英语试题 原卷版
第一部分: 听力(略)
第二部分: 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Four Inspiring Movies
Forrest Gump（1992）
Forrest Gump is a simple man with a low IQ but good intentions. This movie follows the fictional story in which the simple man makes his way through some of the more turbulent（动荡的）times from the 1960s through 1980s. This film took home six Oscars, inspired a “Weird Al” song, and proves that a big heart is the most important thing.
It's a Wonderful Life（1946）
No movie list would be complete without a nod to the past. Let's go with this Christmas classic, about a man with serious financial troubles who intends to commit suicide（自杀）by jumping off a bridge. His guardian angel Clarence Odbody stops him and tells him what life would have been like for those close to him had he never been born. Realizing how much he means to others, he rushes back home and all sorts of happy, inspirational, Christmassy things happen.
Dead Poet's Society（1990）
John Keating（Robin Williams）is a high school English literature teacher at a famous all-male boarding school who gets into trouble with the school administration after encouraging his students to challenge authority and think for themselves. It is certainly inspirational, if not also frustratingly sad.
A Beautiful Mind（2001）
This movie tells the story of John Nash（Russell Crowe）, a professor at Princeton, a US university, who revolutionized the field of game theory and fell into madness as a result of paranoid schizophrenia（精神分裂症）. With the love and support of his family as well as the help of medical professionals, he managed to overcome his mental illness and continued to make contributions to the field of mathematics.
1. What can we know about It's a Wonderful Life
A. It proves a big heart important.
B. It has a happy ending.
C. It tells a story of friendship.
D. It is famous for the leading role.
2. Which film are Robin Williams' fans more likely to watch
A. Forrest Gump. B. I's a Wonderful Life.
C. Dead Poet's Society. D. A Beautiful Mind.
3. At the end of A Beautiful Mind，the professor___________.
A. became a famous expert in psychology
B. got his family's support for studying game theory
C. gained lots of experience in treating schizophrenia
D. defeated the disease and went on to pursue maths
B
Queen Elizabeth National Park is a place of outstanding beauty and extreme biodiversity. On a previous underwater assignment with my wife and photographic partner, Jennifer Hayes, we’d documented healthy coral reefs surrounded with fish, sharks, and crocodiles. We knew that time, increased tourism and climate change could make the park different—so 15 years later, we returned to see how it was going.
We were photographing some jellyfish. Jennifer, her back to me, was focused on something above her. Out of the corner of my viewfinder, I saw a sizable crocodile coming. As I began to take its photograph, I realized that the crocodile was going to swim directly between Jennifer and me. I started to make loud noises through my regulator and moved towards Jen, firing a burst of flash-lit shots to warn her that we had company. She quickly detected my signal and turned to meet our visitor.
She gave me a quick thumbs-up, nodded OK, and said “Hello, handsome” as she bent closer to take its photos. I admired her for treating the crocodile with respect, calm curiosity, and absolute joy. She didn’t feel threatened. She was familiar with this kind of crocodile in this particular place—and she had a big underwater camera housing that could double as a mighty shield (盾牌) if needed. After a few pictures the crocodile, unimpressed with us, swam downstream on its way to do other crocodile things. We continued our search for jellyfish.
There is always risk in our line of work. But this encounter highlighted the good news that we saw all around us here. The crocodile is an indicator animal, a symbol of a healthy ecosystem that can support top predators (捕食性动物). The easing of travel restrictions is bound to bring more tourists—so it’s vital to maintain a balance among ecotourism, exploration, and conservation. That’s possible if visitors adopt the same philosophy that we hold toward that curious crocodile. We enter Earth’s oceans on their terms, not our own.
4 What was the author’s purpose in returning to Queen Elizabeth National Park
A. To enjoy its beauty. B. To assess a document.
C. To check its ecosystem. D. To photograph jellyfish.
5. Why did Jennifer feel at ease with the crocodile
A. She met it before. B. She trusted her husband.
C. She could protect herself. D. She longed for its company.
6. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part in the last paragraph
A. Explore nature with curiosity.
B. Respect nature while exploring it.
C. Study nature while developing tourism.
D. Protect nature through biological research.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. A Narrow Escape B. A Risky Job
C. An Underwater Assignment D. A Chance Meeting
C
Bacteria are a troublesome problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物)from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces(表面)of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA solving this very tiny big problem It’s turning to a group of high school kids. But not just any kids. It’s depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they`re close to a solution. “We don`t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager. “There are no tests,” Gordon says.
“There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades other than ‘Are you working towards your goal ’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and… it’s not a very nice thing at time. It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an influence on college admissions(录取)and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that troublesome bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
8. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A. They appear different forms. B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They are hard to get rid of. D. They damage the instruments.
9. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B. To develop students’ communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D. To link space technology with school education.
10. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs.
C. Balance work schedules. D. Grade their homework.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts. B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C Nature: An Outdoor Classroom. D. HUNCH: A College Admission Improvement.
D
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
12. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls
A. Panicked. B. Confused. C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed.
13. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can ________.
A. aim at victims precisely B. damage databases easily
C. start campaigns rapidly D. spread information widely
14. What does the passage imply
A. Honesty is the best policy.
B. Technologies can be double-edged.
C. There are more solutions than problems.
D. Credibility holds the key to development.
15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Adapted from Liang Xiaosheng’s award-winning novel, the realistic drama A Li felong Journey recently has been a huge hit on TV and online. ____16____
Given that A Lifelong Journey is set in the 1960s, it’s not surprising that the family has to deal with lots of social changes and uncertainties, like the restoration of Gaokao, the country’s reform and opening-up, the passion for private business and so on. ____17____ To create the neighborhood, the shooting crew built a set covering 8, 000 square meters in Changchun, Jilin province, collecting many old items, such as old-fashioned televisions and calendars, to re-create the past. The clothing, like Lei Feng-style hats, and interior spaces, also play an essential part, changing with time as the plot develops.
The five virtues in Confucianism—benevolence (仁), righteousness (义), courtesy(礼), wisdom and trust can be found in the lead character Zhou Bingkun, the youngest son in the family. ____18____ In the show, Zhou Bingkun used to be a factory worker, the one who has taken care of the big family and friends selflessly.
Following the lives of Zhou’s family, the drama gives viewers an insight into the lives of ordinary Chinese. ____19____ It is the kind of show that strikes your heartstrings and leaves you in tears even if you’ve already read the book. ____20____
A. No wonder viewers thought highly of this drama.
B. It is time to create such a drama to remember the bygone times.
C. China has witnessed dramatic changes over the past five decades.
D. And it explores themes of family, friendship and romance in a bittersweet story.
E. He was played by Lei Jiayin, who says he can almost “see his father” in the drama.
F. Disney has also announced it has acquired the drama series for an international release.
G. Most of the narrative took place in a shantytown (棚户区), where Zhou’s family lives.
第三部分: 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It took humans thousands of years to understand our own planet, and centuries ___21___ our neighboring planets. Nowadays, new worlds are being ___22___ every week.
Up to the present time, astronomers have ___23___ more than 370 “exoplanets”—planets orbiting (绕……运动) outer space stars (恒星) other than our sun. There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so ___24___ that a year there lasts less than three days. ___25___ another star 150 light-years out is a burning “hot Jupiter (木星),” where upper atmosphere (大气层) is being burning to form a huge comet-like tail. Astronomers have found another three ___26___ orbiting a pulsar (脉冲星)—the remains of a once huge star shrinking (收缩) into a small atomic nucleus the ___27___ of a city. Some planets have obviously fallen into their suns. Others have been thrown out of their ___28___ to become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.
Among all these, scientists are eager to find a clue of the ___29___: planets like the Earth. That is, planets orbiting their stars at just the right distance—neither too hot nor too cold—to ____30____ life as we know it. We have not yet found planets that are quite like our own, ____31____ because they’re inconspicuous (不起眼的). To see a planet as ____32____ and slim as ours among the brightness of its star is like trying to see a firefly in a fireworks display. ____33____ by pushing technology to the ____34____, astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth. And when they do, they can examine it for ____35____ of life.
21. A. explore B. separate C. forget D. defend
22. A. revised B. discovered C. saved D. created
23. A. travelled B. damaged C. recognized D. ignored
24. A. slowly B. easily C. wrongly D. rapidly
25. A. Removing B. Circling C. Lighting D. Showing
26. A. stars B. moons C. planets D. satellites
27. A. type B. distance C. power D. size
28. A. authorities B. species C. systems D. facilities
29. A. familiar B. previous C. unknown D. distant
30. A. hide B. discover C. injure D. support
31. A. luckily B. instantly C. probably D. officially
32. A. small B. bright C. blue D. clear
33. A. And B. Yet C. So D. Thus
34. A. limits B. ends C. opposites D. beginnings
35 A. examples B. designs C. means D. signs
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分 英语知识运用 (共四节，满分20分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据汉意或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式。
36. A d__________ (意志坚定的) person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
37. Please write and tell me what is the p__________ (程序) for applying for a visa. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
38. China is fully capable of supplying s_________ (充足的) raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
39. He wrote a very formal letter of a__________ (道歉) to his teacher for his behavior. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
40. My own problems seem insignificant c_________（比较）with other people's. （根据中英文提示填空）
41. After three hours of waiting for the train, our p_________ (耐心) was finally gone. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
42. We are doing our best to finish the task as soon as possible with the limited r______ (n.资源). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
43. This report offered the most s__________ (具体的) and accurate description of the problem. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
44. She was in red and could be easily s__________ (发现) in the crowd. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
45. After several delays, we e__________ (最后) took off at six o’clock. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
第二节 原文填空(每空只写一词)(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
根据课文内容填空
____46____ time, some plants develop features which help them to ____47____ in particular conditions. Plants with helpful features are more likely to survive and _____48_____. Plants without these features often die ____49____. This process is called natural ____50____.
Countries around the ____51____ are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money ____52____ space. ____53____, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and ____54____ diseases. However, others feel this is a _____55_____ view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
第三节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或使用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
56. __________ (judge) from his dress, he’s probably a Tibetan. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. Conditions _________ (permit), I’ll go abroad to further my study. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. Without any __________ (hesitate), the firefighters rushed into the burning building to rescue those trapped. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. To live a healthy life, my grandpa __________ (regular) takes a walk after dinner. (所给词适当形式填空)
60. While regularly eating out seems _________________ (become) common for many young people in recent years, it is not without a cost. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61. I don’t know why the young couple are getting into an_________(argue).
62. The local government has done everything it can __________ (save) the buried miners. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63. It is for this reason______________ Spanish is the main official language of Peru. （用适当的词填空）
64. The park rules state that no child __________ be allowed to play on the slide without the company of an adult. (用适当的词填空)
65. There is no such thing __________ a free lunch. (用适当的词填空)
第五部分: 书面表达(满分15分)
66. 随着科学技术的进步，人工智能技术在生活多领域广泛应用，请以“Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence ”为题写一篇议论文，并包含如下内容：
1. 人工智能技术使人们生活更加便利；
2. 人工智能机器人可帮助人类完成危险工作；
3. 人工智能技术的弊端；
4. 阐述自己的观点。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
advocate: 支持，提倡 facial recognition: 人脸识别
Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________英语试题 解析版
第一部分: 听力(略)
第二部分: 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Four Inspiring Movies
Forrest Gump（1992）
Forrest Gump is a simple man with a low IQ but good intentions. This movie follows the fictional story in which the simple man makes his way through some of the more turbulent（动荡的）times from the 1960s through 1980s. This film took home six Oscars, inspired a “Weird Al” song, and proves that a big heart is the most important thing.
It's a Wonderful Life（1946）
No movie list would be complete without a nod to the past. Let's go with this Christmas classic, about a man with serious financial troubles who intends to commit suicide（自杀）by jumping off a bridge. His guardian angel Clarence Odbody stops him and tells him what life would have been like for those close to him had he never been born. Realizing how much he means to others, he rushes back home and all sorts of happy, inspirational, Christmassy things happen.
Dead Poet's Society（1990）
John Keating（Robin Williams）is a high school English literature teacher at a famous all-male boarding school who gets into trouble with the school administration after encouraging his students to challenge authority and think for themselves. It is certainly inspirational, if not also frustratingly sad.
A Beautiful Mind（2001）
This movie tells the story of John Nash（Russell Crowe）, a professor at Princeton, a US university, who revolutionized the field of game theory and fell into madness as a result of paranoid schizophrenia（精神分裂症）. With the love and support of his family as well as the help of medical professionals, he managed to overcome his mental illness and continued to make contributions to the field of mathematics.
1. What can we know about It's a Wonderful Life
A. It proves a big heart important.
B. It has a happy ending.
C. It tells a story of friendship.
D. It is famous for the leading role.
2. Which film are Robin Williams' fans more likely to watch
A. Forrest Gump. B. I's a Wonderful Life.
C. Dead Poet's Society. D. A Beautiful Mind.
3. At the end of A Beautiful Mind，the professor___________.
A. became a famous expert in psychology
B. got his family's support for studying game theory
C. gained lots of experience in treating schizophrenia
D. defeated the disease and went on to pursue maths
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一则电影广告。文章介绍了四部鼓舞人心的电影。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据It's a Wonderful Life（1946）中Realizing how much he means to others, he rushes back home and all sorts of happy, inspirational, Christmassy things happen. “意识到自己对别人有多重要，他急忙回家，各种各样的快乐，鼓舞人心，圣诞节般的事情发生了。”由此判断出，“It's a Wonderful Life”有一个快乐的结尾。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Dead Poet's Society（1990）中John Keating（Robin Williams）is a high school English literature teacher at a famous all-male boarding school who gets into trouble with the school administration after encouraging his students to challenge authority and think for themselves. It is certainly inspirational, if not also frustratingly sad. “约翰·基廷(罗宾·威廉姆斯饰)是一所著名寄宿男校的高中英语文学老师，他鼓励学生挑战权威、独立思考，却因此惹上了学校管理的麻烦。它肯定是鼓舞人心的，如果不是也令人沮丧的悲伤。”由此判断出，Robin Williams的粉丝更有可能观看电影Dead Poet's Society.故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Beautiful Mind（2001）中With the love and support of his family as well as the help of medical professionals, he managed to overcome his mental illness and continued to make contributions to the field of mathematics.“在家人的关爱和支持以及医学专业人士的帮助下，他成功地克服了精神疾病，并继续在数学领域做出贡献。”由此可知，在《美丽心灵》一书的结尾，教授战胜了疾病，继续追求数学。故选D。
B
Queen Elizabeth National Park is a place of outstanding beauty and extreme biodiversity. On a previous underwater assignment with my wife and photographic partner, Jennifer Hayes, we’d documented healthy coral reefs surrounded with fish, sharks, and crocodiles. We knew that time, increased tourism and climate change could make the park different—so 15 years later, we returned to see how it was going.
We were photographing some jellyfish. Jennifer, her back to me, was focused on something above her. Out of the corner of my viewfinder, I saw a sizable crocodile coming. As I began to take its photograph, I realized that the crocodile was going to swim directly between Jennifer and me. I started to make loud noises through my regulator and moved towards Jen, firing a burst of flash-lit shots to warn her that we had company. She quickly detected my signal and turned to meet our visitor.
She gave me a quick thumbs-up, nodded OK, and said “Hello, handsome” as she bent closer to take its photos. I admired her for treating the crocodile with respect, calm curiosity, and absolute joy. She didn’t feel threatened. She was familiar with this kind of crocodile in this particular place—and she had a big underwater camera housing that could double as a mighty shield (盾牌) if needed. After a few pictures the crocodile, unimpressed with us, swam downstream on its way to do other crocodile things. We continued our search for jellyfish.
There is always risk in our line of work. But this encounter highlighted the good news that we saw all around us here. The crocodile is an indicator animal, a symbol of a healthy ecosystem that can support top predators (捕食性动物). The easing of travel restrictions is bound to bring more tourists—so it’s vital to maintain a balance among ecotourism, exploration, and conservation. That’s possible if visitors adopt the same philosophy that we hold toward that curious crocodile. We enter Earth’s oceans on their terms, not our own.
4. What was the author’s purpose in returning to Queen Elizabeth National Park
A. To enjoy its beauty. B. To assess a document.
C. To check its ecosystem. D. To photograph jellyfish.
5. Why did Jennifer feel at ease with the crocodile
A. She met it before. B. She trusted her husband.
C. She could protect herself. D. She longed for its company.
6. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part in the last paragraph
A. Explore nature with curiosity.
B. Respect nature while exploring it.
C. Study nature while developing tourism.
D. Protect nature through biological research.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. A Narrow Escape B. A Risky Job
C. An Underwater Assignment D. A Chance Meeting
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议。讲述了作者和妻子返回伊丽莎白女王国家公园去查看生态系统的变化，其中偶遇了一只鳄鱼，通过和鳄鱼的短暂接触，发现公园的生态系统维持良好，最后呼吁我们在探索自然过程中要敬畏自然。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“We knew that time, increased tourism and climate change could make the park different—so 15 years later, we returned to see how it was going. (我们知道，随着时间的推移，旅游业的增长和气候变化可能会使公园变得不同，所以15年后，我们回来看看它是如何发展的)”可知，作者和妻子回来是想看看伊丽莎白女王国家公园的变化。可推测出他们主要是想看看公园的生态系统。故答案为C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“I admired her for treating the crocodile with respect, calm curiosity, and absolute joy. She didn’t feel threatened. She was familiar with this kind of crocodile in this particular place—and she had a big underwater camera housing that could double as a mighty shield (盾牌) if needed. (我钦佩她对鳄鱼的尊重、淡定的好奇心和喜悦。她并没有感到被威胁。在这个特殊的地方她对这种鳄鱼很熟悉，况且她还有一个巨大的水下摄像机外壳，可以充当强大的盾牌如果需要的话)”可知，妻子有可充当盾牌的东西保护自己，所以选项C符合题意。故答案为C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。本段前文“The crocodile is an indicator animal, a symbol of a healthy ecosystem that can support top predators (捕食性动物). The easing of travel restrictions is bound to bring more tourists—so it’s vital to maintain a balance among ecotourism, exploration, and conservation. That’s possible if visitors adopt the same philosophy that we hold toward that curious crocodile. (鳄鱼是一种代表性动物，是健康生态系统可以支持顶级捕食者生存的象征。旅游限制的放宽必然会引来更多的游客——因此维持生态旅游、探险和保护生态这三者之间的平衡至关重要。如果游客采用我们对待那只好奇的鳄鱼的相同理念的话，这种平衡是可能达成的)”强调我们要维持三者之间的平衡。由前文可知，作者和妻子是对鳄鱼持以尊重的态度，所以呼吁我们在旅游时也要对生态秉承相同尊重的态度。故答案为B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章刚开始讲述了作者和妻子重返伊丽莎白女王国家公园想查看生态环境的变化，后来在拍照过程中偶遇了一只鳄鱼。通过和鳄鱼的短暂接触，作者呼吁我们在探索自然的过程中对自然持尊重的态度。所以D选项“A chance meeting (一次偶遇)可作为本篇文章的标题。故选D项。
C
Bacteria are a troublesome problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物)from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces(表面)of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA solving this very tiny big problem It’s turning to a group of high school kids. But not just any kids. It’s depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they`re close to a solution. “We don`t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager. “There are no tests,” Gordon says.
“There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal ’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and… it’s not a very nice thing at time. It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an influence on college admissions(录取)and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that troublesome bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
8. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A. They appear different forms. B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They are hard to get rid of. D. They damage the instruments.
9. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B. To develop students’ communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D. To link space technology with school education.
10. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs.
C. Balance work schedules. D. Grade their homework.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts. B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom. D. HUNCH: A College Admission Improvement.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文，介绍了美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH计划。参与这个计划的高中生制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品，此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来，把空间技术带进课堂，与学校教育相结合，这项计划实施结果显示会影响到学生的生活和大学录取。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bacteria are a troublesome problem for astronauts. The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.”可知，细菌对宇航员来说是个令人讨厌的问题。这种来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面不受控制地生长，宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。也就是说它们很难去掉。故C项正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they`re close to a solution.”可知，HUNCH旨在把高中教室和NASA的工程师联系起来。Gordon的学生一直在研究如何在零重力下杀死细菌；结合最后一段中的“Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.”可知，学生每天都给NASA的工程师发邮件一起探讨（如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术）这个问题。由此可推断出HUNCH program的目的是把空间技术与学校教育相结合。故D项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Engineers come and really do an in-person review”可知，NASA的工程师会亲自审核学生们所做的产品。故A项正确。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章以国际空间站里的微生物很难清除开头，引出宇航员们解决此问题的途径——借助美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH高中班，此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来。在这项计划里，学生们通过homework（制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品）探索浩瀚的太空，因此“太空：最后的功课疆域”最适合做文章的标题。故B项正确。
D
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
12. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls
A. Panicked. B. Confused. C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed.
13. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can ________.
A. aim at victims precisely B. damage databases easily
C. start campaigns rapidly D. spread information widely
14. What does the passage imply
A. Honesty is the best policy.
B. Technologies can be double-edged.
C. There are more solutions than problems.
D. Credibility holds the key to development.
15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提到：robocalls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Adapted from Liang Xiaosheng’s award-winning novel, the realistic drama A Li felong Journey recently has been a huge hit on TV and online. ____16____
Given that A Lifelong Journey is set in the 1960s, it’s not surprising that the family has to deal with lots of social changes and uncertainties, like the restoration of Gaokao, the country’s reform and opening-up, the passion for private business and so on. ____17____ To create the neighborhood, the shooting crew built a set covering 8, 000 square meters in Changchun, Jilin province, collecting many old items, such as old-fashioned televisions and calendars, to re-create the past. The clothing, like Lei Feng-style hats, and interior spaces, also play an essential part, changing with time as the plot develops.
The five virtues in Confucianism—benevolence (仁), righteousness (义), courtesy(礼), wisdom and trust can be found in the lead character Zhou Bingkun, the youngest son in the family. ____18____ In the show, Zhou Bingkun used to be a factory worker, the one who has taken care of the big family and friends selflessly.
Following the lives of Zhou’s family, the drama gives viewers an insight into the lives of ordinary Chinese. ____19____ It is the kind of show that strikes your heartstrings and leaves you in tears even if you’ve already read the book. ____20____
A. No wonder viewers thought highly of this drama.
B. It is time to create such a drama to remember the bygone times.
C. China has witnessed dramatic changes over the past five decades.
D. And it explores themes of family, friendship and romance in a bittersweet story.
E. He was played by Lei Jiayin, who says he can almost “see his father” in the drama.
F. Disney has also announced it has acquired the drama series for an international release.
G. Most of the narrative took place in a shantytown (棚户区), where Zhou’s family lives.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了由作家梁晓声的作品改编的电视剧《人世间》。该电视剧回顾了距今五十年中国老百姓的生活，追溯了新中国发展的历史。
【16题详解】
上文“Adapted from Liang Xiaosheng’s award-winning novel, the realistic drama A Lifelong Journey recently has been a huge hit on TV and online. (改编自梁晓声获奖小说的现实主义电视剧《人世间》近日在电视和线上大受欢迎。)”说明《人世间》这部电视剧大受欢迎。F项“Disney has also announced it has acquired the drama series for an international release. (迪士尼还宣布已收购该剧集，在国际上发行。)”承接上文，说明《人世间》这部电视剧受欢迎的程度。故选F。
【17题详解】
下文“To create the neighborhood, the shooting crew built a set covering 8, 000 square meters in Changchun, Jilin province, collecting many old items, such as old-fashioned televisions and calendars, to re-create the past. (为了创造这个街区，拍摄人员在吉林省长春市建造了占地8000平方米的布景，收集了许多旧物品，如老式电视和日历，以重现过去。)”介绍了电视剧的拍摄场景和物件。G项“Most of the narrative took place in a shantytown (棚户区), where Zhou’s family lives. (大部分故事发生在周家居住的棚户区。)”引出下文，介绍故事发生的地点。故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“The five virtues in Confucianism—benevolence (仁), righteousness (义), courtesy(礼), wisdom and trust can be found in the lead character Zhou Bingkun, the youngest son in the family. (儒家的五大美德——仁、义、礼、智和信，都可以在主人公周秉坤身上找到。)”及下文“In the show, Zhou Bingkun used to be a factory worker, the one who has taken care of the big family and friends selflessly. (在剧中，周秉坤曾经是一名工厂工人，那个无私照顾大家庭和朋友的人。)”介绍电视剧主人公的美好品质。E项“He was played by Lei Jiayin, who says he can almost “see his father” in the drama. (他由雷佳音饰演，雷佳音说他几乎可以在剧中“看到他的父亲”。)”承上启下，介绍主人公周秉坤。故选E。
【19题详解】
上文“Following the lives of Zhou’s family, the drama gives viewers an insight into the lives of ordinary Chinese. (这部剧讲述了周家的生活，让观众深入了解了普通中国人的生活。)”讲述了这部剧的主题和内容。D项“And it explores themes of family, friendship and romance in a bittersweet story. (在一个苦乐参半的故事中探索了家庭，友谊和浪漫的主题。)”承接上文，讲述了这部剧的主题和内容。故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“It is the kind of show that strikes your heartstrings and leaves you in tears even if you’ve already read the book. (这种节目会让你心跳加速，即使你已经读过这本书，也会让你流泪。)”是对该剧的评价。A项“No wonder viewers thought highly of this drama. (难怪观众对这部剧评价很高。)”总结上文，继续说观众对这部剧的高评价，故选A。
第三部分: 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It took humans thousands of years to understand our own planet, and centuries ___21___ our neighboring planets. Nowadays, new worlds are being ___22___ every week.
Up to the present time, astronomers have ___23___ more than 370 “exoplanets”—planets orbiting (绕……运动) outer space stars (恒星) other than our sun. There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so ___24___ that a year there lasts less than three days. ___25___ another star 150 light-years out is a burning “hot Jupiter (木星),” where upper atmosphere (大气层) is being burning to form a huge comet-like tail. Astronomers have found another three ___26___ orbiting a pulsar (脉冲星)—the remains of a once huge star shrinking (收缩) into a small atomic nucleus the ___27___ of a city. Some planets have obviously fallen into their suns. Others have been thrown out of their ___28___ to become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.
Among all these, scientists are eager to find a clue of the ___29___: planets like the Earth. That is, planets orbiting their stars at just the right distance—neither too hot nor too cold—to ____30____ life as we know it. We have not yet found planets that are quite like our own, ____31____ because they’re inconspicuous (不起眼的). To see a planet as ____32____ and slim as ours among the brightness of its star is like trying to see a firefly in a fireworks display. ____33____ by pushing technology to the ____34____, astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth. And when they do, they can examine it for ____35____ of life.
21. A. explore B. separate C. forget D. defend
22. A. revised B. discovered C. saved D. created
23. A. travelled B. damaged C. recognized D. ignored
24. A. slowly B. easily C. wrongly D. rapidly
25. A. Removing B. Circling C. Lighting D. Showing
26. A. stars B. moons C. planets D. satellites
27. A. type B. distance C. power D. size
28. A. authorities B. species C. systems D. facilities
29. A. familiar B. previous C. unknown D. distant
30. A. hide B. discover C. injure D. support
31. A. luckily B. instantly C. probably D. officially
32. A. small B. bright C. blue D. clear
33. A. And B. Yet C. So D. Thus
34. A. limits B. ends C. opposites D. beginnings
35. A. examples B. designs C. means D. signs
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了除地球外的其他“系外行星”并介绍了人类为了寻找与地球相似的行星所做出的努力。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类花了数千年的时间才了解了我们自己的星球，并花了数百年的时间探索我们邻近的星球。A. explore探索；B. separate分离；C. forget忘记；D. defend保卫。根据后文内容可知，后文内容介绍的是我们邻近的星球，由此可知，句中指花了数百年的时间探索我们邻近的星球，有探索才会有发现。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，每周都有新的世界被发现。A. revised修改，复习；B. discovered发现；C. saved拯救；D. created创造。根据句中“new worlds”可知，随着人类的不断探索，应该是有新的世界被发现。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，天文学家已经识别了370多颗“系外行星”——围绕太阳以外的外层空间恒星运行的行星。A. travelled旅行；B. damaged损坏；C. recognized认出，识别；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“hot Saturn”和“hot Jupiter”可知，下文介绍的是其他“系外行星”，由此可知，句中指天文学家已经识别了370多颗“系外行星”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一个距离地球260光年的“热土星”，它绕其母星运行的速度如此之快，以至于在那里一年的持续时间不到三天。A. slowly慢速地；B. easily容易地；C. wrongly错误地；D. rapidly迅速地，很快地。根据句中“a year there lasts less than three days”可知，在那里一年的持续时间不到三天，由此可知，“热土星”绕其母星运行的速度是很快的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：环绕150光年外的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”，在那里上层大气正在燃烧，形成一个巨大的彗星状尾巴。A. Removing移动；B. Circling环绕……移动；C. Lighting点燃；D. Showing展示。根据上文“There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so…”中的“orbits”可知，句中应用“Circling”，意为“环绕……移动”，指环绕150光年外的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星——一颗曾经巨大的恒星的残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核。A. stars恒星；B. moons月亮；C. planets行星；D. satellites人造卫星。根据上文“exoplanets”可知，本段内容介绍的是“系外行星”，由此可知，句中指另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星——一颗曾经巨大的恒星的残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核。A. type类型；B. distance距离；C. power权力，能力；D. size大小，尺寸。根据句中“a once huge star”中的“huge”可知，这里介绍的是恒星的大小，由此可知，句中指“缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核”。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他行星则被赶出它们的系统，成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者”。A. authorities权力，权威；B. species物种；C. systems体系，系统；D. facilities设施。根据句中“become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.”可知，其他行星成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者”，由此可知，它们是被赶出了它们所在的系统。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在所有这些中，科学家们渴望找到一条熟悉线索：像地球这样的行星。A. familiar熟悉的；B. previous以前的；C. unknown未知的；D. distant遥远的。根据句中“planets like the Earth”可知，找到“像地球这样的行星”对我们来说应该是一条熟悉的线索。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，行星围绕恒星运行的距离恰到好处——既不太热也不太冷——足以支持我们所知道的生命。A. hide隐藏；B. discover发现；C. injure伤害；D. support支持。根据句中“neither too hot nor too cold”可知，“既不太热也不太冷”的条件下应该是可以支持人类生存的。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，可能是因为它们不起眼。A. luckily幸运的是；B. instantly立即地；C. probably可能地；D. officially官方地。根据句中“because they’re inconspicuous”可知，“因为它们不起眼”是我们推测的“我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星”的原因，是我们推测的原因，应用“probably”。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在明亮的星光中看到一颗像我们这样又小又细的行星，就像试图在烟花表演中看到一只萤火虫。A. small小的；B. bright明亮的；C. blue蓝色的；D. clear清楚的。根据句中“a firefly in a fireworks display”中的“firefly”可知，在烟花表演中的萤火虫是小的，不容易看到，由此可知，句中指又小又细的行星，在明亮的星光中是不起眼的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过将技术推向极限，天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天。A. And和；B. Yet然而，但是；C. So所以；D. Thus因此。根据句中“astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth”可知，上下文为转折关系，上文说我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，下文说天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天，由此可知，应用连词“Yet”，表转折。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过将技术推向极限，天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天。A. limits限制，极限；B. ends结尾；C. opposites对立面；D. beginnings开端。根据句意和生活常识可知，应该是随着技术的发展，天文学家有可能找到另一个地球，由此可知，句中指将技术推向极限。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们这样做时，他们可以检查它是否有生命迹象。A. examples例子；B. designs设计；C. means方法；D. signs迹象。根据上文内容可知，天文学家正在寻找与地球相似地星球，由此可知，他们要检查那些星球是否有生命迹象。故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分 英语知识运用 (共四节，满分20分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据汉意或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式。
36. A d__________ (意志坚定的) person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】determined##etermined
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一个意志坚定的人总会想办法完成工作，无论这份工作有多难。由前文不定冠词a和后文名词person可知，空处应填形容词。“意志坚定的”是determined。故填determined。
37 Please write and tell me what is the p__________ (程序) for applying for a visa. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】procedure##rocedure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：请写信告诉我申请签证程序是什么。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“程序”可知，空格处应用“procedure”，意为“程序”，为可数名词，根据空格前定冠词“the”可知，句中特指申请签证的程序，应用“procedure”的单数形式，作表语。故填procedure。
38. China is fully capable of supplying s_________ (充足的) raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】sufficient##ufficient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国完全有能力提供生产充足的新冠肺炎疫苗所需的原材料。后文raw和空处“充足的”均为形容词，用于形容名词materials。“充足的”是sufficient。故填sufficient。
39. He wrote a very formal letter of a__________ (道歉) to his teacher for his behavior. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】apology##pology
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他为自己的行为给老师写了一封非常正式的道歉信。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填名词apology，作宾语。故填apology。
40. My own problems seem insignificant c_________（比较）with other people's. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】 compared
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：和别人的问题相比，我自己的问题似乎微不足道。逻辑主语My own problems与compare之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。根据中英文和句意提示，故填compared。
41. After three hours of waiting for the train, our p_________ (耐心) was finally gone. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】patience##atience
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：等了三个小时的火车后，我们终于失去了耐心。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“耐心”可知，空格处应用“patience”，意为“耐心”，为不可数名词，作主语。故填patience。
42. We are doing our best to finish the task as soon as possible with the limited r______ (n.资源). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】resources##esources
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们正在尽最大努力以有限的资源尽快完成任务。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“资源”可知，空格处涉及单词“resource”，意为“资源”，为可数名词，根据句意可知，有限的资源不止一个，故应用“resource”的复数形式“resources”，作“with”的宾语。故填resources。
43. This report offered the most s__________ (具体的) and accurate description of the problem. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】specific##pecific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这份报告对这个问题提供了最具体和准确的描述。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“具体的”可知，空格处应用“specific”，意为“具体的”，形容词词性，作定语。故填specific。
44. She was in red and could be easily s__________ (发现) in the crowd. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】spotted##potted
【解析】
【详解】考查语态。句意：她穿着红色的衣服，在人群中很容易被发现。根据前文could be和后文空处所填单词为动词可知，需要用到动词的过去分词形式构成含情态动词的被动语态。“发现”是spot。故填spotted。
45. After several delays, we e__________ (最后) took off at six o’clock. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】eventually##ventually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：经过几次延误，我们最后在六点钟起飞。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“最后”可知，空格处应用“eventually”，意为“最后”，副词词性，作状语。故填eventually。
第二节 原文填空(每空只写一词)(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
根据课文内容填空
____46____ time, some plants develop features which help them to ____47____ in particular conditions. Plants with helpful features are more likely to survive and _____48_____. Plants without these features often die ____49____. This process is called natural ____50____.
Countries around the ____51____ are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money ____52____ space. ____53____, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and ____54____ diseases. However, others feel this is a _____55_____ view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
【答案】46. Over
47. survive
48. reproduce
49. out 50. selection
51. globe 52. exploring
53. Instead
54. fatal 55. shallow
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是自然选择以及我们是否应该浪费时间和金钱探索太空。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，一些植物发展出有助于它们在特定条件下生存的特征。根据句意，此处指“随着时间的推移”，应用短语over time，在句中作时间状语。故填over。
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动词。根据句意，此处指“生存”。结合空格前不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形。故填survive。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：具有有益特征的植物更有可能存活和繁殖。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动词与“survive”并列。根据句意，此处指“繁殖”。故填reproduce。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：具有有益特征的植物更有可能存活和繁殖。根据句意，此处指“灭绝”，故用短语die out。故填out。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：这一过程称为自然选择。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词。根据句意，此处指“自然选择”。故填selection。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：全球各国正在花费数十亿美元和大量时间执行各种太空任务，无论是前往火星还是更远的其他行星。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词。根据句意，此处指“全球；在世界各地”，应用短语around the globe。故填globe。
【52题详解】
考查动名词。句意：有些人认为，我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱探索太空。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动名词，waste time and money (in) doing sth.，意为“浪费时间和金钱做某事”。根据句意，此处指“探索”。故填exploring。
【53题详解】
考查副词。句意：相反，我们应该养活世界上的穷人，并立即找到解决其他问题的办法，例如污染和致命疾病。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词。根据句意，此处是转折关系，前后形成对比，指“恰恰相反”。故填Instead。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“致命的”。故填fatal。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，其他人认为这是一种肤浅的观点，没有意识到探索太空对我们有多大帮助。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“肤浅的”。故填shallow。
第三节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或使用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
56. __________ (judge) from his dress, he’s probably a Tibetan. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Judging
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：从他的衣着来看，他可能是个藏人。此处为独立judging from表示“根据……判断”，不需要判断逻辑主语与judge的住被动关系。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Judging。
57. Conditions _________ (permit), I’ll go abroad to further my study. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】permitting
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：如果条件允许，我将出国深造。空格处是独立主格结构，Conditions和permit之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词permitting表主动，故填permitting。
58. Without any __________ (hesitate), the firefighters rushed into the burning building to rescue those trapped. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hesitation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：消防队员们毫不犹豫地冲进着火的大楼营救被困住的人们。前文any为形容词，意为“任何”，后应接名词。由此可知，该空应填名词形式，表示“犹豫”。故填hesitation。
59. To live a healthy life, my grandpa __________ (regular) takes a walk after dinner. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】regularly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：为了过健康的生活，我爷爷经常在晚饭后散步。修饰动词短语应用副词regularly，作状语。故填regularly。
60. While regularly eating out seems _________________ (become) common for many young people in recent years, it is not without a cost. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to have become
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然近年来，经常下馆子似乎已经成为许多年轻人的普遍现象，但这并不是没有成本的。seem to do似乎做，此处非谓语表示的动作明显发生在谓语seem之前，所以用不定式的完成式作宾语。故填to have become。
61. I don’t know why the young couple are getting into an_________(argue).
【答案】argument
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我不知道那对年轻夫妇为什么吵得不可开交。an为不定冠词，后必须接可数名词的单数形式。故填argument。
62. The local government has done everything it can __________ (save) the buried miners. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to save
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当地政府已竭尽全力抢救被掩埋的矿工。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“has done”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中应用不定式作目的状语，“save”意为“拯救”，动词词性，故空格处应填“to save”。故填to save。
63. It is for this reason______________ Spanish is the main official language of Peru. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：就因为这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。根据句子结构和意思可知，空处应填连词that。此处为强调句，句子结构应用“It's...that...”。被强调部分为介词短语for this reason。故填that。
【点睛】
64. The park rules state that no child __________ be allowed to play on the slide without the company of an adult. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】shall
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：公园规则规定，没有成年人陪同，任何儿童不得在滑梯上玩耍。根据句意可知，空格处应用情态动词“shall”，“shall”用在第二人称和第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的许诺、承诺、命令、警告等，句中表示公园对游客发出的警告。故填shall。
65. There is no such thing __________ a free lunch. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：天下没有免费的午餐。There is no such thing as...是固定句型，意为“没有叫……的东西”，因此空格处是as，故填as。
第五部分: 书面表达(满分15分)
66. 随着科学技术的进步，人工智能技术在生活多领域广泛应用，请以“Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence ”为题写一篇议论文，并包含如下内容：
1. 人工智能技术使人们生活更加便利；
2. 人工智能机器人可帮助人类完成危险工作；
3. 人工智能技术的弊端；
4. 阐述自己的观点。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
advocate: 支持，提倡 facial recognition: 人脸识别
Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence
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【答案】Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence
Nowadays, with the development of technology, artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly popular. It is universally acknowledged that AI plays an important role in our daily lives.
On the one hand, I have strong grounds for believing that AI such as face recognition makes our lives much more convenient and safer. What’s of great importance is that AI like some robots can also do things that are too difficult or dangerous for people to do. Take the snake robots for example, they are able to get to places that people can’t go to and rescue people who were buried under the buildings in the earthquake.
On the other hand, with AI taking the place of people in some industries, it will be more difficult for people to get jobs to make a living. What’s more, it is because AI doesn’t have feelings or thoughts that some work will not be finished perfectly when they encounter some accidents.
Personally, every coin has two sides. There is no doubt that AI makes a big difference to our life in some ways, but it also has some weaknesses. Only when we make good use of it, can it bring us great benefits.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。随着科学技术的进步，人工智能技术在生活多领域广泛应用，本文要求考生以“Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence ”为题写一篇议论文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
取代：take the place of→replace
利用：make good use of→take advantage of
重要的：important→vital
此外：what’s more→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On the other hand, with AI taking the place of people in some industries, it will be more difficult for people to get jobs to make a living.
拓展句：On the other hand, it will be more difficult for people to get jobs to make a living because AI is taking the place of people in some industries.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It is universally acknowledged that AI plays an important role in our daily lives. (运用了it作形式主语that引导主语从句)
[高分句型2] What’s more, it is because AI doesn’t have feelings or thoughts that some work will not be finished perfectly when they encounter some accidents. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
