2023届高三英语二轮复习：名词性从句 课件(30张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语二轮复习：名词性从句 课件(30张ppt) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-04 21:56:06 | ||
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文档简介
(共30张PPT)
Noun Clause
(名词性从句 )
The question is well worth discussing.
I like English.
We are students.
Xi Jinping, our chairman, is concerned about the epidemic(传染病) situation.
名词
Whether we can do so is well worth discussing.
I like what you are wearing today.
I am who I am.
There is no doubt that we will defeat the coronavirus finally.
名词性从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
一、主语从句
通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
What we call a hovercraft（气垫船） is a means of transport（交通工具） with neither wheels nor wings.
Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference.
It is well known that the sea covers about three-fourths of the earth’s surface.
1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用
单数形式.
That they will come certain.
2.由who, whoever引导的主语从句的单复数
要视从句中的单复数而定.
Whoever say that to be punished.
Who he is doesn't concern me.
3.What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数
由表语的单复数决定.
What we wants now enough surgical masks.
What he wants some water.
二、主谓一致
is ， are ， are， is
二、宾语从句
通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
I heard that he joined the army.
We only believe what Zhong Nanshan said.
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
we should be grateful for what all the medical workers have done.
三、表语从句
一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。
The question is whether we can make good preparations in such a short time.
That is where he spent his childhood.
That is why the brothers wanted to make
a bet（打赌）.
It looked as if it was going to rain.
四、同位语从句
同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。跟同位语从句的名词有news, word（消息), idea, fact, question, problem, hope, suggestion, truth, possibility, doubt 等。
I heard the news that our team had won.
I had no idea that you were here.
The king’s decision that the prisoner. would be set free surprised all the people.
There is no doubt that he will succeed.
名词性从句的连接词
连接代词
连接副词
连接词
从属连词
that, whether/ if (是否)
who, whose, what, which,whatever,whoever等
when, where, why, how
1.连词 that (无词义,不作成分，宾从可省);
That we will defeat the Coronaviruses is certain.
=It is certain that we will defeat the Coronaviruses
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
We make it clear that anyone who breaks the rule will be punished.
（It 作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句或宾语从句的连接词没有变化。）
that/whether
用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句
It is an honor/a pity that... 非常荣幸/很遗憾……
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is strange/natural/clear/necessary/certain/ture that…
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句
It seems/appears that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
It doesn't matter whether... ......没关系
(4) It is＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is said/reported/well known/believed that…
据说/据报道/众所周知人们都认为……
I hope (that) everything is all right.
I know (that) he has just graduated from college
and that he is looking for a job.
（注：that在引导宾语从句时，常可省略，但如果有两个以上的宾语从句时，从第二个从句开始that不能省略。）
The reason why he was late for school was that he missed the school bus.
The fact that you haven’t enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.
Word came that the king died.
that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别
that引导的 同位语从句 that引导的
定语从句
句法功能 that只起连接从句的作用，在句中不充当句子成分，不可省。 that替代先行词，在从句不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分，在从句中作动词的宾语时可省。
意义上 从句是被修饰名词的内容。 从句起限定作用，是定语。
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）
区分同位语从句和定语从句
2. whether/if (是否)有意义，不作成分，不可省
I wonder if/whether you can do me a favor.
Whether you can succeed is still a question.
The problem is whether we should continue to do the experiment
The question whether you can borrow me the money has not been answered.
只用whether 不用if的情况
1）作介词宾语时，连接词一般用whether。
It all depends on whether they will come back.
2）后面直接跟or not 时，用whether。
I didn't know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
3）主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
4）whether可引导一个让步状语从句，表示“不管，无论”，而if不能。
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.
5）whether可与动词不定式连用，但if不能。
I have not decided whether to go or not.
连接代词
连接词 词义 在句中所
作成分 连 接 代 词 who/ whom/ which/ whose/ what 原疑问代词的意义；what更常表示：the thing that / the …that 所……的东西/…… 主语、宾语、表语、定语
whoever/ whomever / which ever/ whatever 无论谁/ 无论哪个(些)/无论什么 主语、宾语、表语、定语
有词义，做成分
What he is （他是怎样的人/他现在的情况）has nothing to do with you.
She did not know what had happened.
The question who should do the work requires consideration .
Whose ticket this is has not been found out.
I haven't decided which car I want to buy.
Who breaks the vase should be punished. Whoever breaks the vase should be punished.
连接词 词义 在句中所作成分
连 接 副 词 when/ where/ why/ how 原疑问副词的意义或“……的时间(the time when)；……的地点(the place where)；……的原因(the reason why)”；……的方式(the way that) 状语
连接副词
有词义，做状语
Why he didn't turn up is not clear to everyone.
I don't care where you want to go.
The problem is how we can reduce pollution.
That is why he was late for school.
We haven’t settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
与动词：一坚持(insist)、二命令(order，command)、三要求(demand，require，request)、四建议(suggest，advise，propose，recommend)相关的名词性从句（宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）中，谓语部分常用(should)do形式。
Doctors suggest that we should do exercise regularly.
Doctors' suggestion is that we should do exercise regularly.
It is suggested that we should do exercise regularly.
The suggestion that we should do exercise regularly is beneficial to our health.
特别注意
虚拟语气
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句具体分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。从名词性从句在句中所起的作用来说，名词性从句是句子不可缺少的一部分，和句子的其他成分之间也不会用逗号隔开。而定语从句和状语从句是句子中的修饰成分，去掉之后不会影响复合句里主句结构的完整性。这是判断是否是名词性从句最主要的特征。
I wonder how much these shoes cost.
(宾语从句，不可省去)
He is the very（就是；正是） man I look after. (定语从句，修饰the man)
You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. (状语从句)
做题建议：
先判断出名词性从句，然后看从句，不缺成分不缺含义的情况下用that,其他情况根据含义“缺啥补啥”。
练习：
1.______ I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind.
2. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
3.It was ordered that all the soldiers _ ___ （send） to the front．
4.Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
5. _______ matters is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
What
that
(should) be sent
that
What
6.The reason ____ I have to go is_____ my mother is ill in bed．
A. why ; why B. why ; because
C. why ; that D. that ; because
7.Energy is ____ makes things work．
A．what B．everything C．something D．anything
8. These wild flowers are so special, I would do _______ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
C
A
A
9. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That's ________ I don't agree. You should have a more active life.
A．where B．how C．when D．what
10.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was ________ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A．what B．that C．why D．whether
A
B
Goodbye！
Noun Clause
(名词性从句 )
The question is well worth discussing.
I like English.
We are students.
Xi Jinping, our chairman, is concerned about the epidemic(传染病) situation.
名词
Whether we can do so is well worth discussing.
I like what you are wearing today.
I am who I am.
There is no doubt that we will defeat the coronavirus finally.
名词性从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
一、主语从句
通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
What we call a hovercraft（气垫船） is a means of transport（交通工具） with neither wheels nor wings.
Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference.
It is well known that the sea covers about three-fourths of the earth’s surface.
1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用
单数形式.
That they will come certain.
2.由who, whoever引导的主语从句的单复数
要视从句中的单复数而定.
Whoever say that to be punished.
Who he is doesn't concern me.
3.What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数
由表语的单复数决定.
What we wants now enough surgical masks.
What he wants some water.
二、主谓一致
is ， are ， are， is
二、宾语从句
通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
I heard that he joined the army.
We only believe what Zhong Nanshan said.
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
we should be grateful for what all the medical workers have done.
三、表语从句
一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。
The question is whether we can make good preparations in such a short time.
That is where he spent his childhood.
That is why the brothers wanted to make
a bet（打赌）.
It looked as if it was going to rain.
四、同位语从句
同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。跟同位语从句的名词有news, word（消息), idea, fact, question, problem, hope, suggestion, truth, possibility, doubt 等。
I heard the news that our team had won.
I had no idea that you were here.
The king’s decision that the prisoner. would be set free surprised all the people.
There is no doubt that he will succeed.
名词性从句的连接词
连接代词
连接副词
连接词
从属连词
that, whether/ if (是否)
who, whose, what, which,whatever,whoever等
when, where, why, how
1.连词 that (无词义,不作成分，宾从可省);
That we will defeat the Coronaviruses is certain.
=It is certain that we will defeat the Coronaviruses
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
We make it clear that anyone who breaks the rule will be punished.
（It 作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句或宾语从句的连接词没有变化。）
that/whether
用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句
It is an honor/a pity that... 非常荣幸/很遗憾……
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is strange/natural/clear/necessary/certain/ture that…
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句
It seems/appears that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
It doesn't matter whether... ......没关系
(4) It is＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is said/reported/well known/believed that…
据说/据报道/众所周知人们都认为……
I hope (that) everything is all right.
I know (that) he has just graduated from college
and that he is looking for a job.
（注：that在引导宾语从句时，常可省略，但如果有两个以上的宾语从句时，从第二个从句开始that不能省略。）
The reason why he was late for school was that he missed the school bus.
The fact that you haven’t enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.
Word came that the king died.
that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别
that引导的 同位语从句 that引导的
定语从句
句法功能 that只起连接从句的作用，在句中不充当句子成分，不可省。 that替代先行词，在从句不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分，在从句中作动词的宾语时可省。
意义上 从句是被修饰名词的内容。 从句起限定作用，是定语。
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）
区分同位语从句和定语从句
2. whether/if (是否)有意义，不作成分，不可省
I wonder if/whether you can do me a favor.
Whether you can succeed is still a question.
The problem is whether we should continue to do the experiment
The question whether you can borrow me the money has not been answered.
只用whether 不用if的情况
1）作介词宾语时，连接词一般用whether。
It all depends on whether they will come back.
2）后面直接跟or not 时，用whether。
I didn't know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
3）主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
4）whether可引导一个让步状语从句，表示“不管，无论”，而if不能。
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.
5）whether可与动词不定式连用，但if不能。
I have not decided whether to go or not.
连接代词
连接词 词义 在句中所
作成分 连 接 代 词 who/ whom/ which/ whose/ what 原疑问代词的意义；what更常表示：the thing that / the …that 所……的东西/…… 主语、宾语、表语、定语
whoever/ whomever / which ever/ whatever 无论谁/ 无论哪个(些)/无论什么 主语、宾语、表语、定语
有词义，做成分
What he is （他是怎样的人/他现在的情况）has nothing to do with you.
She did not know what had happened.
The question who should do the work requires consideration .
Whose ticket this is has not been found out.
I haven't decided which car I want to buy.
Who breaks the vase should be punished. Whoever breaks the vase should be punished.
连接词 词义 在句中所作成分
连 接 副 词 when/ where/ why/ how 原疑问副词的意义或“……的时间(the time when)；……的地点(the place where)；……的原因(the reason why)”；……的方式(the way that) 状语
连接副词
有词义，做状语
Why he didn't turn up is not clear to everyone.
I don't care where you want to go.
The problem is how we can reduce pollution.
That is why he was late for school.
We haven’t settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
与动词：一坚持(insist)、二命令(order，command)、三要求(demand，require，request)、四建议(suggest，advise，propose，recommend)相关的名词性从句（宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）中，谓语部分常用(should)do形式。
Doctors suggest that we should do exercise regularly.
Doctors' suggestion is that we should do exercise regularly.
It is suggested that we should do exercise regularly.
The suggestion that we should do exercise regularly is beneficial to our health.
特别注意
虚拟语气
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句具体分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。从名词性从句在句中所起的作用来说，名词性从句是句子不可缺少的一部分，和句子的其他成分之间也不会用逗号隔开。而定语从句和状语从句是句子中的修饰成分，去掉之后不会影响复合句里主句结构的完整性。这是判断是否是名词性从句最主要的特征。
I wonder how much these shoes cost.
(宾语从句，不可省去)
He is the very（就是；正是） man I look after. (定语从句，修饰the man)
You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. (状语从句)
做题建议：
先判断出名词性从句，然后看从句，不缺成分不缺含义的情况下用that,其他情况根据含义“缺啥补啥”。
练习：
1.______ I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind.
2. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
3.It was ordered that all the soldiers _ ___ （send） to the front．
4.Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
5. _______ matters is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
What
that
(should) be sent
that
What
6.The reason ____ I have to go is_____ my mother is ill in bed．
A. why ; why B. why ; because
C. why ; that D. that ; because
7.Energy is ____ makes things work．
A．what B．everything C．something D．anything
8. These wild flowers are so special, I would do _______ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
C
A
A
9. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That's ________ I don't agree. You should have a more active life.
A．where B．how C．when D．what
10.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was ________ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A．what B．that C．why D．whether
A
B
Goodbye！