定语从句
一 真题感悟
（2021安徽卷）The exact year________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2021.
A. When B. where C. why D. which
(2021北京卷)I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates recommended to me.
A. Who B. which C. where D. when
（2021福建卷）Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.
A. Who B. when C. which D. where
（2021江苏卷）The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work_________ a good impression is a must.
A. Which B. when C. as D. where
（2021湖南卷）I am looking forward to the day _________my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A. as B. why C. when D. where
6.【2020江苏卷】Many lessons are now available online, from students can choose for free.
A. whose B. which C. when D. whom
7.【2020天津卷】 Dr. Rowan, ___________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which
8.【2020新课标Ⅲ卷】 In ancient China lived an artist__________ paintings were almost lifelike.
9.【2019江苏卷】 We have entered into an age ________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. Which B. what C. when D. that
【2019天津卷】Their child is at the stage ___________she can say individual words but not full sentences.
A. Why B. where C. which D. what
11.【2019新课标I卷】One afternoon where I was in primary school, ________ I was walking by the school playground.
12.【2019新课标II卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ________she opened with her late husband Les.
13.【2019新课标III卷】They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
14.【2019·新课标III卷】 In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment ___________ what is created for them.
15.【2019浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth __________ gives off light in the dark.
二 实战模拟
What students do at college seems to matter much more than __________ they go.
2.The students benefiting most from college are those __________are totally engaged (参与) in academic life.
3.She and her family bicycle to work, ____________helps them keep fit.
A. which B. who C. as D. that
4. Kae, ___________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
A. whom B. that C. whose D. her
5.Self-driving is an area ___________China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
6.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause).
7.They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish.
8.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started (start) a soil-testing program ___________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
9.Many westerners___________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
10.The little problems ___________we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A. that B. as C. where D. when
11.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom
12. My eldest son, ____________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
A. that B. whose C. his D. who
13.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ___ help I would never have got this far.
14.He talked a lot about things and persons ______ they remembered in the school.
15.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.
16.__________ everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history.
17.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _______ are family members
18.It's good to know _______ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.
19.Suddenly it occurred to me ________ I should report the accident to the police.
20.Gone are the days________the working people suffered from cold and hunger.
21.This was a time _______________ the two countries were at war.
22.He paid her money for washing the windows, most of _________hadn’t been cleaned for a year.
23.October 1st is a day __________ our new China was founded.
24.The old town has narrow streets and small houses __________ are built close to each other.
25.They offered to send me to the airport, ________ I was very grateful for.
26.I will never forget the days ___________ I worked together with them.
27.I will never forget the days ___________ I spent together with them.
Huaihua is the city _____________ I was born.
29.Huaiua is the city______________ I have never visited before.
30.The reason ___________she told us was not true.
三 语法填空组合练 A B C
A
体裁：新闻报道 主题语境：中国制造的新冠疫苗
(August 17, Beijing) China has granted(批准)its first COVID-19 vaccine patent for an experimental vaccine join developed by Chen Wei of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences and Chinese biotech company CanSino Biologics.The patent ___1___(submit) for application on March 18,2020 and was approved on August 11,2020.
The vaccine ___2___(use) weakened common cold virus to introduce genetic material from the novel coronavirus into the human body. The goal is ___3___ (train)the body to produce antibodies(抗体)that recognize the coronavinus's spike protein(蛋白质)_4_fight it off.
The phase-two clinical trial of the vaccine has found it is safe and can induce ___5___immune response.The phase- three clinical trial,6will include more participants and be conducted overseas, is ___7___ ( current ) in the pipeline.
However,many ___8___(press) questions regarding the vaccine candidate remain, such as the longevity of the protection, the appropriate dosage(剂量)to generate strong immune9(respond), and whether there are host- specific differences.
These questions ___10___(explore) in the larger scale phase-three trials.
1.__________ 2.__________ 3 . _________ 4._________ 5.__________
6.__________ 7.___________ 8__________ 9__________ 10.__________
B
体裁：记叙文 主题语境：学校生活
There was a time __1__ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was __2__ my father forced me to join in a 30 day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club, __3__ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately, my guide, __4__ teacher was Yu Minhong, communicated with me face to face, from __5__ I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities __6__ we did.I should be grateful to my father and the guide, __7__ encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting __8__ I put my entire energy into learning English. Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep, I recall the passages, through __9__ I can memorize a large number of new words. __10__ our English teacher says, “As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, you will conquer English sooner or later.”
1.__________ 2.__________ 3 . _________ 4._________ 5.__________
6.__________ 7.___________ 8__________ 9__________ 10.__________
C
体裁: 记叙文 主题语境:人与社会-云南之旅
Simon Wakefield travelled round Yunnan after leaving university. While in Yunnan, he was astonished by how ___1___(vary)the landscape is. Down in the south , it's very tropical, but in the northwest , Lijiang, a half new and half old town the side of a mountain, its peak ___2___ (cover) with snow. Seen from above, the old town is a maze in 3 the tourists get lost.
He went to the village where the Naxi ethnic group live. He found that it is the women___4___ run Naxi society. They: the custom of playing cards in the middle of the street. He also found the Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still___5___use and that the Naxi culture is ___6___(particular) famous for its music. Passed from father to son, the music hasn't changed for centuries. He went to watch___7___ performance in an old wooden hall, which ___8___ (play) by Naxi men,some of whom looked as if they were well over 100 years old.
At last he understood that it is the ___9___(diverse) that makes Yunnan attractive. However different people may appear ___10___(be) at first, we are all the same, all equal.
1.__________ 2.__________ 3 . _________ 4._________ 5.__________
6.__________ 7.___________ 8__________ 9__________ 10.__________定语从句
一 真题感悟
（2021安徽卷）The exact year________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2021.
A. When B. where C. why D. which
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句 。 本题定语从句的先行词是the exact year，后面的定语从句Angela and her family spent together in China中动词spent后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词which引导这个定语从句，并在句中做宾语。Where的先行词通常是指地点的名词，关系副词when的先行词通常是表示时间的名词，why的先行词是the reason。ABC三项通常在句中做状语。Which在定语从句里做主语，宾语或者表语。句义：Angela和他的家人一起在中国度假确切是在2021年。故D正确。
(2021北京卷)I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates recommended to me.
A. Who B. which C. where D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。本题考查非限制性定语从句， 先行词是 the book Sherlock Holmes， 在定语从句中which指代先行词作为定语从句中的动词recommend的宾语。CD两项是关系副词，不能在句中做宾语，只能做状语。A项who的先行词通常都是指人的名词。句意：上个星期我从图书馆里借了“福尔摩斯诡异”，这是我的同学推荐给我的。故B正确。
（2021福建卷）Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.
A. Who B. when C. which D. where
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词是community activities，后面的定语从句主谓宾句子结构很完整，所以使用关系副词来引导这个定语从句，where在句中相当于in which, 充当状语。句意：学生应该参与社区活动，在社区活动里他们能够获得成长的经验。AC是关系代词，不能在句中做状语。When的先行词通常是表示时间的名词。故D正确。
（2021江苏卷）The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work_________ a good impression is a must.
A. Which B. when C. as D. where
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是work,后面的定语从句a good impression is a must 的句子结构很完整，所以使用关系副词在句中做状语，同时也引导起这个定语从句。句意：在日常交流中这本书帮助了很多，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。AC两项都是关系代词在句中不能做状语，when的先行词通常都是指时间的名词。故D正确。
（2021湖南卷）I am looking forward to the day _________my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A. as B. why C. when D. where
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the day,后面的定语从句结构非常完整，所以使用关系副词when在句中做时间状语，同时引导起这个定语从句。句意：我一直都在期待着我的女儿能够阅读并理解我对她的感情的那一天。故C正确。
6.【2020江苏卷】Many lessons are now available online, from students can choose for free.
A. whose B. which C. when D. whom
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。
7.【2020天津卷】 Dr. Rowan, ___________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A. Whose B. of whom C. of which D. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。
8.【2020新课标Ⅲ卷】 In ancient China lived an artist__________ paintings were almost lifelike.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
9.【2019江苏卷】 We have entered into an age ________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. Which B. what C. when D. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。
【2019天津卷】Their child is at the stage ___________she can say individual words but not full sentences.
A. Why B. where C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
11.【2019新课标I卷】One afternoon where I was in primary school, ________ I was walking by the school playground.
【答案】 when
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。
12.【2019新课标II卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ________she opened with her late husband Les.
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
13.【2019新课标III卷】They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
14.【2019·新课标III卷】 In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment ___________ what is created for them.
【答案】 that/which
【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故把what改为that/which。
15.【2019浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth __________ gives off light in the dark.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
二 实战模拟
What students do at college seems to matter much more than __________ they go.
【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
2.The students benefiting most from college are those __________are totally engaged (参与) in academic life.
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。 are totally engaged (参与) in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。
3.She and her family bicycle to work, ____________helps them keep fit.
A. which B. who C. as D. that
【答案】A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。
点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
4. Kae, ___________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
A. whom B. that C. whose D. her
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。
点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词；2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
5.Self-driving is an area ___________China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。
点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词。2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
6.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause).
【答案】that或which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。
7.They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish.
【答案】 which改成in which或where
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pond是先行词，其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用in which或where。
8.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started (start) a soil-testing program ___________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【答案】that或which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。
9.Many westerners___________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
【答案】that或who
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。
10.The little problems ___________we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A. that B. as C. where D. when
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。 we meet in our daily lives是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。
考点：考查定语从句。
11.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……，
whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。
考点：考查定语从句
12. My eldest son, ____________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
A. that B. whose C. his D. who
【答案】B
【解析】本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是My eldest son, 根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语，选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析, 关系代词that, which, whom, as, who在句中做主语，宾语，表语; whose做定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
13.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ___ help I would never have got this far.
【答案】whose
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：我希望感谢Professor Smith，要是没有了他的帮助，我不可能走这么远。本题定语从句的先行词是Professor Smith，在定语从句中，whose指代先行词Professor Smith，在句中作为help的定语。定语从句关系代词只有whose可以放在名词前面做定语，故填whose.
14.He talked a lot about things and persons ______ they remembered in the school.
【答案】that
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：他谈论了很多他们记住的在学校里的人和事情。这个定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当宾语的成分，所以要用关系代词；而先行词是things and persons既有人，又有物，所以要用关系代词that.故填that.
15.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.
【答案】whose
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：这本书透过生活受到地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。先行词是those，指地震受灾者，定语从句中的lives是名词“生命”的意思，从句缺少定语；whose作定语，相当于and their lives.故填whose.
16.__________ everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history
【答案】As
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。分析句子可知，_____ everyone knows是定语从句，关系词指代整个主句，从句置句首，用关系代词as，表示“如同”，as everyone know“众所周知”，置句首单词首字母大写，故填As.
17.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _______ are family members
【答案】whom
【解析】本题考查定语从句的引导词。空格后是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以引导词要用关系代词，先行词是people，是人，空格前有介词of，介词后表示人的关系代词只能用宾格的whom，故填whom.
18.It's good to know _______ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.
【答案】that
【解析】本题考查宾语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处为know的宾语从句，从句成分齐全，句意完整，故由连接词that引导。故填that.
19.Suddenly it occurred to me ________ I should report the accident to the police.
【答案】that
【解析】本题考查主语从句和固定句型。It occurred to me that...我突然想起……，固定句型，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，此处句意为“我突然想到我应该向警方报案。”。故填that.
20.Gone are the days________the working people suffered from cold and hunger.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：劳动人民遭受寒冷和饥饿的日子已一去不复返了。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是days，在定语从句中作时间状语。故填when.
21.This was a time _______________ the two countries were at war.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：有一段时间两国处于交战状态。分析句子结构，这是一个定语从句，先行词为time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when，故填when.
22.He paid her money for washing the windows, most of _________hadn’t been cleaned for a year.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他付了她洗窗户的钱，大部分的窗户已经一年没有打扫了。本句是介词of+关系代词which引导的定语从句，指代windows.故填which.
23.October 1st is a day __________ our new China was founded.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：十月一日是我们新中国成立的日子。结合句意可知，本句是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是day，表时间，所以关系副词用when，在从句中作状语，相当于on which.根据题目要求，故填when.
24.The old town has narrow streets and small houses __________ are built close to each other.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个古镇有狭窄的街道和小房子，彼此建的很近。先行词是narrow streets and small houses，定语从句缺乏主语，定语从句用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which.
25.They offered to send me to the airport, ________ I was very grateful for.
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词。句意：他们提出送我去机场，我对此非常感激。此处为非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话，应用which引导，故填which.
26.I will never forget the days ___________ I worked together with them.
【答案】when/in which
【解析】现行词the days是表时间，而且；worked是不及物动词，后面不需接宾语，从句可以写成完整的句子“I worked together with them in the days.”,这就容易看出in the days在句中作状语；所以空格处应作状语，故用when/in which。
27.I will never forget the days ___________ I spent together with them.
【答案】that/which
【解析】现行词the days是表时间，也可以看成是物，但是；spent是及物动词，后面需接宾语，从句可以写成完整的句子“I spent together the days with them .”,这就容易看出the days在句中作宾语；所以空格处应作宾语，故用that/which。
Huaihua is the city _____________ I was born.
【答案】 where/in which
【解析】现行词the city是表地点，但是；was born是被动语态，后面不缺宾语，从句可以写成完整的句子“I was born in the city.”,这就容易看出in the city在句中作地点状语；所以空格处应作地点状语，故用where/in which。
29.Huaiua is the city______________ I have never visited before.
【答案】 that/which
【解析】现行词the city是表地点，也可以看成是物；但是visited是及物动词，后面缺宾语，从句可以写成完整的句子“I have never visited the city before.”,这就容易看出the city在句中作宾语；所以空格处应作宾语，故用that/which。
30.The reason ___________she told us was not true.
【答案】 that/which
【解析】先行词reason是表原因，也可以看成是表物，但是定语从句中told后缺直接宾语，所以空格处作宾语，故用that/which。
三 语法填空组合练 A B C
A
体裁：新闻报道 主题语境：中国制造的新冠疫苗
(August 17, Beijing) China has granted(批准)its first COVID-19 vaccine patent for an experimental vaccine join developed by Chen Wei of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences and Chinese biotech company CanSino Biologics.The patent ___1___(submit) for application on March 18,2020 and was approved on August 11,2020.
The vaccine ___2___(use) weakened common cold virus to introduce genetic material from the novel coronavirus into the human body. The goal is ___3___ (train)the body to produce antibodies(抗体)that recognize the coronavinus's spike protein(蛋白质)_4_fight it off.
The phase-two clinical trial of the vaccine has found it is safe and can induce ___5___immune response.The phase- three clinical trial,6will include more participants and be conducted overseas, is ___7___ ( current ) in the pipeline.
However,many ___8___(press) questions regarding the vaccine candidate remain, such as the longevity of the protection, the appropriate dosage(剂量)to generate strong immune9(respond), and whether there are host- specific differences.
These questions ___10___(explore) in the larger scale phase-three trials.
1.__________ 2.__________ 3 . _________ 4._________ 5.__________
6.__________ 7.___________ 8__________ 9__________ 10.__________
1.【答案】was submitted
【解析】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知,空处为句子的谓语;由时间状语“on March 182020”可知,此处应用过去时;主语The patent 是单数形式，与 submit 是动宾关系。所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was submitted。
【答案】uses
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知, 空处在句中作谓语;此处讲述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时，且主语The vaccine为单数形式。故填uses。
【答案】to train
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知, 空处作表语,表示主语的职责或性质,应用动词不定式。故填to train
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。分析句子可知,recognize the coronavirus's spike protein(蛋白质)和fight it off是并列关系。recognize 和 fight并列,作that引导的定语从句的谓语。故填and。
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。response为可数名词.此处泛指“免疫反应”且immune是以元音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词。故填an。
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语。先行词The phase- three clinical trial 指物,故用which引导该从句。
【答案】currently
【解析】考查词性转换。空处修饰be动词 is,作状语,应用副词形式。故填 currently。
【答案】pressing
【解析】考查词性转换。空处修饰名词 questions,作定语,应用形容词形式。pressing意为“迫切的,紧急的”。
【答案】response
【解析】考查名词。strongimmune9作动词 generate 的宾语,空前有形容词 strong,所以此处应用名词形式。由上文的5immune response 也可得出答案
【答案】will be explored
【解析】时态和语态。These questions指的是上一段提出的问题:the longevity of the protection, the appropriate dosage(剂量)…。这些问题需要在接下来更大规模的试验中探索,所以应用将来时。且questions与 explore是动宾关系,所以用被动语态。故填 will be explored。
B
体裁：记叙文 主题语境：学校生活
There was a time __1__ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was __2__ my father forced me to join in a 30 day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club, __3__ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately, my guide, __4__ teacher was Yu Minhong, communicated with me face to face, from __5__ I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities __6__ we did.I should be grateful to my father and the guide, __7__ encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting __8__ I put my entire energy into learning English. Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep, I recall the passages, through __9__ I can memorize a large number of new words. __10__ our English teacher says, “As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, you will conquer English sooner or later.”
1.__________ 2.__________ 3 . _________ 4._________ 5.__________
6.__________ 7.___________ 8__________ 9__________ 10.__________
1.【答案】when
【解析】本题考查定语从句关系副词用法。句意：有一段时间，我讨厌学英语并且不喜欢说英语。There was a time when... “有一段时间……”。故填when.
2.【答案】why
【解析】本题考查表语语从句用法。This is/was why... “这就是……的原因”。故填why.
3.【答案】where
【解析】本题考查定语从句关系副词用法。先行词是the club，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where.
4.【答案】whose
【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词为my guide，代入定语从句后为：My guide's teacher was Yu Minhong.由此可见，先行词与teacher之间是所属关系，故填whose.
5.【答案】which
【解析】本题考查定语从句介词+关系代词用法。先行词为“my guide communicated with me face to face”；先行词在定语从句中作from的宾语，且介词from提前，故填which.
6.【答案】that/which/不填
【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词是activities，且先行词在定语从句中作宾语，故填关系代词that/which.
7.【答案】who
【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词为my father and the guide，关系词在定语从句中作主语，且指“人”，故填who.
8.【答案】that
【解析】本题考查宾语从句用法。句意：现在我觉得我把我的全部精力都花在学习英语上很有趣。在句式feel it interesting that中，代词it指代that从句，充当宾语，是形式宾语，that为句中真正的宾语，是宾语从句。并且that在宾语从句在不作任何成分。故填that.
9.【答案】which
【解析】本题考查定语从句介词+关系代词用法。每天入睡前我总是回忆所学的文章，通过这种方法，我能记住大量的英语生词。先行词为I recall the passages，关系词在定语从句中作介词through的宾语，且介词已被提前，故填which.
10.【答案】As
【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句的用法。句意：正如我们英语老师所说的：“只要你们养成每天学英语的习惯并且坚持不懈，你们迟早会征服英语。”非限制性定语从句置于句首，指代引号内直接引语的内容，故填As.
C
体裁: 记叙文 主题语境:人与社会-云南之旅 2
Simon Wakefield travelled round Yunnan after leaving university. While in Yunnan, he was astonished by how ___1___(vary)the landscape is. Down in the south , it's very tropical, but in the northwest , Lijiang, a half new and half old town the side of a mountain, its peak ___2___ (cover) with snow. Seen from above, the old town is a maze in 3 the tourists get lost.
He went to the village where the Naxi ethnic group live. He found that it is the women___4___ run Naxi society. They: the custom of playing cards in the middle of the street. He also found the Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still___5___use and that the Naxi culture is ___6___(particular) famous for its music. Passed from father to son, the music hasn't changed for centuries. He went to watch___7___ performance in an old wooden hall, which ___8___ (play) by Naxi men,some of whom looked as if they were well over 100 years old.
At last he understood that it is the ___9___(diverse) that makes Yunnan attractive. However different people may appear ___10___(be) at first, we are all the same, all equal.
1.__________ 2.__________ 3 . _________ 4._________ 5.__________
6.__________ 7.___________ 8__________ 9__________ 10.__________
【答案】varied/various
【解析】考查词性转换。此处为“how+形容词+主+谓”形式的感叹句。根据“Down in...with snow
可知,此处需要填形容词varied或various(表示“多姿多彩
的”)。
【答案】covered
【解析】考查非谓语动词。两个分句之间无连词,因此此处为独立主格结构。its peak与cover构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词表被动。故填covered.
【答案】 which
【解析】考查定语从句。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句,从句修饰先行词maze。关系代词作介词in的宾语,指物,用关系代词 which。
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查强调句。分析句子可知,此处是强调句型“it is+被强调部分+that/who…”。本句强调的是the
women。故填who/that .
5.【答案】 in 【解析】考查介词。in use 意为“正在使用中”。句意:纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字。
6.【答案】 particularly
【解析】考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词famous,作状语,应用副词形式。故填particularly.
7.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。此处泛指“一场表演”,应用不定冠词,且performance是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【答案】was played
【解析】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。which引导的定语从句修饰先行词performance,空处在从句中作主语;主语与谓语动词构成动宾关系;由上文的went可知,此处应用一般过去时;从句中谓语动词的数与先行词 performance 要保持一致,应用单数。故填was played.
【答案】diversity
【解析】考查词性转换。分析句子可知,此处是强调句型“itis+被强调部分+that..”。本句强调的是主语 the9 (diverse),所以空处应用名词形式。故填 diversity.
【答案】to be
【解析】考查非谓语动词。appear此处表示“似乎;显得”,接形容词或不定式。故填to be。句意:不管人们一开始看起来有多么不同,我们都是一样的,都是平等的。
