some reason.
A．brought out B．brought up
C．taken out D．taken up
答案与解析：B 句意：罗斯生在香港，但在美国长大，因为她父母因某种原因去了那儿工作。bring up“抚养，带大”，符合题意。
10．Sometimes she'd ask the driver to stop in front of a particular building，and would sit ________ into the distance，saying nothing.
A．staring B．glaring
C．watching D．noticing
答案与解析：A 句意：有时她会让司机停在某一幢大楼前，而且总是坐在那里凝视着远方，什么也不说。stare在此为不及物动词，意为“凝视”，stare into the distance意为“凝视着远方”。
11．The new secretary didn't even know ________ to do with her simplest daily work，which made her boss much frustrated.
A．how B．what
C．which D．where
答案与解析：B 句意是：这位新来的秘书甚至连最简单的日常工作都不会处理，这使得老板非常沮丧。疑问代词what作及物动词do的宾语。
12．The road is covered with snow.I can't understand ________ they insist on going by motorbike.
A．why B．whether
C．when D．how
答案与解析：A 考查宾语从句的用法。句意：路面上满是雪，我不明白他们为什么坚持骑摩托车。
13．Every one of us thinks a teacher should be patient ________ the students who have difficulty learning English.
A．at B．with
C．of D．for
答案与解析：B be patient with“对……有耐心”为固定搭配。
14．—Do you mind if I record your lecture?
—________.Go ahead.
A．Never mind B．No way
C．Not at all D．No.You'd better not
答案与解析：C 句意为“我把你的讲座录下来你会介意么？”“一点也不，开始吧。”根据后半句答语可知，同意对方录制。not at all一点也不，常用来表示同意别人的说法或做法；never mind没关系，常用来表示安慰或回答别人的道歉；no way用来坚决地拒绝别人；no，you'd better not用于委婉地告诉别人最好不做某事。
15．—Bob，are you free at the moment？I have to ask you some questions.
—________.
A．It's a pleasure B．Ask，please
C．Help yourself D．Yes，go ahead
答案与解析：D 本题考查交际用语。go ahead可用于鼓励对方继续说下去，意为“可以；往下说吧”。
Ⅱ.完形填空
My mother lived in an old farm house in north Oregon，which was located far from any other neighbors.She lived with her elder brother and sisters.Since there were not enough rooms for them，her two sisters __1__ the bigger bedroom downstairs，her brother in a room down the hall and she slept in the top room of the building.
The first __2__ event that happened in that house was when my mother was about 10 years old.She was staying home sick with her brother.He had gone __3__ to the kitchen when my mother heard a voice calling her name from the bottom of the stairs.The voice was __4__ but that was impossible since the only other person in the house was her brother.That was followed by footsteps __5__ the stairs to the top room.A few hours __6__ her brother came up to see what she was doing.She asked him who the girl on the stairs was.He said there was no one in the house.
A few weeks later the __7__ event happened.My grandmother was cooking supper in the kitchen.She turned around and two of the chairs were __8__.She pushed them in and went back __9__.About ten minutes later she turned around and three of the chairs were pulled out.My grandmother was quite __10__ by this because only my mother's little sister was home at the time.
The last event at the house was the __11__ and the one that made them move away.Her elder sister Josie was babysitting her younger one，Sarah，when there was a knock on the door.Josie went to __12__ it and no one was there.She went to the __13__ for some water and when she returned to the living room，Sarah was __14__！She ran all over the house and __15__ found Sarah sleeping in her bed.This was __16__ because Sarah couldn't __17__ the stairs without help because they were very steep.This frightened her so she woke up Sarah and __18__ her downstairs.Then the phone rang.It was my grandma __19__ to say that my grandfather had died and she wouldn't be coming home that night.She was about to turn on the TV __20__ she heard a woman's footsteps coming towards her.She turned around but nobody was there.
1．A.shared B．supported
C．offered D．afforded
2．A.interesting B．particular
C．strange D．anxious
3．A.upstairs B．outsides
C．downstairs D．indoors
4．A.male B．other
C．female D．another
5．A.turning up B．coming up
C．picking up D．sending up
6．A.ago B．later
C．after D．former
7．A.last B．second
C．third D．final
8．A.pulled out B．pointed out
C．thrown out D．given out
9．A.turning B．pushing
C．cooking D．pulling
10．A.delighted B．disappointed
C．frightened D．satisfied
11．A.best B．worse
C．better D．worst
12．A.receive B．answer
C．reply D．react
13．A.kitchen B．living room
C．sitting room D．bedroom
14．A.asleep B．lost
C．gone D．sleeping
15．A.in the end B．at first
C．firstly D．at the end
16．A.unnecessary B．desperate
C．separate D．impossible
17．A.run B．walk
C．climb D．wander
18．A.took B．held
C．carried D．brought
19．A.crying B．shouting
C．calling D．laughing
20．A.when B．before
C．while D．until
答案与解析：
本文作者用第三人称的口吻叙述了发生在母亲小时候居住的老房子里的三件令人感到恐怖的事情。
1．A 根据前面的语境Since there were not enough rooms for them可以推测，他们家没有足够的房间，因此母亲的两个姐妹只能共用较大的卧室。share表示“分享，共享”。
2．C 接下来的三段分别讲述了发生在母亲小时候居住的老房子里的三件恐怖的事情。第一，母亲10岁那年，莫名其妙地听见楼下有人喊叫自己的名字；第二，外婆在厨房做饭的时候，几把椅子自动来回移动，当时除了外婆外只有母亲的小妹妹在家；最后，明明听见有人敲门，但是将门打开时，门外却空无一人……这三件事都是非常奇怪的事情，故选C。
3．C 由第一段最后一句及本段第三句内容可知，她的哥哥应该是去了“楼下的”厨房。
4．C 根据下文的She asked him who the girl on the stairs was可以分析出，这里指女性的声音。
5．B 根据第一段her brother in a room down the hall and she slept in the top room of the building和本题之后的the stairs to the top room可以判断出，这里指上楼的脚步声。come up在此表示“上来”。
6．B 根据前后语境分析，这里指几小时后，母亲的哥哥过来看母亲在做什么。
7．B 根据第二段的信息词the first和第四段的信息词the last可以判断出，此处应该讲的是第二个令人胆战心惊的故事。
8．A 由下文About ten minutes later she turned around and three of the chairs were pulled out一句可推知此题答案。pull out 拉出。
9．C 根据前文My grandmother was cooking supper in the kitchen可以推测出，这里指外婆将两把椅子塞进去后又回去做饭。因此cooking符合语境和逻辑。
10．C 根据后面的语境because only my mother's little sister was home at the time可知，除了母亲的小妹妹只有外婆一个人在家，但几把椅子出出进进，自然让外婆感到害怕。故选择C。
11．D 根据故事发展的情节来分析，这里强调之最。因为前面两次并没有吓得他们搬家，而从the one that made them move away推测，这次吓得他们搬家了，因此这是最糟的一次“恐怖事件”。
12．B 根据语境when there was a knock on the door判断，这里指Josie 去开门，answer在此表示“应门声开门”。
13．A 根据后面的信息词some water和信息句when she returned to the living room可以推测，Josie是去厨房找水。
14．C gone在此表示“不见了”。
15．A 语境found Sarah sleeping in her bed强调的是结果，因此in the end(最终)符合语境。
16．D 根据后面的语境because Sarah couldn't...the stairs without help because they were very steep可以推测，这是不可能发生的事情。
17．C 根据原因状语从句because they were very steep中的信息词steep(陡峭的)可以知道，这里指Sarah是不可能自己爬到楼上去的。
18．A 由上文可知，Sarah睡到了楼上她的床上，因此这里强调Josie将Sarah带下了楼。
19．C 语境Then the phone rang表明了这里是指我的外婆打电话说我外公去世了。
20．A be about to do sth.when...表示“刚要做某事突然……”。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The unquestioned role of a student is to learn as much as possible through whatever means it takes to acquire knowledge.Teachers and professors are human beings and are therefore not perfect.No one knows the correct answer to every question even when you limit the questions to a certain field of study.Having certain skepticism(质疑)about what they are being taught can help students to make the teachers even better by correcting mistakes and misinformation.
Students certainly have a huge role in their own abilities to learn.Teachers should act more as guides along the way rather than try to force each student to learn.The best teachers in the world cannot teach an unmotivated student.If the teacher，for whatever reason，cannot motivate the student，then the student must somehow find a way to motivate himself or herself.
One method of doing this is by becoming an active rather than a passive student.The more the student involves himself or herself in the act of studying，the better he or she can learn.One of the best ways to become more active is simply to ask the teacher or professor questions.Students who passively sit in a classroom and take everything that the teacher says for granted are not fully using their mental capacities to learn.
Better education comes from teachers who are able to get their students to think about a subject rather than merely absorb a certain amount of information.Having a healthy skepticism can improve a student's ability to both think and absorb knowledge in a learning situation.
Teachers are human beings and no one is one hundred percent right all the time，even in a classroom situation.Perhaps a teacher would simply unconsciously say the wrong word or pass on some misinformation that the teacher truly believed was correct.A student's question could prevent an entire classroom from becoming confused or misinformed.
There is of course a fine balance between a student having a healthy skepticism，and just being a downright skeptic.But with the proper attitude toward learning and a little skepticism，both the students and teachers can improve upon the learning process and maximize learning efficiency.
1．Which of the following is the author's main argument?
A．Passive learning results from passive teaching in class.
B．A student's ability plays a huge role in the learning process.
C．A healthy skepticism fully depends on students' motivation and ability.
D．A healthy skepticism and proper attitude contribute to effective learning.
答案与解析：D 主旨题。从文章第一段的叙述可推断出D为正确选项。
2．Being passive learners，the students ________.
A．use little of their mental ability while studying
B．seldom involve themselves completely in learning
C．can hardly tell the right from the wrong in class
D．simply ask their teachers questions without thinking
答案与解析：B 从文章第三段最后一句“Students who passively...not fully using their mental capacities to learn”可推断B为正确选项。
3．According to the passage，a good teacher should ________.
A．help the unmotivated students patiently
B．instruct students in the learning process
C．make no mistakes in the teaching process
D．answer all the questions raised by students
答案与解析：B 从文章第四段第一句“Better education...amount of information”可推断出B为正确选项。
4．The author will most probably agree that ________.
A．keeping skepticism to a certain degree is important
B．having a good attitude can ensure the learning process
C．taking everything for granted makes a student learn nothing
D．a teacher's ability can be improved by encouraging doubts
答案与解析：D 从文章最后一段可推断出。
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
核心单词
1. scene
n. 现场;情景;景色;发生地点;（戏剧）一场
Our reporter was the first person on the scene.
我们的记者是最先到达出事地点的。
I saw the scene with my own eyes.我亲眼目睹了那一幕。
The rocking boats along the river bank make a beautiful scene.
河边晃晃悠悠的船只构成了一道美丽的风景。
易混辨析
scene/scenery/sight/view
scene指某一处的自然风光；情形，情景。
scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。
sight景象，风景，名胜，侧重指值得看的事物或很难看的东西；很可笑的事物。
view景色，风景，侧重指从人所处的角度用肉眼所看到的景色。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
Seeing the happy of the children playing in the park, I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.
(2009·12·山东莱州检测)
A. Sight B. view C. look D. scene
(2)选词填空(scene/sight/view/scenery)（原创）
①Guilin is famous for its beautiful .
②The is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
③You can get a wonderful at the top of the tower.
④The flowers are a lovely in spring.
⑤He began to lose his six years ago.
解析: (1)选D。句意为：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的幸福一幕，我对我们国家的未来充满了自信和喜悦。scene 表示包括人及其活
动的“景色”。
(2)①scenery②scene③view④sight⑤sight
2. permit
vt.＆vi.许可；允许；准许
n. 通行证；许可证；执照
His health doesn’t permit his travelling with us.
他的健康状况不允许他同我们一起旅行。
Weather permitting, we will go fishing.
天气允许的话，我们会去钓鱼。
The facts permit of no other explanation.
这些事实不容许有其他解释。
The nurse allowed him to remain there though it wasn’t permitted.虽然规定不允许，但护士让他留在那里。
常用结构:
permit sb./sth. 允许某人/某事
permit sb. to do sth.= allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth.=allow doing sth. 允许做某事
permit of ...容许……
We don’t permit pets in the classroom.
我们不允许教室里有宠物。
The teacher doesn’t permit us to touch anything in the lab.
老师不允许我们碰实验室里的任何东西。
We don’t permit smoking in the office.
办公室里不准吸烟。
易混辨析
let/permit/allow
let表示“允许，让”，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后面常接不带to的不定式作宾补。
permit和allow意思相近，都表示“允许，准许”。permit稍正式一些，多指上级对下级或长辈对晚辈的准许,语气较强；allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
—Would you permit me here?
—Sorry. We don’t permit in the library.
(2009·12·山东青岛检测)
A. smoking; smoking B. to smoke; to smoke
C. smoking; to smoke D. to smoke; smoking
(2)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 （原创）
①Students are not (allow/permit)to enter the Net Bar.
②My mother wouldn’t let me (go) to the film.
③We don’ t allow (smoke) in our office.
④Weather (permit), we’ll go outing this weekend.
解析: (1)选D。第一个空考查permit sb. to do的用法；第二个空考查permit doing的用法。
(2)①allowed/permitted②go③smoking④permitting
3. spot
vt. 发现；认出
n. 污点；斑点；地点
She was wearing a white skirt with red spots.
她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。
This is the very spot where he was murdered.
他就是在这儿遭到谋杀的。
常用结构:
spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
on the spot = on the scene到（在）现场；当场
on the spot 当场；立即
spotless adj.没有斑点的;极其干净的
spotted adj. 有斑点的
be spotted with 被……点缀
She spotted her friend in the crowd.
她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
He was hit by a falling stone and got killed .
(2009·12·安徽巢湖检测)
A. on a spot B. in a spot
C. on the spot D. under the spot
(2)完成句子（原创）
①The police (发现) him driving a stolen car.
②The police were (到现场) within a few minutes of my telephone call.
③He keeps his house (极其干净的).
解析: (1)选C。句意为：他被飞石击中，当场死亡。on the spot当场。
(2)①spotted②on the spot③spotless
4. account
vt. 认为，把……视为
vi. 解释；说明；对……负责
n. ［U］根据，理由；［C］解释，说明；［C］描述，报道；［C］帐目
In English law a person is accounted innocent until they are proved guilty.
按照英国法律，一个人未经证实有罪之前视为无罪。
He was accounted a first-rate actor.
他被认为是一名一流的演员。
He got angry on this account.
由于这个缘故他生气了。
John gave us a detailed account of his plan.
关于他的计划约翰给我们做了详尽的说明。
The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident.
警察叙述了交通事故的经过。
常用结构:
account for 对……做出解释；(在数学、比例上)占；导致
by all accounts 大家都说
on account of 由于；因为
on no account 绝不可以
take account of=take ...into account考虑到……
He could not account for his absence from school.
他无法说清楚为什么旷课。
注意：on no account为否定意义的短语，当它位于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
① should any money be given to a small child.
(2009·12·安徽淮北检测)
A. On no account B. From all accounts
C. Of no account D. By all accounts
②We must every penny we spend during a business trip.
A. account for B. take on
C. make up D. turn out
(2)完成句子（原创）
①This is (一则激动人心的报道) of the match.
②The (帐目) show we have spent more than we received.
③Please (解释) the failure in the sports meeting.
解析: (1)①选A。on no account绝不可以；from all accounts和by all accounts均意为“根据各种说法”；of no account不重要，通常作表语或定语。
②选A。account for sth.意为“（对自己所掌管的钱等）作令人满意的交代”。
(2)①an exciting account ②accounts③account for
5. seek
vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
You must seek permission from the manager.
你必须请求经理批准。
The explanation is not far to seek.
这种解释不难理解。
常用结构:
seek (for/after) sth./sb. 寻找某人/某物
seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success
追求幸福/安慰/财富/成功
seek sth. from sb. 向某人寻求某物
seek one’s fortune闯世界；寻找发迹的机会
They are seeking to mislead us. 他们竭力误导我们。
高手过招
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创）
①I think it’s time we (seek) legal advice.
②They are seeking (change) the rules.
答案①sought②to change
重点短语
6. bring up
培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
She brought up five children.
她养育了五个孩子。
Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
她出生后不久就父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。
常用结构:
bring sb. up to be/as 培养某人成为……
bring sb. up to do sth. 培养某人做……
联想拓展
bring forward提出（问题、建议、计划等）
bring down降低；压倒
bring about使发生
bring to light 发现
bring in 引入
bring out 推出，使显出
bring on引起，带来
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①He was (从小就受到要尊敬老师的教育) the teachers.
②He (提出) a good suggestion at the meeting.
③She was so sick that she (吐出) all that she had had.
答案：①brought up to respect②brought up/put forward
③brought up
7. go ahead
执行;进行，前进;（用于祈使句）可以;往下说;用吧;开始吧
Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead.
尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。
The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.
新桥的修建将按计划进行。
联想拓展
ahead of 在之前；领先于；胜过
ahead of time/in advance 提前
go against违背；反对；不利于
go around/round/about （疾病）传播
go after 追求
go by 过去
go in for爱好
go out（火、灯等）熄灭；外出
go over 复习；检查
go through 遭受；经历；通过
go up 上升；增长
go without 没有……也行；将就
go wrong 出毛病
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①After a pause, he (往下说) with his speech.
②The new bridge was completed (提前).
③ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left.
④—Could I use your bike?
— (用吧).
答案：①went ahead②ahead of time
③Go straight ahead④Go ahead
8. by accident = by chance
偶然；无意中;不小心
Last time I ran across her in the street by accident.
上次我偶然在街上碰见她了。
I only found it by accident.
我只是碰巧找到的。
联想拓展
y contrast 对比之下
by mistake 错误地
by hand 用手;用体力
by machine 用机器
高手过招
用“by+n.”构成的短语填空（原创）
①I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’s umbrella .
②These toys are made instead of , so they are very expensive.
③She had found the file .
答案：①by accident/chance/mistake
②by hand; by machine③by accident
9. to be honest=honestly speaking
说实话
To be honest, I am not satisfied with what you did.
说实话，我对你做的事不满意。
To be honest, I know nothing about him except that he is from America.
老实说，我只知道他是一位美国人。
联想拓展
to be frank=frankly speaking坦率地说
to be exact=exactly speaking 确切地说
to tell you the truth 实话告诉你
to make things worse 更糟的是
To tell you the truth，I don?t think you are right.
实话告诉你，我认为你不对。
To be exact，every minute more than 130 million gallons of water plunge to the bottom of the gorge over 320 feet down.
准确地说，每分钟就有超过1.3亿加仑的水流倾泻到320多英尺之下的峡谷深处。 这种不定式短语是坦白陈述时所用的套语，表明说话人的观点或态度，在句子中作插入语，没有任何形式上的变化，即:不受句子其他成分(特别是主语)的影响。
高手过招
单项填空
I wouldn’t buy that house; , it’s too close to the main road. (2009·12·福建泉州检测)
A. being honest B. honest
C. to be honest D. having been honest
解析:选C。考查动词不定式作插入语的用法。to be honest作插入语时，没有其他形式的变化，只能用动词不定式形式。
10. on the contrary
与此相反；正相反(只作状语)
It doesn’t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’s rather beautiful.
我觉得它并不丑, 恰恰相反,我认为它相当漂亮。
It wasn’t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake.这并不是一件好事，相反，这是个巨大的错误。
联想拓展
(be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与……相反
Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk.
与普遍看法相反，许多猫并不喜欢牛奶。
高手过招
用contrary相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）
①The car isn’t expensive. , it’s quite cheap.
②The results were expectation.
答案：①On the contrary②contrary to
11. as for
至于，关于
As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself.
至于你, 你应该感到惭愧。
联想拓展
as to 至于，关于；提到；就……而论(至于，说到)
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①He was uncertain (至于) which road to take.
②Would you be so kind (至于) help me to move the stone?
my past, I’m not telling you anything.
答案：①as to②as to③As for
12. take a chance=take chances
冒险，碰运气
He took a chance when he made the investment.
当时他投资时是冒了很大风险的。
联想拓展
have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth./to do sth./that ...大有希望/没有可能/没什么希望做某事
by chance=by accident 偶然地；意外地
give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会
the chances are (that) ...
=it is likely that ...很可能……
高手过招
翻译句子
①很可能她要来。
②我遇到她完全是偶然的。
答案：①The chances are that/It?s likely that she?ll be coming.
②I met her by chance.
重点句型
13. Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
find+sb. /sth.+宾语补足语=find(+that)+sb./sth.+谓语动词
联想拓展
find+it+adj./n./adv./prep. 觉得做某事是……
find +sb./ sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动)
find sb./ sth. done 发现……被做……(被动或表示状态)
find oneself in/at... 发觉自己在某处/处于……
find sb./sth.+adj.+to do 觉得……(to do用主动形式表被动意义)
I found that the boy was hiding behind the door.
=I found the boy hiding behind the door.
我发现那个男孩子藏在门后。
When day broke, we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain.
破晓时，我们发现自己在山脚下的一个小村子里。
She got home, only to find the door locked/closed.
她回到家，却发现门锁上了。
Marx found idioms hard to learn.
=Marx found it hard to learn idioms.
马克思觉得习惯用语很难学。
高手过招
完成句子 （原创）
①The film star (发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car.
②He found a wallet (躺) on the ground.
③A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (在吸烟) in the kitchen.
④I found it impossible (劝服；说服) him to give up smoking.
⑤I (觉得难以想象) the life in the future.
⑥I (发现灯亮着) all through the night.
答案：①found himself surrounded by②lying
③smoking④to persuade
⑤find it hard to imagine⑥found the lights on
14. The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
句中的when表示“这时，就在这个(那个)时候(=and then；and just then；and at that time)”，当when作此意讲时，通常和正在发生的或即将发生的动作连用，构成：be doing ... when .../be about to do ...when ...的句型。其中when引导的从句要用一般过去时。
I was wandering through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
我正在街上闲逛，(这时)忽然看见了一家服装店。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们在开会的时候，有人突然闯入。
We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain. 我们快要动身离开的时候，天突然下起了雨。
高手过招
单项填空
Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park
she was bitten on the leg by a lion.
(2009·12·河南开封检测)
When B. while C. since D. before
解析:选A。when在本句中为连词，相当于and just then, and just at that time, 意为“就在那时”。引导一个忽然出现的动作。
句意为：Jasmine 正在和她的家人在野生动物园度假时，她被狮子咬伤了腿。
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
核心单词
1. scene
n. 现场;情景;景色;发生地点;（戏剧）一场
Our reporter was the first person on the scene.
我们的记者是最先到达出事地点的。
I saw the scene with my own eyes.我亲眼目睹了那一幕。
The rocking boats along the river bank make a beautiful scene.
河边晃晃悠悠的船只构成了一道美丽的风景。
易混辨析
scene/scenery/sight/view
scene指某一处的自然风光；情形，情景。
scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。
sight景象，风景，名胜，侧重指值得看的事物或很难看的东西；很可笑的事物。
view景色，风景，侧重指从人所处的角度用肉眼所看到的景色。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
Seeing the happy of the children playing in the park, I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.
(2009·12·山东莱州检测)
A. Sight B. view C. look D. scene
(2)选词填空(scene/sight/view/scenery)（原创）
①Guilin is famous for its beautiful .
②The is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
③You can get a wonderful at the top of the tower.
④The flowers are a lovely in spring.
⑤He began to lose his six years ago.
解析: (1)选D。句意为：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的幸福一幕，我对我们国家的未来充满了自信和喜悦。scene 表示包括人及其活
动的“景色”。
(2)①scenery②scene③view④sight⑤sight
2. permit
vt.＆vi.许可；允许；准许
n. 通行证；许可证；执照
His health doesn’t permit his travelling with us.
他的健康状况不允许他同我们一起旅行。
Weather permitting, we will go fishing.
天气允许的话，我们会去钓鱼。
The facts permit of no other explanation.
这些事实不容许有其他解释。
The nurse allowed him to remain there though it wasn’t permitted.虽然规定不允许，但护士让他留在那里。
常用结构:
permit sb./sth. 允许某人/某事
permit sb. to do sth.= allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth.=allow doing sth. 允许做某事
permit of ...容许……
We don’t permit pets in the classroom.
我们不允许教室里有宠物。
The teacher doesn’t permit us to touch anything in the lab.
老师不允许我们碰实验室里的任何东西。
We don’t permit smoking in the office.
办公室里不准吸烟。
易混辨析
let/permit/allow
let表示“允许，让”，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后面常接不带to的不定式作宾补。
permit和allow意思相近，都表示“允许，准许”。permit稍正式一些，多指上级对下级或长辈对晚辈的准许,语气较强；allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
—Would you permit me here?
—Sorry. We don’t permit in the library.
(2009·12·山东青岛检测)
A. smoking; smoking B. to smoke; to smoke
C. smoking; to smoke D. to smoke; smoking
(2)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 （原创）
①Students are not (allow/permit)to enter the Net Bar.
②My mother wouldn’t let me (go) to the film.
③We don’ t allow (smoke) in our office.
④Weather (permit), we’ll go outing this weekend.
解析: (1)选D。第一个空考查permit sb. to do的用法；第二个空考查permit doing的用法。
(2)①allowed/permitted②go③smoking④permitting
3. spot
vt. 发现；认出
n. 污点；斑点；地点
She was wearing a white skirt with red spots.
她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。
This is the very spot where he was murdered.
他就是在这儿遭到谋杀的。
常用结构:
spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
on the spot = on the scene到（在）现场；当场
on the spot 当场；立即
spotless adj.没有斑点的;极其干净的
spotted adj. 有斑点的
be spotted with 被……点缀
She spotted her friend in the crowd.
她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
He was hit by a falling stone and got killed .
(2009·12·安徽巢湖检测)
A. on a spot B. in a spot
C. on the spot D. under the spot
(2)完成句子（原创）
①The police (发现) him driving a stolen car.
②The police were (到现场) within a few minutes of my telephone call.
③He keeps his house (极其干净的).
解析: (1)选C。句意为：他被飞石击中，当场死亡。on the spot当场。
(2)①spotted②on the spot③spotless
4. account
vt. 认为，把……视为
vi. 解释；说明；对……负责
n. ［U］根据，理由；［C］解释，说明；［C］描述，报道；［C］帐目
In English law a person is accounted innocent until they are proved guilty.
按照英国法律，一个人未经证实有罪之前视为无罪。
He was accounted a first-rate actor.
他被认为是一名一流的演员。
He got angry on this account.
由于这个缘故他生气了。
John gave us a detailed account of his plan.
关于他的计划约翰给我们做了详尽的说明。
The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident.
警察叙述了交通事故的经过。
常用结构:
account for 对……做出解释；(在数学、比例上)占；导致
by all accounts 大家都说
on account of 由于；因为
on no account 绝不可以
take account of=take ...into account考虑到……
He could not account for his absence from school.
他无法说清楚为什么旷课。
注意：on no account为否定意义的短语，当它位于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
① should any money be given to a small child.
(2009·12·安徽淮北检测)
A. On no account B. From all accounts
C. Of no account D. By all accounts
②We must every penny we spend during a business trip.
A. account for B. take on
C. make up D. turn out
(2)完成句子（原创）
①This is (一则激动人心的报道) of the match.
②The (帐目) show we have spent more than we received.
③Please (解释) the failure in the sports meeting.
解析: (1)①选A。on no account绝不可以；from all accounts和by all accounts均意为“根据各种说法”；of no account不重要，通常作表语或定语。
②选A。account for sth.意为“（对自己所掌管的钱等）作令人满意的交代”。
(2)①an exciting account ②accounts③account for
5. seek
vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
You must seek permission from the manager.
你必须请求经理批准。
The explanation is not far to seek.
这种解释不难理解。
常用结构:
seek (for/after) sth./sb. 寻找某人/某物
seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success
追求幸福/安慰/财富/成功
seek sth. from sb. 向某人寻求某物
seek one’s fortune闯世界；寻找发迹的机会
They are seeking to mislead us. 他们竭力误导我们。
高手过招
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创）
①I think it’s time we (seek) legal advice.
②They are seeking (change) the rules.
答案①sought②to change
重点短语
6. bring up
培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
She brought up five children.
她养育了五个孩子。
Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
她出生后不久就父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。
常用结构:
bring sb. up to be/as 培养某人成为……
bring sb. up to do sth. 培养某人做……
联想拓展
bring forward提出（问题、建议、计划等）
bring down降低；压倒
bring about使发生
bring to light 发现
bring in 引入
bring out 推出，使显出
bring on引起，带来
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①He was (从小就受到要尊敬老师的教育) the teachers.
②He (提出) a good suggestion at the meeting.
③She was so sick that she (吐出) all that she had had.
答案：①brought up to respect②brought up/put forward
③brought up
7. go ahead
执行;进行，前进;（用于祈使句）可以;往下说;用吧;开始吧
Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead.
尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。
The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.
新桥的修建将按计划进行。
联想拓展
ahead of 在之前；领先于；胜过
ahead of time/in advance 提前
go against违背；反对；不利于
go around/round/about （疾病）传播
go after 追求
go by 过去
go in for爱好
go out（火、灯等）熄灭；外出
go over 复习；检查
go through 遭受；经历；通过
go up 上升；增长
go without 没有……也行；将就
go wrong 出毛病
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①After a pause, he (往下说) with his speech.
②The new bridge was completed (提前).
③ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left.
④—Could I use your bike?
— (用吧).
答案：①went ahead②ahead of time
③Go straight ahead④Go ahead
8. by accident = by chance
偶然；无意中;不小心
Last time I ran across her in the street by accident.
上次我偶然在街上碰见她了。
I only found it by accident.
我只是碰巧找到的。
联想拓展
y contrast 对比之下
by mistake 错误地
by hand 用手;用体力
by machine 用机器
高手过招
用“by+n.”构成的短语填空（原创）
①I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’s umbrella .
②These toys are made instead of , so they are very expensive.
③She had found the file .
答案：①by accident/chance/mistake
②by hand; by machine③by accident
9. to be honest=honestly speaking
说实话
To be honest, I am not satisfied with what you did.
说实话，我对你做的事不满意。
To be honest, I know nothing about him except that he is from America.
老实说，我只知道他是一位美国人。
联想拓展
to be frank=frankly speaking坦率地说
to be exact=exactly speaking 确切地说
to tell you the truth 实话告诉你
to make things worse 更糟的是
To tell you the truth，I don?t think you are right.
实话告诉你，我认为你不对。
To be exact，every minute more than 130 million gallons of water plunge to the bottom of the gorge over 320 feet down.
准确地说，每分钟就有超过1.3亿加仑的水流倾泻到320多英尺之下的峡谷深处。 这种不定式短语是坦白陈述时所用的套语，表明说话人的观点或态度，在句子中作插入语，没有任何形式上的变化，即:不受句子其他成分(特别是主语)的影响。
高手过招
单项填空
I wouldn’t buy that house; , it’s too close to the main road. (2009·12·福建泉州检测)
A. being honest B. honest
C. to be honest D. having been honest
解析:选C。考查动词不定式作插入语的用法。to be honest作插入语时，没有其他形式的变化，只能用动词不定式形式。
10. on the contrary
与此相反；正相反(只作状语)
It doesn’t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’s rather beautiful.
我觉得它并不丑, 恰恰相反,我认为它相当漂亮。
It wasn’t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake.这并不是一件好事，相反，这是个巨大的错误。
联想拓展
(be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与……相反
Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk.
与普遍看法相反，许多猫并不喜欢牛奶。
高手过招
用contrary相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）
①The car isn’t expensive. , it’s quite cheap.
②The results were expectation.
答案：①On the contrary②contrary to
11. as for
至于，关于
As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself.
至于你, 你应该感到惭愧。
联想拓展
as to 至于，关于；提到；就……而论(至于，说到)
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①He was uncertain (至于) which road to take.
②Would you be so kind (至于) help me to move the stone?
my past, I’m not telling you anything.
答案：①as to②as to③As for
12. take a chance=take chances
冒险，碰运气
He took a chance when he made the investment.
当时他投资时是冒了很大风险的。
联想拓展
have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth./to do sth./that ...大有希望/没有可能/没什么希望做某事
by chance=by accident 偶然地；意外地
give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会
the chances are (that) ...
=it is likely that ...很可能……
高手过招
翻译句子
①很可能她要来。
②我遇到她完全是偶然的。
答案：①The chances are that/It?s likely that she?ll be coming.
②I met her by chance.
重点句型
13. Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
find+sb./sth.+宾语补足语=find(+that)+sb./sth.+谓语动词
联想拓展
find+it+adj./n./adv./prep. 觉得做某事是……
find +sb./ sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动)
find sb./ sth. done 发现……被做……(被动或表示状态)
find oneself in/at... 发觉自己在某处/处于……
find sb./sth.+adj.+to do 觉得……(to do用主动形式表被动意义)
I found that the boy was hiding behind the door.
=I found the boy hiding behind the door.
我发现那个男孩子藏在门后。
When day broke, we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain.
破晓时，我们发现自己在山脚下的一个小村子里。
She got home, only to find the door locked/closed.
她回到家，却发现门锁上了。
Marx found idioms hard to learn.
=Marx found it hard to learn idioms.
马克思觉得习惯用语很难学。
高手过招
完成句子 （原创）
①The film star (发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car.
②He found a wallet (躺) on the ground.
③A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (在吸烟) in the kitchen.
④I found it impossible (劝服；说服) him to give up smoking.
⑤I (觉得难以想象) the life in the future.
⑥I (发现灯亮着) all through the night.
答案：①found himself surrounded by②lying
③smoking④to persuade
⑤find it hard to imagine⑥found the lights on
14. The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
句中的when表示“这时，就在这个(那个)时候(=and then；and just then；and at that time)”，当when作此意讲时，通常和正在发生的或即将发生的动作连用，构成：be doing ...when .../be about to do ...when ...的句型。其中when引导的从句要用一般过去时。
I was wandering through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
我正在街上闲逛，(这时)忽然看见了一家服装店。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们在开会的时候，有人突然闯入。
We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain. 我们快要动身离开的时候，天突然下起了雨。
高手过招
单项填空
Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park
she was bitten on the leg by a lion.
(2009·12·河南开封检测)
When B. while C. since D. before
解析:选A。when在本句中为连词，相当于and just then, and
just at that time, 意为“就在那时”。引导一个忽然出现的动作。
句意为：Jasmine 正在和她的家人在野生动物园度假时，她被
狮子咬伤了腿。
课堂导学
基础巩固
一、词汇详解?
1.Now ladies and gentleman,you’re about to hear the most incredible tale.
女士们、先生们，你们将要听到一个最令人难以置信的故事。
要点提示:
be about to do sth.意思为“马上就要做某事，正要做某事”，不与表时间的副词或者其他时间状语连用，但是可以用在be about to do sth.when...结构中。
典型例句:
What am I to tell her when she finds out??
一旦她发现了我该怎样对她说呢？
Sit down everyone.The film is about to start.?
大家坐下，电影马上开始。
相关链接:
其他表示将来的用法以及表达方式:
（1）be going to表示现在打算在最近或者将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑或者有迹象表明，甚至作了某种准备或者表示非常可能发生。
Look,the clouds are gathering.It is going to rain.?
看，云正在聚集，要下雨了。
另外，be going to表示将来，不能用在条件从句的主句中;而will则能，表示意愿。
If it is fine,we will go fishing.（正确）
If it is fine,we are going to go fishing.（错误）
(2) 在表示“带有意愿色彩的将来”时常用will。在询问对方是否愿意或者表示客气的命令时用will，多用第二人称。
They will call you when they arrive there.?
他们到后，会给你打电话的。
(3)表示拟定或者计划中的行为或职责、义务用be to do。
We are to meet at the school.?
我们应该在学校集合。
(4)表示即将发生用be about to，不使用表将来的时间状语。
Be quiet,the film is about to begin.?
安静，电影马上就要开始了。
(5)表示安排或者计划好的将来的行为，可用go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词的现在进行时表示一般将来时。
The man is coming here in ten minutes.?
那个人10分钟后要来这儿。?
应用探究
单项填空
(1)—Look at those black clouds,It ______ soon.Let’s go to the room.
—Sure.If only we ______ out.
A.is raining;didn’t
B.is to rain;won’t
C.will rain;haven’t
D.is going to rain;hadn’t been
解析：天要下雨，不是有计划的，B、C两项不可用;答语的第二分句表示后悔，意思是“要是不出来该有多好”，用虚拟语气，故选D项。?
答案：D
(2)I ______ swim when I saw a sign written by the police that meant children under 18 are not allowed to swim without the adults guidance.
A.was about to
B.would
C.was going to
D.was to
解析：本句的主要意思是“正当我要游泳时，我看到了……”。B、C、D三项都表示过去将来时，但A项表示更近的将来，意思是“正要、即将”，所以选A项。?
答案：A
(3)If a man ______ get success in the future,he must devote himself to what he does.
A.will
B.is to
C.is going to
D.should
解析：第一分句的意思是说一个人在将来要成功（可能成功）的话，该如何去做。这里并不是纯粹的表示将来，而且表示一种职责可能会做到，只有B项满足这一含义。故选B项。?
答案：B
美诗欣赏
Beauty
Beauty is in seen
In the sunlight,
The trees,the birds,
Corn growing and people working
Or dancing for their harvest.
2.Good morning,sir,would you please come in?Permit me to lead the way,sir.早晨好，先生，请进。先生，请让我来带路吧。
要点提示:
permit v. 许可，准许;相当于allow。
常有下列用法:permit sb.to do sth.,permit+n./pron./doing。
典型例句:
We don’t permit smoking in the meeting room.?
我们不允许在会议室抽烟。
Will you permit me to buy this kind of books??
你能允许我买这种书吗？
相关链接:
permit也作名词，意为“通行证、许可证”;permission许可。
Do you pass the driving test and get a permit?
你是否通过了驾驶测试并拿到了驾照？
You may have my permission to the church.?
我允许你到教堂去。
填空
填入正确的动词形式?
（1）The lake is a very dangerous for young children,of course I don’t allow anyone ______ (swim).?
(2) We don’t permit ______ (play) basketball in the playground between six and ten in the morning.
(3)Today the patients can have the doctor’s ______ (permit) to go home.
(4)Time _______ (permit),we’ll go to have a picnic at the top of the hill.?
(5)You can’t enter a military base without a _______ (permit).?
答案：（1）to swim (2)playing (3)permission (4) permitting (5)permit
3.As a matter of fact,I landed in Britain by accident.
实际上，我在英国上岸是偶然的。
要点提示:
by accident相当于 by chance，意思是“偶然、无意”。
典型例句:
He was fined for exceeding the speed limit by ?accident?.?
他因无意中超速被罚款。
相关链接:
accident 指意外事故或者偶然发生的事件，一般指不幸的事故，特别是车祸、灾害等。
incident 多指较小事件、小插曲或者人生中所遇到的虽然小但是有较深印象的平凡事情，也可以指外交和政治方面的重大事件。incident也可以为形容词，意思为“常见的;附带的”，后面跟介词to。
event重大的、引人注目的事件。
occurrence 表“事件”，通常指日常生活中发生的出乎意料的事情。例如:
He told me an incident that took place on his first day.?
他告诉我他第一天所发生的事情。
The reporters cover the events every day.?
记者每天采访事件。
单项填空
As is well known to all,head injury is ______ to the motorbike ______.So it is necessary for the motorbike driver to be careful when driving.
A.an incident;incident
B.accident;accident
C.accident;incident
D.incident;accident
解析：在摩托车事故中，常有头部受伤的事发生。incident此处为形容词，意思为“常见的、附带的”;accident 指意外事故，一般指不幸的事故，特别是车祸、灾害等。?
答案：D
完成句子
A:In some big cities during cold winters,many aged people die from the polluted air by chance.
B:In some big cities during cold winters,many aged people die from the polluted air .
答案：by accident
4.Now,if you’ll excuse me,I think I’ll be on my way.
好了，如果原谅我，我想我应该上路了。
要点提示:
excuse v.原谅（人、行为），宽恕，后面跟名词作宾语。
excuse 常有如下用法:excuse+sb./sth.+for doing sth.或者excuse one’s doing sth.。
excuse n.辩解，辩白，借口。后面跟介词for作后置定语。
典型例句:
He made a good excuse for breaking the regulations.
他违反规定，却提出堂皇的理由辩解。
A bad excuse is worse than no excuse.
与其作差劲的辩解，不如不辩解。
I will excuse your hurrying to leave the classroom.
这次我原谅你匆忙离开教室。
The Chinese teacher excused him for being late.=The Chinese teacher excused his being late.
语文老师原谅他的迟到。
Excuse me for hurting your finger by accident.?
原谅我碰巧弄伤了你的手指。
相关链接:
表示“对不起”的几种形式：
Excuse me用于要走开、插话、问候或表示异议的场合;I am sorry表示自己有过失、用于道歉时，比I beg your pardon更灵活，更具有诚意;Please forgive me是书面语，很正式，一般用在对方情绪难以平息的时候。
选择
根据故事语境选择短语:
Excuse me?
I am sorry. Pardon?
(1)An little girl comes to the city for the first time,and she loses her way to the bus station.Luckily she sees a policeman standing on the road.Then she comes near and says，“_____,can you tell me the way to the bus station,please?”
(2)In the shop,an old woman buys eggs.She asks:“What’s the price?” “Four yuan one jin.”says the shop assistant in a low voice.“_____ Please say again,there is something with my ear”.“Four yuan one jin.”the shop assistant says in a so high voice that the other people all watch them two.
(3)Little Jim broke the bottle.An hour later,mother came in and asked “Who did it?”Tom said “_____.It is I who did it.”
答案：(1)Excuse me (2)Pardon? (3)I am sorry
5.I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance.?
我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。
要点提示:
account for对……做出解释；做某事的解释;解释某事物的原因。
典型例句:
Please account for your own behavior.?
请你对自己的行为作出解释。
相关链接:
by/from all accounts 根据大家的说法
make much/little/no account of对……非常重视/轻视/忽视
on account of为……的理由，为……的缘故
on no account决不
take...into account对……加以考虑
介词填空
(1)Recent pressure at work may account ______ his strange behavior.
(2) ______ no account must you be able to give the police an accurate description of the young fellow working in my company.
(3)The late headmaster did not take our basic needs ______ account.
(4)—What a surprise!The train was late.
—You see,it is snowing.The train were delayed on account ______ the snow.
答案：(1)for (2)On (3)into (4)of
6.Mr Adams,not until 2 o’clock.Promise??
亚当斯先生，两点钟以前不要拆信，答应吗？
要点提示:
promise vt.允诺，承诺;预示
典型例句:
He has promised to behave better henceforth.
他答应从今以后要表现得好些。
This year promises to be another good one for ?harvests?.
今年看来又是一个丰收年。
相关链接:
promise n.诺言，预兆，预示
注意:promise表“许诺、诺言”时，是可数名词;表“希望;预兆，预示”时，是不可数名词。promising有希望的。
完成句子
(1)A:I made my promise that I help him no matter what happened.
B:I ______ ______ help him ______ happened.
(2)A:They are a group of writers of promise in this area and they will go to Beijing for the further study.
B:They are a group of ______ writers in this area and they will go to Beijing for the further study.?
答案：(1)promised to;whatever?
(2)promising
7.Well,to be honest,I have none.?
哦，老实说，我一分钱都没有了。
要点提示:
to be honest是不定式，但是有时不定式在句子中作为独立结构出现，用来说明说话人的态度。一般来讲，人们已经把这些不定式作为固定词组、固定搭配来运用。
典型例句:
To be honest,Miss Wang love you all the time even if you desert her.?
坦白说，即使你抛弃王小姐，她仍然一直爱你。
To be honest,he stole your book.
老实告诉你，他偷走了你的书本。
相关链接:
to tell you the truth说句老实话
To tell you the truth,I don’t think the film is good.
说句老实话，我认为这部电影并不好。
to be fair说句公道话
To be fair,it is not all his fault.
说句公道话，这不全是他的错。
to be frank坦率地说
To be frank,you are lying.
坦率地说，你在说谎。
英泽汉
(1)To tell the truth,if you trust him,you will certainly be taken in.
______________________________________________________________________
(2)To be honest,I’d rather you came to do some shopping.tomorrow than today.
______________________________________________________________________
(3)To be fair,it is your bad temper and that caused the terrible quarrel.
______________________________________________________________________
(4)To be frank,try to make use of every opportunity offered to you.
______________________________________________________________________
答案：（1）说句老实话，如果你相信他，你肯定?受骗?。
（2）坦白说，我宁愿你明天而不是今天来买东西。
（3）说句公道话，是你的坏脾气惹的祸。
（4）坦率地说，好好利用你遇到的一切?机会?。
8.Oh,this is silly.?
哎，这太愚蠢了，太可笑了。
要点提示:
silly adj.傻的，愚蠢的
典型例句:
This may sound like a silly question,but what is the point of this exercise?
也许我问得很傻，可是，这种运动有什么意义?
相关链接:
foolish,silly 和stupid
三个词都含有“蠢”之意，但略有不同，概括起来，相当于汉语中的“愚蠢、傻和笨”;其中stupid意思最强，指智力、理解力和学习能力差，虽然有时与前两词通用;silly指头脑简单、傻头傻脑、可笑;foolish最普通，以上几种情况都可以使用，如：
You are foolish to do it.
做这种事是愚蠢的。
完成句子
(1)You ______ child,how lovely you are!
你这傻孩子，多么可爱啊！
(2)He is ______ in learning English.
他学英语很笨。
(3)You are ______ to throw away such a good chance.?
你真蠢，丢掉这么一个好机会。
答案：(1)silly (2)stupid (3)foolish?
谚语
Chiefly the mold of a man’s fortunate is in his own hands,no matter he is clever or silly.
一个人，不管是否聪明，他的命运，主要由他自己创造。
9.It is well-known that many Americans like to eat a lot.Well,we will have to take a chance.?
许多美国人喜欢吃得多，这是大家都知道的。哦，我们要赌一把了。
要点提示:
take a chance冒险
典型例句:
Everyone in the classroom likes to take a chance.
在教室里的每个人都喜欢冒险。
Taking chances give us too much pleasure.
冒险给我们很大的快乐。
相关链接:
要注意下列短语:
by chance偶然地，无意地
leave...to chance将……听天由命
stand a good chance大有希望
take a chance=take chances碰运气，投机
have the chance of...有……的可能性
选择
I _____ a chance to get permission from Mr Wang.For I think there is no chance of in doing it.
A.take;succeed
B.win;succeeding
C.take;succeeding
D.win;succeed
解析：take a chance的意思是“侥幸，冒险去干某事”，a chance of...意思是“有……机会”后跟动名词succeeding，也满足succeeding in doing sth.这一句型，故选C项。?
答案：C?
完成句子
A:How lucky my brother is!He have a chance to visit the most beautiful city in France.
B:How lucky my brother is!He has a chance _____ _____ the most beautiful city in France.
答案：of visiting
10.All right,Horace.I’ll take care of this.?
霍勒斯，行了，这儿由我来照应。
要点提示:
take care of固定短语，照看，照料，处理。
典型例句:
Who is taking care of the dog while you are away?
你不在家时谁照看你的狗。
The secretary always took care of the details.
细节问题总是由秘书处理。
相关链接:
look after;attend to;see to照顾。例如：
Don’t worry,I’ll look after the kids tomorrow.
别担心，明天我照顾孩子。
They are ill,please attend to them for me.
他们病了，请替我照顾他们。
You should get a nurse to see to me instead of you.
你应当找一个护士来替你照看我。
翻译
(1)Who will take care of your daughter while you are away?
___________________________________________________________
(2)You could tell just by looking at the horse that it had been well looked after.
___________________________________________________________
(3)I may be late—I have got one or two things to attend to.
___________________________________________________________
答案：
(1)你不在的时候谁来照顾你的女儿？
(2)你只要看一下这匹马就会知道它得到了精心照料。
(3)我也许会迟到，我有一两件事情要?处理?。
11.We are so glad that you even entered our little ?eating? place.Indeed,sir,I trust that you’ll come here whenever you like.?
我们非常高兴你能走进我们这家小吃店，先生，真的，我相信，您想来的时候，您就会来的。
要点提示:
indeed adv. 真正地，真实地，确实
典型例句:
I am indeed very sorry to know you are blamed.
得知你被谴责，我真的很难过。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难朋友才是真正的朋友。
相关链接:
indeed还有“果然，的确，诚然”之意，常与从句连用。
Indeed he is poor,but he is generous.
他虽然一贫如洗，但是他仍然很慷慨。
I may indeed be lucky to catch him in.
我可能真的很幸运在他家里碰上他。
完成句子
(1)A:I do be happy to hear the news that our team won the first prize.
B:I am ______ happy to hear the news that our team won the first prize.
(2)A:Although he dislikes the student,he teaches him patiently.
B: ______ he dislikes the student,he teaches him patiently.
答案：(1)indeed (2)Indeed?
小幽默
Jim:Has your father bought some nutriment(营养品)to improve your memory?
Tom:Yes.
Jim:Well,and what kind of it?
Tom:Oh,I can’t remember it.
二、句型必背
1.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.?
无论您什么时候想来，您想吃点什么，您就一定要来呀。
要点提示:
whatever pron.有“无论什么”的意思，引导让步状语从句。
典型例句:
Whatever I suggest,he always disagrees.
无论我提出什么建议，他总是不同意。
Don’t give up,whatever you do.?
不论你怎么做都不要放弃。
完成句子
(1)Jack’s dad told him he could have ____________________ for Christmas.
杰克的爸爸告诉他圣诞节他要什么礼物都行。
(2)______ ______ ______/______ my wife said,I decided to buy a new tie to go with this brown suit.
无论妻子说什么，我决定买一个与褐色西装相称的新领带。
答案：(1)Whatever he wanted (2)No matter what/Whatever
2.And it was the ship that brought you to England.?
正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
要点提示:
该句为强调句，其句型结构为“It was+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分”。
典型例句:
John might have bought a new book for Mary yesterday.?
约翰昨天可能为玛丽买了一本新书。?
改为强调句:?
It is John that/who might have bought a new book for Mary yesterday.(强调主语)
It is a new book that John might have bought for Mary yesterday.(强调宾语)
It is for Mary that John might have bought a new book yesterday.(强调目的状语)
It is yesterday that John might have bought a new book for Mary.(强调时间状语)
相关链接:
it作形式主语和it引导的强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构;而 it引导的强调句可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分，无论强调什么成分，都要求用连接词 that（强调人的时候可以用 who，whom）。当强调部分是状语的时候也只能用that，不用when，where，how，why等。
单项选择
(1)As a matter of fact, ______is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A.this
B.that
C.there
D.it
解析：本题考查句型It is+adj.+（for sb.）to do sth.，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式部分，故选D项。
答案：D
(2)It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages ______ attracted the audience’s interest.
A.so that
B.that
C.what
D.in which
解析：本题考查强调句It is+强调部分+that，所以选B 项。?
答案：B
(3)—Wasn’t it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?
?—______.
A.I didn’t know he was
B.Yes,it was?
C.No,he wasn’t
D.Yes,he did?
解析：本对话的第一句是强调句的否定式的一般疑问句，其答语也应该是强调句式的，要么Yes，it was要么No，it was not，故选B项。?
答案：B
3.It would be wrong of me not to trust a gentleman such as yourself,sir,even if you do dress in a rather unusual way.
先生，要是不相信像你这样的绅士，那我就大错特错了，即使你穿着再奇特一些也没有关系。
要点提示:
even if 即使，纵使
典型例句:
Even if Tom has to sell his house,he will support his parents.
即使要卖掉汤姆的房子，他也要赡养他的父母。
相关链接:
even if 与even though 有不同之处:even if 的从句中含有强烈的假定性，而even though则多以此从句的内容为前提,事实性较强。
Even if he is poor,she loves him.(=He may be poor,yet she loves him.)
即使他很穷，她仍然爱他。
Even though he is poor,she loves him.(=He is poor,yet she loves him.)
虽然他很穷，她仍然爱他。?
选择填空
even if even though
(1)My manager may be very rich,yet he is very mean with his money=______ my manager is very rich,he is very mean with his money.
(2)My manager is very rich，yet he is very mean with his money=______my manager is very rich,he is very mean with his money.
答案：(1)Even if (2)Even though?
脑筋急转弯
(1)How do we know the ocean is friendly?
(2)Which can move faster,heat or cold??
答案：
(1)It waves（起波浪，招手?致意?）
(2)Heat,because you can catch cold.（追上冷，患感冒）
三、语法解读
（一）宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语。除谓语动词之后可接宾语从句外，介词、不定式、分词、动名词以及某些形容词的后面也可以带宾语从句。根据关联词性质的不同，宾语从句有如下三类句型:
1.that引导的宾语从句
要点提示:
仅起引导作用，在从句中无句法功能，本身无具体意义，在口语和非正式文体中可省略，不引导介词的宾语从句（except that除外）。
典型例句:
She took it for granted that you knew the matter.?
她想当然地认为你知道那件事。
The teacher recommended that we（should）read the novel.?
老师建议我们读那篇小说。
相关链接:
(1)引导宾语从句的连词that 一般可以省去，但是及物动词后面有两个或者以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词 that 可以省略。例如:
He said (that) the text was very important and that we should write it down.
他说课文非常重要，我们应该写下来。
（2）insist（坚决要求），suggest（建议）,demand（要求）,order（命令）,propose（建议）等词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其结构为“should+动词原形”或省略should，仅用动词原形。
2.whether 或if 引导的宾语从句
要点提示:
从句的意思为“是否……，能否……”,这里的if 从句不可混淆于if（如果，假如）引导的条件状语从句。
典型例句:
Do you know whether/if any decision has been ?arrived? at？?
你知道决定是否已经作出了吗？
相关链接:
（1）whether可构成whether... or not或whether or not...结构，在非正式的场合下，也可能有 if...or not 结构，但没有if or not...结构。?
(2)介词后的宾语从句须用whether引导，不可用 if引导。
3.连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句;连接代词有:who,whom,whose,what,which;连接副词有:when,where,how,why等。
典型例句:
I will tell you why I was late for the meeting.?
我会告诉你我为什么开会迟到了。
相关链接:
（1）宾语从句一律用陈述语序。
（2）若主句的谓语动词是believe,think,guess,imagine,suppose等表示 “认为、猜想”的词（hope除外），一般要把宾语从句中的否定词转移到主句中去，即“否定转移”。
（二）表语从句
?表语从句在复合句中作主语的表语,位于主句系动词之后。
1.that引导的表语从句
要点提示:
其结构为:主语＋系动词＋that从句
典型例句:
The fact is that he didn’t even take the exam.?
事实上是他连考试都没有参加。
What I particularly dislike about this lesson is that it is really boring.
我特别不喜欢这课是因为它的确令人乏味。
2.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句
要点提示:
wh-疑问词引导的表语从句作“This is”和“That is”的表语的时候，它们通常不含有疑问意义，而是分别表示具体的地点、时间、原因、方式等等。
典型例句:
That is why he was late for an hour.
那就是他迟到一个小时的原因。
3.从属连词as if，as though，because，just as引导表语从句
要点提示:
as if,as though,just as 后都可接虚拟语气。
典型例句:
It looks as if we will be late.?
看起来我们似乎会迟到。
He looked just as he had looked ten years ago.
他看起来还和十年前一样。（从句为虚拟语气结构）
相关链接:?
使用表语从句时应注意的问题:
（1）主句的主语是reason时，表语从句要用that，不能用because。例如：
The reason why he was dismissed was that he was careless and irresponsible.
他被开除的原因是他工作马虎，不负责任。
（2）引导表语从句时可以用whether，不能用if。例如：
His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
他的首要问题是汤姆是否已经到达。
单项选择题
（1）(2005年天津卷)Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and
_____ it is rough or smooth.
A./
B.whether
C.how
D.what?
解析：本句的意思是“大象有自己的方法来判断物体的形状，以及它是粗糙还是光滑”。由or也能断定其前面的连词是whether，故选B项。?
答案：B
（2）(2005年全国卷Ⅱ)The poor young man is ready to accepthelp _______ he can get.
A.whichever
B.however
C.whatever
D.whenever
解析：选项中的词在从句中作help的定语，充当形容词，它引导的从句还要作accept的宾语（从句），身兼二职，故而排除A、B 和D三项，选C项。
答案：C
（3）—I think it is going to be a big problem.
—Yes,it could be.
—I wonder _______ all of us can do about it.
A.if
B.how
C.what
D.that
解析：最后一句话的意思是“我不知道对于这个问题我们能做点什么”。选项要作do的宾语，它引导的从句同时还要作wonder的宾语（从句），身兼二职，故而排除A、B 和D三项，选C项。
答案：C
（4）Do you have an idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom?
A.that
B.what
C.as
D.which
解析：本题的意思是“你知道教室里到底正在进行什么活动”，idea之后跟同位语从句，选项引导同位语从句，还要在从句中作主语，身兼二职，只有B项能满足这一要求。
答案：B
（5）Last Sunday morning,my dear brother drove his car down the street at _______ I thought was a very dangerous speed.
A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that
解析：本句的中心结构是“my brother drove his car at a very dangerous speed”。a very dangerous speed 是名词短语，what 在语法上相当于the speed that引起从句，I thought作为插入语。答案是C。?
答案：C
(6)We all remember _______ this sleepless city used to be a deserted place.
A.when
B.how
C.where
D.what
解析：首先从句子结构上看，之后跟宾语从句，从句主系表结构完整，缺少的应是状语，从意义上讲应是时间状语，即我们都记得这座沉睡的城市曾经是一块不毛之地。?
答案：A
(7)Strong will is a kind of quality—and that is _______ it takes to do anything well.
A.what
B.that
C.which
D.why
解析：that is之后跟表语从句，引导词在从句中作it takes的宾语，只有what能满足这一要求，答案为A。
答案：A
(8)—Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
—Oh,that is _______.
A.what makes me feel excited
B.whatever I feel excited about
C.how I feel about it
D.when I feel excited?
解析：that is之后跟表语从句，其意思应是那（昨天的游戏）就是让我格外激动的原因，what makes me feel excited符合这一含义，故答案为A。
答案：A
(9)What the doctor in this hospital really doubt _______ is my mother will cover from the serious disease soon.
A.when
B.how
C.whether
D.why?
解析：本题意思是:医生怀疑我妈妈能否迅速恢复健康，表示能否这一意义要选C项。
答案：C
四、课文浓缩?
下面的一段文章为原文的浓缩，仔细阅读，根据原文章内容将其补充完整，并尽量背诵。
This is a most 1 tale,in the summer of 1903,an American businessman named Henry had some bad luck..He was carried out to sea by a strong wind and was 2 by a ship before giving up.Then he landed in Britain 3 .He earned his 4 by working as an unpaid hand,which 5 his appearance.He was lost in London and no money on him.Nobody knew who he was.
When he came to a restaurant,a servant opened the door and 6 him to lead the way.Henry 7 a lot of food and ate like a wolf.He asked if the restaurant offered him some kinds of work there.To his surprise,they said yes and gave him a letter with money in it.He couldn’t open it until two o’clock.Henry thought this was 8 .In fact,Henry didn’t want 9 but an honest job.He was puzzled at what they did and 10 to open it until two o’clock.?
答案：1.incredible 2.spotted 3.by accident 4.passage 5.accounted for 6.permitted 7.ordered? 8.silly 9.charity 10.promised
