Unit 1 Festivals around the world（必修三）
单元要点预览 （旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out
2. celebrate / congratulate 3. gather / collect 4. award / reward
词形
变化
1. beauty n.美，美丽；美人，
美的东西
beautiful adj. 美的，美丽的 beautifully adv.美丽地；优美地
beautify v.美化，变美
2. religion n. 宗教,信仰
religious adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意
satisfaction n.满意
satisfying adj.令人满意的satisfied感到满意的
4. arrive vi. 到达，到来
arrival n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于
dependent adj.依靠的,依赖的independent
adj.独立的,自主的
dependence n.信赖，依赖independence n. 独立，自立
6. energy n. 活力，精力，
能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地，积极地
7. apologize vi. 道歉，认错
apology n. 道歉，认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的；十分糟
糕的，令人伤心遗憾的
sadly adv. 悲哀地；凄惨地
sadness n.悲哀；悲痛；凄惨
重点
单词
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死
3. belief n. [c,u] 信任；信仰；信心
4. gain vt. 获得；得到 n.[c,u] 收获；获利
5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕
6. permission n.[u] 许可；允许
7. remind vt. 提醒；使想起
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕
重点
词组
1. take place 发生;举行
2. in memory of 纪念；追念
3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰
4. play a trick on对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑
5. look forward to盼望；期待
6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)
7. keep one’ s word 守信用；履行诺言
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气
9. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
重点句子
1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
重点语法
情态动词的两类重要用法：1．表示推测 2．征询意见（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out
【解释】
take place表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。
happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen。
come about表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。
break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。
【练习】根据句子的意思翻译或按要求填词。
1). Great changes have _________ (发生) in our hometown during the past ten years.
2). _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday.
3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her?
4). When the Second World War _________ (爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant.
5). I’ ll never understand how it _________ (发生) that you were late three times a week.
6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year.
答案：1). taken place 2). It occurred to me that 3). happened; to 4). broke out
5). came about 6). occurred / happened
2. celebrate / congratulate
【解释】
celebrate“庆祝”，后面跟某个节日或物。
congratulate“祝贺”，一般搭配为congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.“祝贺某人某事”。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition.
2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will ________ the birth of Jesus.
3). Let’s hold a party to ________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you _______ your passing the examination.
答案： 1). congratulated 2). celebrate 3). celebrate; congratulate; on
3. gather / collect
【解释】
gather 用途较广泛，可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物，如人群的集合，食品、财产、文件、书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起。
collect 强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集，并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排，对某些事物进行逐渐的收集
这两词用不及物动词时用，常可互换，都表 “ 聚集；聚拢 ” 。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). The dustmen ________ the rubbish once a week.
2). A group of people were ________ at the accident spot.
3). She ________ up her scattered belongings and left.
4). So when did you start ________ antique glass?
答案： 1). collect 2). gathering/(collecting) 3). gathered/collected 4). collecting
4. award / reward
【解释】
award n.“奖品”、“奖金”，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive an award for sth.
vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给” award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.
reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a reward
vt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意 reward sb. for sth. / reward sb. with sth.
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest.
2). Is that how you ________ me for my help?
3). The film won an ________ ________ its photography.
答案：1). awarded 2). reward 3). award; for
Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. beauty n.美，美丽；美人，
美的东西
beautiful adj. 美的，美丽的
beautifully adv.美丽地；优美地
beautify v.美化，变美
2. religion n. 宗教,信仰
religious adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意
satisfaction n.满意
satisfying adj.令人满意的satisfied感到满意的
4. arrive vi. 到达，到来
arrival n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于
dependent adj.依靠的,依赖的
independent adj.独立的,自主的
dependence n.信赖，依赖
independence n.独立，自立
6. energy n. 活力，精力，
能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地，积极地
7. apologize vi. 道歉，认错
apology n. 道歉，认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的；十分糟
糕的，令人伤心遗憾的
sadly adv. 悲哀地；凄惨地
sadness n.悲哀；悲痛；凄惨
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). We should respect the ________ (religion) activities of the local people.
2). To the experts’ _________ (satisfy), the sick child had a quick recovery.
3). He is the most _________ (energy) boy I have ever met.
4). Nowadays lots of young people want financial ________ (depend) .
5). Mike was arrested on his ________ (arrive) from New York.
6). You must make an ________ (apologize) to your sister for being so rude.
7). He expressed his ________ (sad) about what had happened.
8). Their house is ________ (beauty) decorated.
答案： 1). religious 2). satisfaction 3). energetic 4). independence
5). arrival 6). apology 7). sadness 8). beautifully
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定
[典例]
1). The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。
2). What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？
3). I mean you to work as our spokesman. 我想请你当我们的代言人。
[重点用法]
(sth.) mean doing sth. 意味着… (sb) mean to do sth. 打算做…
had meant to do sth. 本来打算做某事 be meant for 打算作……用；打算给…
(sth.) be meant to do sth. 被预定/指定/认为做某事 What do／did you mean by...? “你……是什么意思？”
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). Can you tell me what this sentence______ (mean)?
2). Your friendship ______ (mean) a great deal ______ (介词) me.
3). In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ (wait) for another hour.
4). What did he mean ______ (介词) saying that remark?
5). I ______ ______ ______ ______（本来打算来）yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
6). 这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). mean 2). means; to 3). waiting 4). by 5). had meant to come
6).These rooms are meant for the children’s centre.
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死 starvation n.[u] 饿死
[典例]
1). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。
2). I’ m starving; let’ s have a big dinner. 我饿得要死了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。
3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
[重点用法]
starve to death = die of starvation/hunger饿死 starve sb to death 把某人饿死
starve for sth. = be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth. 希望/渴望得到某物
[练习] 用starve的短语的适当形式填空。
1). Thousands of people ________ ________ ________ in Africa.
2). These children are ________ ________ love.
3). The people on the island _______ _______ _______ fresh water since it hadn’t rained for nearly half a year.
Keys: 1). starved to death/died of starvation 2). starving for 3). were starved of
3. belief n. [c,u] 信任；信仰；信心 believe vt.&vi. 相信
[典例]
1). He has great belief in his doctor. 他对那位医生无比信赖。
2). She has lost her belief in God. 她已不相信上帝（不相信真有上帝）。
[重点用法]
have belief in sth/sb 对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief 难以置信
in the belief that... 相信 …… It is my belief that... 我相信……
[练习] 用belief的短语填空。
1). He came to me ________ ________ ________ ________ I could help him.
2). ________ ________ ________ ________ that nuclear weapons are immoral.
3). The cruelty of the murders was ________ ________.
答案：1). in the belief that 2). It is my belief 3). beyond belief
4. gain vt. 获得；得到 n.[c,u] 收获；获利
[典例] 该词有三种含义：
1). 表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西
He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。
2). 表示速度、重量等慢慢增加
He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重增加了。
3).（钟，表）走快
This clock gains five minutes a day. 这只钟每天快5分钟。
[重点用法]
gain experience / fame / independence 获得经验/名望/独立 gain sth. from 从……处获得某物
gain other’ s respect / love / trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任 No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘,一分收获。
5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕 admiration n.[u] 钦佩；羡慕
[典例]
1). I admire your courage and wisdom. 我钦佩你的勇气和智慧。
2). I admired the way she had coped with life. 我钦佩她面对生活的方式。
[重点用法]
admire sb. for sth./ doing sth. 在某方面钦佩某人 in admiration赞美地/钦佩地
[练习] 中译英。
1). 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
__________________________________________________________________________________
2). 所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。
__________________________________________________________________________________
3). 我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). We all admire him for his courage and bravery.
2). All those who knew him admired him for winning the Nobel Prize for chemistry.
3). I watched the girl playing the piano in admiration.
6. permission n.[u] 许可；允许 permit vt. /准许；许可；允许 permit n./许可（证）；执照
[典例]
You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开。
[重点用法]
with/without (one’ s) permission得到允许/未经允许 ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可
give sb. permission to do sth.: permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 have one’ s permission得到某人的同意
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). They entered the area _______ _______ (未经允许).
2). The prison authorities permit _______ (visit) only once a month.
3). We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather _______ (permit).
4). You will need to obtain planning _______ (permit) if you want to extend your house.
答案：1). without permission 2). visiting 3). permitting 4). permission
7. remind vt. 提醒；使想起
[典例]
1). This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
2). I reminded Gerald of his promise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。
3). Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
[重点用法]
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人记住某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that... 提醒某人/使某人想起……
[练习] 中译英。
1). 这些照片使我想起我的童年。
__________________________________________________________________________________
2). 请提醒我要每天服三次药。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). These photos remind me of my childhood.
2). Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day.
Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕
[典例]
1). I’ ll never forgive you! 我永远都不会饶恕你！
2). He asked us to forgive him for what he had done wrong. 他请求我们原谅他的错误。
[重点用法]
forgive sb. (for) sth. 原谅某人的某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). I’ ll never ______ ______ ______ ______ (因你所说的话而原谅你) you said to me.
2). They ______ (forgive) him for his crimes.
3). Forgive my _______ (interrupt) you.
答案：1). forgive you for what 2). forgave 3). interrupting
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. take place vi. 发生;举行
[典例]
1). The football match will take place tomorrow. 足球赛将在明天举行。
2). The accident took place/ happened only a block from my home. 事故发生在离我家仅一个街区远的地方。
[短语归纳]
take the place of (动词短语)代替/取代 in place of (介词短语)代替；交换
take sb’ s place / take the place of sb. 坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务 in the last place 最后
in place 放在原来的位置；适合的，恰当的 out of place不在合适的位置；不适当的
in the first place (列举理由)首先,第一点 in one’s place 处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想
[练习] 用place短语的适当形式填空。
1). A little gratitude would be _______ _______.
2). I’ m at a loss what to do next. What would you do (if you were ) _______ _______ _______?
3). Plastics have _______ _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
4). We use plastics _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
5). While the manager was on holiday, he _______ _______ _______.
答案： 1). in place 2). in my place 3). taken the place of 4). in place of 5). took his/her place
2. in memory of = to the memory of 纪念；追念
[典例]
1). Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。
2). The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那为有名的科学家而建立的。
[短语归纳] in + n. + of 短语：
in honour of 为了纪念……；向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂 in favor of 赞同, 支持
in charge of 负责 in need of 需要 in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有
in place of 代替
[练习] 用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。
1). A monument was set up ______ ______ ______ the dead soldiers.
2). He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业)______ ______ ______his late wife.
3). If you are ______ ______ ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to let me know.
4). In the discussion, I was ______ ______ ______ Mr. Li.
答案：1). in memory/honour of 2). in memory of 3). in need of 4). in favor of
3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰
[典例]
1). Don’ t bother to dress up. Come as you are. 用不著穿讲究衣服－－就穿平常的衣服来吧。
2). We’re supposed to dress (ourselves) up as movie characters for the party. 我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。
[短语归纳] dress短语：
dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装 dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人
be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色) dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣服
[练习] 用dress构成的词组填空。
1). The boy ______ ______ ______ a short pant.
2). He ______ ______ ______ Christmas Father to amuse the children.
3). The kids are too young to ______ ______, so she has to ______ ______ every morning.
答案：1). was dressed in 2). dressed up as 3). dress themselves; dress them
4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑；对某人施计谋
[典例]
The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。
[短语归纳]
play a joke/jokes on sb. = make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
[练习] 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). He was let in by playing a trick _______ (介词) the guard.
2). She hated _______ (play) tricks on in public.
答案：1). on 2). being played
5. look forward to 盼望；期待
[典例]
1). I’m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你。
2). I’ m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。
[短语归纳] 短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式：
lead to导致；通向 object to反对 refer to查阅；提到 stick to粘住；坚持
add to 增加 add up to 总计 compare......to 把……比作 see to 负责，处理
get close to接近；差点 get down to着手做…… get/be used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意……
put an end to 结束，停止 admit to 承认 devote...to 贡献……给；致力于……
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The boy hurried forward ______ (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to ______ (see) it for a long time.
2). The day I had been looking forward to ______ (come).
3). I used to ______ (get) up late, but now I’ m used to ______ (get) up early.
答案：1). to see; seeing 2). came 3). get; getting
6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)
[典例]
1). It’ s time for the meeting, but he hasn’ t turned up. 到开会的时间了，但他还没到。
2). Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news. 请把收音机音量调大, 我想听听新闻。
[短语归纳] turn 短语：
turn on打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等) turn off 关上 turn down减弱，降低，拒绝
turn around/about 转过身来 turn away 转过头
turn out生产，制造；(常与to, that连用)结果是 turn to sb./sth. (for help) 向……求助，查阅
[练习] 用turn词组填空。
1). Don’ t worry. The file is sure to ______ ______.
2). Please ______ the television ______ a bit, I can’ t hear clearly.
3). It ______ ______ that it was Tim who broke the vase.
4). The sad child ______ ______ his mother for comfort.
答案：1). turn up 2). turn; up 3). turned out 4). turned to
7. keep one’ s word (= keep one’ s promise) 守信用；履行诺言
[典例]
He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。
[短语归纳] word短语：
break one’ s word/promise 违背诺言，失信 Word came that… 有消息传来说……
leave word 留言，口信 have/say the last word下结论；说了算
have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话 have words with sb. 与某人争吵
take back one’s words 收回自己说过的话 in other words 换句话说，也就是说
in a/one word 总之，简言之 in words 用文字 beyond words 无法用语言表达
[练习] 用word词组填空。
1). His score was only 53. ______ ______ ______, he failed in the exam.
2). Could I ______ ______ ______ with you, Miss Jones?
3). You’ ll find that she is a girl who always ______ ______ ______.
4). ______ ______ _______, I think he’ s a fool.
答案：1). In other words 2). have a word 3). keeps/breaks her word 4). In a word
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气
[典例]
1). How long can you hold your breath for? 你能屏住呼吸多久?
2). The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope. 杂技演员走钢丝时, 观众都屏住了呼吸。
[短语归纳] breath短语：
(be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气 catch one’ s breath屏住气；歇口气
lose one’ s breath 气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气 get one’ s breath 恢复正常呼吸
waste one’ s breath (on sb/sth)（对某人/某事物）白费唇舌 save one’ s breath不必白费唇舌
[练习] 用breath短语填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ while the results were read out.
2). They won’ t listen, so don’ t ______ ______ ______ telling them.
3). It’ s useless talking to him. You may as well ______ ______ ______.
4). It took us a few minutes to ______ ______ ______ ______after the race.
5). I’ m a bit ______ ______ ______ after my run.
答案：1). held his breath 2). waste your breath 3). save your breath 4). get our breath back 5). out of breath
8. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
[典例]
1). What time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天几点钟启程?
2). The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people. 恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了六个人。
[短语归纳] set短语：
set off for a place 出发到某地 set about doing sth开始（某工作）；着手做某事
set out 从某地出发上路 set out to do sth. 开始做某事
set sth up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立 set sth aside 将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留钱或时间
[练习] 用set词组填空。
1). The new government must ______ ______ finding solutions to the country’ s economic problems.
2). The children ______ ______ the fireworks in the yard.
3). She ______ ______ a bit of money every month.
4). They ______ ______a statue in honor of the national hero.
5). They’ ve ______ ______ on a journey round the world.
答案： 1). set about 2). set off 3). sets aside 4). set up 5). set off/out
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。
[解释] as though / as if “好像”, 引导表语从句和方式状语从句：
1). 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened．她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。
当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词be时, 可把主语和be一起省去。
He looked about as though (he was) in search of something．他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。
2). 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’ s going to rain．看样子天要下雨了。
3). as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好象她是个大人。
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The pencil looks as if it _______ (break) with half of it in the glass of water.
2). Li Ming speaks English very well as though he ______ (be) an Englishman.
3). It seems as if our team ______ (be) going to win.
4). He talks about pyramids as though he ______ (see) them himself.
答案： 1). were broken 2). were 3). is 4). had seen
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 很明显咖啡店老板在等着李方离开。
[解释] It is/was + adj./n./p.p. + that-clause 结构：
It was obvious/clear that …= obviously/ clearly, … “很明显……，显而易见……”
It is necessary/ important/ strange/ natural + that + sb. should do
It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder + that + sb. should do
It is said/believed/reported/announced/expected/… + that …
[练习] 翻译句子。
1). 真奇怪，这么重要的会议，他居然缺席。
___________________________________________________________________________________
2). 显然，你错了。
___________________________________________________________________________________
3). 他竟然向我们撒慌，真是可耻。
___________________________________________________________________________________
4). 据报道，双方的会谈有进展。
___________________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). It was strange that he should have been absent from such an important meeting.
2). It is obvious that you are wrong. / Obviously, you’ re wrong.
3). It was a shame that he should have lied to us.
4). It is reported that the talks between the two sides are making progress.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
There are all kinds of celebrations 1 （遍及）the world. Different countries have different festivals. Festivals of the Dead are held to honour the 2 (death) or to satisfy the ancestors. Festivals can also 3 (hold) to honour famous people. In China, the Dragon Boat Festival honours the famous 4 （古代的） poet, Ou Yuan. The most energetic and important 5 （节日 ）are Spring Festivals 6 look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in 7 , people eat such things 8 dumplings, fish, and meat and give children lucky money in red paper. Some western countries have very 9 (excite) carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in 10 （二月） .
答案： 1. throughout 2. dead 3 be held 4. ancient 5. festivals 6. which 7. China
8. as 9. exciting 10. February
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。
文章告诉了我们世界各地五种重要节日并解释了人民为什么，在何时以及如何举行各种活动来庆祝这些节日。
The passage tells us ____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The passage tells us five kinds of important festivals throughout the world and explains why, when and how people hold different kinds of activities to celebrate them.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】．At that time people would starve if（when）food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿
[模仿要点]句子结构： when/ if +从句 ， especially + 强调
【模仿1】在我们遇到麻烦时他总是乐于帮助我们，尤其是在我们在英语学习中遇到困难时。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：He is always ready to help us when we are in trouble, especially when we come across some difficulties in our English studies
2【原句】．Today's festivals have many origins, some religions, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。
[模仿要点] 句子结构：“一些…，一些…”表达
【模仿】我非常荣幸有机会和这么多优秀的同学一起学习，有些非常热心，有些非常勤奋，有些非常善良。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is an honor for me to have the chance to study with so many excellent/ good students, some warm-hearted , some diligent and some kind.
3【原句】 India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：逗号＋同位语＋定语从句
【模仿】我忘不了布朗夫人，她是我的英语老师，在我感到沮丧的时候她总是鼓励我挑战自己。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：I will never forget Mrs Brown, my English teacher who always encouraged us to challenge myself when I was disappointed.
4 【原句】The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：…are the ones ＋ 定语从句
【模仿】最有经验最有益的老师是那些不仅教给知识的人而且还是教你如果获取知识的人
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The most experienced and helpful teachers are the ones who can not only offer us knowledge but also tell us the way how to gain knowledge.
5【原句】 The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：分词作定语covered with …插入 looks as if /as though
【模仿】他的房间到处都是各种不同的图书，看上去仿佛是个小图书馆。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：His room, filled with all kinds of books here and there, looks as if it is a small library.
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：202
完成时间：14分钟
难度：***
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled( 推动，迫使) by some unseen 1 to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. 2 a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very 3 that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits. Children often form __ 4 habits, some of which remain with them as 5 as they live. Older persons also form bad habits, and sometimes become ruined by ___6 .
There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great 7 . Many successful men say that much of their success has 8 to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and thoroughness(彻底性).
Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on, these are all 9 formed habits. Unfortunately older persons often form habits which ought to have been __10
We ought to keep from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others.
1. A. action B. courage C. force D. energy
2.A. For B. Once C. Because D. If
3. A. possible B. important C. useful D. helpful
4. A. good B. useless C. bad D. unchangeable
5. A. far B. soon C. long D. early
6. A. themselves B. them C. one D. oneself
7. A. help B. harm C. uselessness D. hardness
8. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
9. A. possible B. hardly C. difficult D. easily
10. A. forgotten B. remembered C. kept D. avoided
答案：
1.C 根据句意，此空是说“被一种无形的力量驱使”所以应该用force，选C。
2. B 这句意思是说“一旦形成习惯就很难摆脱”。
3. B “因为习惯一旦形成很难改变，所以我们养成一种什么样的习惯是非常重要的”，根据上下的逻辑，这里应该选用important。
4. C 根据后面“Older persons also form bad habits”，得知这里应该选C。
5. C “as long as they live”在文中表示这样的坏习惯会伴随他们一生。
6. B “老人有时候会被坏习惯毁灭”，这里应该填一个代词指代前面的坏习惯，所以用them。
7. A 这句话承上启下，上文讲了坏习惯给人带来的影响，这里讲好习惯对人很有帮助。
8. C “成功与好习惯有很大关系”，与…有关是have something to so with…。
9. D 这里应该填一个副词，所以首先排除A和C，根据意思，是说这些坏习惯是很容易形成的，故D是正确的。
10. D “避免形成这样的习惯”，句子用的是被动语态，所以用avoided是正确的。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。
字数：192
完成时间：9分钟
难度：***
Christ child Market is a pleasant festival for children in Kitchener, Canada. My husband, my daughter and I attended 1 this year.
As we walked through Victoria Park, I breathed in the fresh smell of winter. The bare branches of the trees were shining with Christmas lights 2 the new-fallen snow. In the open areas were children, parents, grandparents and their relatives, 3 smiling as they held their can dies in their hands and waited 4 (patience) for the magic event to begin.
As we joined the crowds, we quickly forgot about that COM, for I saw the excitement of the children and the 5 (welcome) smiles of the people around me. Soon the crowd moved to Kitchener City Hall. In the distance we could see all the officials 6 (wait) for us. At the center of the square, the summertime fountain had turned to ice, 7 young children were playing about.
8 the crowds walking into the square, the opening ceremony began: songs, dances and 9 performances. Then the Christmas lights on the Christmas tree were turned 10 , causing everyone to cheer with delight. Christ child Market officially opened!
[语法填空]
作者在本文中主要介绍了自己参加加拿大的一个儿童节日的经历。
1.it 前面提到Christ child Market这个节日，这里缺少宾语，用it。
2.against against在这里是“以……为背景；衬托”的意思。在新雪的衬托下，树木光秃秃的 树枝在圣诞节的灯光中熠熠生辉。
3.all 前面提到children, parents, grandparents and their relatives，那么他们所有的人都在微笑， 用all指代他们所有人。
4.patiently patience的副词形式是patiently。
5.welcoming welcoming的意思是“热情的，欢迎的，友好的”。
6. waiting see sb. doing表示“看见某人正在做……”
7. where where关系副词在从句中作状语表示前面的at the center of the square。
8. With with在这里表示“随着……”
9. other 前面提到唱歌，跳舞，那么这里就是其他节目。
10. on 圣诞树上的圣诞灯被打开了，turn on固定搭配。
3.信息匹配
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
以下是演讲会的资料：
A
Are you interested in “Dream of the Red Mansion”(Hong Lou Meng)? Listen to a lecture on this classical novel.
Venue: National Museum of Chinese Modern Literature (Beijing)
Time: 9:30 A.m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 84615522
B
“Jiaguwen” is among the oldest pictographic characters in the world．How much do you know about it? Get all the answers at this free lecture.
Venue: Dongcheng District Library (Beijing)
Time: 9:00 A．m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 64013356
C
Former United Nations interpreter Professor Wang Ruojin speaks about her experiences at the UN and shares her understanding of the cultural differences between East and West.
Venue: National Library of China (Beijing)
Time: 1:30 p.m. – 4:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 68488047
D
Qi Baishi, one of China’s greatest modern painters, was also a poet, calligrapher(书法家) and seal-cutter(刻印者). Can you appreciate his works? Then come to spend the time with us.
Venue: Beijing Art Academy
Time: 9:00 A．m. – 11:00 A．m.
Price: 10 yuan
Tel: 010 - 65023390
E
It is the year of the Dog, and you can see “Fu” everywhere. But how much do you know about dogs – man’s best friend? What is “Fu” and where does it come from? Why do people hang “Fu” character upside down on the door? Get all the answers from this free lecture.
Venue: Capital Library (Beijing)
Time: 2:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 - 67358114
F
About 160 cultural relics from Guangdong, Macao and Hong Kong are on display to April 15th. Meanwhile experts will talk about the important roles these three cities have played in the past two thousand years of Sino–Western exchanges.
Venue: Beijing Art Museum
Time: 2:00 p. m. – 5:00 p. m.
Price: 20 yuan, students 10 yuan
Tel: 010 - 83659337
以下是想去听演讲的人员的基本信息，请匹配适合他们的演讲内容。
1. Alice is now studying in Beijing University, and she is especially interested in Chinese writing. In her spare time she enjoys drawing, writing poems and is fond of sharing her pieces with her classmates.
2. Simon comes from Egypt. He is now studying in Beijing Art Academy. He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters. Now he wants to know much about it.
3. Lora and Peter, visiting professors from Australia, are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture. At weekends they like to call on Chinese families to learn about Chinese festivals as well as their history.
4. Edward is a senior student in Beijing Foreign Language University. He likes traveling very much and has made up his mind to work as an interpreter for some joint–venture enterprises (合资企业).
5. Steve and Mark are both studying in the Chinese Department of China’s Renmin University. They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
答案：
1. D 由演讲中的信息：a poet, calligrapher, and seal-cutter；对应想去听演讲的人员的基本信息：Chinese writing, drawing, writing poems。
2. B 由演讲中的信息：Jiaguwen, the oldest pictographic characters in the world, Chinese ancient characters。对应想去听演讲的人员的基本信息：He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters.
3. E 由演讲中的信息：the year of the Dog, see “Fu” everywhere, Chinese festivals as well as their history。对应了想去听演讲的人员的基本信息they are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture.
4. C 由演讲中的信息：interpreter, the cultural differences between East and West。对应 work as an interpreter for some joint–venture enterprises
5. A 由演讲中的信息：Dream of the Red Mansion(Hong Lou Meng), Chinese ancient literature。对应They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
4.基础写作
在当今世界，了解最新信息是很关键的。请你结合下面的提示，写一篇关于信息的短文。
信息的重要性
1．在许多领域，成功与否取决于是看得到最新信息
2．失败与缺乏信息有关
信息的来源渠道
1．阅读报刊、收听广播、观看电视等
2．上网查询资料
信息的前景
信息将起着越来越重要的作用
(写作要求)
1．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文，使用必要的连接词。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
In the modem world, it is important to be well informed, because success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. While, failure often results from the lack of necessary information.
There are many ways of getting information. For example, we read newspapers and news magazines, listen to the news on the radio, watch it on television, and we can also surf the Internet for various kinds of information.
It is believed that information will play a more and more important part in the future.
必修III--Unit I知识点
III---1 Festivals around the world
一、知识点
1.Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year. 节日是用来庆祝一年的重要时光的。 I believe he is meant to be a soldier.
我相信他天生是要当军人的。
2. Discuss when they take place and what people do at that time.
take place
发生，举行
take the place of
代替，替代
3. the beauty of the full moon 满月的美
4. watch the full moon with family and friends
和家人、朋友一起看满月
5. Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上给人们提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。
to return to London 回到伦敦
Return the book to the library. 把书归还给图书馆。
On my return from work, I saw the door was open. 我下班回家时，看见门开着。
6. …go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors…….去上坟、扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。
This musem was built in memory of the great writer -Lu Xun.
博物馆是纪念伟大作家鲁迅而建造的。
7. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. 在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃颅骨形状的食品和装点有骨头的蛋糕。
8. dress up 乔装打扮
He is dressed very well.他穿得很漂亮。be dressed in white 穿着白衣服a well [finely] dressed lady 衣着漂亮[讲究]的妇女
Dress yourself quickly.你快点穿衣服。
care much about dress讲究衣着
a summer dress夏装
9. play a trick on sb 作弄某人
The children played a trick on their teacher.
孩子们捉弄了他们的老师。
He tricked me into giving him the money.
他哄骗我给了他钱。
10. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agriculture work is over. 人们心怀感激因为越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了。
I am grateful to you for helping me.
感谢你的帮助。
Our grateful thanks are due to you. 我们衷心感谢你。
11. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, …有些人还可能因为他们的农产品而获奖……
The school awarded Merry a prize (for her good work). 学校（因为她工作好而）奖励了梅丽。
awarded prizes to the winners. 给优胜者授予奖品
He was awarded the gold medal for being the fastest runner.
他跑得最快,因而获得了金牌。
12. admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes 赏月、品尝月饼
We all admired her for the way she saved the children from the fire.
她把孩子们从大火中救出来,我们都钦佩不已。
We all admired at his sudden success. 他的突然成功使我们感到惊讶。
13. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。
The more the young students worked, the more energetic they became. 这些年青学生们越干越有劲。
14. give children lucky money in red paper 给红纸包着的压岁钱
15. a little later 晚一点儿
Later
But some time later it began to rain. 但过了些时候开始下雨了。
no later than 不迟于 sooner or later 迟早later on 后来，以后
I'll tell you all about it later on. 晚些时候我再把有关这一切告诉你。
Latter
Of the two the latter is far better than the former. 两者中后者比前者好得多。
Latest
the latest news最近的消息
the latest fashion最新式样
Least
He was the one who did the least of the work and got the most of the money.
他就是那个做活最少而拿钱最多的人。
at least起码
He's going away for atleast a week.他起码一星期出去一次。
at the least至少，最少
not in the least 一点也不
16. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. 人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。
17. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while. 节日让我们享受生活，让我们为自己的习俗而自豪，还可以暂时忘掉工作。
18. Today, of course, many people celebrate Christmas as though it were just a holiday to have fun with family, rather than a holiday about a belief. 当然，人们今天庆祝圣诞节好像是一家人欢聚的节日，而不是一个信仰的节日。
These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty. 这双鞋不好看，但是舒服。
American young people would rather get advice from strangers. 美国的年轻人宁可从陌生人那里获取咨询。
We would rather receive money than the usual gifts. 我们宁可接受钱而不希望受到通常的礼物。
I'd rather go to the movies. 我宁愿去看电影
I would rather you come tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。
He's my friend, or rather he was my friend.
他是我的朋友，不过更确切地说，他曾经是我的朋友
19. Could you show me the way to Beihai Park? 你能告诉我去北海公园的路么？
20. When you eat fish you must be careful with bones.吃鱼的时候要当心鱼刺。
Be careful not to fall off the ladder. 当心别从梯子上掉下来。
You must be careful crossing the road. 你过马路一定要当心。
21. You want to invite your friend to come to a party. 你想邀朋友去参加一个晚会。
She invited us to her party. 她邀请我们参加她的聚会。
Questions are invited. 欢迎提问。
22. ask sb for permission to do sth. 要某人同意做某事
ask for permission
请求许可
without permission未经许可, 擅自
You have my permission to leave.
你可以走了。
23. make a phone call 打电话
24. Hold /Hang on, please. 请别挂断。
25. Don’t mention it. 不用客气，不用谢，没关系，不用介意
26. It is a pleasure. 很荣幸。
27. turn up 到场，出现
28. She could be with her friends right now laughing at him.也许她这会跟朋友在一起，正在取笑他呢。
29. …he thought she would keep her word. 他认为她会守信用的。
Can I have a word with you? 我能和你说几句话吗？
In a word, the situation is serious.总而言之，形势很严峻
No word has come from the battle front. 前线还没有消息传来。
I give you my word that I will return. 我向你保证我会回来的。
The boy kept his word.那孩子信守诺言。
eat one's words
承认说错了话
have words
吵嘴；争论
in other words 换句话说
word for word 逐词地；原原本本地
Tell me what she said, word for word. 把她说的一五一十地告诉我。
30. He had looked forward to meeting her all day…他一整天都期盼着见到她……
31. …he wasn’t going to hold his breath for her to apologize. He would drown his sadness in coffee. 他不想屏息等她来道歉，他要用咖啡来解愁。
catch one's breath
屏息；歇一口气
hold one's breath
屏息
take one's breath away 目瞪口呆；大为惊讶
be short of breath
上气不接下气
He drew in a breath of fresh country air.
他吸一口农村新鲜空气。
There is not a breath of wind.
一点风也没有。
I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.
我因踩了她的脚而向她道歉。
drown one's cares in wine 以酒解忧
be [get] drowned淹死, 溺死
drown oneself投水(自杀)
He drowned himself in work.他埋头工作。
32. It was obvious that …很明显……
It is obvious that she is very clever.
很明显，她挺聪明。
33. fall in love 坠入爱河，爱上，喜欢
34. get married 结婚
be married to …嫁给…
35. Magpies make a bridge of their wings …喜鹊展翅搭桥
He made a model plane out of wood.
他用木头做了一架模型飞机。
36. set off for home 动身往家走
37. I don’t want them remind me of her. 我不想因他们想起她来。
Remind me to write to Mother. 提醒我给妈妈写信。
38. As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a voice calling him. 在回家路上，他神情失落地走过拐角处的一家茶馆，听到有人叫他的名字。
39. There was Hujin waving at him and calling, “ …I’ve been waiting for you for a long time.”那是胡瑾在向他招手，她喊到“……我一直在这儿等你好久了。”
40. Think of an ending to the story that will solve the problem. 考虑一个解决这个问题的故事的结尾。
二、练习
一）单词拼写
1.Many children s________ to death in Africa because of the lack of food.
2. Think about the misforture of others and you may be s_____ with your own lot.
3.On his a_______, he was greatly welcomed by his fans.
4. The colour of our n________ flag is red with five yellows stars on it.
5. When a boy leaves college and begins to earn money he can live a life of i_______.
6. At the beginning of the year, farmers usually have a lot of a__________ work to do.
7. The c________ of some European countries are quite different from ours
8. He is such a h_______ boy that many girls a_______ him.
9. It gives the old man great pleasure to meet these e_____ young people.
10. Without the teacher's p__________, you cannot play with the computer in our class.
11. He managed to save the d________ girl, which was praised by many people.
12. He cheated her, which she would never f_______
二）翻译句子
1. 这场误会引起了两国之间的一场战争。
2. He used to be a spy in the shape of a journalist.
3. 别开我的玩笑。
4. He ended the letter with “Look forward to seeing you soon”.
5. 父母为孩子的成功而感到骄傲。
6. What time are you planning to set off tomorrow?
7. 一周前，爸爸买了一颗用彩灯装饰的圣诞树。
8. We have never discovered what took place between the couple that day.
三）单项选择
1. This drawing is _____ to show the different shares each company takes up in the market.
A. decided B. determined C. meant D. remained
2. Dieting (节食) also means __________ careful about which foods you buy.
A. being B. to be C. having been D. /
3. People ______ round, curious to know what was happening.
A. collected B. gathered C. selected D. elected
4. Students can_________valuable experience by working on the campus radio or magazine.
A. gain B. study C. win D. award
5. People usually __________ stamps from the country where they live.
A. gather B. collect C. pick D. buy
6. The doctors tried every cure they can __________ to save the patient.
A. think over B. think about C. think on D. think of
7. He is neither______ European, nor______ American. He is from______ Australia.
A. a; a; / B. a; an; the C. a; an; / D. an; an; /
8. The boy had no other choice but ______ the woman ______ breaking the window.
A. to apologize to; for B. to apologize; for
C. apologizing for; to D. to apologize for; for
9. We always keep ________ spare paper, in case we run out.
A. too much B. a number of C. plenty of D. a good many
10. The day everyone had been looking forward to __________ at last.
A. coming B. came C. has come D. will come
11. Beckworth shook his head __________ to say “Don't trust her.”
A. unless B. until C. even though D. as though
12. Traditionally, people make cakes __________ chicken, duck, tortoise, pig, cow or sheep with rice flour to celebrate the festivals.
A. in memory of B. in honour of C. in the shape of D. in the name of
13. I am sure something better will __________, but nobody believes me.
A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on D. turn off
（一）
1. starved 2. satisfied 3. arrival 4. national
5. independence
6. agricultural 7. customs,
8. handsome admire 9. eneregetic,
10.permission 11. drowning
12. forgive
（二）
1. This misunderstanding led to a war between the two countries.
2. 他过去曾经是以记者身份出现的间谍。
3. Don’t play a trick on me.
4. 他以“期盼见到你”作为这封信的结束。
5. The parents were proud of their child’s success.
6. 你计划明天什么时候启程？
7. Father bought a Christmas tree decorated with coloured lights a week ago.
8. 我们从没发现那天那两口之间发生了什么。
（三）
CABAB
DCACB
DCA
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
Ｉ． 单元教学目标
技能目标Goals
▲ Talk about festivals and celebrations
▲ Talk about the ways to express request and thanks
▲ Learn to use Modal verbs
▲ Write a similar story with a different ending
II． 目标语言
功
能
句
式
Talk about festivals:
*Festivals are meant to celebrate important events.
*What’s your favorite holiday of the year?
*What festivals or celebrations do you enjoy in your city or town?
*Do you like spending festivals with your family or with your friends?
*What part of a festival do you like best——the music, the things to see, the visit or the food?
*Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere.
*They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty.
*Some festivals are held to honor the dead or satisfy and please the ancestors.
*Festivals can be held as an honor to famous people or the gods.
*The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
*Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
Request:
Could/Would you please...?
Could I have ...?
Could we look at...?
I look forward to ....
May I see...?
Thanks
It’s very kind of you ...
Thank you very much/Thanks a lot.
I’d love to.
It was a pleasure...
Don’t mention it.
You are most welcome.
词 汇
1. 四会词汇
Beauty harvest celebration starve origin religious ancestor Mexico feast bone belief trick poet arrival gain independence gather agriculture award rooster admire energetic Easter clothing Christian custom worldwide fool permission parking apologize drown sadness obvious wipe weep remind forgive
2. 认读词汇
Obon, incense, skull, Halloween, carnival, lunar, parade, Jesus, Trinidad, Valentine, weave, herd, the Milky Way, magpie
3. 固定词组
take place, in memory of, dress up, play a trick, look forward to, day and night, as though, have fun with, turn up, keep one’s word, hold one’s breath, set off , remind…of
4. 重点词汇
starve, satisfy, lead, gather, admire, apologize, drown, wipe, weep, forgive
语
法
Modal verbs: may/ might, can/ could, will/ would, shall/should, must/ can
▲ They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. P1
▲ Some festivals are held to honor the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. P2
▲ Festivals can be held as an honor to famous people or the gods.
III. 教材分析与教材重组
1. 教材分析
本单元以节日为话题，介绍古今中外节日的种类、由来、意义以及人们的活动和习俗，旨在通过本单元的学习使学生不但了解我国的节日，而且对外国的节日也有所了解，进而拓展社会文化背景、增加跨国文化知识；使学生复习和巩固运用请求和感谢的表达法，掌握情态动词的用法；并尝试根据阅读的文章写一个不同的结局，能表达自己的观点和想法。
1.1 Warming Up 旨在通过表格引导学生讨论并列举出五个我国节日的日期、庆祝内容和民俗。可以刚刚过去的春节为话题导入对节日的讨论；使他们由自己的经历谈起，扩展到别的节日以及外国的重要节日，激发学生的兴趣，激活他们关于节日的背景知识，为本单元的学习做准备。
1.2 Pre-reading是Reading 的热身活动。主要通过两个问题引导学生思考并讨论自己最喜欢的节日及欢度方式，进而了解学生对节日的认识，以便为阅读作好铺垫。
1.3 Reading 的五篇小短文分别介绍古代节日、亡灵节、纪念名人的节日、丰收节、春天的节日等，使学生了解各种节日的由来及其存在的意义。此部分载有Festivals的重要信息，还呈现了大量的词汇和主要的语法---情态动词的用法。处理时应作为重点、整体处理，通过上下文来教词汇、语法，并引导学生分析长句、难句和复杂句。
1.4 Comprehending是考察对阅读内容的进一步理解。
练习一：六个问题让学生对文章内容有浅层理解并考察课文细节，但又不能仅仅拘泥于课文，要引导学生理解课文内容的基础上联系现实生活。
练习二：要求学生讨论哪些节日是最重要的，哪些是最有趣的，以表格的形式检查学生对所读节日的理解，并训练他们举一反三的归纳和推理能力。
练习三：要求学生找出各种节日共有的三件事，然后讨论为什么这些事对各地的人们都很重要。这就要求学生不仅要温习文章内容而且要结合实际，阐述自己的想法，挖掘学生的思维能力和语言表达能力。
1.5 Learning about Language 分词汇和语法两部分。其中Discovering useful words and expressions是本单元单词的英文释义练习和用文章中的词汇的适当形式填空；Discovering useful structures 是以文章内容为载体在语境中练习语法，掌握情态动词。由此可以看出本教材已明显地由结构为特征的传统语法训练转变到以交际功能为特征的功能语法训练，充分体现了新教材话题、功能、结构相结合的特点。
1.6 Using Language 是英语听说读写的全面运用的练习。
1.6 ① Listening 是课文的延伸，通过听几位学生参加Trinidad Carnival 节日游行的两段对话，使学生体会参加节日游行的真实情景，既训练听力一通过问题训练了他们的分析能力。
1.6 ② Speaking 分为两部分。第一部分通过电话突出交际用语功能的训练；第一部分让学生编对话，可以按自己的想象、经历为内容，训练思维和表达能力。
1.6 ③ Reading 是发生在情人节的一个令人伤心的爱情故事，其中又插入了一个“七巧节”的故事。阅读后的讨论不仅帮助学生理解文章主旨大意，更重要的是让学生学会寻求解决问题的方法。
1.6 ④ Writing 的任务是写一个与文章结尾不同的结局。旨在让学生通过思考写出自己的想法，尝试自己解决问题。
总之，通过本单元的系统学习，让学生了解世界各国的节日及民俗，学习有关节日的词汇，并能够丰富语言知识，提升用英语表达观点的能力。
2. 教材重组
2.1 口语 从话题内容和功能上分析Warming Up 与Workbook中的Listening和Talking相一致，旨在启发学生讨论、思考并引出本单元关于节日的话题，可以整和成一节任务型“口语课”。
2.2精读 可将Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending三个活动整和成一节“阅读课”。
2.3语言学习 将Learning about Language与Workbook中的Using words && expressions Using structures结合在一起，上一节“语言学习课”。
2.4听力 可将Using language中的 Listening与Workbook中 Listening和Listening task放在同一节课中处理，上一堂 "听力课"。（Using language中的 Speaking可视听力时间而定，可课上处理亦可留做课下作业下堂课提问。）
2.5. 泛读 可将Using Language中的Reading &&Writing和Workbook中的Reading Task上成一节 "泛读课"。
2.6 复习、写作 可将Workbook中的Speaking Task 和Writing Task 上成一节复习写作课。（Workbook中的Project && checking yourself, 可视学生水平安排在本堂课或留做作业。）
3. 课型设计与课时分配 (经分析教材, 本单元可以用六课时教完。)
1st period Speaking
2nd period Reading
3rd period Learning about Language
4th period Listening
5th period Extensive Reading
6th period Writing && Consolidation
IV. 分课时教案
The First Period Speaking
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
take place, lunar, festivals, Army Day, Christmas, dress up
b. 交际用语
Express one’s opinion:
In my opinion, ...
I believe ...
I think that ...
Expressions used in the shops:
Would you like...? Could I have...?
Might I offer help...? May I see...?
You should try...? Could we look at...?
Can you suggest...? We might take...?
2. 能力目标
Enable the students to talk about Chinese festivals and customs in English and get to know some information about foreign festivals.
3. 学能目标
Enable the students to learn how to talk about Chinese festivals and customs.
Teaching important points 教学重点及难点
How to talk about the Chinese festivals and social customs at festivals and how to offer and request the items you need in shops.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Elicitation, discussion, listening, pair work.
Teaching aid 教具准备
A computer, a projector and a tape recorder
Teaching procedures && ways 教学过程与方法
Step I Leading in
T: Hello, everybody! Welcome back to school! Did you have a good time in your winter holidays?
Ss: Yes. Of course!
T: When did you feel most happy and excited?
Ss: At the Spring Festival.
T: Who can tell us why? Volunteers!
S1: Because it’s the most important festival in our country.
S2: Because I got much lucky money from my parents,
grandparents and my relatives.
S3: Because I needn’t study at festivals and there was lots of delicious food to eat. How great!
S4: Because I met my cousins and old friends who I hadn’t seen for a long time and we had a very good time together.
T: Excellent work! I am glad to hear that. Now let’s talk about FESTIVALS, which are meant to celebrate important events. Please think about other Chinese festivals.
S1: New Year (January 1st), Yuan Xiao Festival (15 days after the Spring Festival).
T: Quite right. That’s the Lantern Festival. It’s the 15th day of the first lunar month. What do you usually do on the Lantern Festival?
S2: We eat special sweet dumplings called Yuan Xiao and enjoy displayed lanterns.
S3: And we enjoy beautiful fireworks, too.
T: You have done a good job. What are the other festivals?
S4: International Women’s Day. It was on March 8.
S5: Arbor Day on March 12th.
S6: International Labor Day and Chinese Youth Day.
S7: International Children’s Day.
T: Yes. Very good. Next one?
S8: Army Day is on August 1st and Teachers’ Day is on September 10th.
S9: National Day on October 1st.
T: Excellent work! Those are all the legal holidays in our country. Do you know our traditional festivals? List some of them, please.
Sa: The most important one is the Spring Festival.
T: Yes. It’s also called Lunar New Year. Anything else?
Sb: Qingming Festival in memory of the dead or the heroes on April the fifth.
T: It’s called Tomb Sweeping Festival. Another one?
Sc: Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in memory of the great poet — Qu Yuan.
Sd: Mid-Autumn Festival on the fifth day of the eighth lunar month.
T: You’ve done a good job, boys and girls! You have named many festivals. I’m proud of you for you are so well-informed.
Step II Warming up
T: Look at the screen and I’ll show you a table and some pictures:
Festivals
Date
Festivals
Date
New Year
January 1st
Teachers’ Day
September 10th
International
Women’s Day
March 8
National Day
October 1st
Arbor Day
March 12th
the Spring
Festival
Lunar New Year
International Labor Day
May 1st
Pure Brightness Day
April the fifth
Chinese Youth Day
May 4th.
Dragon Boat Festival
the fifth day of the fifth lunar month
International Children’s
Day
June 1st
Mid-Autumn
Festival
the 5th day of the 8th lunar month
Army Day
August 1st
Lantern
Festival
the 15 day of the 1st lunar month
Talking (P41)
Use the following sentences:
When does the Spring Festival usually take place?
What do you do to celebrate it?
What special food do you eat?
What is the origin of the Spring Festival?
Why is the Spring Festival such a big holiday in China?
Li Mei and Carla are talking on the phone. Carla is asking some more
questions about Spring Festival.
A: Li Mei, when does the Spring Festival usually take place?
B: Well, the date is a little different every year, but it usually happens at the end of January or the beginning of February.
A: What do you usually do to celebrate it?
B: My whole family gets together- my grandparents, all my aunts and uncles, and all my cousins. We usually talk about what we’ve done in the past year. Then we cook a lot of food.
A: What special food do you eat?
B: We almost always make and eat dumplings. That’s the most traditional Spring Festival food.
A: What is the origin of Spring Festival?
B: Well, there are several old stories about Spring Festival. In old Chinese stories, there was a monster named Nian who would come into towns at the end of the year and frighten people. Sometimes he would eat them.
At some point, people discovered that the monster Nian was frightened of loud noises and the colour red. They began to put red paper on their doors and set off firecrackers. It became the tradition to do this every year to frighten the monster away from the town.
A: Wow! That’s an amazing story! Why is
Spring Festival such an important holiday in China?
B: I guess it’s like Christmas in Western countries. It’s the most important family holiday all year.
Homework
Collect as much information about festivals as possible. Think about the questions in Part 2 “pre-reading” and then preview the next part about reading to get the main idea.
Step III Listening (WB P41)
T: Now, we will come to the listening part. First, turn to Page 41. And then listen to the tape. Look at the first picture in this page. What can you see?
S5: A rabbit and a chicken.
T: Yes. But the rabbit is called the Easter Bunny. Read after me "the Easter Bunny". It is an imaginary rabbit that children believe comes to the home to hide the Easter eggs(复活节彩蛋). And the second picture is about the Easter eggs. What’s in the third picture?
S6: Some bread.
T: Yes. The bread with an X is called hot cross buns. On Easter Day people eat it. Now listen to the tape and try to get the main idea.
Play the tape for the students. While listening, the students should grasp the key words and get the main idea. Then play the tape once more. After listening, let the students answer the questions. And check the answers with the whole class. Then sum up the useful expressions in the material (about Easter Day). Then play the tape a third time for them to write down the main idea of the passage. Then check the answers with the whole class.
The suggested answers are in the Teachers’ Book Page 18.
The Second Period Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
Beauty harvest celebration starve origin religious ancestor Mexico feast bone belief trick poet arrival gain independence gather agriculture award rooster admire energetic Easter clothing Christian custom worldwide
b. 重点句子
They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. P1
They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds. P2
Some festivals are held to honor the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestor, who could return either to help or to do harm. P2
On this important feast day, people might eat food in the shape of skulls, and cakes with "bones" on them. P2
Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. P2
2. Ability goals能力目标
To enable the students to know the earliest festivals with reasons for them and four different kinds of festivals that occur in most parts of the world.
Enable the students to master some English expressions and phrases about festivals.
3. Learning ability goals学能目标
Teach the basic reading skills: skimming and scanning.
Try to compare and make conclusions of different festivals.
Teaching important points 教学重点
Talk about all kinds of festivals.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Fast reading, task-based method & discussion
Teaching aids 教具准备
A computer, a projector, and a tape recorder
Teaching procedures 教学过程
Step I Revision
1. Greetings.
2. Review the new words of this part.
3. Check the students’ homework---festivals.
Do you know these festivals?
When do they take place? lunar calendar
Show the pictures on the screen.
Pre-reading
1. What festivals or celebrations do you have in your city or town? What part of a festival do you like best- the activities, the music, the sights, the food or the people who visit?
2. Prediction
Look at the pictures and title of the passage below. What kind of information you think will be introduced in the passage.
Learn the new words in the text:
starve: 饥饿
origin: 起源
ancestor: 祖先
Obon: 盂兰盆节(日本)
grave: 坟墓；墓地
incense: 熏香
in memory of: 纪念
feast: 节日；盛宴
skull: 头骨
dress up: 打扮；盛装
play a trick on: 搞恶作剧
award: 奖品
rooster: 公鸡
energetic: 充满活力的
carnival: 狂欢节
parade: 游行
Scanning
How many types of festivals are mentioned in the passage?
1. Ancient festivals
2. Festivals of the Dead
3. Festivals to Honor the People
4. Harvest Festivals
5. Spring Festivals
Skimming
What festivals are mentioned in each paragraph?
P1.
celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn; celebrate when hunters catch animals.
P 2. Festivals of the Dead
Japan -----Obon
Mexico------Day of the Dead
America------Halloween
P 3. Festivals to Honour People
Dragon Boat Festival
Columbus Day
(India)October 2
P 4. Harvest Festivals
Harvest and Thanksgiving Festival
Mid-Autumn festival
P 5.
Spring festival
Carnival
Easter
Cheery Blossom Festival
长句难句：
（supplementary reference materials）
一·补充注释
1 . At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the clod winter months .在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。
Starve (v.)
1) to cause a person or an animal to suffer severely or die from hunger 挨饿；饿死
Millions of people starved to death during the war. 战争中数百万人挨饿至死。
starve for sth ; starve sb of sth: ( cause sb to) suffer or long for sth greatly needed or wanted (使某人）得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物；缺乏
The homeless children were starved for love . 这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。
3）to feel very hungry 感觉很饿。仅用于进行时态
When will dinner be ready ? I’m starving. 晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。
starvation (n.) : (U) suffering or death caused by lack of food 挨饿；饿死 die of starvation 饿死 starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资
2. …or satisfy the ancestors , who could return either to help or to do harm.
……或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也可能带来危害。
harm (n.): damage, injury 损害； 伤害
do harm to sb (习俗) = harm sb 伤害某人
come to harm: be injured physically , mentally or morally 身体上﹑精神上或道义上受到损害，通常用于否定式
I’ll go with her to make sure she comes to no harm. 我要和她一同去以免她受到伤害。
do more harm than good: have an effect which is more damaging than helpful 弊大于利
If we solve the problem in this way, it may do more harm than good. 如果我们以这种方式处理问题，那可能是弊大于利。
harm (v.): cause harm to (sb / sth) 损害或伤害某人/某事物
This event didn’t harm his reputation. 这个事件没有损害他的名誉。
Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。
origin (n.) : the place or situation in which something begins to exist 起源；由来，可用做可数名词或不可数名词，通常用作复数形式
The tradition has its origins in the Middle Ages . 这个传统发源于中世纪。
He told me it was a word of unknown origin. 他告诉我这是个词源不详的词。
belief (n.): an idea that you believe to be true, especially one that forms part of a system of ideas 信任；信心；信仰。 注意： belief 通常用作不可数名词，当作可数名词时，词义略不同于用作不可数名词时
religious beliefs 宗教信仰
Several members hold very strong political beliefs. 有些成员有着强烈的政治理念。
It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。
dress (v.): to put clothes on yourself or someone else 穿衣服。 可作及物或不及物动词。
dress up 是动词词组, 意思使是 to wear special clothes for fun, or to put special clothes on someone
dress (n.)
1) [C] garment for a woman or girl , consisting of a bodice and skirt in one piece ; frock 连衣裙,(上下连身的)女装
She makes all the dresses for her daughter. 她女儿的连衣裙都是她做的。
2) [U] clothes, esp. outer garments, for either men or women 衣服（男女均可）
casual dress 便服
Comprehending
Use the information from the reading passage to answer the following question.
1. What are festivals of the dead usually for?
Festivals of the dead are for honouring or satisfying dead ancestors or others, who some people believe might return to help or harm living people.
2. What makes autumn festivals happy events?
Autumn festivals are happy events because people are thankful that food is ready for winter and the hard farm work is finished.
3. What do people usually do at spring festivals?
At spring festivals, people usually have dances, carnivals and other activities to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring.
4. What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations?
It is important to have festivals and celebrations so we can enjoy life/ be proud of our customs/ forget our work for a little while.
5. Compare the festivals of the dead in Mexico, Japan and China. What things are similar? What things are different?
The Chinese, Japanese and Mexican festivals of the dead all have customs to honour the dead. The Chinese and Japanese go to clean their ancestors’ graves, and the Mexicans offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.
However, there are some difference. The Mexicans eat special food that looks like bones, something the Chinese and Japanese do not do.
6. What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations?
Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
True or False
1. The ancient people needn’t worry about their food.
2. Halloween used to be a festival intended to honor the dead.
3. Qu Yuan was a great poet who people honor a lot in China.
4. Mid-autumn Festival is held to celebrate the end of autumn.
5. Easter celebrates the birth of Jesus.
FTTFF
The Third Period Extensive reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
heart-broken, turn up, keep her word, fool, hold one’s breath, apologize, drown one’s sadness, in coffee, obvious, wipe, lovely, fell in love, couple, make a bridge of their wrings, weeping, set off for, remind somebody of something, forgive, warm up, the ice sculptures
b. 重点句子
She could be with her friends right now laughing at him.
It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for him to leave—he wiped the tables, then sat down and turned on the TV—just what Li Fang needed!
So he did.
If you come you must be prepared to keep moving, as it is too cold to stand and watch for long.
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the students to read the passage fast to get the main idea.
Enlarge their expressions and knowledge about the topic of this unit—festivals.
3. Learning ability goals学能目标
Learn to compare the festivals in China and in western countries and to know that people in different countries and in different times may celebrate similar festivals in different ways.
Teaching important points教学重点
Different festivals about a love story and then write a different ending for the story.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Fast-reading & Discussion.
Teaching aid 教具准备
A multiple-media computer, a tape-recorder and a blackboard.
Teaching procedures & ways教学步骤
A sad story
True or false
1. The girl Li Fang loved and waited for didn’t turn up. But he didn’t lose heart. F
The girl Li Fang loved and waited for didn’t turn up. So he lost heart, because he would drown his sadness in coffee.
2. Because her most lovely daughter got married to a human secretly, the Goddess got very angry. T
3. Zhinü was made to return to Heaven without her husband. They were allowed to meet once a year on the seventh day of the tenth lunar month. F
Zhinü was made to return to Heaven without her husband. They were allowed to meet once a year on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
Hu Jin had been waiting for Li Fang for a long time with a gift for him. T
Answer the questions
1. Why was the TV story what Li Fang needed?
The TV story was a sad story about lost love-- the same situation as Li Fang.
2. What was Li Fang afraid that Hu Jin was doing?
He was afraid that she was with her friends laughing at him.
3. How did Li Fang know the manager wanted to shut the coffee shop?
The manager wiped the tables and then sat down and turned on the TV.
4. Why do people want the weather to be fine on Qiqiaojie?
People want the weather to be fine so they can meet the one they love.
5. What is the reason why Li Fang and Hu Jin did not meet on time?
They did not meet on time because Li Fang waited in the coffee shop and Hu Jin waited in the tea shop.
6. Why was Li Fang so worried at the end of the story?
He was worried because he had thrown away the gifts for Hu Jin--the chocolates and roses so he had nothing to give her and he thought she would not forgive him.
The fourth period Grammar
情态动词的语法特征
1）?情态动词?不能单独做谓语，除ought ?和have?外，后面只能接不带to?的不定式。
2）?情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词，如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。
3）?情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。
1) can 和could：
1) can的主要用法是：
? A.? 表示体力或脑力的能力：
? eg. The girl can dance very well.
B.? 表示说话的推测﹑事物的可能性等:
eg. Can the news be true?
C. 在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许:
eg. Can I sit here?
2) could的主要用法是：
A. could 是can的过去式, 表示与过去 有关的能力和推测:
eg. We all knew that the young man
couldn’t be a doctor.
B. could可以代替can表示请求, 但语气较can客气、委婉:
eg. Could you lend me your
dictionary?
Could I use your bike?
3) can和could接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句中, 表示不相信、怀疑等态度。
eg. They can't have gone out because
the light is still on.
may 和might ：
may 常用来表示：
?A. 表示请求、允许;比can较为正式:
?? eg. May I come in ?
You may go now.
B. 表示说话人的猜测: “也许” “可能”: 通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。
eg. --I believe the man is from England.
--But I may be wrong.
The guest may arrive this afternoon.
在肯定句中，may 的可能性比can 高，may 表示现实的可能性，can 表示理论上的可能性。如：
The road may be blocked.
这条路可能不通了。
The road can be blocked.
这条路可能会是不通的。
在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。
如：Where can he be? 他会在哪呢？
C. 表示祝愿;但语气较正式:
eg. May you succeed!
May you have a good journey!
might 的用法有:
多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。如:
She said that he might take her bike.
她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。
除了在间接引语中以外，might 一般不表示过去的可能或者许可。如要表示过去的可能可以用could, 表示过去的许可可以用was( were) allowed to 或者 had permission to 。
表示现在的可能，其可能性要比 may 小。如：
She might go home tomorrow.
说不定他明天会回家。
表示现在的许可, 语气比may 较委婉, 一般用于疑问句(包括间接疑问句), 不可用于肯定句或者否定句。
如: Might I have a word with you?
我可以和你说句话吗？
will和would：
1. will是助动词或是情态动词？
will用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是情态动词。would亦同理。
eg. I will tell you something
important.
我要告诉你一些重要的事。
（助动词）?
Will you tell her that I'm here?
请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？
（情态动词） ?
2. 在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求或询问。
eg: If you want help - let me know, will you?
如果你需要帮助, 让我知道, 好吗?
Will you type this, please?
请打印这个，好吗？ ?
Won't you sit down?
请坐下，好吗？
3. would比will客气委婉。
eg: Would you help us, please? 请您帮助我们，好吗？
I’d go there with you.
我要和你一块到那儿去。?
Teacher wouldn’t allow it.
老师不会允许这件事。
shall和should：
1. shall用于构成将来时是助动词。
shall用于征求对方的意见，表示 “决心” 是情态动词。
eg: Perhaps I shall pay a visit to
England this winter.
可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。
（构成一般将来时, 助动词）
Shall we go by train, Mom?
妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？
（用于征求对方的意见，情态动词）
I shall go at once.
我必须立即去。
（表 “决心”，情态动词）
2. should表示义务、建议、劝告，意为 “应该”。 “should+ have+过去分词”
表示本应该在过去做但没有做。
eg: You should keep your promise.
你应该遵守诺言。
She should have passed the exam.
她应该通过考试的。
must和 have?to
1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否定式用?needn’t或don’t have to，做?“不必”,mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”
?— Must?I?finish?all?assignments?at?a?time?
??—Yes, you must.
No,?you?needn't.
2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must?和have?to?稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法，have?to?强调客观需要。另外，have?to?能用于更多时态。
I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
3.must表示对某人某事的猜测，?作“准是”，“一定” ，一般用于肯定句中。对过去发生的事情作肯定判断用must have done
?You?must?be?the?new?teacher. ?
He?must?be?joking. There?is?nobody?here.?They?must?have?all gone?home.
4. must表示“偏要，硬要”，指做令人不快的事情
He must come and worry her with question, just when she was busy cooking the dinner. Of course，after I gave her my advice，she must go and do the opposite.
附 件
Festivals
Legal holidays in China are New Year (January 1st), a national one-day holiday; Spring Festival (the lunar New Year), a national three-day holiday; International Working Women’s Day (March 8th); Arbor Day (March 12th); International Labor Day (May 1st), a national one-day holiday; Chinese Youth Day (May 4th); International Children’s Day (June 1st); Army Day (August 1st); Teachers? Day (September 10th); and National Day (October 1st), a national two-day holiday.
China’s biggest and most popular traditional festivals include:
Chinese New Year/Spring Festival
Each year, between the end of winter and the beginning of spring, people throughout China enthusiastically celebrate the first traditional festival of the year, the Spring Festival or Lunar New Year. During the Spring Festival, every household will display Spring Festival couplets and pictures, and decorate the home. Spring Festival Eve is an important time for family reunions. Usually, in the evening of the last day of the twelfth month by the lunar calendar each year, the entire family gets together for a New Year’s Eve dinner. After dinner, all family members sit together to chat or play games, staying up till early the next morning. In the morning people pay New Year calls on relatives to extend congratulations. During the festival, many people also attend traditional recreational activities, such as the lion dance, dragon-lantern dance and stilt-walking.
Chinese New Years is by far the most well-known Chinese holiday, and also the most significant to Chinese culture. Also known as The Spring Festival, observation of the holiday actually begins the day before the beginning of the Lunar Year. The mode of celebration varies from province to province, different areas having their own specific traditions. Listed below are some of the customs associated with New Years.
The day before the Spring Festival, there is a lot of cleaning and preparation done. Offerings to the Kitchen God are commonly made in hopes that he will give a good report to the Emperor of Heaven. That night is a special gathering when the whole family get together and eat a particularly large dinner.
The following three or four days are public holidays. Most businesses close and time is spent paying formal visits to friends. Visitors bring a gift (generally a box of chocolate, nuts, or a tin of cookies) and are given a gift of greater value by the hosts. Married couples give little red packet envelopes to children and unmarried friends when greeted with a phrase wishing them prosperity in the New Year. While the majority of the holiday is observed in the first 3 or 4 days of the New Year, the first 10 days of the year are all part of the festival, however in practice this is just additional time to get in visits to friends. During this time, many Chinese people take trips to the city or province where they were born.
Certain foods take on special names to celebrate the New Year (for example, chicken is called phoenix), visitors are often treated to fruits and seeds, and people buy new clothes.
During prosperous times, entirely new furnishings may be bought. In the holiday, negative words, such as death, should be avoided. In fact, gifts of four and the word four arelso often not used because it sounds like the word for death.
Lantern Festival
The 15th day of the first lunar month, the first full moon after the Spring Festival, is the occasion for the Lantern Festival. It is customary to eat special sweet dumplings called yuanxiao and enjoy displayed lanterns during this festival. Yuanxiao, round balls made of glutinous rice flour stuffed with sugar fillings, symbolize reunion. The custom of enjoying lanterns at this time of the year dates back to the first century, and has continued to be popular throughout China up to the present day. On this festive night many cities hold lantern fairs to display many exotic and sometimes weirdly shaped multi-colored lanterns. In rural areas the local people gather together and enjoy themselves as spectators and participants setting off fireworks, walking on stilts, performing with dragon lanterns, dancing the yangge and other folk dances and playing on swings.
Pure Brightness Day
Pure Brightness Day comes around April 5 every year. This was originally a day set aside for people to offer sacrifices to their ancestors, but nowadays it is more customary to visit the tombs of the martyrs of the revolution to pay respects. By the time of the festival, the weather has turned warmer and the earth is covered in green. Friends like to go together to the outskirts of the city to walk in the green grass, fly kites and appreciate the beauty of spring. That is why Pure Brightness Day is also called the "Stepping on Greenery Festival"?
Dragon Boat Festival
The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. It is generally believed that the festival originated to celebrate the memory of the ancient patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan, a native of the State of Chu during the Warring States Period, repeatedly offered his king proposals aimed at forestalling political corruption. Subsequently, slandered by treacherous court officials, he was sent into exile by the same king he had tried to help. In 278 B.C., the capital of the State of Chu was lost to its enemy the State of Qin and Qu Yuan drowned himself in despair on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Aware of the tragedy, the local people living beside the river went out in their boats to try to find his corpse. Every year thereafter on this day people continued to row dragon boats on their local rivers in memory of Qu Yuan’s life and death, throwing sections of bamboo filled with rice into the river as an offering. Legend has it that someone once met Qu Yuan’s spirit on the bank of the river and was told: "The food you have given me has all been taken away by the dragon. Hereafter, you should wrap the rice in bamboo leaves tied with five-colored thread. These are the two things that the dragon is most afraid of"? Thus, people began to make zongzi (glutinous rice wrapped in a pyramid shape using bamboo or reed leaves) in memory of Qu Yuan. Naturally, zongzi is the traditional food for the Dragon Boat Festival.
Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, the exact middle of autumn, hence the festival’s name. In ancient times, people used to offer elaborately made cakes to the moon spirit on this day. After making this symbolic offering, a family would enjoy eating the cakes together. The festival eventually came to carry the idea of a happy family reunion and the custom has been passed down to this day. On this mid-autumn night, the full moon is especially bright. The whole family may sit together beneath the clear moonlight eating tasty moon cakes and appreciating the beauty of the fully rounded moon. Those who are far away from their homes that night are only too easily reminded of their families when they look up at the luminous moon. The words of the great Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai are often recited on such evenings, even today: "I raise my head to gaze at the bright moon, and I drop my head to think of my old home"? Ethnic minorities have also retained their own traditional festivals, including the Water Splashing Festival of the Dai people, the Nadam Fair of the Mongolian people, the Torch Festival of the Yi people, the Danu (Never Forget the Past) Festival of the Yao people, the Third Month Fair of the Bai people, the Antiphonal Singing Day of the Zhuang people, and the Tibetan New Year and Onghor (Expecting Good Harvest) Festival of the Tibetan people.
Double 9 - Chung Yang Festivals
Called Double 9 because it occurs on the 9th day of the 9th month, this is an important religious day. During this time many people go to the mountain shrines to worship their ancestors. This traditionally is in remembrance of a man who saved his family from disaster by taking them into
The festivals of Chinese minorities
There are 56 nationalities living in this vast land of China, including 55 minorities. They have different customs, cultures and festivals from Han nationality. Speaking of the festivals, there are a lot of things to say, because nearly each minority has one or several festivals. In the following paragraph, I will choose some representative minorities’ festival to introduce.
The Bai minority mainly inhabit in Dali Autonomous Prefecture, which is located in northwest Yunnan. The Third Faie held in Dali each year is the grandest traditional event of the ethnic Bai people at which material and cultural exchanges are carried out. The festival starts on the 15th day and ends on the 21st day of the 3rd Month each year on the lunar calendar. Activities held during the grand event include song and dance performance mountain songs meet. At the same time, big fairs for exchanging local and special products are held.
Water Spring Festival is Dai’s new year according to Dai’s and is Dai’s most impressive and solemn festival, which is held on April 13-15. On the festival, people dust the Buddha Statues and bless each other by sprinkling water. Other activities include dragon-boat race, throwing pouches, fire lanterns and water lanterns, etc.
Yi’s Torch Festival is usually celebrated on the 24th of 6th lunar month each year, which is Yi’s most impressive celebration. At the night of the Torch festival, people sing and dance around the torches, all the day and night long. The Torch Festival is also a day for Yi’s youth to go for rendezvous.
On each year’s Spring Festival, all the lisu people, male or female, gather at the shiliutang Hot Spring of Lushui. By taking baths and washing off dirt with the sacred spring water, people hope for the forthcoming of auspiciousness. Singing contests are held here for the whole evening and youth people take the chance to make friends or get engaged.
Lisu’s traditional festival is held on the 8th day of the 2nd lunar month each year. On the festival, people come from all directions and gather at the sword ground to watch the performance of "dimming Sword Mountain and diving into Fire Sea."
The Miao nationality when the corn is ripe, every stockaded village quarry new valley, boil new rice offer sacrifices to heroof legend, then divide food, carry on corrida, horse-racing match among stockaded village, love song of the antiphonal responses at night, dance reed-pope wind instrument dance. Jino clan corn golden yellow in the ninth lunar month, when ripe maize having, select to take the new rice in one lucky day by the clan elder. Sweeping the stokade village and every house at dawn, get the new rice and cooked food ready, parents lead family to walk and hold a memorial ceremony for the valley ceremony arriving at noon, later having a meal. Before sunset, pluck the melon dish and go home, invite the relative to celebrate the new valley joyously and come on stage, have supper altogether.
In a word, varied festivals show great national culture. And with the development of festivals, the world will become more and more splendid. We all Chinese will appreciate the great joy from our national festivals. I believe the festivals of our country will be well on the way to the fantastic future.
Some Western Festivals
Valentine’s Day , February 14 (情人节)
Candy, flowers and other tokens of affection of affection are exchanged on this day, in honor of two martyrs, both named St. Valentine.
April Fool’s Day, April 1 (愚人节)
Franksters feel that it is permissible to play all sorts of tricks on this day.
Mother’s Day (母亲节)
The second Sunday in May, set aside to honor mothers.
Father’s Day （父亲节）
The third Sunday in June, set aside to honor fathers.
Halloween , October 31 (万圣节)
A special day for making merry, wearing costumes and playing old-fashioned games. A favorite with children.
Easter Sunday (复活节)
The first Sunday after the first Monday in November for the election of public officials. This holiday is observed in most states.
Thanksgiving Day( 感恩节)
Generally the fourth Thursday in November, set aside for national thanksgiving, especially for our democratic form of government. It is a legal holiday in all states.
Labor’s Day (劳动节)
The first Monday in September . Set aside to honor labor, it is a legal holiday in all states.
Christmas Day, December 25 (圣诞节)
This is both a legal and religious holiday, it observes the anniversary of the birth of Jesus. All states and all those of the Christian faith celebrate this holiday.
Easter
Easter is a time of spring-time festivals. In Christian countries Easter is celebrated as the religious holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ, the son of God. But the celebrations of Easter have many customs and legends that are pagan in origin and have nothing to do with Christianity.
Scholars, accepting the derivation proposed by the 8th-century English scholar St. Bede, believe the name Easter is thought to come from the Scandinavian "Ostra" and the Teutonic "Ostern" or "Eastre," both Goddesses of mythology signifying spring and fertility whose festival was celebrated on the day of the vernal equinox.
Traditions associated with the festival survive in the Easter rabbit, a symbol of fertility, and in colored easter eggs, originally painted with bright colors to represent the sunlight of spring, and used in Easter-egg rolling contests or given as gifts.
The Christian celebration of Easter embodies a number of converging traditions with emphasis on the relation of Easter to the Jewish festival of Passover, or Pesach, from which is derived Pasch, another name used by Europeans for Easter. Passover is an important feast in the Jewish calendar which is celebrated for 8 days and commemorates the flight and freedom of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt.
The early Christians, many of whom were of Jewish origin, were brought up in the Hebrew tradition and regarded Easter as a new feature of the Passover festival, a commemoration of the advent of the Messiah as foretold by the prophets.
Easter is observed by the churches of the West on the first Sunday following the full moon that occurs on or following the spring equinox (March 2I). So Easter became a "movable" feast which can occur as early as March 22 or as late as April 25.
Christian churches in the East which were closer to the birthplace of the new religion and in which old traditions were strong, observe Easter according to the date of the Passover festival.
Easter is at the end of the Lenten season, which covers a forty-six-day period that begins on Ash Wednesday and ends with Easter. The Lenten season itself comprises forty days, as the six Sundays in Lent are not actually a part of Lent. Sundays are considered a commemoration of Easter Sunday and have always been excluded from the Lenten fast. The Lenten season is a period of penitence in preparation for the highest festival of the church year, Easter.
Holy Week, the last week of Lent, begins its with the observance of Palm Sunday. Palm Sunday takes its name from Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem where the crowds laid palms at his feet. Holy Thursday commemorates the Last Supper, which was held the evening before the Crucifixion. Friday in Holy Week is the anniversary of the Crufixion, the day that Christ was crucified and died on the cross.
Holy week and the Lenten season end with Easter Sunday, the day of resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Kwanzaa
Kwanzaa is a unique African American celebration with focus on the traditional African values of family, community responsibility, commerce, and self-improvement. Kwanzaa is neither political nor religious and despite some misconceptions, is not a substitute for Christmas. It is simply a time of reaffirming African-American people, their ancestors and culture. Kwanzaa, which means "first fruits of the harvest" in the African language Kiswahili, has gained tremendous acceptance. Since its founding in 1966 by Dr. Maulana Karenga, Kwanzaa has come to be observed by more than18 million people worldwide, as reported by the New York Times. When establishing Kwanzaa in 1966, Dr. Karenga included an additional "a" to the end of the spelling to reflect the difference between the African American celebration (kwanzaa) and the Motherland spelling (kwanza).
Kwanzaa is based on the Nguzo Saba (seven guiding principles), one for each day of the observance, and is celebrated from December 26th to January 1st.
Unit1 Festivals around the world
1.★take place __________, 一般指非偶然事件，即这种事情发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。
①我们的校运动会将在下周五举行。
②在过去的十年里我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
【拓展】“发生”
①happen 指________发生，常见的短语_______________
How did the accident happen yesterday?
他发生了什么事？_______________________________________
还可指_________., 常见的结构_____________________
他来看我时我碰巧不在家。______________________________________
②break out 指________________________.
A fire broke out in the hospital.
※ 以上“发生”均无被动语态。
EX
①There__________to be some money in the bag.
②Great changes have _______________in the countryside.
③Fighting____________in the Korean parliament yestersday.
celebration _____________ 动词___________,后面常接______作宾语。
We held a party to celebrate our success.
我们以大蛋糕庆祝他的生日。
【拓展】祝贺n ______________,
v ______________,后面常接______作宾语，常见的短语_________________.
_______________(恭喜)! Your new granddaughter is a lucky girl. _
我祝贺你考试通过。
EX
①I must ____________ you on your appointment as a manager .
②I heard that you're getting married. ______________!
③We ____________the New Year with a dance party.
④Their ___________(庆祝) at Christmas are not unlike our own.
2.★in memory of ___________,常在句中作____________.
They will build a monument in memory of the national hero.
她写了这本书以纪念她的父亲。
中国已经举办了一系列的庆祝活动以纪念那些为祖国献身的人。
China has held __________________________________________________the people ________ devoted their lives _____ the country.
注意 in + n + of 的结构
寻找_______________ 为了向…表示敬意_______________ 负责，掌管____________
需要________________ 为了庆祝______________________ 面对_________________
EX 1)Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students______ financial adi.
A in favour B in honour of C in face of D in need of
2)My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was______it.
A in favour of B in memory of C in honour of D in search of
3★ dress up ____________
①可作不及物动词词组，指主语自己打扮装饰。
They dressed up for the celebration.
②也可作及物动词词组，后接人作宾语。若表示给某人穿上某种服装，则需在服装前加介词______.
她给她的女儿打扮。
她给女儿穿上漂亮的裙子。
她女儿穿着漂亮的裙子。
【拓展】
dress vi vt 宾语是_____.
给某人穿衣服_______________
给某人穿上…衣服_____________
穿衣服（动作）_____________
穿着…衣服(状态)___________________
EX①He got up,______ and went out in a hurry.
A dressed B to be dressed C was dressed D getting dressed
②Walking around, I found the city was full of people_______ for the festival.
A wearing B dressing up C worn D dressed up
③Dressing in red, the young man looks quite different from the others.(改错)
put on “穿上，戴上”，表________,后跟_______,________,______等。
wear “穿着，戴着”，表_________,后跟________,________等。还可用于表示________,________等，可用于__________时。
have on 穿/戴着，表________, 相当于______________.不用于________时。
EX① Have you seen the girl ______ in red? She is our monitor.
A wearing B dressing C having on D dressed
②Our English teacher _______a black coat today.
A is having on B is putting on C wears D dresses
③Don’t forget _____ your coat before doing out.It’s cold outside.
A to dress B to put on C wearing D having on
④They are going to _____ the boy in new clothes and take him to the park.
A dress B wear C have on D put on
⑤The first thing she did after getting up in the morning was to dress for her two-year-old daughter.(改)
⑥While in the college, he used to grow long hair.
⑦Have on your overcoat before going out.
4★ play a trick on sb =play _________ on sb______________
_________________ 取笑 ___________________嘲笑
___________________与某人开玩笑
EX ①That was an unfair trick_____her.
A to play on B to give to C play D to play of
②Nobody likes to ______in public places.
A laugh at B be made fun of C play a trick of others D make a fool
