人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 1 Art 单元练习（含答案无听力题）
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Unit 1 Art 单元练习
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck's portrait to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece—have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
The Arnolfini Portrait of Jan van Eyck, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on the fifteenth-century society, through Van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent Willem van Gogh painted The Starry Night, an oil on a piece of canvas(油画布),a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh's most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly emerged within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, it has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in Madrid.
1.Which of the following paintings was produced earliest
A.Guernica.
B.The Harvesters.
C.The Starry Night.
D.The Arnolfini Portrait.
2.What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A.It was painted on wood in oils.
B.It described the painter's life in hospital.
C.It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.
D.It was given away to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City by a collector.
3.Who created the painting describing the harvest season
A.Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B.Vincent Willem van Gogh.
C.Jan van Eyck.
D.Pablo Picasso.
B
Before she could even talk, Ellie Heath spent hours drawing pictures every day. When she grew older, the 15-year-old girl discovered the joy of sewing(缝纫). She said that she found it calming. She started out to make small things, like jewelry and soft toys. Over time, she began making clothing. Her love of the creative work led her to open a business. Three Blue Bunnies is the name of her company, which makes what she calls “wearable art”.
“My definition of wearable art is something that makes you feel unique. It's one of a kind and often handmade.”
All the pieces Ellie created were made of used or donated fabrics. She worked a lot with jean jackets, renewing them with artistic additions. The process started with finding a piece of material that looked good with the jackets. “Then, I find out the design that works on it through trial and error(反复尝试)and the design comes to me,”she added.
Ellie sharpened her creative skills at school. Cheryl Crow was one of her teachers early on. Crow called Ellie “a dream student”. She said Ellie worked hard and made progress. “She is always not only very creative, but also very kind and helpful to the other students.”
Ellie has many dreams. She wants to be a teacher and to spread the joy of creativity among children. She also dreams her business will grow and become a model for other young people who have a dream they want to come true.
4.What does “wearable art” mean according to Ellie Heath
A.Something that can be worn.
B.Something that is valuable.
C.Something that cannot be found anywhere else.
D.Something that makes you different from others.
5.Which of the following words can best describe Ellie
A.Shy and clever.
B.Generous and outgoing.
C.Creative and determined.
D.Hard-working and unique.
6.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.All of the cloth comes from donation.
B.Ellie got a lot of pleasure from her design.
C.The process of artistic design is usually not easy.
D.It is a piece of cake for Ellie to create an unique piece of clothing.
7.What does the underlined word “sharpened” mean in Paragraph 4
A.Improved. B.Challenged.
C.Performed. D.Applied.
C
At the beginning of the 16th century, Leonardo da Vinci returned to Florence after almost two decades in the employ of Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan. Nearing 50, Leonardo was already famed for his scientific gift and artistic bining practicality and observation, Leonardo applied the principle of sapere vedere (knowing how to see, in Latin) to as many areas of human enquiry as it led him.
Cesare Borgia, the ambitious son of Pope Alexander VI, became Leonardo's financial supporter in 1502. One of the first tasks given to Leonardo was to create a map of the city of Imola, near Bologna. Borgia had taken control of the city in 1499. It was a key success for the young commander. Controlling the city would require understanding its geography and landmarks, and Borgia wanted the map from the finest mind of Leonardo in order to do that.
In the 16th century city maps tended to be symbolic, enlarging the size of religious buildings. Leonardo's “Imola Plan” broke with this tradition, aiming to show the reality on the ground, and to provide a map that was of more practical use.
Leonardo applied a mapping technique developed by Florentine humanist Leon Battista Alberti, who suggested that a town should be mapped using polar coordinates (极坐标系). Starting with Alberti's technique, Leonardo adapted it for recording more accurate distances, proportions, and relationships between features.
The city's public square was fixed in the middle of the grid (坐标方格). Historians believe that Leonardo collected data on the ground by starting at this central point and then using a compass (罗盘) and an odometer (计程器) to measure streets and landmarks. Using geometry, he could then fill in the rest of the map.
Leonardo's techniques gave rise to the first map that used data to accurately show a “flattened city” as it might be seen from above, what is called an ichnographic (平面图的) map today, perhaps the most familiar type of map used today. Leonardo's measurements still hold up: According to historians, the “Imola Plan” can still be used to navigate the city five centuries later.
8.Why did Cesare Borgia ask Leonardo da Vinci to map Imola
A.To rebuild it.
B.To rule it better.
C.To attack and take it.
D.To push mapping forward.
9.What can we know about the city maps in the 16th century
A.They were always of a large size.
B.They were often created by religious groups.
C.They gave special attention to certain landmarks.
D.They continued the tradition of showing reality.
10.From whom did Leonardo da Vinci get inspiration when carrying out the “Imola Plan”
A.Cesare Borgia. B.Ludovico Sforza.
C.Leon Battista Alberti. D.Pope Alexander VI.
11.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.The popularity of ichnographic maps nowadays.
B.The expectation of the development of mapping.
C.The improvement of measures used to make maps.
D.The importance of Leonardo da Vinci's “Imola Plan”.
D
When visitors to the Palace Museum feel a need to sit down for a cup of tea or find a bathroom without a long line, they soon will be able to turn to their smart phones for the information they need.
This modern-day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei, the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum, China's royal palace from 1420 to 1911, and the branch museum of the institution under construction in northwestern Beijing.
“It's essential to always stay close to the latest technology to better serve the public,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum. Shan said there is still much room for improvement in the handling of a huge number of cultural relics (文物),such as when the priceless painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival is exhibited again in the future. When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 am to get a glimpse. The museum ended up preparing instant noodles to serve the hungry visitors. “I don't want that scenario to reoccur,” Shan said. “Our operation can be done in a more scientific way.”
The new system will also make use of the closed-circuit television cameras that are set up all over the Palace Museum to safeguard the museum's precious relics. More than 1.86 million of them are housed at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year, topping all museums worldwide. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have evil ideas threatens these treasures ” Shan said. “After adopting the Internet of Things, we can instantly detect any motion involving the artifacts to prevent such threats.”
The 5G network also will be used to improve remote consultation through webcams, which will facilitate conversations with overseas scholars to jointly find the best answers to restoration and preservation issues.
12.What do we know about the Palace Museum
A.Its visitors won't have to queue up for the bathroom.
B.It has served as China's royal palace for over 500 years.
C.It will cooperate with Huawei to promote its management.
D.It will set up advanced television cameras for the purpose of safety.
13.What does the underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Disaster. B.Situation.
C.Operation. D.Exhibition.
14.What are the figures in Paragraph 4 intended to show about the Palace Museum
A.It is better than any other museum.
B.It has a rich collection of cultural relics.
C.It enjoys great popularity all over the world.
D.It faces a tough challenge of protecting relics.
15.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.A Feast for Museum Visitors
B.A Revolution in Exhibition
C.A Protector of Cultural Relics
D.A Connection Between Old and New
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Learn a Foreign Language with Songs
Learning a new language can be really tough sometimes and not a few people give up before they see any promising results. 16 Follow these simple steps to get more fluent in no time!
17 When seeking materials, one tends to buy what is above his personal language level. The sad truth is that this kind of material contains too many new words and grammar items, which will just lower your motivation. Therefore, it is very important to choose material that suits your level of knowledge and vocabulary.
Know the meaning of each single word. 18 If you know what all the words in a song are supposed to mean, you can easily understand how the language works. Be sure to review this step, as it is easy to forget the meaning of the most unusual words.
Learn a song by heart. Have you ever had a school assignment to learn a poem by heart Didn't you also get a deeper sense of understanding what the poet meant, after you learned it 19 Once you know a song by heart and have a rough understanding of its meaning, in theory, you just put 30 to 50 new words into your long-term memory.
Sing the song often during your day. And enjoy learning it! Learning a song should be fun and give you insight into a different culture, explaining to you what people of different countries care to sing about. If it is just simple, but not your type of music, then your progress will also slow down.
But always remember: Songs won't teach you key phrases like “Hello” or “Goodbye”. Be sure to learn them in advance when travelling to a foreign country. 20
A.Know your level.
B.Choose good materials.
C.The same effect applies to music.
D.They will probably make up 90 percent of your initial conversation!
E.If you know the meaning of each word you can understand English fully.
F.This is especially important and sets you apart from normal fans and listeners of that foreign music.
G.Using songs to study is a great way to improve the vocabulary and the overall feeling for that language.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lehrner always wanted to design roller coasters. Even as a kid, though, she knew that there had to be more to it than just hopping on board. “I started 21 how I would prepare,” she said. She looked at science and math and took classes in algebra and geometry in middle school and high school. Then she took an even more 22 math course and a high-level physics course.
She also 23 theme parks as often as she could and researched the 24 of those roller coasters online. When it was time for college, she went to Colorado School of Mines, where she 25 a Bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering.
Now Lehrner works with amusement parks to design and 26 new roller coasters. Those new roller coasters they designed are 27 made of wood, except for a metal 28 on which the cars run. The basic design has been around for more than a century. Still, Lehrner notes each new one is different. “A lot of the same components and concepts are used when I design new roller coasters. But they would 29 with the terrain(地势) and design. That tells us what the limits will be—how tight the bends and how 30 the hills are.”
Some theme parks 31 their roller coasters to be as scary as possible. That means a big 32 and quick turns and lots of inversions. Lehrner is 33 at making twisted wood roller coasters.
The roller coasters she 34 make you feel as if you were going faster than you really are, because the tracks are lowered to the ground. “We also try to build rides that are fun for the whole 35 —children as well as their parents,” she said.
21.A.thinking about B.going over
C.writing down D.dreaming of
22.A.classical B.ancient
C.practical D.advanced
23.A.visited B.created
C.sponsored D.managed
24.A.parks B.makers
C.themes D.players
25.A.made B.bought
C.researched D.obtained
26.A.discover B.learn
C.build D.purchase
27.A.largely B.hardly
C.carefully D.possibly
28.A.cover B.road
C.fence D.track
29.A.agree B.compare
C.change D.deal
30.A.beautiful B.dangerous
C.much D.high
31.A.want B.consider
C.hate D.imagine
32.A.drop B.frame
C.seat D.carriage
33.A.amazed B.expert
C.pleased D.excited
34.A.rides B.enjoys
C.designs D.studies
35.A.family B.community
C.place D.society
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Calligraphy(书法), 36 (consider) as one of the unique traditional Chinese art forms, has a long history of about 1,000 years. It is not only a tool of cultural communication 37 an artistic treasure with shining and extraordinary beauty. As the representative of Chinese art, it 38 (know) as the most ancient artistic form in the East. Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring 39 (country).
To practise calligraphy 40 (require) both the basic tools—Four Treasures of the Study and much concentration on guiding the soft writing brush dipped with fluid ink, and writing on the paper 41 the ink will spread quickly. Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, 42 (strong) and agility(敏捷) are the essence of a fine artwork. When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even 43 (they), integrating all thoughts into the beauty of their art. Thus it also can shape and improve a person's temper and promote well-being.
Calligraphy, 44 a mirror, is a silent reflection of the soul. Today, although various modern ways have been substituted for the original calligraphy, 45 (especial) what is created with a writing brush, people still love the ancient form and practise it untiringly.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Tom听说你校要举办艺术节(Art Festival),他对中国的学校艺术节很感兴趣。请你根据下列提示给他写封邮件:
1.学校艺术节的简介(时间、地点、主要活动等);
2.你打算参加的活动及准备情况;
3.期盼他能来参加。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
How have you been recently I'm happy to know that you are interested in the Art Festival to be held in our school.
Wish you can come here and cheer for me.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“If Mum finds out that I'm going to the beach, I'll be in big trouble,” I said to myself softly in a low voice.
I went downstairs slowly and tried to walk casually into the kitchen. As I was walking towards the back door, Mum asked without looking up from her “dish-washing”,“Where are you going ” I answered without hesitation, “I am going to the garden to play.” After I got out of the kitchen, I breathed a sign of relief. My plan had worked out fine so far. I climbed the fence, jumped onto the muddy field next to my house and started running towards the bus stop at top speed.
After half an hour I was at the beach scanning the crowd for my friends, Jimmy and Bobby. After a while, I saw them near a coconut tree. I ran towards them and got into my swimming trunks(游泳裤). For about an hour, we played volleyball happily.
Suddenly, Bobby hit the ball too hard and the ball fell into the sea. Just as Bobby was going to pick up the ball, the tide came in and carried the ball further and further away from the shore. I wanted to show off my swimming skills so I declared that I would help get the ball for them.
I dived into the water and started swimming at a steady pace. After swimming for about ten minutes, I became tired but when I saw that the ball was only a few feet away from me, I put in an extra burst of speed. However, just as I was going to get the ball, a very strong current swept the ball further away from me. At that moment, a string of weed(水草) got tangled(缠绕) up with my feet and I could not swim properly.
I struggled to keep afloat but it was no use. “If I had listened to my parents, this would never have happened,” I thought silently.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater.
Paragraph 2:
When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed.
参考答案与解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四幅名画——从扬·凡·艾克的肖像画到巴勃罗·毕加索的杰作。它们都经受住了时间的考验。
1.D 细节理解题。结合第二段中的The Arnolfini Portrait of Jan van Eyck, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434以及其他几幅画的创作时间可知The Arnolfini Portrait是最早创作的画。故选D。
2.C 推理判断题。结合第三段中的When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh's most famous works.可知,The Starry Night在1941年之前没有被广泛认可。故选C。根据第三段第一句可知这幅画是画在油画布上的,也可知这是一幅风景画,故A、B选项错误;根据第三段最后一句可知,这幅画是由纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏者那里买来的,故D选项错误。
3.A 细节理解题。结合第四段中的The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly emerged within the months of August and September.可知,Pieter Bruegel the Elder画了这幅描绘丰收季节的画。故选A。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫埃莉·希思的女孩变废为宝——用废弃的布料制作“可穿戴的艺术品”的故事。
4.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“My definition of wearable art is something that makes you feel unique. It's one of a kind and often handmade.”可知,埃莉·希思认为可穿戴艺术是能让你与众不同的东西。故选D。
5.C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的She said Ellie worked hard and made progress. “She is always not only very creative, but also very kind and helpful to the other students.”以及文中提到的埃莉·希思从小就花好几个小时画画,后来成立自己的公司,并梦想自己成为一名老师以及自己的公司能够成长,都说明了埃莉·希思是有决心、有毅力的。故选C。A项中的“害羞的”和B项中的“外向的”以及D项中的“独特的”并未在文中体现。
6.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Then, I find out the design that works on it through trial and error(反复尝试)and the design comes to me,”she added.可推测,艺术设计的过程通常是不容易的。故选C,D项错误。由第三段第一句可知,A项信息有误;B项内容在第三段无从体现。
7.A 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的Crow called Ellie “a dream student”. She said Ellie worked hard and made progress.可知,埃莉在学校里提高了她的创作能力,从而猜测sharpened为“提高”之意。故选A。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了达·芬奇绘制伊莫拉城市地图的原因、使用的测量方法,及其对于后来的平面图的产生具有的重要意义。
8.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Controlling the city would require understanding its geography and landmarks, and Borgia wanted the map from the finest mind of Leonardo in order to do that.可知要想控制这座城市,就需要了解它的地理环境和地标,由此可知Cesare Borgia 是想要更好地统治这个地方才让达·芬奇绘制伊莫拉城市地图的。故选B。
9.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句In the 16th century city maps tended to be symbolic, enlarging the size of religious buildings.可知这个时期的城市地图往往是象征性的,会放大一些宗教建筑的规模,因此可推断出这个时期的城市地图特别关注某些地标性建筑。故选C。A项“它们总是尺寸很大”错误,尺寸大的是地图上的某些建筑,而不是地图本身;B项“它们经常由宗教团体来制作”,文中并未提及此信息;D项“它们延续了展现现实的传统”,由第三段最后一句可知16世纪的城市地图并没有展现现实。
10.C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句Leonardo applied a mapping technique developed by Florentine humanist Leon Battista Alberti, who suggested that a town should be mapped using polar coordinates (极坐标系).可知达·芬奇是从Leon Battista Alberti那里获得的灵感。故选C。
11.D 主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知,达·芬奇在其“伊莫拉规划”中用到的技术促使了平面图的产生,这也许是今天用的最常见的一种地图。达·芬奇的测量结果仍然有效,它在五个世纪后仍然可以用于整个城市的导航。由此可知该段主要讲的是达·芬奇的“伊莫拉规划”的重要意义。故选D。
D
◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了故宫将与华为合作,利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”,提升其管理水平,更好地保护文物、服务公众。
12.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的This modern-day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei, the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology.可知,这个现代的解决方案的产生是由于周五故宫博物院和电信巨头华为公司签署的一项协议,该协议旨在利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”。由此可知,故宫将与华为合作,提升其管理水平。故选C。
13.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 am to get a glimpse. The museum ended up preparing instant noodles to serve the hungry visitors.可知这是发生了故宫管理不当,游客过度聚集和等待时间过长的情况。由此可知,“I don't want that scenario to reoccur” 意思是“我不希望这种情况再次发生”。scenario意思是“情况”。故选B。
14.D 推理判断题。第四段主要讲利用新技术加强对文物的保护,因此这里提到了这些数据,是想说明如此多的文物藏品,吸引了众多的参观者,其后隐藏的破坏、偷窃文物的风险不容小觑。由此推知,第四段中的数字是想要表明故宫面临着保护文物的艰巨挑战。故选D。注意此题要结合整段内容,透过现象,究其根本。
15.D 主旨大意题。第二段中的This modern-day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei, the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology.是全文的主题句,这篇文章主要讲了故宫将与华为合作,利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”,提升其管理水平。“故宫”是历史遗产,而“5G技术”是新兴信息技术,把5G技术应用于故宫管理是一个“新”与“旧”的结合。D选项“新旧之间的联系”最能引起读者兴趣,言简意赅地概括文章主题,最适合作文章题目。故选D。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是如何通过歌曲来学习一门外语。
16.G 根据文章标题How to Learn a Foreign Language with Songs可知该文章主要介绍如何通过歌曲来学习一门外语;又根据下文Follow these simple steps to get more fluent in no time!可知该空应该提出文章的主题——利用歌曲来学习外语。故选G。
17.A 根据该段最后一句总结句Therefore, it is very important to choose material that suits your level of knowledge and vocabulary.可知该段主题为选择适合自己知识水平和词汇水平的材料,即了解自己的水平。故选A。
18.F 根据该段主题句Know the meaning of each single word.可知设空处主要讲在听歌学外语时,要知道每个单词的含义,这就使你和普通的外语歌的歌迷和听众截然不同。故选F。
19.C 根据上文Have you ever had a school assignment to learn a poem by heart Didn't you also get a deeper sense of understanding what the poet meant, after you learned it 可知作者用背诵诗歌的例子来说明背诵歌曲有着相同的学习效果,即同样的效果也适用于音乐。故选C。
20.D 上文Be sure to learn them in advance when travelling to a foreign country.与D选项( They will probably make up 90 percent of your initial conversation!)之间联系紧密,D项解释了为什么去国外旅行时一定要提前学习它们。故选D。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。Lehrner从小就想设计过山车,于是她努力学习数学、物理等学科,现在她为多家游乐场设计、建造木质过山车。
21.A 根据下文中的She looked at science and math...可知,为了将来能够设计过山车,她认真研究科学和数学。由此可知她从小就开始考虑如何为设计过山车做准备。think about意为“思考”,符合语境。go over复习;write down写下;dream of梦想。
22.D 之后,她学习了更高级的(advanced)数学课程和高级物理课程。classical经典的;ancient古代的;practical实际的。根据even more表达的语气及语境可知,此处指更高级的数学。
23.A 为了研究过山车,她还尽可能地经常参观(visit)主题公园,并在网上调查那些过山车的制造者。create创造; sponsor赞助;manage管理。
24.B 她还尽可能地经常参观主题公园,并在网上调查那些过山车的制造者(maker)。park公园;theme主题;player游戏者。
25.D 在那里她获得了机械工程学士学位。obtain a degree相当于get a degree,意为“获得学位”。make制作;buy买;research研究。
26.C 结合语境可知,现在,Lehrner与游乐园合作设计和建造(build)新的过山车。discover发现;learn学习;purchase购买。
27.A 他们设计的那些新型过山车大部分(largely)是木制的,除了过山车行驶的金属轨道。hardly几乎不;carefully仔细地;possibly可能地。根据后文中的except for a metal...可知,此处指过山车大部分是用木头建造的。
28.D 结合上一题,再由下文中的on which the cars run可知,此处指金属制造的轨道,需用track。cover封面;road道路;fence栅栏。
29.C 根据上文可知,Lehrner使用了很多和之前相同的部件和概念,但这些东西会随着地形和设计的变化而变化。故用change,选C。
30.D 根据上文和常识可知,Lehrner他们设计的过山车随着地形和设计的变化而变化,地势的不同让我们知道过山车的弯道应有多陡,斜坡应有多高(high)。此处指斜坡的高度。beautiful漂亮的;dangerous危险的;much多少。
31.A 根据下文中的That means a big 32 and quick turns and lots of inversions.可知,一些主题公园想要(want)他们的过山车尽可能地吓人。consider认为;hate讨厌;imagine想象。
32.A 那意味着大的落差(drop)、快速的转弯和大量的倒转。根据常识可知,要想让过山车刺激,落差要大,转弯要快,倒转要多。frame框架;seat座位;carriage四轮马车。
33.B 此处指Lehrner很擅长制造弯曲的木质过山车,be expert at...意为“擅长……”。amazed惊讶的;pleased高兴的,满意的;excited兴奋的。
34.C 结合语境可知,此处指她设计(design)的过山车会让你觉得自己的速度比实际要快。ride骑;enjoy享受;study学习。
35.A 根据空后的children as well as their parents可知,此处应指为全家(孩子和他们的父母)建造有趣的过山车。family家庭;community社区;place地点;society社会。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国独特的传统艺术——书法。
36.considered 考查过去分词。句意:书法被认为是中国独特的传统艺术形式之一,有大约1,000年的悠久历史。分析句子可知,设空处为非谓语动词,此处Calligraphy 和consider之间是逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,故填considered。
37.but 考查连词。句意:它不仅是一种文化交流的工具,而且是一种艺术瑰宝,闪耀着非凡的美。not only...but (also)...意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
38.is known 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:作为中国艺术的代表,它被称为东方最古老的艺术形式。be known as意为“被称为……;作为……而出名”。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,此处叙述一个客观事实,且主语是第三人称单数,故填is known。
39.countries 考查名词的数。根据many可知这里应用country的复数形式,故填countries。
40.requires 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:练习书法不仅需要基本的工具——文房四宝,还需要非常专注于移动蘸满液体墨水的软毛笔以及在纸上写字,墨水在纸上很快就会扩散。动词不定式短语作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,且此处讲述一个客观事实,所以用一般现在时,故填requires。
41.where 考查定语从句。句意见上题。the paper为先行词,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。
42.strength 考查名词。句意:一旦毛笔的移动有停顿,就会产生一个黑色的墨点,因此速度、力量和敏捷是一幅优秀作品的精髓。分析句子结构可知,这里是并列的名词作主语,设空处表示“力量”,故填名词strength。
43.themselves 考查反身代词。句意:许多书法家在书写时会忘却一切烦恼,甚至忘记他们自己,将一切思想融于艺术之美中。此处用反身代词作宾语,表示“他们自己”,故填themselves。
44.like 考查介词。句意:书法就像一面镜子,是心灵的无声反映。介词like意为“像……一样”,故填like。
45.especially 考查副词。句意:现今,虽然各种各样的现代方式已经取代了原来的书法,特别是用毛笔创作的书法,但人们仍然热爱这种古老的形式,并坚持不懈地练习它。此处用副词修饰后面的整个从句,故填especially。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Tom,
How have you been recently I'm happy to know that you are interested in the Art Festival to be held in our school. Now I am writing to share some relevant details with you.
Our Art Festival will be held in December in the lecture hall. Lots of students will take part in it and give wonderful performances. Some students will sing their favorite songs while others will dance together to show their unique class culture. What's more, various kinds of artworks will be exhibited, including some wonderful paintings from teachers.
As for me,I plan to sing an English song with my classmates. We have prepared it for a long time and hope to impress the audience.
Wish you can come here and cheer for me.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater. I told myself I should never give up. Then I pulled the weed again with great efforts. The weed finally broke. I swam back to the surface to take a deep breath. I saw two young men in canoes, racing each other. I was exhausted and shouted for help. The two men saw me and raced towards me. By the time they reached me, I had already been unconscious.
Paragraph 2:
When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed. It was not until a doctor came into the room that I realized that I was in a hospital. Jimmy and Bobby told me the two young men brought me to the shore and sent me to the hospital. After a few minutes, my parents with half angry and half worried faces walked in. My parents scolded me for running out of the house secretly but were also glad that I was not seriously injured. I will never forget that terrifying experience. Neither will I ever want to show off again.
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck's portrait to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece—have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
The Arnolfini Portrait of Jan van Eyck, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on the fifteenth-century society, through Van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent Willem van Gogh painted The Starry Night, an oil on a piece of canvas(油画布),a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh's most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly emerged within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, it has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in Madrid.
1.Which of the following paintings was produced earliest
A.Guernica.
B.The Harvesters.
C.The Starry Night.
D.The Arnolfini Portrait.
2.What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A.It was painted on wood in oils.
B.It described the painter's life in hospital.
C.It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.
D.It was given away to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City by a collector.
3.Who created the painting describing the harvest season
A.Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B.Vincent Willem van Gogh.
C.Jan van Eyck.
D.Pablo Picasso.
B
Before she could even talk, Ellie Heath spent hours drawing pictures every day. When she grew older, the 15-year-old girl discovered the joy of sewing(缝纫). She said that she found it calming. She started out to make small things, like jewelry and soft toys. Over time, she began making clothing. Her love of the creative work led her to open a business. Three Blue Bunnies is the name of her company, which makes what she calls “wearable art”.
“My definition of wearable art is something that makes you feel unique. It's one of a kind and often handmade.”
All the pieces Ellie created were made of used or donated fabrics. She worked a lot with jean jackets, renewing them with artistic additions. The process started with finding a piece of material that looked good with the jackets. “Then, I find out the design that works on it through trial and error(反复尝试)and the design comes to me,”she added.
Ellie sharpened her creative skills at school. Cheryl Crow was one of her teachers early on. Crow called Ellie “a dream student”. She said Ellie worked hard and made progress. “She is always not only very creative, but also very kind and helpful to the other students.”
Ellie has many dreams. She wants to be a teacher and to spread the joy of creativity among children. She also dreams her business will grow and become a model for other young people who have a dream they want to come true.
4.What does “wearable art” mean according to Ellie Heath
A.Something that can be worn.
B.Something that is valuable.
C.Something that cannot be found anywhere else.
D.Something that makes you different from others.
5.Which of the following words can best describe Ellie
A.Shy and clever.
B.Generous and outgoing.
C.Creative and determined.
D.Hard-working and unique.
6.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.All of the cloth comes from donation.
B.Ellie got a lot of pleasure from her design.
C.The process of artistic design is usually not easy.
D.It is a piece of cake for Ellie to create an unique piece of clothing.
7.What does the underlined word “sharpened” mean in Paragraph 4
A.Improved. B.Challenged.
C.Performed. D.Applied.
C
At the beginning of the 16th century, Leonardo da Vinci returned to Florence after almost two decades in the employ of Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan. Nearing 50, Leonardo was already famed for his scientific gift and artistic bining practicality and observation, Leonardo applied the principle of sapere vedere (knowing how to see, in Latin) to as many areas of human enquiry as it led him.
Cesare Borgia, the ambitious son of Pope Alexander VI, became Leonardo's financial supporter in 1502. One of the first tasks given to Leonardo was to create a map of the city of Imola, near Bologna. Borgia had taken control of the city in 1499. It was a key success for the young commander. Controlling the city would require understanding its geography and landmarks, and Borgia wanted the map from the finest mind of Leonardo in order to do that.
In the 16th century city maps tended to be symbolic, enlarging the size of religious buildings. Leonardo's “Imola Plan” broke with this tradition, aiming to show the reality on the ground, and to provide a map that was of more practical use.
Leonardo applied a mapping technique developed by Florentine humanist Leon Battista Alberti, who suggested that a town should be mapped using polar coordinates (极坐标系). Starting with Alberti's technique, Leonardo adapted it for recording more accurate distances, proportions, and relationships between features.
The city's public square was fixed in the middle of the grid (坐标方格). Historians believe that Leonardo collected data on the ground by starting at this central point and then using a compass (罗盘) and an odometer (计程器) to measure streets and landmarks. Using geometry, he could then fill in the rest of the map.
Leonardo's techniques gave rise to the first map that used data to accurately show a “flattened city” as it might be seen from above, what is called an ichnographic (平面图的) map today, perhaps the most familiar type of map used today. Leonardo's measurements still hold up: According to historians, the “Imola Plan” can still be used to navigate the city five centuries later.
8.Why did Cesare Borgia ask Leonardo da Vinci to map Imola
A.To rebuild it.
B.To rule it better.
C.To attack and take it.
D.To push mapping forward.
9.What can we know about the city maps in the 16th century
A.They were always of a large size.
B.They were often created by religious groups.
C.They gave special attention to certain landmarks.
D.They continued the tradition of showing reality.
10.From whom did Leonardo da Vinci get inspiration when carrying out the “Imola Plan”
A.Cesare Borgia. B.Ludovico Sforza.
C.Leon Battista Alberti. D.Pope Alexander VI.
11.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.The popularity of ichnographic maps nowadays.
B.The expectation of the development of mapping.
C.The improvement of measures used to make maps.
D.The importance of Leonardo da Vinci's “Imola Plan”.
D
When visitors to the Palace Museum feel a need to sit down for a cup of tea or find a bathroom without a long line, they soon will be able to turn to their smart phones for the information they need.
This modern-day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei, the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum, China's royal palace from 1420 to 1911, and the branch museum of the institution under construction in northwestern Beijing.
“It's essential to always stay close to the latest technology to better serve the public,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum. Shan said there is still much room for improvement in the handling of a huge number of cultural relics (文物),such as when the priceless painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival is exhibited again in the future. When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 am to get a glimpse. The museum ended up preparing instant noodles to serve the hungry visitors. “I don't want that scenario to reoccur,” Shan said. “Our operation can be done in a more scientific way.”
The new system will also make use of the closed-circuit television cameras that are set up all over the Palace Museum to safeguard the museum's precious relics. More than 1.86 million of them are housed at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year, topping all museums worldwide. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have evil ideas threatens these treasures ” Shan said. “After adopting the Internet of Things, we can instantly detect any motion involving the artifacts to prevent such threats.”
The 5G network also will be used to improve remote consultation through webcams, which will facilitate conversations with overseas scholars to jointly find the best answers to restoration and preservation issues.
12.What do we know about the Palace Museum
A.Its visitors won't have to queue up for the bathroom.
B.It has served as China's royal palace for over 500 years.
C.It will cooperate with Huawei to promote its management.
D.It will set up advanced television cameras for the purpose of safety.
13.What does the underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Disaster. B.Situation.
C.Operation. D.Exhibition.
14.What are the figures in Paragraph 4 intended to show about the Palace Museum
A.It is better than any other museum.
B.It has a rich collection of cultural relics.
C.It enjoys great popularity all over the world.
D.It faces a tough challenge of protecting relics.
15.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.A Feast for Museum Visitors
B.A Revolution in Exhibition
C.A Protector of Cultural Relics
D.A Connection Between Old and New
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Learn a Foreign Language with Songs
Learning a new language can be really tough sometimes and not a few people give up before they see any promising results. 16 Follow these simple steps to get more fluent in no time!
17 When seeking materials, one tends to buy what is above his personal language level. The sad truth is that this kind of material contains too many new words and grammar items, which will just lower your motivation. Therefore, it is very important to choose material that suits your level of knowledge and vocabulary.
Know the meaning of each single word. 18 If you know what all the words in a song are supposed to mean, you can easily understand how the language works. Be sure to review this step, as it is easy to forget the meaning of the most unusual words.
Learn a song by heart. Have you ever had a school assignment to learn a poem by heart Didn't you also get a deeper sense of understanding what the poet meant, after you learned it 19 Once you know a song by heart and have a rough understanding of its meaning, in theory, you just put 30 to 50 new words into your long-term memory.
Sing the song often during your day. And enjoy learning it! Learning a song should be fun and give you insight into a different culture, explaining to you what people of different countries care to sing about. If it is just simple, but not your type of music, then your progress will also slow down.
But always remember: Songs won't teach you key phrases like “Hello” or “Goodbye”. Be sure to learn them in advance when travelling to a foreign country. 20
A.Know your level.
B.Choose good materials.
C.The same effect applies to music.
D.They will probably make up 90 percent of your initial conversation!
E.If you know the meaning of each word you can understand English fully.
F.This is especially important and sets you apart from normal fans and listeners of that foreign music.
G.Using songs to study is a great way to improve the vocabulary and the overall feeling for that language.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lehrner always wanted to design roller coasters. Even as a kid, though, she knew that there had to be more to it than just hopping on board. “I started 21 how I would prepare,” she said. She looked at science and math and took classes in algebra and geometry in middle school and high school. Then she took an even more 22 math course and a high-level physics course.
She also 23 theme parks as often as she could and researched the 24 of those roller coasters online. When it was time for college, she went to Colorado School of Mines, where she 25 a Bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering.
Now Lehrner works with amusement parks to design and 26 new roller coasters. Those new roller coasters they designed are 27 made of wood, except for a metal 28 on which the cars run. The basic design has been around for more than a century. Still, Lehrner notes each new one is different. “A lot of the same components and concepts are used when I design new roller coasters. But they would 29 with the terrain(地势) and design. That tells us what the limits will be—how tight the bends and how 30 the hills are.”
Some theme parks 31 their roller coasters to be as scary as possible. That means a big 32 and quick turns and lots of inversions. Lehrner is 33 at making twisted wood roller coasters.
The roller coasters she 34 make you feel as if you were going faster than you really are, because the tracks are lowered to the ground. “We also try to build rides that are fun for the whole 35 —children as well as their parents,” she said.
21.A.thinking about B.going over
C.writing down D.dreaming of
22.A.classical B.ancient
C.practical D.advanced
23.A.visited B.created
C.sponsored D.managed
24.A.parks B.makers
C.themes D.players
25.A.made B.bought
C.researched D.obtained
26.A.discover B.learn
C.build D.purchase
27.A.largely B.hardly
C.carefully D.possibly
28.A.cover B.road
C.fence D.track
29.A.agree B.compare
C.change D.deal
30.A.beautiful B.dangerous
C.much D.high
31.A.want B.consider
C.hate D.imagine
32.A.drop B.frame
C.seat D.carriage
33.A.amazed B.expert
C.pleased D.excited
34.A.rides B.enjoys
C.designs D.studies
35.A.family B.community
C.place D.society
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Calligraphy(书法), 36 (consider) as one of the unique traditional Chinese art forms, has a long history of about 1,000 years. It is not only a tool of cultural communication 37 an artistic treasure with shining and extraordinary beauty. As the representative of Chinese art, it 38 (know) as the most ancient artistic form in the East. Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring 39 (country).
To practise calligraphy 40 (require) both the basic tools—Four Treasures of the Study and much concentration on guiding the soft writing brush dipped with fluid ink, and writing on the paper 41 the ink will spread quickly. Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, 42 (strong) and agility(敏捷) are the essence of a fine artwork. When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even 43 (they), integrating all thoughts into the beauty of their art. Thus it also can shape and improve a person's temper and promote well-being.
Calligraphy, 44 a mirror, is a silent reflection of the soul. Today, although various modern ways have been substituted for the original calligraphy, 45 (especial) what is created with a writing brush, people still love the ancient form and practise it untiringly.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Tom听说你校要举办艺术节(Art Festival),他对中国的学校艺术节很感兴趣。请你根据下列提示给他写封邮件:
1.学校艺术节的简介(时间、地点、主要活动等);
2.你打算参加的活动及准备情况;
3.期盼他能来参加。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
How have you been recently I'm happy to know that you are interested in the Art Festival to be held in our school.
Wish you can come here and cheer for me.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“If Mum finds out that I'm going to the beach, I'll be in big trouble,” I said to myself softly in a low voice.
I went downstairs slowly and tried to walk casually into the kitchen. As I was walking towards the back door, Mum asked without looking up from her “dish-washing”,“Where are you going ” I answered without hesitation, “I am going to the garden to play.” After I got out of the kitchen, I breathed a sign of relief. My plan had worked out fine so far. I climbed the fence, jumped onto the muddy field next to my house and started running towards the bus stop at top speed.
After half an hour I was at the beach scanning the crowd for my friends, Jimmy and Bobby. After a while, I saw them near a coconut tree. I ran towards them and got into my swimming trunks(游泳裤). For about an hour, we played volleyball happily.
Suddenly, Bobby hit the ball too hard and the ball fell into the sea. Just as Bobby was going to pick up the ball, the tide came in and carried the ball further and further away from the shore. I wanted to show off my swimming skills so I declared that I would help get the ball for them.
I dived into the water and started swimming at a steady pace. After swimming for about ten minutes, I became tired but when I saw that the ball was only a few feet away from me, I put in an extra burst of speed. However, just as I was going to get the ball, a very strong current swept the ball further away from me. At that moment, a string of weed(水草) got tangled(缠绕) up with my feet and I could not swim properly.
I struggled to keep afloat but it was no use. “If I had listened to my parents, this would never have happened,” I thought silently.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater.
Paragraph 2:
When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed.
参考答案与解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四幅名画——从扬·凡·艾克的肖像画到巴勃罗·毕加索的杰作。它们都经受住了时间的考验。
1.D 细节理解题。结合第二段中的The Arnolfini Portrait of Jan van Eyck, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434以及其他几幅画的创作时间可知The Arnolfini Portrait是最早创作的画。故选D。
2.C 推理判断题。结合第三段中的When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh's most famous works.可知,The Starry Night在1941年之前没有被广泛认可。故选C。根据第三段第一句可知这幅画是画在油画布上的,也可知这是一幅风景画,故A、B选项错误;根据第三段最后一句可知,这幅画是由纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏者那里买来的,故D选项错误。
3.A 细节理解题。结合第四段中的The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly emerged within the months of August and September.可知,Pieter Bruegel the Elder画了这幅描绘丰收季节的画。故选A。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫埃莉·希思的女孩变废为宝——用废弃的布料制作“可穿戴的艺术品”的故事。
4.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“My definition of wearable art is something that makes you feel unique. It's one of a kind and often handmade.”可知,埃莉·希思认为可穿戴艺术是能让你与众不同的东西。故选D。
5.C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的She said Ellie worked hard and made progress. “She is always not only very creative, but also very kind and helpful to the other students.”以及文中提到的埃莉·希思从小就花好几个小时画画,后来成立自己的公司,并梦想自己成为一名老师以及自己的公司能够成长,都说明了埃莉·希思是有决心、有毅力的。故选C。A项中的“害羞的”和B项中的“外向的”以及D项中的“独特的”并未在文中体现。
6.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Then, I find out the design that works on it through trial and error(反复尝试)and the design comes to me,”she added.可推测,艺术设计的过程通常是不容易的。故选C,D项错误。由第三段第一句可知,A项信息有误;B项内容在第三段无从体现。
7.A 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的Crow called Ellie “a dream student”. She said Ellie worked hard and made progress.可知,埃莉在学校里提高了她的创作能力,从而猜测sharpened为“提高”之意。故选A。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了达·芬奇绘制伊莫拉城市地图的原因、使用的测量方法,及其对于后来的平面图的产生具有的重要意义。
8.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Controlling the city would require understanding its geography and landmarks, and Borgia wanted the map from the finest mind of Leonardo in order to do that.可知要想控制这座城市,就需要了解它的地理环境和地标,由此可知Cesare Borgia 是想要更好地统治这个地方才让达·芬奇绘制伊莫拉城市地图的。故选B。
9.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句In the 16th century city maps tended to be symbolic, enlarging the size of religious buildings.可知这个时期的城市地图往往是象征性的,会放大一些宗教建筑的规模,因此可推断出这个时期的城市地图特别关注某些地标性建筑。故选C。A项“它们总是尺寸很大”错误,尺寸大的是地图上的某些建筑,而不是地图本身;B项“它们经常由宗教团体来制作”,文中并未提及此信息;D项“它们延续了展现现实的传统”,由第三段最后一句可知16世纪的城市地图并没有展现现实。
10.C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句Leonardo applied a mapping technique developed by Florentine humanist Leon Battista Alberti, who suggested that a town should be mapped using polar coordinates (极坐标系).可知达·芬奇是从Leon Battista Alberti那里获得的灵感。故选C。
11.D 主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知,达·芬奇在其“伊莫拉规划”中用到的技术促使了平面图的产生,这也许是今天用的最常见的一种地图。达·芬奇的测量结果仍然有效,它在五个世纪后仍然可以用于整个城市的导航。由此可知该段主要讲的是达·芬奇的“伊莫拉规划”的重要意义。故选D。
D
◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了故宫将与华为合作,利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”,提升其管理水平,更好地保护文物、服务公众。
12.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的This modern-day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei, the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology.可知,这个现代的解决方案的产生是由于周五故宫博物院和电信巨头华为公司签署的一项协议,该协议旨在利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”。由此可知,故宫将与华为合作,提升其管理水平。故选C。
13.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 am to get a glimpse. The museum ended up preparing instant noodles to serve the hungry visitors.可知这是发生了故宫管理不当,游客过度聚集和等待时间过长的情况。由此可知,“I don't want that scenario to reoccur” 意思是“我不希望这种情况再次发生”。scenario意思是“情况”。故选B。
14.D 推理判断题。第四段主要讲利用新技术加强对文物的保护,因此这里提到了这些数据,是想说明如此多的文物藏品,吸引了众多的参观者,其后隐藏的破坏、偷窃文物的风险不容小觑。由此推知,第四段中的数字是想要表明故宫面临着保护文物的艰巨挑战。故选D。注意此题要结合整段内容,透过现象,究其根本。
15.D 主旨大意题。第二段中的This modern-day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei, the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology.是全文的主题句,这篇文章主要讲了故宫将与华为合作,利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”,提升其管理水平。“故宫”是历史遗产,而“5G技术”是新兴信息技术,把5G技术应用于故宫管理是一个“新”与“旧”的结合。D选项“新旧之间的联系”最能引起读者兴趣,言简意赅地概括文章主题,最适合作文章题目。故选D。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是如何通过歌曲来学习一门外语。
16.G 根据文章标题How to Learn a Foreign Language with Songs可知该文章主要介绍如何通过歌曲来学习一门外语;又根据下文Follow these simple steps to get more fluent in no time!可知该空应该提出文章的主题——利用歌曲来学习外语。故选G。
17.A 根据该段最后一句总结句Therefore, it is very important to choose material that suits your level of knowledge and vocabulary.可知该段主题为选择适合自己知识水平和词汇水平的材料,即了解自己的水平。故选A。
18.F 根据该段主题句Know the meaning of each single word.可知设空处主要讲在听歌学外语时,要知道每个单词的含义,这就使你和普通的外语歌的歌迷和听众截然不同。故选F。
19.C 根据上文Have you ever had a school assignment to learn a poem by heart Didn't you also get a deeper sense of understanding what the poet meant, after you learned it 可知作者用背诵诗歌的例子来说明背诵歌曲有着相同的学习效果,即同样的效果也适用于音乐。故选C。
20.D 上文Be sure to learn them in advance when travelling to a foreign country.与D选项( They will probably make up 90 percent of your initial conversation!)之间联系紧密,D项解释了为什么去国外旅行时一定要提前学习它们。故选D。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。Lehrner从小就想设计过山车,于是她努力学习数学、物理等学科,现在她为多家游乐场设计、建造木质过山车。
21.A 根据下文中的She looked at science and math...可知,为了将来能够设计过山车,她认真研究科学和数学。由此可知她从小就开始考虑如何为设计过山车做准备。think about意为“思考”,符合语境。go over复习;write down写下;dream of梦想。
22.D 之后,她学习了更高级的(advanced)数学课程和高级物理课程。classical经典的;ancient古代的;practical实际的。根据even more表达的语气及语境可知,此处指更高级的数学。
23.A 为了研究过山车,她还尽可能地经常参观(visit)主题公园,并在网上调查那些过山车的制造者。create创造; sponsor赞助;manage管理。
24.B 她还尽可能地经常参观主题公园,并在网上调查那些过山车的制造者(maker)。park公园;theme主题;player游戏者。
25.D 在那里她获得了机械工程学士学位。obtain a degree相当于get a degree,意为“获得学位”。make制作;buy买;research研究。
26.C 结合语境可知,现在,Lehrner与游乐园合作设计和建造(build)新的过山车。discover发现;learn学习;purchase购买。
27.A 他们设计的那些新型过山车大部分(largely)是木制的,除了过山车行驶的金属轨道。hardly几乎不;carefully仔细地;possibly可能地。根据后文中的except for a metal...可知,此处指过山车大部分是用木头建造的。
28.D 结合上一题,再由下文中的on which the cars run可知,此处指金属制造的轨道,需用track。cover封面;road道路;fence栅栏。
29.C 根据上文可知,Lehrner使用了很多和之前相同的部件和概念,但这些东西会随着地形和设计的变化而变化。故用change,选C。
30.D 根据上文和常识可知,Lehrner他们设计的过山车随着地形和设计的变化而变化,地势的不同让我们知道过山车的弯道应有多陡,斜坡应有多高(high)。此处指斜坡的高度。beautiful漂亮的;dangerous危险的;much多少。
31.A 根据下文中的That means a big 32 and quick turns and lots of inversions.可知,一些主题公园想要(want)他们的过山车尽可能地吓人。consider认为;hate讨厌;imagine想象。
32.A 那意味着大的落差(drop)、快速的转弯和大量的倒转。根据常识可知,要想让过山车刺激,落差要大,转弯要快,倒转要多。frame框架;seat座位;carriage四轮马车。
33.B 此处指Lehrner很擅长制造弯曲的木质过山车,be expert at...意为“擅长……”。amazed惊讶的;pleased高兴的,满意的;excited兴奋的。
34.C 结合语境可知,此处指她设计(design)的过山车会让你觉得自己的速度比实际要快。ride骑;enjoy享受;study学习。
35.A 根据空后的children as well as their parents可知,此处应指为全家(孩子和他们的父母)建造有趣的过山车。family家庭;community社区;place地点;society社会。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国独特的传统艺术——书法。
36.considered 考查过去分词。句意:书法被认为是中国独特的传统艺术形式之一,有大约1,000年的悠久历史。分析句子可知,设空处为非谓语动词,此处Calligraphy 和consider之间是逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,故填considered。
37.but 考查连词。句意:它不仅是一种文化交流的工具,而且是一种艺术瑰宝,闪耀着非凡的美。not only...but (also)...意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
38.is known 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:作为中国艺术的代表,它被称为东方最古老的艺术形式。be known as意为“被称为……;作为……而出名”。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,此处叙述一个客观事实,且主语是第三人称单数,故填is known。
39.countries 考查名词的数。根据many可知这里应用country的复数形式,故填countries。
40.requires 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:练习书法不仅需要基本的工具——文房四宝,还需要非常专注于移动蘸满液体墨水的软毛笔以及在纸上写字,墨水在纸上很快就会扩散。动词不定式短语作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,且此处讲述一个客观事实,所以用一般现在时,故填requires。
41.where 考查定语从句。句意见上题。the paper为先行词,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。
42.strength 考查名词。句意:一旦毛笔的移动有停顿,就会产生一个黑色的墨点,因此速度、力量和敏捷是一幅优秀作品的精髓。分析句子结构可知,这里是并列的名词作主语,设空处表示“力量”,故填名词strength。
43.themselves 考查反身代词。句意:许多书法家在书写时会忘却一切烦恼,甚至忘记他们自己,将一切思想融于艺术之美中。此处用反身代词作宾语,表示“他们自己”,故填themselves。
44.like 考查介词。句意:书法就像一面镜子,是心灵的无声反映。介词like意为“像……一样”,故填like。
45.especially 考查副词。句意:现今,虽然各种各样的现代方式已经取代了原来的书法,特别是用毛笔创作的书法,但人们仍然热爱这种古老的形式,并坚持不懈地练习它。此处用副词修饰后面的整个从句,故填especially。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Tom,
How have you been recently I'm happy to know that you are interested in the Art Festival to be held in our school. Now I am writing to share some relevant details with you.
Our Art Festival will be held in December in the lecture hall. Lots of students will take part in it and give wonderful performances. Some students will sing their favorite songs while others will dance together to show their unique class culture. What's more, various kinds of artworks will be exhibited, including some wonderful paintings from teachers.
As for me,I plan to sing an English song with my classmates. We have prepared it for a long time and hope to impress the audience.
Wish you can come here and cheer for me.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater. I told myself I should never give up. Then I pulled the weed again with great efforts. The weed finally broke. I swam back to the surface to take a deep breath. I saw two young men in canoes, racing each other. I was exhausted and shouted for help. The two men saw me and raced towards me. By the time they reached me, I had already been unconscious.
Paragraph 2:
When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed. It was not until a doctor came into the room that I realized that I was in a hospital. Jimmy and Bobby told me the two young men brought me to the shore and sent me to the hospital. After a few minutes, my parents with half angry and half worried faces walked in. My parents scolded me for running out of the house secretly but were also glad that I was not seriously injured. I will never forget that terrifying experience. Neither will I ever want to show off again.