Unit 4 Problems and advice 第3课时 Grammar课件(共18张PPT)

(共18张PPT)
Unit 4 Problems and advice
第3课时 Grammar
目录
01
语法聚焦
02
课堂练习
语法聚焦
英语句子的成分
一、英语句子成分一般包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等七类。
句子成分 意义 充当词类 举例
主语 表示句子所要说明或描述的对象 名、代、数、不定式、动名词、短语等 He is a student. 他是一名学生。(代词he作主语)
谓语 说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征 动词或动词词组 She loves cats. 她喜爱猫。(动词love作谓语)
续表
句子成分 意义 充当词类 举例
宾语 指谓语动作所涉及的对象，是动作的承受者 名、代、数、不定式、动名词、短语或句子 We speak Chinese. 我们讲汉语。(名词Chinese作宾语)
表语 说明主语的身份、特征、属性和状态，位于系动词后面 名、代、数、不定式、动名词、形容词短语或句子 This flower is yellow. 这朵花是黄色的。(形容词yellow作表语)
续表
句子成分 意义 充当词类 举例
定语 对名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明 形、代、数、名、副、介词短语或句子 I like light music. 我喜欢轻音乐。(形容词light作定语)
状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果等 副词、介词短语或名词短语 He is watching TV at home. 他正在家里看电视。(at home作状语，指明动作发生的地点)
续表
句子成分 意义 充当词类 举例
补语 主要用于对主语和宾语的补充和说明 形容词、副词、名词、动名词等 Leave the door open. 让门开着吧。(open作宾语the door的补语)
要点口诀：主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
补充：句子成分的表示法
S：Subject(主语)
V：Verb(动词)
O：Object(宾语)
DO：Direct Object(直接宾语，简称直宾)
IO：Indirect Object(间接宾语，简称间宾)
P：Predicative(表语)
C：Complement(补语)
A：Adverbial(状语)
OC: Object Complement(宾语补足语，简称宾补)
二、基本句型:
基本句型 举例
S+V(主+谓) Class begins . 开始上课了。
S+V+O (主+谓+宾) He plays the piano . 他弹钢琴。
S+V+P(主+系+表) We are students . 我们是学生。
S+V+IO+DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾) She gave me a pen . 她给了我一支钢笔。
S+V+DO+IO (主+谓+直宾+间宾) My friend gave a present to me . 我的朋友给了我一份礼物。
续表
基本句型 举例
S+V+O+OC (主+谓+宾+宾补) He made the boy angry . 他让那个男孩生气了。
S+V+O+A (主+谓+宾+状) I am playing the piano at home . 我正在家里弹钢琴。
S+V+A (主+谓+状) He is studying at home . 他正在家里学习。
一、判断下列句子的结构类型
1. He is running. ( )
2. She seemed angry. ( )
3. My uncle bought a watch for me. ( )
4. The little boy is asking a question. ( )
5. My father bought me a beautiful present. ( )
课堂练习
A
C
E
B
D
A. S+V
B. S+V+O
C. S+V+P
D. S+V+IO+DO
E. S+V+DO+IO
二、选择填空
( )1. The sentence pattern of “ I like dogs.” is _____. (原创题)
A. S+V+O B. S+V+P
C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
A
( )2. The sentence pattern of “I visit my grandparents every week.” is _____.(原创题)
A. S+V+O+A B. S+V+O+C
C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
( )3. The sentence pattern of “He gave me an interesting book.” is _____. (原创题)
A. S+V+O+C B. S+V+DO+IO
C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O+A
A
C
( )4. The sentence pattern of “He gave an interesting book to me.” is _____.(原创题)
A. S+V+O+C B. S+V+DO+IO
C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O+A
B
( )5. The sentence pattern of “Tom asked us to watch a football match in the Capital Stadium next Sunday.” is _____. (原创题)
A. S+V+O+OC+A+A B. S+V+O+A+C+A
C. S+V+O+A+A+C D. S+V+O+C+A+C
A
三、语法填空
Dear Sara,
I’m writing to tell that I feel very upset these days, because I have a big problem and don’t know 1.________ to do to solve it.
I 2.________ (have) a lot of homework every day since I became a Grade 9 student. I have no 3.________ (choose) but to do it. I often stay up late to finish it and then
what
have had
choice
feel very 4.________ (sleep) the next day. 5.____________ I understand it is very important 6.________ (do) my homework and hand it on time, sometimes it still seems difficult for me and I don’t want to do so much homework. I almost have no time for my hobbies. The 7.________ (bad) thing is that we have even more homework on Sundays and holidays. The 8.________ (long) the holidays are, the more homework I get.
sleepy
Though / Although
to do
worst
longer
I am expecting a holiday 9.________ homework so that I can relax and do what I want. What should I do I really hope that you can give me more 10.________ (suggest). I am looking forward to your reply.
Debby
without
suggestions
THANKS!