高中英语语法 时态与语态 课件（46张PPT）

(共45张PPT)
动词时态和语态
Dear Emma,
How are you How time flies! It has been half a year since ......Whenever I recall the experience, happiness wells up . You and I obtained the title of Best Speaker. We also talked about our lives.
I do hope that we will keep in touch and look forward to your visit to China.
We are planning .I invite you to participate in the opening ceremony.The ceremony will begin at 9:00 a.m.The festival will kick off and there will be a lot of activities .
We hope that you will be there with us. Your reply will be appreciated.
过去 一般过去时
过去进行时
过去完成时
过去将来时
现在 一般现在时
现在进行时
现在完成时
将来 一般将来时
将来进行时
将来完成时
现在完成进行时 have/has been doing
Ved did
was/were Ving was/were doing
had Ved had done
would V would do
V /Vs do/ does
am/is/are Ving am/is/are doing
have/has Ved have/ has done
will V will do
will be Ving will be doing
will have Ved will have done
助动词
考点1 常用时态构成及用法
时态名 构 成（以drive为例） 用 法
一般现在时 表示现在的状态或经常的习惯性的发生的动作。常跟often, usually, sometimes, every year等时间状语连用。
一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如last week
一般将来时 表示将来某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和将来的时间状语连用。如；next week; tomorrow 等。
现在进行时 表示此时此刻或现阶段正在发生的动作。常用的时间状语有now, right now等。
过去进行时 表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作。常和at this time last night等状语连用。
drive
drives （单三人称）
drove
will / shall drive
am/is/are going to drive
am / is / are to drive
am / is / are driving
was / were driving
考点1 常用时态构成及用法
时态名 构 成（以drive为例） 用 法
现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常跟ever, never just, yet等副词和 since, for 等引导时间状语（从句）连用。
过去完成时 表示过去某个时间或动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。常有一个表示过去的时间状语或过去的动作作为参照。
过去将来时 从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常常用在宾语从句中。
现在完成进行时 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，有可能还要继须下去。常和these days, for over a month等时间状语连用。
have / has driven
had driven
would / should drive
was / were going to drive
was / were to drive
have/ has been driving
Practice
Take the word work as an example,
1.He often _________ on the farm.
2.He _________ on the farm 2 years ago.
3.He _________ on the farm now.
4.He ____________ on the farm those years.
5.He _________ on the farm next year.
6.He said he _________ on the farm the next month.
7.He _________ on the farm for three years.
8.He said he __________ on the farm for 5 years.
works
worked
is working
was working
will work
would work
has worked
had worked
一般现在时
once a year, twice a month, every year/week/day,
every two days，how often等频率时间状语
1). I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2).The earth_______ (move) around the sun.
Practice ______________(熟能生巧).
3) The teacher told us the earth ________(go)around the sun.
The teacher told us light travels faster than sound.
老师告诉我们光速比声速快。
4）If it _______ (rain) tomorrow, I'll stay at home.
5) The train______ (start) at nine tomorrow morning.
moves
makes perfect
rains
goes
starts
现在进行时
1. 现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，常与时间状语now, this week, these days, at present, right now, at the moment 等连用。另外，我们还要注意句中的隐含条件（如：look, listen, It’s nine o’clock等）。如：
The students _________ (do) their homework.
He ____________ (write)a novel this year.
你在等谁？
Look, the children_________ (在操场上打篮球)
are doing
is writing
Whom are you waiting for
2. 有些动词如come, go, leave, begin, stay, start 等的现在进行时可以表示预定的或即将发生的动作，句中常有表示将来的状语:
Jim is coming here this evening.
He ___________is leaving Wuhan _______ Beijing.他将要离开武汉去北京。
is leaving
for
1. 过去发生的动作，对现在有影响
现在完成时
现在
time
过去
现在完成时
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的结果或影响，也可指过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：
1)now, today, tonight, this week/month/year
2)yet, already, just, recently, since then，since，before, before now, so far, by far, now, by now, until now, up to now, in the past (last) few years (days/ months)
3)since引导过去时间状语或时间状语从句
It is (has been)three years since he bought the book.
4)for +一段时间的状语
I’ve been here for just over two years.
until now 目前为止
over the last few years 最近几年
since two years ago 自从两年前
how many times 多少次
so far 目前为止
by far 目前为止
by now 目前为止
before 以前，之前
before now 此前
in the past few years
since then 自从那时到现在
since
下列时间状语适用于现在完成时：
1. We _______ this school _______ three years.
在这个学校学习了三年。
2. It __________ since they got married.
他们结婚两年了。
3. Two hours _ __ __ I got up. 自从我起床两个小时过去了
4.He is very hungry. He_________ anything for three days. ( not eat )
5.We________good friends since we met at school . （be）
。
时
过去
一次/多次
态
time
二、 一般过去时的用法
一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态。用于一般过去时的时间状语有：
1）at that time, at that moment, just now, just then
Tom was here just now.
2) yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening,
last（that/tomorrow） night/week/month/Sunday/January等。
I called you last night, but you weren’t at home.
3)during the holidays, a few days/weeks/years ago
I finished the work a few days ago.
4) 由when, while, before, after, whenever等引导的从句。
When we reached London, it was twelve o’clock.
1. I can't find my pen . Who______it ( take )
2. I______my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )
3. He______down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )
过去进行时
1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：
1) (at) this time last night, at 9:00 yesterday
2) when I saw him; while I was watching TV
3) from seven to nine last night
4) yesterday, last year, yesterday morning
What were you doing this time yesterday
He _________________ (正在画)an elephant on the blackboard when the teacher came in.
was drawing
用过去进行时表示较长的动作。
过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。
eg. I _____________ ___ (正在写信)while you were studying for your exams.
I _____________________(我正在做作业) when someone knocked at the door.
was writing a letter
was doing my homework
“过去的过去”——双重过去
过去完成时
过去
time
双过
明示：
过去时间词
（by +过去时间）
暗示：
过去的动作
（ by the time +从句（用一般过去时）引导的句子，则主句用过去完成时）
过去完成时
1. 过去完成时表示过去某一动作或时间前已发生或完成的动作，也可指从过去某时开始到过去另一时间为止的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”，常用时间状语有：
1)before I went to the cinema; when I got there; before then;
2)by last year, by the end of last term; by then; by that time
eg. The meeting had begun when we got there.
We __________ (learn) about 1,000 English words by the end of last term.
2. 它还可表示从过去某一时间开始持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，往往和由for 或 before引导的时间状语连用，如：
Mr White__________ (live) in Beijing for two years before he moved to Canada.
过去将来
time
过去
现在
四、过去将来时
过去将来时
过去将来时指的是立足于过去某时，从过去的观点看将来发生的动作， 常用的时间状语有：
1)yesterday, the next day, that day/night
2)the following week 3) last 4) by then
5)when he grew up, after it stopped raining, by the time he arrived there…
They said that they would have a basketball match with Class Two this afternoon.
time
现在
将来
三、一般将来时
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语连用。如：
1) tomorrow, today, tonight
2) next spring/ week/ month/ year
3) during this term 4) first, next 5) when I grow up
What will you do next week
We’ll only stay for two weeks.
谓语动词形式
will do
am/ is/are going to do
am/ is/ are about to do
am/ is/ are to do
am/is /are doing
do/ does
考点：主将从现：
状语从句+ 主将从现： 将来时will V原形
We will go to the park when it clears up.
My car won't run out of oil tonight as long as I don't go out of town.
对比:
I'll let you know when he comes here later.
I'll let you know when he will come here.
时间状从
条件状从
时间状从：主将从现
宾语从句：看具体时间
解动词填空题“三步曲”
1..I (have) this book for 2 weeks.
have had
are planted
一看时间状语
2.Every year, many trees (plant) along the river.
3.Keep quiet, please! They (have) a lesson.
are having
4.---Hi,Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party.
---Oh, I (get) ready for the exam.
was getting
5.Tom (go) to bed early， but his brother doesn’t.
6. Listen! Jim’s radio (make) a loud
noise. Would you please tell him to turn it down
goes
is making
二观上下文联系
三找隐含条件
A. 试填下面的时态并说出它们的时态名：
1. They often_________ (get) up early in the morning.
2. Tom __________( go ) to the park every Sunday.
3. I _______ ( see ) the movie last month.
4. We ______________ ( plant ) trees next week.
5. Look! The children _______________(play) basketball now.
6. Lucy ______________ (do) her homework carefully when suddenly came a strange voice.
A. 试填下面的时态并说出它们的时态名：
7. My father _______________( teach) Chinese for 30 years.
8. The old man ______________(live) in the Guangming Street since he moved here.
9. -----Would you please go to see the film “The Shaolin Temple” with me tonight
----- Sorry, I _________________(see) it already.
10. When he got to the station yesterday, the bus _____already ___________ (leave).
11. The chairman said that we ___________ (build) a car factory in our city in 2017.
12. We _______________( work) on this project for over a month now.
Practice ( Homework 1):
1. We _________ ( go) to bed at ten o’clock every day.
2. ______the sun ________ ( rise) in the east
3. My brother _______ (want) to be a doctor when he _______(grow) up.
4. I’ll call you as soon as I _______ (get) home.
5. We __________　( talk ) about you a few minutes ago.
6. _________ they ____________ (finish) their homework last night
7. Sorry, I ________________ (not hear) you just now.
8. Both of us _____________________ ( graduate) from middle school next year.
9. The American President ______________ ( visit ) China next week.
10. Look! The child ______________________ ( smile).
I ____________________________ ( prepare) TOEFL these days.
12. When he got to the station yesterday, the bus _____already ___________ (leave).
13.The chairman said that we ___________ (build) a car factory in our city in 2017.
Who wrote this book
Mark Twain wrote this book.
=This book __________by Mark Twain.
was written
被动语态:
表示主语是动作的
被动语态的基本构成：
be + 及物动词的过去分词
It is produced in China.
The tradition was revived by students
承受者
表示时态
表被动
要变化
不变化
语态 时态 主动 被动
一般现在时 v. /v.s am /is /are + Vp.p
一般过去时 ved was / were + Vp.p
一般将来时 will + v. will be + Vp.p
过去将来时 would + v. would be + Vp.p
过去完成时 had + Vp.p had been + Vp.p
现在完成时 have /has + Vp.p have /has been + Vp.p
将来完成时 will have + Vp.p will have been + Vp.p
现在进行时 am /is / are + Ving am /is /are + being + Vp.p
过去进行时 was /were + Ving was /were + being + Vp.p
做题技巧小结
一看时间状语
二观上下文联系
三找隐含条件
时态和语态的主要考点
1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时
态为：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进
行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成进
行、过去将来等。
2、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态；主从
句时态呼应问题。
3、持续性动词和终止性动词的用法区别。
4、及物动词的被动语态。
5、系动词的用法特点。
6、某些以主动形式表被动意义的动词的用法。
动词时态和语态练习
Thank you!
Little by little,we go far.