形容词 副词
一 真题感悟公众号拾穗者的杂货铺
1.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become _____(educate) about the areas--both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics.
2.（2021全国乙卷）Provide _______(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
3.(2020全国卷I）Landing on the moon’s far side is _____(extreme) challenging.
4.（2020全国卷II）Branches of Plum Blossoms: The ______(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds make fantastic decorations.
5.（2019.浙江卷）When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ______ (easy) see them.
6.（2020全国卷III）As the small boat moved _____(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
7.（2019.全国卷I）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ______ (poor) studied.
8.（2019.全国卷I）Running is cheap, easy and it’s always (energy).
9.（2019.全国卷III）They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were ______ (huge) popular with tourists.
10.（2019.北京卷）It’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ______(meaning)college experience.
11.（2018.全国卷I）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non-runners.
12.（2018.全国卷II）A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
13.（2018.全国卷III）That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the (loud) of all.
14.（2017.全国卷I）Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up
15.（2017.全国卷I）Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be (care)not to go to extremes.
二 实战模拟
1.Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
2.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
3.That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help.In short, he s_____ (rely).
4.Nothing is _______ (stress) than going on a business trip with our boss.
5.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times __________(big) than the present one.
6.The more careful you are while writing a composition, the ________ (few) mistakes you will make.
7.It is ________ (evidence) that it is the child who took apart the clock.
8.By the year 2050, computers will have already become __________(power) than the human brain.
9.What makes things even ____________ (bad) are the upcoming bad weather and limited time to make preparations.
10.This is one of the ________ (heavy) floods this year, but luckily, its damage is under control.
11.Dear Aunt Grace and Uncle John, I am writing to tell you that I arrived home _____ (safe).
12.Many years _________(early), the Beatles had achieved commercial success.
13.Wu Hua likes his cousin very much, but he finds other singers perform even ________(well).
14.I slept late yesterday morning; ______ (badly) still, my bike was out of order.
15.Every time I heard others talk to me about my excellent examination result, I thought to myself that I would work even ________ (hard) and make greater progress.
16.As the language grows, our language is __________(constant) changing.
17.If you say OK, I think I can sit and lie _______________ (comfortable).
18.She is not an outgoing person and she doesn't let anyone know what she ________ (true) feels.
19.Nowadays, most of us can ________(easy) access the Internet.
20.Although I know that he is not perfect, I do __________(actual) like him.
21._________(person), I am keen on pop music.
22.Only since 1962 has the show been held __________ (annual).
23.Sorry, but I can't understand ____ (entire) what you said just now.
24.Any behaviour that is repeated enough times will ________ (eventual) become a habit and happen automatically.
25.It has helped me become stronger, both mentally and __________(physical).
26.At the ancient Olympics, ________ (tradition) the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no clothes.
27.He patted me _______ (gentle) on the back.
28.The plane will be landing in ___________(approximate) 20 minutes.
29.________ (obvious), Linda is angry with Tom for his being late for their date.
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs (树枝) which ________ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
三 语法填空组合练 A B C公众号拾穗者的杂货铺
A
体裁: 应用文 主题语境: 建议信
I'm more than_____1______(please) to receive your letter for my advice on how to read books _____2____(correct).To read ____3_____(successful) requires right ways of reading, here is my advice.
First of all，choose a book which is neither too difficult nor too easy for you.If you find it too hard to go on with the book，just put it aside for a moment and change it for an____4____(easy) one._____5____(consequent)，choose books that you are not only ____6____(interest) in, but are ____7_____(benefit) to you，since reading is not always for fun only.___8____(final )，do make the most of dictionaries，as dictionaries are your ____9____(good) teachers.
I hope my advice will be greatly ____10____(help) to you.
________ 2.________ 3. ________ 4.________ 5.________
________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________
B
体裁: 记叙文 主题语境:人与社会--民间艺术之王
The skills of a Chinese farmer named Li Fuyuan from East China's Fujian Province go beyond the field. ___1___ (know)as a real one-man music band, he is able to play 13 traditional Chinese musical instruments at the same time.
Li’s amazing talent has earned him 2title"King of Folk Arts”. He ___3___ (use) his mouth, hands,arms, legs and even shoulders during his performances. Over the years, Li___4___ (try) to learn more skills and add ___5___ (many) or example, using leaves in my instruments to his band.
“I like to take on new___ 6___ (challenge) to present more difficult performances. For example, using leaves in my mouth to perform a song and the dulcimer in my hand to play another," Li said, ___7___ ( add) that it took him a long time to find two songs of similar length, such as Für Elise and Liang Zhu.
Li is one of the Hakkas.“We have many beautiful Hakka folk songs, so I'm looking forward to ___8___ (find) other Hakka folk music pieces,"Li said.“ Now I have my students.I hope more people can learn about the Hakka culture through ___9___ ( I ) performances and ___10___ they can help pass on the excellent music from generation to generation. "
1. ________ 2.________ 3. ________ 4.________ 5.________
________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________
C
体裁:说明文 主题语境:人与社会--通信方式的发展
Communication has changed a lot over the years. In the past, smoke signals___1___(use), but they must be applied in an area ___2___ they could be received. Later, ___3___ (letter) appeared. However, it would take them days or even weeks to reach their destinations. Something had to be developed ___4___(make) communicating easier and faster. There came the telegraph.
The telegraph was a ___5___ (high) successful system with the Morse Code, but it was basically limited to receiving and sending one message at a time. Bell ___6___ (change) it into transmitting multiple messages over the same wire at the same time. Therefore, the telephone came into use, ___7___ (bring) much quicker communication between people miles away.
Cellphones were one of ___8___ fastest growing telecommunications applications. In 2005, forecasters predicted that there would be over 100 million users worldwide. Today, cellphones are more common than landlines(座机). It is impossible to go out to the store or the restaurant without seeing someone on a cellphone.
There___9___ (be) many changes to the form of communication since it was first developed. It seems nothing is impossible. ___10___ cellphones to smart phones, mobile communication has started to take off.
________ 2.________ 3. ________ 4.________ 5.________
________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________
四 完形填空 组合练 A B C
A
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be __1__ to the public because of Italy's privacy laws, __2__ working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction (拍卖)” __3__ by the Italian police where things __4__ on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look __5__above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder __6__ until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he __7__ the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had __8__ from Turin. His son, age 15, who had __9__ an art appreciation class, thought that there was something __10__ about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he __11__ it, he only found “Bonnard，” a French __12__ he had never heard of. He bought a book and was __13__ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same __14__ as his father's painting.
“That's the garden in our picture，” Nicolo's son told his father. They __15__ learned that the painting they __16__was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They __17__ the other painting and learned that it was __18__ Paul Gauguin's “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The __19__ called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were __20__ and worth as much as $50 million.
1．A.attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted
2．A.finished B．delayed C．considered D．tried
3．A.attended B．reserved C．cancelled D．run
4．A.shown B．found C．kept D．hidden
5．A.nice B．familiar C．useful D．real
6．A.battled B．debated C．discussed D．bargained
7．A.held B．left C．registered D．brought
8．A.chosen B．received C．ordered D．moved
9．A.missed B．failed C．taken D．led
10．A.concrete B．unusual C．unappealing D．natural
11．A.appreciated B．touched C．researched D．witnessed
12．A.painter B．designer C．author D．actor
13．A.expected B．surprised C．anxious D．ready
14．A.room B．kitchen C．hall D．garden
15．A.apparently B．confidently C．eventually D．temporarily
16．A.owned B．borrowed C．sold D．stole
17．A.collected B．cleaned C．framed D．studied
18．A.suitably B．actually C．rightly D．specifically
19．A.girl B．artist C．family D．police
20．A.copies B．originals C．models D．presents
B
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid March— __1__ six months out of the year.
“Of course, we __2__ it when the sun is shining，” says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. “We see the sky is __3__， but down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a __4__ day.”
But that __5__ when a system of high tech __6__ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan __7__ their very first ray of winter sunshine：A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to __8__. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that __9__ them to turn along with the sun throughout the __10__ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam (束) of light onto the town's central __11__， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light __12__， Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been __13__ there and standing there and taking __14__ of each other，” Ro says. “The town square was totally __15__. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all __16__ the sunshine at the same time. __17__， the new light feels like more than enough for the town's __18__ residents.
“It's not very __19__，” she says, “but it is enough when we are __20__.”
1．A.only B．obviously C．nearly D．precisely
2．A.fear B．believe C．hear D．notice
3．A.empty B．blue C．high D．wide
4．A.cloudy B．normal C．different D．warm
5．A.helped B．changed C．happened D．mattered
6．A.computers B．telescopes C．mirrors D．cameras
7．A.remembered B．forecasted C．received D．imagined
8．A.repair B．risk C．rest D．use
9．A.forbids B．directs C．predicts D．follows
10．A.day B．night C．month D．year
11．A.library B．hall C．square D．street
12．A.appeared B．returned C．faded D．stopped
13．A.driving B．hiding C．camping D．sitting
14．A.pictures B．notes C．care D．hold
15．A.new B．full C．flat D．silent
16．A.block B．avoid C．enjoy D．store
17．A.Instead B．However C．Gradually D．Similarly
18．A.nature loving B．energy saving C．weather beaten D．sun starved
19．A.big B．clear C．cold D．easy
20．A.trying B．waiting C．watching D．sharing
C
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, __1__ can also drive you mad. They'll come rushing in, __2__ their handbag's been stolen. They'll __3__ that they left it in the changing room, create havoc (混乱) and then __4__ it had been in their car all the time. They'll have out half the __5__ in the shop, and want the only style you don't have left in a __6__ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep __7__.公众号拾穗者的杂货铺
I remember the first really __8__ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was __9__ absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather __10__ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she __11__ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat __12__， and since she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on __13__ people.
That taught me a valuable __14__ and I pass it on to the people who __15__ in the market. Don't take it __16__. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband. Maybe her child's not __17__.” Always water it down and don't let your ego (自我) get __18__. If you do, you won't be able to __19__ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that __20__ everyone's day.
1．A.shopkeepers B．customers C．salespersons D．receptionists
2．A.saying B．pretending C．guessing D．replying
3．A.agree B．promise C．imagine D．swear
4．A.forget B．decide C．discover D．assume
5．A.foods B．catalogues C．belongings D．goods
6．A.particular B．different C．matching D．natural
7．A.fighting B．smiling C．waiting D．changing
8．A.generous B．polite C．careless D．difficult
9．A.curious about B．displeased with C．patient with D．uncertain about
10．A.relaxed B．delighted C．surprised D．embarrassed
11．A.searched B．argued C．prayed D．apologized
12．A.by chance B．by herself C．on purpose D．on duty
13．A.rude B．such C．other D．lonely
14．A.lesson B．trick C．skill D．trade
15．A.work B．shop C．meet D．quarrel
16．A.kindly B．secretly C．personally D．casually
17．A.ready B．away C．up D．well
18．A.out of sight B．in the way C．behind the scenes D．above the law
19．A.stress B．expect C．handle D．blame
20．A.ruins B．makes C．starts D．saves形容词 副词
一 真题感悟
1.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become _____(educate) about the areas--both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics.
【答案】educated
【解析】句意“这与传统旅游不同，因为它使旅行者接受了关于该地区的教育——无论是在地理条件和文化特征方面，还是为保护和造福当地发展提供资金方面。”become为系动词，此处educated为形容词作表语。
2.（2021全国乙卷）Provide _______(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
【答案】financial
【解析】考查形容词。修饰名词aid应当使用形容词。Financial指“经济上的帮助”。
3.(2020全国卷I）Landing on the moon’s far side is _____(extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。修饰形容词challenging，应当使用副词形式。
4.（2020全国卷II）Branches of Plum Blossoms: The ______(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds make fantastic decorations.
【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。设空后面为名词branches，应当使用形容词修饰名词，故填beautiful。
5.（2019.浙江卷）When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ______ (easy) see them.
【答案】easily
【解析】考查词性转换。分析句式可知，修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily.
6.（2020全国卷III）As the small boat moved _____(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。由句子结构可知，需用副词修饰动词moved，故填gently。
7.（2019.全国卷I）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ______ (poor) studied.
【答案】poorly
【解析】考查词性转换。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly.
8.（2019.全国卷I）Running is cheap, easy and it’s always (energy).
【答案】energetic
【解析】考查词性转换。设空处作表语,表示主语的特征,故填形容词energetic.
9.（2019.全国卷III）They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were ______ (huge) popular with tourists.
【答案】hugely
【解析】考查词性转换。修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely.
10.（2019.北京卷）It’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ______(meaning)college experience.
【答案】meaningful
【解析】考查词性转换。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful.
11.（2018.全国卷I）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non-runners.
【答案】longer
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比非跑步者的寿命要长3年。根据题干中的than可知设空处需用副词比较级形式,故填longer.
12.（2018.全国卷II）A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
【答案】actually
【解析】考查副词。句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米有很重要的一个作用就是,用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually.
13.（2018.全国卷III）That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the (loud) of all.
【答案】loudest
【解析】考查词性转换。句意:它尖叫的声音最大。根据句意及本句中的“of all”可知设空处填副词最高级,故填loudest.
14.（2017.全国卷I）Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up
【答案】worse
【解析】考查比较级。句意:更糟糕的是,人们所吃的快餐的量会上升。even worse更糟的是,此处与上句中提到的“eat more food”相比较,故用比较级worse.
15.（2017.全国卷I）Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be (care)not to go to extremes.
【答案】careful
【解析】考查词性转换。句意:然而,小心不要走极端。设空处在系动词be后,作表语,故用形容词careful.
二 实战模拟
1.Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
【答案】fairly
【解析】考查词性转换。句意：蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢，这对乘客来说一定是相当不愉快的，所有的烟雾和噪音。修饰形容词unpleasant需用副词形式，故填fairly.
2.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
【答案】certainly
【解析】考查词性转换。设空处在句中作状语修饰形容词fun,故填副词.
3.3.That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help.In short, he s_____ (rely).
【答案】reliable
【解析】考查形容词作表语。句意：那个年轻人是诚实的，有合作精神的，当你需要他帮助时，他总是在那里，简而言之，他是可以信赖的/可以依靠的。根据语境中的honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help可以判断，他是可以信赖的/可以依靠的。形容词reliable符合句意和逻辑，在句中作表语，故填reliable.
4.Nothing is _______ (stress) than going on a business trip with our boss.
【答案】more stressful
【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：没有什么比和我们的老板一起出差更有压力的了。根据空前的系动词is和空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式，作表语，所给词stress的形容词是stressful，其比较级为more stressful，故填more stressful.
5.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times __________(big) than the present one.
【答案】bigger
【解析】考查比较级。句意：为下一届亚运会而建的新体育场将比现在的大三倍。由空后的than可知，此处应用该词的比较级形式。故填bigger.
6.The more careful you are while writing a composition, the ________ (few) mistakes you will make.
【答案】fewer
【解析】句意：你写作文时越小心，你犯的错误就越少。the+比较级……，the+比较级……意为“越……就越……”，为固定用法。故填fewer.
7.It is ________ (evidence) that it is the child who took apart the clock.
【答案】evident
【解析】考查形容词。evidence证据。此处需填形容词作表语，evident明显的，故填evident.
8.By the year 2050, computers will have already become __________(power) than the human brain.
【答案】 more powerful
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：到2050年，计算机的功能已经超过人脑。根据than可知，此处用形容词比较级做表语，powerful强大的，比较级是more powerful，故填more powerful.
9.What makes things even ____________ (bad) are the upcoming bad weather and limited time to make preparations.
【答案】worse
【解析】考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是即将到来的恶劣天气和有限的准备时间。make things even worse是固定搭配，意思是更糟糕的事情是，even修饰比较级，故填worse.
10.This is one of the ________ (heavy) floods this year, but luckily, its damage is under control.
【答案】heaviest
【解析】句意：这是今年最严重的洪水之一，但幸运的是，其破坏已得到控制。one of+形容词最高级+名词，最……之一。故填heaviest.
11.11.Dear Aunt Grace and Uncle John, I am writing to tell you that I arrived home _____ (safe).
【答案】safely
【解析】句意：亲爱的格蕾丝阿姨和约翰叔叔：我写信是想告诉你们我已经安全到家了。修饰动词 arrived要用副词形式，故填safely.
12.Many years _________(early), the Beatles had achieved commercial success.
【答案】earlier
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：多年前，披头士乐队就取得了商业上的成功。many years earlier很多年前，为固定搭配，故填earlier.
13.Wu Hua likes his cousin very much, but he finds other singers perform even ________(well).
【答案】better
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：吴华非常喜欢他的表弟，但他发现其他歌手的表演甚至更好。根据句意及even可知用比较级。well的比较级是better。故填better.
14.I slept late yesterday morning; ______ (badly) still, my bike was out of order.
【答案】 worse
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：昨天早上我起晚了，更糟糕的是，我的自行车坏了。worse still更糟糕的是，是固定短语。此处用副词badly的比较级worse。故填worse.
15.Every time I heard others talk to me about my excellent examination result, I thought to myself that I would work even ________ (hard) and make greater progress.
【答案】harder
【解析】考查副词的比较级。句意：每次听到别人谈论我优异的考试成绩时，我都在想我会更加努力，取得更大的进步。根据语境，此处表示我会更加努力地工作，结合even可知，此处要使用副词hard比较级harder修饰动词work。故填harder.
16.As the language grows, our language is __________(constant) changing.
【答案】constantly
【解析】考查副词。句意：随着语言的发展，我们的语言也在不断地变化。分析句子可知，此处应用副词作状语修饰动词changing；constantly副词，意为“不断地”。故填constantly.
17.If you say OK, I think I can sit and lie _______________ (comfortable).
【答案】comfortably
【解析】考查副词。句意：如果你同意，我想我可以舒服地坐着和躺着。comfortably舒适地，此处修饰动词lie，故填comfortably.
18.She is not an outgoing person and she doesn't let anyone know what she ________ (true) feels.
【答案】truly
【解析】考查副词。句意：她不是一个外向的人，她不想让人知道她真实的感觉。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词feels。故填truly.
19.Nowadays, most of us can ________(easy) access the Internet.
【答案】easily
【解析】考查副词。句意：如今，我们大多数人都可以很容易地上网。根据句子结构，本题应用easy的副词形式easily，作句子的状语，修饰动词access。故填easily.
20.Although I know that he is not perfect, I do __________(actual) like him.
【答案】actually
【解析】句意：虽然我知道他不完美，但我确实喜欢他。分析句子结构，设空处要填副词来修饰like，故填 actually.
21._________(person), I am keen on pop music.
【答案】Personally
【解析】考查副词。句意：就我个人来说，我喜欢流行音乐。personally就本人而言; 就个人意见，副词，句首首字母大写。故填Personally.
22.Only since 1962 has the show been held __________ (annual).
【答案】annually
【解析】考查副词。annual adj.每年的；annually adv.每年；题干中需要的是副词修饰动词held，故填annually.
23.Sorry, but I can't understand ____ (entire) what you said just now.
【答案】entirely
【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰动词understand.故填entirely.
24.Any behaviour that is repeated enough times will ________ (eventual) become a habit and happen automatically.
【答案】eventually
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词用副词，故填eventually.
25.It has helped me become stronger, both mentally and __________(physical).
【答案】physically
【解析】考查副词。根据并列连词and可知，这里是并列的两个副词做状语。physically身体上地，符合语境，故填physically.
26.At the ancient Olympics, ________ (tradition) the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no clothes.
【答案】traditionally
【解析】考查副词和非谓语动词。句意：在古代奥运会上，传统上运动员都是男性，他们必须不穿衣服参加比赛。由句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子，tradition的副词为traditionally.故填traditionally.
27.He patted me _______ (gentle) on the back.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。patted为动词，空格处要填副词来修饰动词，gentle的副词是gently ，故填gently.
28.The plane will be landing in ___________(approximate) 20 minutes.
【答案】approximately
【解析】考查副词。分析句型可知，此处应用副词形式修饰后面的20 minutes，表示“程度”。根据句意，故填approximately.
29.________ (obvious), Linda is angry with Tom for his being late for their date.
【答案】Obviously
【解析】考查副词。句意：很明显，琳达对汤姆约会迟到而生气。设空处要填副词修饰整句话，且首字母要大写。故填Obviously.
30.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs (树枝) which ________ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
【答案】gradually
【解析】考查副词。句意：小块的食物可以很容易地用小树枝吃，小树枝逐渐演变成了筷子。这里要用副词修饰turn into，gradual的副词形式是gradually.故填gradually.
三 语法填空组合练 A B C
A
体裁: 应用文 主题语境: 建议信
I'm more than_____1______(please) to receive your letter for my advice on how to read books _____2____(correct).To read ____3_____(successful) requires right ways of reading, here is my advice.
First of all，choose a book which is neither too difficult nor too easy for you.If you find it too hard to go on with the book，just put it aside for a moment and change it for an____4____(easy) one._____5____(consequent)，choose books that you are not only ____6____(interest) in, but are ____7_____(benefit) to you，since reading is not always for fun only.___8____(final )，do make the most of dictionaries，as dictionaries are your ____9____(good) teachers.
I hope my advice will be greatly ____10____(help) to you.
________ 2.________ 3. ________ 4.________ 5.________
________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________
1.【答案】pleased
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意：我很高兴收到您的来信。be pleased to do sth是一个系表结构短语，表语需要用形容词形式，故填pleased.
2.【答案】correctly
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意：收到你的来信向我征求关于如何正确地读书我感到万分荣幸。副词修饰动词短语read books，需要把形容词改成副词。故填correctly.
3.【答案】successfully
【解析】此题考查副词的用法。句意：成功地读书需要正确的阅读方式，以下是我的建议。副词修饰动词read，需要把形容词改成副词。故填successfully.
4.【答案】easier
【解析】此题考查形容词比较级。句意： 如果你觉得很难继续读这本书，就把它放在一边一会儿，然后把它换成一本比较容易的。根据句意和语境，需要用形容词的比较级，故填easier.
5.【答案】consequently
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意：因此，选择你感兴趣的书籍阅读。句首状语“因此”，把形容词consequent改成副词consequently。故填consequently.
6.【答案】interested
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意： 选择那些不仅你感兴趣的书，而且对你有好处的书籍，因为阅读并不总是为了乐趣。 固定短语be interested in...“对。。。。。。感兴趣”，故填interested.
7.【答案】beneficial
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意：同上。固定短语be beneficial to...“对。。。。。。有好处”，故填beneficial.
8.【答案】finally
【解析】此题考查形容词的用法。句意：最后，一定要充分利用字典，因为字典是你最好的老师。句首状语“最后”，把形容词final改成副词finally,故填finally.
9.【答案】best
【解析】此题考查形容词的最高级。句意：同上。根据上下文语境和句意，需要用形容词的最高级。故填best.
10.【答案】helpful
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意：我希望我的建议能很大程度地帮助你。固定短语be helpful to...“对。。。。。。有帮助”，故填helpful.
B
体裁: 记叙文 主题语境:人与社会--民间艺术之王
The skills of a Chinese farmer named Li Fuyuan from East China's Fujian Province go beyond the field. ___1___ (know)as a real one-man music band, he is able to play 13 traditional Chinese musical instruments at the same time.
Li’s amazing talent has earned him 2title"King of Folk Arts”. He ___3___ (use) his mouth, hands,arms, legs and even shoulders during his performances. Over the years, Li___4___ (try) to learn more skills and add ___5___ (many) or example, using leaves in my instruments to his band.
“I like to take on new___ 6___ (challenge) to present more difficult performances. For example, using leaves in my mouth to perform a song and the dulcimer in my hand to play another," Li said, ___7___ ( add) that it took him a long time to find two songs of similar length, such as Für Elise and Liang Zhu.
Li is one of the Hakkas.“We have many beautiful Hakka folk songs, so I'm looking forward to ___8___ (find) other Hakka folk music pieces,"Li said.“ Now I have my students.I hope more people can learn about the Hakka culture through ___9___ ( I ) performances and ___10___ they can help pass on the excellent music from generation to generation. "
1. ________ 2.________ 3. ________ 4.________ 5.________
________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________
【答案】Known
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知___1___(know) as a real one-man music band 作状语, know和逻辑主语he为动宾关系,所以填Known表被动,注意句首字母要大写。
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。此处特指“King of Folk Arts”这个称号,所以填定冠词 the。
【答案】uses
【解析】考查时态语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知。空处在句中作谓语。主语He第三人称单数,其与use是主谓关系,且此处叙述的是一般情况,应用一般现在时。所以填uses。
【答案】 has been trying。
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语 Over the years 可知,此处应用完成时,主语是单数形式,且分析句意可知,此处指“努力从未停止”,所以用现在完成进行时。故填 has been trying 。
【答案】more
【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据空前的learn more skills 和上文中的___13___ traditional Chinese musical instruments 可知,此处是指“给他的乐队增加更多的乐器”，所以填more。
6.【答案】challenges
【解析】考查名词的数。分析句子可知,空处作宾语,应用名词形式。且 challenge 为可数名词,根据语境可知,此处应用复数形式。故填 challenges。
7.【答案】adding
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,空处应由非谓语动词形式作伴随状语,且add与逻辑主语为主谓关系,所以应由现在分词作伴随状语(表示“补充说道”)。故填 adding。
8.【答案】finding
【解析】考查固定搭配。look forward to 意为“盼望,期待”其中to为介词,其后接动词-ing形式作宾语。故填 finding。
【答案】my
【解析】考查代词。空格处作定语,修饰名词 performances,应用形容词性物主代词。故填my。
10.【答案】that
【解析】考查连词。hope后是and连接的两个并列的宾语从句，___10___they can help pass on the excellent music from generation to generation 是第二个宾语从句,该句不缺任何成分,所以应用that 来引导该从句。
C
体裁:说明文 主题语境:人与社会--通信方式的发展
Communication has changed a lot over the years. In the past, smoke signals___1___(use), but they must be applied in an area ___2___ they could be received. Later, ___3___ (letter) appeared. However, it would take them days or even weeks to reach their destinations. Something had to be developed ___4___(make) communicating easier and faster. There came the telegraph.
The telegraph was a ___5___ (high) successful system with the Morse Code, but it was basically limited to receiving and sending one message at a time. Bell ___6___ (change) it into transmitting multiple messages over the same wire at the same time. Therefore, the telephone came into use, ___7___ (bring) much quicker communication between people miles away.
Cellphones were one of ___8___ fastest growing telecommunications applications. In 2005, forecasters predicted that there would be over 100 million users worldwide. Today, cellphones are more common than landlines(座机). It is impossible to go out to the store or the restaurant without seeing someone on a cellphone.
There___9___ (be) many changes to the form of communication since it was first developed. It seems nothing is impossible. ___10___ cellphones to smart phones, mobile communication has started to take off.
________ 2.________ 3. ________ 4.________ 5.________
________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________
1.【答案】 were used
【解析】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。由时间状语In the past可知,此处应用一般过去时。主语 smoke signals为复数形式,其与use之间为动宾关系,所以应用被动语态。故填 were used。
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为area。空处在从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词 where 引导该从句。
【答案】letters
【解析】考查名词的数。名词letter意为“信件”,为可数名词。此空前无冠词修饰,所以用letter的复数形式。故填letters。
【答案】to make
【解析】考查非谓语动词。由句意可知，___4___(make) communicating easier and faster 在句中作目的状语所以应填动词不定式表目的。故填to make。
【答案】highly
【解析】考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词 successful,作状语,所以应用副词形式。故填 highly。
【答案】changed
【解析】考查时态。根据常识可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填changed。
【答案】bringing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，___7___(bring) much quicker communication between people miles away作结果状语,逻辑主语the telephone与bring之间是主谓关系,所以应用现在分词作结果状语。故填 bringing。
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。one of+the+形容词最高级”意为“最……之一”。故填 the。
【答案】have been
【解析】考查时态。由时间状语从句 since it was first developed 可知,此处应用现在完成时,且主语 many changes为复数。故填have been.
【答案】From
【解析】考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表示“从手机到智能手机”,应用from...to.(从……到……)。故填 From。
四 完形填空 组合练 A B C
A
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be __1__ to the public because of Italy's privacy laws, __2__ working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction (拍卖)” __3__ by the Italian police where things __4__ on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look __5__above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder __6__ until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he __7__ the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had __8__ from Turin. His son, age 15, who had __9__ an art appreciation class, thought that there was something __10__ about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he __11__ it, he only found “Bonnard，” a French __12__ he had never heard of. He bought a book and was __13__ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same __14__ as his father's painting.
“That's the garden in our picture，” Nicolo's son told his father. They __15__ learned that the painting they __16__was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They __17__ the other painting and learned that it was __18__ Paul Gauguin's “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The __19__ called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were __20__ and worth as much as $50 million.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo（尼科洛）的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来他的儿子经过研究发现这两幅画可能出自著名画家，经证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹。
1．A.attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文的“because of Italy's privacy laws”可知此处用be exposed to “暴露”符合语境，故选C。
2．A.finished B．delayed C．considered D．tried
【答案】 A
【解析】 finish “完成”；delay “推迟”；consider “考虑”；try “尝试”。根据上文的“It was just after sunrise on a June morning.”可推测Nicolo刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选A。
3．A.attended B．reserved C．cancelled D．run
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方经营的，把在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。attend “参加”；reserve “保护”；cancel “取消”；run “经营”。故选D。
4．A.shown B．found C．kept D．hidden
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据语境可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从火车上发现的，故选B。
5．A.nice B．familiar C．useful D．real
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意：在那里，在很多其他东西中，Nicolo看到了两幅画，他觉得它们挂在自己的餐桌上方看起来会很漂亮。故选A。
6．A.battled B．debated C．discussed D．bargained
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意：Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo最终以32美元的价格赢得了这两幅画。battle “竞争”；debate “辩论”；discuss “讨论”；bargain “讨价还价”。根据上文的“were sold to the highest bidder”可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A。
7．A.held B．left C．registered D．brought
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文的“He hung them above the same table”可知，Nicolo搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D。
8．A.chosen B．received C．ordered D．moved
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从都灵搬来的。故选D。
9．A.missed B．failed C．taken D．led
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes “上课”，故选C。
10．A.concrete B．unusual C．unappealing D．natural
【答案】 B
【解析】 concrete “具体的”；unusual “不寻常的”；unappealing “不吸引人的”；natural “自然的”。根据下文的“It was signed (签名) ‘Bonnato’ or so he thought”可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B。
11．A.appreciated B．touched C．researched D．witnessed
【答案】 C
【解析】 appreciate “欣赏”；touch “触摸”；research “研究”；witness “目睹”。根据下文的“he only found ‘Bonnard，’”可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C。
12．A.painter B．designer C．author D．actor
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文的“a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard”可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A。
13．A.expected B．surprised C．anxious D．ready
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文的“sitting on the same chair in the same __14__ as his father's painting”可知此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B。
14．A.room B．kitchen C．hall D．garden
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊地发现里面有一幅艺术家波纳尔的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。根据上文的“with a young girl sitting on a garden chair”可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D。
15．A.apparently B．confidently C．eventually D．temporarily
【答案】 C
【解析】 apparently “明显地”；confidently “自信地”；eventually “最后”；temporarily “暂时地”。根据上文的“He bought a book and was __13__ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same __14__ as his father's painting.”可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一幅画的名字，故选C。
16．A.owned B．borrowed C．sold D．stole
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文的“Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32”可知，这幅画的所有权是Nicolo的，即他们拥有它，故选A。
17．A.collected B．cleaned C．framed D．studied
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文的“but when he __11__ it”可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D。
18．A.suitably B．actually C．rightly D．specifically
【答案】 B
【解析】 此处是指他们研究了另外一幅画，事实证明也是一幅著名画家的画，故选B。
19．A.girl B．artist C．family D．police
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C。
20．A.copies B．originals C．models D．presents
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5,000万美元。copy “复制品”；original “原作”；model “模型”；present “礼物”。根据下文的“as much as $50 million”可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原作，故选B。
B
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid March— __1__ six months out of the year.
“Of course, we __2__ it when the sun is shining，” says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. “We see the sky is __3__， but down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a __4__ day.”
But that __5__ when a system of high tech __6__ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan __7__ their very first ray of winter sunshine：A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to __8__. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that __9__ them to turn along with the sun throughout the __10__ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam (束) of light onto the town's central __11__， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light __12__， Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been __13__ there and standing there and taking __14__ of each other，” Ro says. “The town square was totally __15__. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all __16__ the sunshine at the same time. __17__， the new light feels like more than enough for the town's __18__ residents.
“It's not very __19__，” she says, “but it is enough when we are __20__.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了挪威小城尤坎一年中接近半年无法得到阳光直射，这种情况通过运用高科技设备得以改善。
1．A.only B．obviously C．nearly D．precisely
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据设空前所述可知，此处指接近(nearly)六个月的时间。
2．A.fear B．believe C．hear D．notice
【答案】 D
【解析】 由上文可知挪威小城尤坎接近六个月的时间没有阳光直射，再根据下文引号里的话可知，当地人在阳光照耀的时候注意(notice)到天空是蓝色的，但山谷里较暗。
3．A.empty B．blue C．high D．wide
【答案】 B
【解析】 显然，该引号中的话为当地人注意到的情况——我们看到天空是蓝色的(blue)，但山谷里较暗。
4．AD.cloudy B．normal C．different D．warm
【答案】 A
【解析】 山谷里较暗，就像阴天(cloudy)一样。
5．A.helped B．changed C．happened D．mattered
【答案】 B
【解析】 但是当一套高科技的镜子系统被引进之后，这种状况改变(change)了。
6．A.computers B．telescopes C．mirrors D．cameras
【答案】 C
【解析】 由下文中的“The mirrors are controlled ...”可知设空处填mirror(镜子)。
7．A.remembered B．forecasted C．received D．imagined
【答案】 C
【解析】 由上下文可知，在引进高科技的镜子系统后，尤坎居民收到(receive)了冬日里的第一束光。
8．A.repair B．risk C．rest D．use
【答案】 D
【解析】 由该句前的冒号可知，此句介绍尤坎居民是如何得到光源的——附近山坡上的一排反射板投入使用。put to use “投入使用”，符合语境。
9．A.forbids B．directs C．predicts D．follows
【答案】 B
【解析】 这些镜子是由电脑控制的，电脑可以让它们在白天随着太阳转动，在有风的天气里关闭。direct “管理，指挥”，符合语境。
10．A.day B．night C．month D．year
【答案】 A
【解析】 因为是要反射光源，肯定是在白天。throughout the day“整个白天”，符合语境。
11．A.library B．hall C．square D．street
【答案】 C
【解析】 由下一段中的“The town square was totally ...”可知，设空处填square。
12．A.appeared B．returned C．faded D．stopped
【答案】 A
【解析】 当光出现(appear)的时候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。
13．A.driving B．hiding C．camping D．sitting
【答案】 D
【解析】 与设空后的standing对应的是sitting，指人们或坐或站，故选D项。
14．A.pictures B．notes C．care D．hold
【答案】 A
【解析】 人们或坐或站，互相拍照。take pictures of “给……拍照”，符合语境。
15．A.new B．full C．flat D．silent
【答案】 B
【解析】 由设空后的“我觉得几乎镇上所有人都在那里了”可知城镇广场充满了(full)人。
16．A.block B．avoid C．enjoy D．store
【答案】 C
【解析】 3,500个居民不能同时享受(enjoy)阳光。
17．A.Instead B．However C．Gradually D．Similarly
【答案】 B
【解析】 设空前提到居民不能同时享受阳光，设空后说，新光线对小镇居民而言已经足够了，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系，故填however (然而)。
18．A.nature loving B．energy saving C．weather beaten D．sun starved
【答案】 D
【解析】 尤坎小镇原本每年有接近六个月的时间不见阳光，所以说他们是渴望阳光的(sun starved)居民。
19．A.big B．clear C．cold D．easy
【答案】 A
【解析】 上文提到光线可以照射到的范围大约为600平方米，因此它面积不大(big)。
20．A.trying B．waiting C．watching D．sharing
【答案】 D
【解析】 虽然反射的光线可以照射到的范围较小，但对居民共享(share)阳光而言是足够了。
C
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, __1__ can also drive you mad. They'll come rushing in, __2__ their handbag's been stolen. They'll __3__ that they left it in the changing room, create havoc (混乱) and then __4__ it had been in their car all the time. They'll have out half the __5__ in the shop, and want the only style you don't have left in a __6__ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep __7__.
I remember the first really __8__ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was __9__ absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather __10__ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she __11__ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat __12__， and since she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on __13__ people.
That taught me a valuable __14__ and I pass it on to the people who __15__ in the market. Don't take it __16__. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband. Maybe her child's not __17__.” Always water it down and don't let your ego (自我) get __18__. If you do, you won't be able to __19__ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that __20__ everyone's day.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者遇到了一位难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后这位顾客和作者的交流让作者学到了宝贵的一课。
1．A.shopkeepers B．customers C．salespersons D．receptionists
【答案】 B
【解析】 shopkeeper “店主”；customer “顾客”；salesperson “售货员”； receptionist “接待员”。根据上文“I care deeply about my customers”可知，作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
2．A.saying B．pretending C．guessing D．replying
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据后文“their handbag's been stolen”可知，此处是指说的内容，应用say。故选A。
3．A.agree B．promise C．imagine D．swear
【答案】 D
【解析】 agree “同意”；promise “承诺”；imagine “想象”；swear “发誓”。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
4．A.forget B．decide C．discover D．assume
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据后文“it had been in their car all the time”可知，顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，最后发现(discover)包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
5．A.foods B．catalogues C．belongings D．goods
【答案】 D
【解析】 food “食物”；catalogue “目录”；belonging “所有物”；goods “商品”。根据后文“in the shop”可知，此处指的是商店里的商品。故选D。
6．A.particular B．different C．matching D．natural
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“the only style you don't have left in a”可知，顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种颜色特别(particular)但没有存货的款式。故选A。
7．A.fighting B．smiling C．waiting D．changing
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词表示转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
8．A.generous B．polite C．careless D．difficult
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据后文“nothing was right”可知，这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。
9．A.curious about B．displeased with C．patient with D．uncertain about
【答案】 B
【解析】 curious about “好奇”；displeased with “对……不满意”；patient with “对……有耐心”；uncertain about “对……不能肯定”。根据后文“nothing was right”可知，这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
10．A.relaxed B．delighted C．surprised D．embarrassed
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上下文可知，这位顾客对一切都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶。故选C。
11．A.searched B．argued C．prayed D．apologized
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据语境可知，顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for “为某事道歉”。故选D。
12．A.by chance B．by herself C．on purpose D．on duty
【答案】 B
【解析】by chance “偶然”；by herself “独自地”；on purpose “故意地”；on duty “值班”。根据上文“She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat”可知，女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
13．A.rude B．such C．other D．lonely
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“since she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on”可知，她难以应对这样的压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people “其他人”。故选C。
14．A.lesson B．trick C．skill D．trade
【答案】 A
【解析】 lesson “课程，教训”；trick “诡计”；skill “技能”；trade “贸易”。根据后文作者的感悟可知，这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
15．A.work B．shop C．meet D．quarrel
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据后文“in the market”可知，是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
16．A.kindly B．secretly C．personally D．casually
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知，此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally “在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
17．A.ready B．away C．up D．well
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“Maybe she's had a row with her husband”可知，此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
18．A.out of sight B．in the way C．behind the scene D．above the law
【答案】 B
【解析】out of sight “看不见”；in the way “妨碍，挡道”；behind the scene “幕后”；above the law “凌驾于法律之上”。上文作者提到不要太在意一些粗鲁或难缠的顾客的言语或行为，要淡化这种不好的情绪，即不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
19．A.stress B．expect C．handle D．blame
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
20．A.ruins B．makes C．starts D．saves
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that”可知，一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁(ruin)了每个人的一天。故选A。
