2014版《高中英语语法通霸》-高考真题详细分类总结归纳讲解析练习1-冠词

答疑：QQ329950885
冠词
冠词可以分为定冠词（the），不定冠词（a, an），和零冠词（即不用冠词，如They’re students. students前就可以说用的零冠词。Water is important. 我们可以说water前用的零冠词。）
冠词的用法上可以分为：特指、独指和类指。
冠词的特指、独指和类指
定冠词的特指用法
定冠词的特指用法：非常明确地指出何人或何物。可以分为前照应特指、后照应特指和语境特指。
前照应特指
定冠词在前面，由后置修饰语来确定是何人何物。如：
This is the book you lent me yesterday.
This is the boy from England.
_____ old lady in brown is _____ university professor.
A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a
I like music, but I don’t like _____ music of this film.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
—How was _____ dinner at Mike’s house
—It was great. Mike’s mum is _____ wonderful cook.
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; an
后照应特指
冠词用在后面的名词前，和前面提到的同一名词相照应。（也就是第一次提到某物某人用不定冠词，再次提到时用定冠词。冠词在后面照应。）如：
I bought a book yesterday. The book cost me 20 yuan.
This is _____ egg. _____ egg is big.
A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The
There is _____ bridge over there. _____ bridge is made of wood.
A. the; The B. a; A
C. the; A D. a; The
语境特指
不是建立在上下文的照应关系上，而是建立在谈话双方共有的知识上。如：
Open the door.
Where is the book？
【2011全国II】As he reached _____ front door, Jack saw _____ strange sight.
A. the; / B. a; the C. /；a D. the; a
【2011山东】Take your time—it’s just _____ short distance from here to _____ restaurant.
A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a D. /; a
【2006北京】I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _____ keyboard.
You shouldn’t put drinks near _____ computer.
A. the; / B. the; a C. a; / D. a; a
【2008江西】—I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
—It is not your fault. With _____ rush-hour traffic and _____ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a
独指：指世上独一无二的事
定冠词的独指用法：世界上独一无二的事物前，要用定冠词。如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world, the universe, etc.
We can see _____ sun and _____ moon in _____ picture.
A. a; the; the B. the; a; the
C. a; the; a D. the; the; the
It’s _____ pleasure to see _____ sun rising in _____ east.
A. /; the; / B. a; /; /
C. a; the; the D. /; the; the
类指
可数名词表示类指时，有三种情况。
A horse is a domestic（家养的）animal.
= The horse is a domestic animal.
= Horses are domestic animals.
但是这三种类指方法各有侧重:
the指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别于另一个类别的 (多用于谈论发明物和科技问题)。如：
The compass was invented in China, but the computer was not. 罗盘是在中国发明的，但计算机不是。
a(n )侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点。如：
A cat has four legs.
猫有四条腿。
不用冠词的复数名词侧重指类别中的许多个体。如：
Children usually start walking at around one year old.
小孩儿一般一岁左右开始走路。
Do you like horses 你喜欢马吗？
(不能说Do you like a horse )
在类指时如何使用冠词要根据所要表达内容的具体情况而定。
The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.
虎有灭绝的危险。
(不能说“A tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.”。濒临灭绝指的是整个虎类，而不是任何一只老虎都面临灭绝的危险。)
_____ are very popular with people all over the world, but do you know who was it that invented _____ telephone
A. The telephone; / B. Telephone; a
C. The telephones; the D. Telephones; the
_____ trains are faster than _____ buses.
A. /; / B. The; / C. /; the D. The; a
【2012江西】The Smiths don’t like staying at _____ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _____ sea.
A. /; a B. the; the C. /; the D. the; a
_____ is known by its note, _____ is known by his talk.
A. A bird; a man B. One bird; one man
C. The bird; the man D. Bird; man
【2011全国I】 It is generally accepted that _____ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _____ man.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; /
In China, _____ car is becoming _____ popular means of transportation.
A. the; a B. a; / C. the; the D. a; the
The invention of _____ wheel is a great contribution to _____ man.
A. the; / B. / ; / C. a; the D. / ; the
【2009北京】 The biggest whale is _____ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of _____ 9-story building.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a
不可数名词泛指时不用冠词，特指时用定冠词
Water is a liquid. 水是液体。
Music is an art. 音乐是艺术。
The water in the bottle goes bad.
Money plays an important role in ______ material world. But expecting ______ money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.
A. a; the B. the; / C./; / D. the; the
Since he has no sense of ______ humor, I’m sure he didn’t catch ______ humor in your remarks.
A. /; the B. a; the C. a; / D. the; a
It is known to all that ______ light travels faster than ______ sound.
A. /; / B. a; a C. the; the D. the; /
【2010福建】 It’s ______ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them ______ pleasure
A. /; a B. a; / C. the; a D. a; the
【2008湖南】Have you heard ______ news？The price of ______ petrol is going up again!
A. the; the B. /; the
C. the; / D. /; /
【2012全国新课标】 Sarah looked at ______ finished painting with ______ satisfaction.
A. /; a B. a; the C. the; / D. the; a
【2013新课标I】India attained ____ independence in 1947, after _____ long struggle.
A. /; a B. the; a C. an; / D. an; the
链接：
抽象名词前面不用冠词泛指时侧重于表达一种概念。如上面题中的attain independence, with satisfaction表达的是“获得独立”这个概念，并不是强调获得哪次独立。
在可数名词中，go to school去上学， be in hospital在住院；而go to the school去那所学校（不一定是去上学）， be in the hospital在那家医院（不一定是生病）。我们可以看出，不管是可数名词还是抽象名词，不用冠词时可以表示概念，用定冠词时表示特指。
名词有修饰语时，前面不一定都用定冠词
I like books with hard covers. 我喜欢精装书。
I like the books with hard covers. 我喜欢那些精装书。
在第一句中，books是泛指精装书这一类书。在第二句中，是特指，所以用定冠词。
在第一句中，with hard covers是描绘性定语。在第二句中，with hard covers是限定性定语，指的是那些书中精装的那些，而不是别的。
限制性定语：指of引导的定语或某些定语从句，他们限制名词的意义，是指特定的内容，和它相对的则是描绘型定语（这种定语只描绘，不限定意思）：
名词被限制性定语修饰时，前面用定冠词；被描绘性定语修饰时，不用定冠词。
She cared little for social life.
她对社交生活不太感兴趣。(social为描绘性定语)
He has always been interested in classical music.
他一向喜欢古典音乐。（classical为描绘性定语）
This is the book you want. 这是你想要的那本书。
（you want为限制性定语）
This is a book you must read. 这是一本你必须要读的书。（you must read为描绘性定语）
【2000全国】Most animals have little connection with ______ animals of ______ different kind unless they kill them for food.
A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the
【2012浙江】The development of industry has been ______ gradual process throughout ______ human existence from stone tools to modern technology.
A. /; the B. the; a C. a; / D. a; a
【2010浙江】 Many lifestyle patterns do such ______ great harm to health that they actually speed up ______ weakening of the human body.
A. a; / B. /; the C. a; the D. /; /
【2004北京春】On ______ news today, there were ______ reports of heavy snow in that area.
A. the; the B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the
As a consequence，______ fruits such as peaches and pears are in fact related, although they are different at ______ first sight.
A. the; the B. /; the C. /; / D. the; /
遇到名词要考虑前面冠词是特指还是类指（P. 225)
不定冠词a，an 的基本用法
a, an 的选择
用a还是用an, 关键是看该单词音标中第一个音素是元音音素还是辅音音素。
There is ______ “u” in the word “use”. 这里用a。因为字母u的读音为，为辅音音素。
在26个字母前：
用a的有14个：b, c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z；
用an的有12个：a, e, i, o; f, l, m, n, s, x; h, r 。
分类记为：
元音字母（4个）：a, e, i, o
字母读音中第一个音素为 （6个）：
f , l , m , n , s , x
字母读音中第一个音素为 （1个）：h
字母读音中第一个音素为 (1个)：r
an honest boy an hour an honor
____ “M” ______ “N” ______ “L” (an)
____ ugly man (an)
____ university student　　　 (a)
____ European car (a)
____ 800-word-long composition (an)
____180-metre-long road (a)
Mr. Taylor has ______ 8-year-old daughter who is ______ girl for painting – she has won two nation prizes.
A. a; a B. an; the C. an; a D. the; a
Susan, ______ university student from Europe, teaches me ______ art in her spare time.
A. an; / B. a; the C. a; / D. an; the
A little boy wrote ______ “U” and ______ “n” on the wall.
A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a
Now he is ______ artist. I have known him since he was ______ one-year-old boy.
A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a
【2004浙江】The Wilsons live in ______ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ______ 17th century cottage.
A. the; / B. an; the C. /; the D. an; a
a/an有表示“每一个”之意，这时不能用one 替换
The train is running fifty miles ______.
A. an hour B. one hour
C. the hour D. a hour
The new D-type trains can run at speeds of 200 to 250 kilometers ______ hour. The trip from Shanghai to Beijing only takes 10 hours now.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
help, success, honor, must, wonder, failure, wonder表示具体意义时
抽象名词前一般不用任何冠词，但表示具体意义的“……的人或事”时是可数名词，其前用不定冠词。如：
This book is a great success.
He is a success as a writer.
He is a great help to me.
This dictionary is a great help.
Mr. Smith told us that ______ gold medal his son had got was considered ______ great honor to the whole family.
A. the; / B. the; a C. a; a D. a; the
Don’t you think it ______ surprise that a German cannot speak ______ German language
A. /; the B. a; the C. a; / D. /; the
【2007福建】—How about ______ Christmas evening party
—I should say it was ______ success.
A. a; a B. the; a C. a; / D. the; /
【2007浙江】I like ______ color of your skirt. It is ______ good match for your blouse.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the
【2012山东】Being able to afford ______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; / D. /; a
______ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is ______ major concern of the country.
A. The; / B. The; a C. An; the D. An; /
用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵”
如：That’s a green tea. 那是一种绿茶。
They were caught in a heavy rain.
他们淋了一场大雨。
It’s a great pleasure to have a talk with you.
—What would you like, sir
— ______.
A. Two cups coffee B. Two cups of coffees
C. Two coffees D. Two cup of coffees
用在一些专有名词和一些本身前面要用定冠词的名词前，表示某一方面
In four minutes he was met by an anxious Miss Cramb.
四分钟之后，焦急的克朗姆小姐向他迎来。
不定冠词用于专有名词前，表示某个时期或具有某种特征的人或物。此时，专有名词常有前置修饰性定语。再如：
She is now a different Miss Nancy from what she was when she was my neighbor.
她现在已不是与我为邻时的那个南希小姐了。
【2010江苏】The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that ______ people from all walks of life are working hard for ______ new Jiangsu.
A. /; a B. /;the C. the; a D. the; the
【2009安徽】We can never expect ______ bluer sky unless we create ______ less polluted world.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the
用在人名或星期前，表示“某一”， 相当于a certain
不定冠词用于人名或星期几之前，表示说话者对所谈及的人或时间把握不大，不知道到底是谁或哪个星期几。此时的不定冠词相当于one或a certain。
—Can I speak to Mr. Green
—Sorry. There isn’t ______ Mr. Smith here.
A. / B. a C. the D. an
【2005山东】I know ______ John Lennon, but not ______ famous one .
A. /; a B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a
【2005 湖南】 I can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left ______ city. I only remember it was ______ Monday.
A. The; the B. a; the
C. a; a D. the; a
用在人名、地名等前面，相当于汉语中的“借代”修辞手法
He is a Shakespeare in his dramatic skill.
在戏剧技巧方面他可以说是莎翁再世。
用于人名、地名、书名之前，表示所提及的人或物与专有名词所指的人或物具有相同的性质。
【2011浙江】 Experts think that ______ recently discovered painting may be ______ Picasso.
A. the; / B. a; the C. a; / D. the; a
be of an (a) age /size /height /shape /color /weight /type /price等表示“相同的”
（参看P.27考点7）
Those windows are of a size. 这些窗户大小相同。
＝Those windows are of the same size.
They are nearly of an age. 他们基本同龄。
＝They are nearly of the same age.
These two Christmas trees are of ______size, but the one they bought yesterday is maybe twice ______size of them.
A. the; the B. a; the
C. a; a D. the; a
用活不定冠词a, an（P. 225)
定冠词the 的基本用法
与序数词和最高级连用
在表达“一年级”时，我们可以说：Grade One或the first grade。
可以看出：用基数词表示名称时，基数词放在名词后面，名词前面不用冠词，且名词和基数词都要大写；用序数词表示名称时，序数词放在名词前面，序数词前要用冠词，序数词和名词都小写。
【1999全国】Paper money was in ______ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ______ thirteenth century.
A. the; / B. the; the C./; the D. /; /
He is a student of ______.
A. class First B. the class one
C. Class One D. First Class
We were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of ______.
A. the act first B. Act One
C. act first D. first act
He lived in ______.
A. the room 105 B. the 105 room
C. the 105 of the room D. Room 105
表示乐器类名词前用定冠词
球类、棋类等运动类名词前不用冠词, 而乐器类名称前要用定冠词。有人想了这个办法，“搞体育的人总是衣冠不齐（没有冠词），而搞音乐的人衣冠整齐（有冠词）。
—Tina，could you please play ______ piano for me while I’m singing？
—With pleasure.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
He can play almost every kind of music instrument but he is good ______.
A. at the flute B. at flute C. at a flute D. at that flute
与形容词或分词连用, 指一类人
the poor the rich the old
the young the wounded the uneducated
the injured the Chinese the Japanese
有时也可表示具体的某个或某些。如：
The wounded was a young boy.
He wrote ______ song, which turned out to be rather popular with ______ young.
A. the; the B. a; /
C. a; the D. the; /
The investigators found that more should be done for ______ in India.
A. those poor B. a poor
C. poor D. the poor
The young nurse is kind to ______ ill in the hospital.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped ______.
A. the ill B. the wounded
C. the brave D. the rich
与姓氏复数名词连用, 表示某某一家人，或某某夫妇
The Whites are chatting. 怀特一家人正在聊天.
______ usually go to church every Sunday.
A. The Brown B. A Brown
C. Browns D. The Browns
【1998上海】—Who did you spend last weekend with
—______.
A. Palmer’s B. The Palmers’
C. The Palmers D. The Palmer’s
由两个以上的普通名词组成的专有名称，一般要用定冠词
沙漠河流与群山，列岛海峡与海湾, 阶级党派国家名，组织团体与机关。
（可以概括为“政党定江山”，也就是说表示“政党”和“江山”一类的前面要用“定”冠词。有点琐碎，也可不记，仅用来参考。）
注意：the 与山脉名词连用; 在表示山或山峰的名词前一般不用冠词, 如Mount Tai 。但是在山脉的复数之前需要加the。如: the Alps （阿尔卑斯山）
江河海洋：the Changjiang River, the Suez Canal, the Pacific Ocean
山脉群岛：the Tianshan Mountains, the Alps, the Zhoushan Archipelago
海峡海湾：the English Channel, the Taiwan Straits
国名：the United States, the United Kingdom, the People’s Republic of China
组织：the United Nations, the Ministry of Education, the No.2 Army Medical College
建筑物：the National Gallery, the Peace Hotel, the Worker’s Gymnasium
报纸、期刊：The Washington Post, the Daily Mail
标牌：the No.10 bus
但：街道、广场、公园、车站机场、桥梁、大学等一般不用定冠词。
（可以概括为“城市设施”类。）
街道：Nanjing Road, Fleet Street
广场：Tiananmen Square, Times Square
公园：Beihai Park, Hyde Park
车站、机场、桥梁：Paddington Station, Kennedy Airport, Golden Gate Bridge
大学：Qinghua University, Yale University
They sailed along ______ Yellow River for two weeks before they arrived ______ home.
A. /; / B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the
【2011陕西】As is know to all, ______ People’s Republic of China is ______ biggest developing country in the world.
A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; /
From the top of ______ Empire State Building, you could see up to ______ distance of 130 kilometers on a clear day.
A. the; the B. /; a
C. an; the D. the; a
【2013陕西】Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ______ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ______ thirteenth century.
A. the; a B. a; / C. /; the D. the; the
用在年代、朝代、时代名词前
the Tang Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn Period, in the 1870’s 在19世纪70年代
注意：in modern times, in the old days
【2012四川】We are said to be living in ______ Information Age, ______ time of new discoveries and great changes.
A. an; the B. /; the C. /; a D. the; a
Scientists hope to send an expedition to Mars during ______.
A. the 1990s B. the 1990
C. 1990s D. 1990’s
用在“by + the+单位名词”结构中, 表示 “以……单位计”
The apples are sold by the kilo. 这些苹果按公斤卖。
The workers are paid by the hour.
这些工人的工资是按小时计算的。
Apples are usually sold by ______ weight, and eggs are sometimes sold by ______ dozen.
A. the; the B. /; a
C. /; the D. the; a
—How did you pay the workers
—As a rule, they are paid ______.
A. by an your B. by the hour
C. by a hour D. by hours
【2011江西】—It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 ______ year.
—Right, he will also get paid by ______ week.
A. the; the B. a; the
C. the; a D. a; a
hit/ strike /pull /seize /lead /catch+ sb. + by +
the +部位
The stone hit him in the face.
I hit Tom on the nose/shoulder/head.
He struck the thief in the eyes/face.
She led the cow by the nose.
I seized her by the hand/hair.
He grabbed me ______ and pulled me onto the bus.
A. a arm B. an arm
C. the arm D. by the arm
I didn’t know why he looked angry when I patted him ______.
A. on the head B. on head
C. on a head D. on his head
A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in ______ leg.
A. a B. one C. the D. his
【2008浙江】 ____ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.　
A. An; the B. The; the
C. An; / D. The; /
表示方向的词前面用定冠词, 如：on the left, in the south
The DMZ extends about two hundred kilometers ______.
A. from east to west
B. from the east to west
C. from the east to the west
D. from eastern to western
the + 比较级，用于两者（参看P. 40考点9）
He is the taller of the two soldiers.
掌握好名词前用the的各种情况（P. 225）
不用冠词的情况
季节、月份、星期、节日、假日和三餐前一般不加冠词
①Children’s Day falls on June 1. 6月1日是儿童节。
②Spring comes after Winter. 冬去春来。
注意：1. 中国节日，如：the Mid-Autumn Festival , the Spring Festival，the Dragon Boat Festival, the Lantern Festival等前要用冠词。
2. 如果季节、月份、星期和三餐有定语修饰时, 就要加冠词。
比较：have breakfast与 have a light/big/heavy breakfast, on Sunday 与on a Sunday of May。
He left the city in the autumn of 2001.
他是在2001年的秋天离开那座城市的。
I go to work very early. I don’t usually have ______ breakfast, but I always eat ______ good supper.
A. /; a B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the
After ______ quick breakfast I hurried to ______ school.
A. /; / B. a; / C. the; the D. the; /
I came here in ______ autumn of 2008.
A. one B. a C. an D. the
The children all had a good time on ______ Children’s Day.
A. the B. their C. a D. /
不可数名词泛指时（参看P. 4考点3.II 类指）
Water is important to our life.
水对于我们的生活很重要。
球类、棋类名词前不加冠词
He likes playing football/chess.
注意, 弹奏乐器要用the。如：
He is playing the piano /the guitar.
He likes playing ______ piano, he doesn’t like playing ______ football.
A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /
by+名词表示交通方式时，名词前不要冠词，名词也不用复数
by car by bus by bike by train by air by sea by land （但by turns用复数）
【2005 全国】 If you go by ______ train , you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get ______ fast one.
A. the; the B. /; a C. the; a D. /; /
Mr. Black will go back to England ______.
A. by air B. by a plane
C. by trains D. at a train
【2008江苏】 We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.
A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; /
She went to ______ town on ______ foot.
A. the; a B. /; / C. /; the D. the; the
称呼语或表示头衔、职务的名词作表语、补语或同位语时, 一般不加冠词
We elected him president of our university.
Lincoln was elected President of the USA.
The Vice-president was murdered.
He was elected ______ president of the USA.
A. / B. one C. a D. the
Under no circumstances will there be wage control while I am ______ of the government.
A. the head B. a head C. head D. that head
【2011四川】Dr. Peter Spence, ______ headmaster of the school, told us, “______ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge. ”
A. /; A B. /; The
C. the; The D. a; A
【2012重庆】Sam has been appointed ______ manager of the engineering department to take ______ place of George.
A. /; / B. the; /
C. the; the D. /; the
turn后跟名词表示“成为”时名词前不用冠词
He wanted to turn teacher when he was a boy.
His dream was to turn ______ doctor.
A. / B. the C. a D. one
Don’t lose heart. If you lose heart, you will not ______ a successful engineer.
A. turn B. learn C. have D. make
kind of/sort of等表示种类时，后面名词前不用冠词
kind (sort) of后面常跟单数可数名词和不可数名词（且名词前通常不用冠词）。如：
I only like this kind/sort of flower /bread.
我只喜欢这种花(面包)。
What kind /sort of poem do you like best
你最喜欢什么样的诗
注：在口语或非正式文体中有时也可在kind /sort of后接复数名词。如：
What kind/sort of pictures do you like best 你最喜欢什么样的图画
What ______ are you planning to buy
A. make（型号）of car B. make of the car
C. make of a car D. make of cars
在一些成对出现的短语中，如：day and night,
young and old等，名词前不用冠词
常见的有：arm in arm, hand in hand, day after day, from door to door, from beginning to end, from morning till night等。
She did experiment after experiment.
她做了一个又一个实验。
English learners, old and young, gather at regular time to practice their spoken English.
英语学习者，老老少少会定期聚在一起练习口语。
The farmers went on working, ______.
A. hours after hours B. a hour after a hour
C. an hour after an hour D. hour after hour
The students went out of the room ______.
A. one by two B. one by one
C. two by another D. one by the other
常考的几类不可数名词
学科名词是不可数名词
Do you study mathematics 你学数学吗
She is ______ newcomer to ______ chemistry, but she has already made some important discoveries.
A. the; the B. the; / C. a; / D. a; the
【2012安徽】Carl is studying ______ food science at college and hopes to open up ______ meat processing factory of his own one day.
A. /; a B. /; the C. the; a D. the; the
表示疾病的名词前一般不用冠词
According to ______ review of 44 students, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of ______ heart disease by 76%.
A. a; the B. the; a C. a; / D. /; a
man 意为“人类”, word 意为“消息”，space意为“太空”时，其前不用冠词
______ word comes that China has won the FIFA World Cup.
A. / B. One C. A D. The
He left ______ with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. He said he would keep ______.
A. words; his words
B. word; his word
C. word; word
D. the word; his words
Swimming is ______ in summer.
A. a great fun B. great fun
C. great funs D. great a fun
______ nice weather it is! Let’s go out for a walk, shall we
A. How B. How a C. What a D. What
【2010辽宁】 There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto ______ earth.
A. the; the B. /; the
C. the; / D. a; the
【2013江西】Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.
A. a ; / B. the ; the C. a ; the D. / ; /
knowledge和experience
knowledge一般是不可数名词，但如果有修饰语时，常用作可数名词单数形式，前面用不定冠词。如：
English is a bridge to so much knowledge.
He has a limited knowledge of French.
experience做“经验”讲时，是不可数名词；做“经历”讲时，是可数名词。
【1996全国】Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in ______ international trade.
A. a; / B. the; an C. the; the D. /; the
I want an assistant with ______ knowledge of French and ______ experience of office routine.
A. the; the B. a; the C. a; an D. the; an
Young as she is, Jane has gained ______ rich experience in ______ society.
A. /; / B. a; / C. the; the D. /; the
【2002全国】Jumping out of ______ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ______ experience.
A. an; the B. /; an
C. an; an D. the; the
as 引导的让步状语从句中, 作表语的名词不带冠词(参看P. 126考点2)
Child as she is, she knows a lot of things.
尽管她很小，但她懂得许多事情。
掌握好名词前不用冠词的情况（P. 225)
其他
有定冠词与无定冠词的区别
sit at table 吃饭
sit at the table 在桌旁
be in charge of 负责……
be in the charge of 由……负责
take place 发生
take the place of 代替
in possession of 拥有
in the possession of 为……所有
It is out of question. 那是毫无疑问的。
It is out of the question. 那是根本不可能的。
on the whole 大体上; 一般地
as a whole 全班的; 整体的
a most important meeting一个很重要的会议
the most important meeting 最重要的会议
a third time 又一次
the third time第三次
at a distance 稍远些
in the distance 在远处
a number of一些, 许多
the number of ……的数目
for a moment 一会儿
for the moment 目前; 暂时
in hospital/prison 住院/住监（表概念）
in the hospital/prison 在医院/监狱里（表地点）
go to school /church 上学/做礼拜
go to the school /church到学校/教堂去
on earth 究竟
on the earth在地球上
in front of 在…… (外部的)前面
in the front of 在…… (内部的)前面
two of us 我们当中的两人
the two of us 我们两人 (共计两人)
by sea 乘船, 从海路
by the sea 在海边
This book tells ______ life story of John Smith, who left ______ school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.
A. the; the B. a; the C. the ; / D. a ; /
【2004年天津】When he left ______ college, he got a job as ______ reporter in a newspaper office.
A. /; a B. /; the C. a; the D. the; the
Jack couldn’t remember the exact date of the earthquake, but he knew it was ______ Saturday because everybody was at ______ church.
A. /; the B. a; / C. /; a D. the; /
—What new subject are you going to have in ______ second grade？
—I’m going to learn ______ second foreign language.
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; / D. /; a
【2012全国Ⅱ】He missed ______ gold in the high jump, but will get ______ second chance in the long jump.
A. the; the B. /; a C. the; a D. a; /
【2010北京】First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ______ second chance to make ______ first impression.
A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a
—What’s the matter with you
—I caught ______ bad cold and had to stay in ______ bed.
A. a; / B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the
When Linda was a child, her mother always let her have ______ bed.
A. the breakfast in B. the breakfast in the
C. breakfast in D. breakfast in the
Their victory is ______, for they’ve lost too many men.
A. out of question B. out of the question
C. out question D. of question
We often play football in ______ of the school building.
A. a front B. fronts C. front D. the front
【2010山东】 If we sit near ______ front of the bus, we’ll have ______ better view.
A. /; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the
Shall we go to see our teacher She is ill ______.
A. in a hospital B. in the hospital
C. in hospital D. in hospitals
He stole the money and they put him ______.
A. in prison B. to prison
C. at the prison D. in the prison
He is in ______ control of the company. I mean the company is in ______ control of him.
A. the; / B. /; / C. /; the D. the; the
I waited until James and Johnson came. Then ______ began to study a map.
A. all of them B. the three of us
C. three of us D. both of us
【2012江西】The Smiths don’t like staying at ______ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ______ sea.
A. /; a B. the; the
C. /; the D. the; a
Most of the representatives think that ______ the meeting was very successful.
A. on whole of B. on a whole
C. on the whole D. on the whole that
可数名词单数不能单独使用
要么前面加上冠词, 要么前面加上指示代词或物主代词，要么用为复数。
This is pen. (错误。pen是可数名词单数，不能单独使用。)可改为：
This is a pen.
This is the pen.
This is his/her/my/their pen.
This is that pen.
These are pens.
一些短语中
—Hey, Mr. Smith, you are wanted on ______ phone.
—Who is calling
—______ Mr. Green. I don’t know who he is.
A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a D. /; /
He enjoys life ______ the “Queen Anne”.
A. on a board B. on board
C. in the board D. board
Mrs. Taylor has ______ 8-year-old daughter who has ______ gift for painting—she has won two national prizes.
A. a ; a B. an; the C. an; a D. the; a
—Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management
—If you made ______ most of the equipment, there would be ______ rise in production.
A. /; / B. the; a C. the; the D. the; /
Her daughter was so lovely ______ little girl that everybody in the street would smile at her at ______ first sight.
A. the; a B. a; / C. the; the D. /; the
【2008山东】Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.
A. /; a B. /; the C. the; the D. the; a
【2007 江西】Many people have come to realize that they should go on ______ balanced diet and make ______ room in their day for exercise.
A. a; / B. the; a C. the; the D./; a
【2013浙江】People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______early age and these preferences affect learning.
A. a; an B. a; / C. /; the D. the; an
两个名词表示同一事物时只在前一个用冠词
(参看P. 168 考点5 )
A writer and singer is present at the meeting.
a knife and fork a watch and chain
a, an 的特殊位置(参看P. 25考点3)
I had never experienced so hot a day before.
It was as good a gift as he had promised.
其他冠词相关（P. 225)
答案：
冠词
冠词的特指、独指和类指
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. D
6. D 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. D
11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A
16. A 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. B
21 A 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C
26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. B
31. C
不定冠词a，an的基本用法
1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D
6. A 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B
11. C 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A
16. A 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. D
21. B
定冠词the的基本用法
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. C
6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B
11. D 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B
21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A
26. C
不用冠词的情况
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. B
6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A
11. C 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D
16. A 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. A
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D
26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A
31. C
其他
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C
6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C
11. C 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
16. C 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. C
21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A