2023年高考英语复习——高三英语阅读理解专项练习（三）（4篇有答案）
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| 名称 | 2023年高考英语复习——高三英语阅读理解专项练习（三）（4篇有答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-10-05 12:11:10 | ||
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2023年高考英语复习——高三英语阅读理解专项练习（三）
A
Assigning children some chores once they reach a certain age has been an important part of responsible parenting for centuries. Easy tasks like taking out the garbage or cleaning their room are intended to teach children the basics of taking care of themselves and self-control. On the surface, it would seem that this age old practice has stood the test of time. However, a new study finds that childhood chores may not help kids develop self-control after all.
To come to this conclusion, researchers from the University of Houston analyzed data originally collected as part of a 10-year study on Mexican youths at various ages (10, 12, 14, 16 and 19). These children self-reported how much self-control they believed they had, and parents were also surveyed. Besides, the 10-year study also gathered data on various aspects of the children’s lives, including their day-to-day home life and any chores they were typically asked to do.
The research team analyzed all of this data. They were surprised by what they found. “We found no evidence of co-developmental associations between chores and self-control, with four out of four of our assumptions receiving no support. The result was dumbfounding given the strong theoretical basis for our predictions,” says study author Rodica Damian. However, that doesn’t mean parents should give up childhood chores altogether. “Maybe chores don’t matter for personality development, but they still predict future chore behavior,” Damian says. “It is a stable habit and having a tidy home is not something to ignore.”
Damian and her team also looked into another self-control matter unrelated to chores: whether self-control levels between the ages of 10-16 predicted better career outcomes in young adulthood. They found that children who had higher self-control at age 10 had less job stress and better job fit nine years later. Additionally, children whose self-control showed positive changes from age 10 to 16 had higher job satisfaction years later. “The results suggest that improving one’s level of self-control, regardless of where you start, will help you later in life,” Damian concludes.
8. What can we say about Damian’s finding
A. It would stand the test of time. B. It challenged a popular belief.
C. It changed her research goals. D. It confirmed her assumptions.
9. How did Damian’s team conduct their study
A. By analyzing data from a previous study.
B. By observing children for 10 years.
C. By accessing a university database.
D. By interviewing children in person.
10. What does the underlined word “dumbfounding” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Practical. B. Encouraging.
C. Astonishing. D. Unreliable.
11. What did Damian’s team find out according to the last paragraph
A. Self-control increased with age.
B. Success at work needed great self-control.
C. Doing chores would improve children’s self-control.
D. Self-control was positively related to job satisfaction.
B
When people hear the news that David Bennett, recipient of the world’s first pig heart transplant, died on March 9, they might believe that the transplant was at fault. But in fact his transplant surgery represents a great step forward in medical history toward xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) success.
His death came just two months after the operation Jan 7. He was ineligible (不合格的) for the heart transplant list and xenotransplantation was, his only option. The fact that he was able to get two more months of life with the surgery proves its success.
Xenotransplantation has been a hot topic in medical research for decades, as doctors and scientists look for ways to solve the transplant waiting list crisis. In the US alone over-100,000 patients are on the transplant list waiting for new organs. Many of them will die before getting their chance to receive a heart or lung or kidney. Therefore, medical science has looked to animal organs as a viable (可行的) alternative.
Doctors have experimented with xenotransplantation since the early 20th century but it has not been widely successful for two main reasons. First, it is incredibly difficult for even human-to-human transplants to be successful due to organ rejection. It is much harder with animal organs. Second, xenotransplantation has been highly restricted due to feat of virus transmissions from primates or pigs. In the late 1990s, some countries placed strict guidelines or outright bans on the use of animal tissue and organs for people.
Aside from Bennett’s gene-edited pig heart, late last year doctors New York University achieved some success in attaching pig kidneys to human blood vessels outside the body in patients on life support. Meanwhile, at the University of Alabama, doctors managed to actually implant (移植) gene-edited pig kidneys into a patient on life support.
Though these recent successes have been short-lived, they show that there may be a way to help more people with gene-edited organs from pigs.
8. What do we know about the surgery
A. It was one of the best choices for the patient.
B. It stands for the advances made in xenotransplantation.
C. It was the first successful xenotransplantation in history.
D. Without it, the patient would have lived two months longer.
9. Why do scientists experiment with xenotransplantation
A. To help patients recover from organ failure.
B. To find a practical alternative to human organs.
C. To make animal organs more useful to humans.
D. To ease the shortage of human organs for transplant.
10. What may be the main concern about xenotransplantation
A. The risk of spreading diseases.
B. The problem of public rejection.
C. The effects on other organs and tissues.
D. The damage to patients’ immune systems.
11. What’s the author’s attitude toward the prospect of using pig organs for transplants
A. Positive. B. Worried.
C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.
C
BEIJING- Wang Yaping, a taikonaut onboard China’s space station core module (舱), offered people on Earth a zero-gravity musical performance on Tuesday evening to celebrate the Lantern Festival. The space show was shared via a video released at an annual TV gala for the festival celebration. In the video, Wang was seen floating in the space module while playing a guzheng, or Chinese zither. She played a segment of the popular Chinese folk song. “Jasmine Flower”.
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. People usually hang colorful lanterns, play riddle games and express their wishes and hopes for the future.
The crew members, who traveled to the space station core module on the Shenzhou-13 mission, kept some festive traditions alive as they continued to rotate around the mander Zhai Zhigang wrote riddles on red paper scrolls with a brush pen. He displayed the calligraphy together with taikonaut Ye Guangfu and extended festival greetings to the audience. They also sent blessing to athletes at the ongoing Beijing Winter Olympics: “We hope that you all achieve success, gain friendship and harvest your best Olympic experience.”
The video of the space performance was received with much enthusiasm after it was shared on social media platforms. It drew nearly 2 million clicks in one hour after several national media outlets posted it on the Chinese micro-blogging site Sina Weibo. The Weibo account of Zhurong, China’s first rover on Mars, reposted the video, commenting, “The music was so beautiful, and it made me homesick, too.”
The Lantern Festival also marks the last day of the lunar New Year celebration. Though far from home, the festive sentiments in space are the same. The China Manned Space Agency released a video on social media platforms on Tuesday, showing that the taikonauts had decorated the orbiting core module with red lanterns, Chinese knots and paper- cutting decorations. Wearing new clothes, the trio (三人小组) enjoyed the traditions of eating dumplings and posting spring couplets on walls During the Chinese New Year holiday, they were also spotted watching the Winter Olympics and doing workouts in orbit.
28. How did the mass enjoy the musical performance according to the text
A. By watching a video posted online by Wang Yaping herself.
B. By watching a video coming from a TV gala.
C. By watching the Lantern Festival gala at the scene.
D. By logging on the Internet through computers.
29. What does the underlined word “rotate” mean according to the context
A. Access. B. Substitute. C. Circle. D. Launch.
30. What can we learn from the text
A. The video of the space performance became a great hit.
B. Zhai Zhigang showed the calligraphy on his own.
C. The Beijing Winter Olympics had come to an end when the astronauts sent their regards.
D. Wang Yaping shared puzzles on red paper scrolls.
31. Which is the best title of the passage
A. Chinese folk song “Jasmine Flower” is played on space station
B. Taikonauts send blessings to the, Beijing Winter Olympics athletes
C. Taikonauts keep Lantern Festival traditions alive on space station
D. China makes major breakthroughs in the outer space exploration
D
African grey parrots can live more than 50 years, memorize dozens of words in English and ,if given the chance, outperform（胜过）a group of Harvard students in a classic Shell Game.
Griffin, a grey parrot, is the subject of a recent study published May 6 in the journal Scientific Reports. Researchers challenged Griffin to a working memory task where he had to locate a colorful ball hidden under a plastic cup after it was shuffled（改变位置）around a table several times. Meanwhile, 21 Harvard students were given the same task—and Griffin matched or outperformed them in 12 of 14 trials.
“Think about it: Grey parrot outperforms Harvard undergrads. That’s really awesome,” lead study author HragPailian, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard, told The Harvard Gazette. “We had students concentrating in engineering, pre-meds, and he just outperformed them.”
To be fair, Griffin is no average parrot. According to the study authors, the 22-year-old bird “has been the subject of cognitive and communicative studies since his acquisition from a breeder（饲养员）at 7.5 weeks of age.”
Griffin’s bird-mom, Irene Pepperberg—a Harvard psychologist and co-author of the new paper—previously taught the parrot to reproduce some 30 English words and to comprehend at least 40, including the names of colors. As such, Griffin didn’t need any special coaching to learn the Shell Game—Pepperberg merely demonstrated a few sample rounds for him, just as she did for Griffin’s human competitors.
The participants completed 120 rounds of the game spread across 14 trials, which got progressively harder. By the end of the day, the participants had to keep track of four different-colored details under four cups, which were shuffled four times. Griffin was able to find the target ball with higher accuracy than the children in all 14 trials.
The parrot’s performance suggests that its memorizing ability may have evolved（进化）from a common ancestor millions of years ago.
8. What is the purpose of the research
A. To set the task to the Harvard students. B. To test the memorizing ability of Griffin.
C. To locate a colourful ball hidden under the cup. D. To shuffle the cups around a table several times.
9. How did HragPailian feel about the outcome of the Shell Game
A. Puzzled. B. Satisfied. C. Impressed. D. Disappointed.
10. Why could Griffin outperform the students
A. It was acquired from a breeder. B. It had received relevant training.
C. It had grasped 30 English words. D. It was showed more sample rounds.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A African grey parrots evolve fast B. African grey parrots live longer
C. A parrot fights for good memory D. A parrot beats Harvard students
答案：
A 篇：BACD
B 篇：BDAA
C篇：BCAC
D篇：BCBD
A
Assigning children some chores once they reach a certain age has been an important part of responsible parenting for centuries. Easy tasks like taking out the garbage or cleaning their room are intended to teach children the basics of taking care of themselves and self-control. On the surface, it would seem that this age old practice has stood the test of time. However, a new study finds that childhood chores may not help kids develop self-control after all.
To come to this conclusion, researchers from the University of Houston analyzed data originally collected as part of a 10-year study on Mexican youths at various ages (10, 12, 14, 16 and 19). These children self-reported how much self-control they believed they had, and parents were also surveyed. Besides, the 10-year study also gathered data on various aspects of the children’s lives, including their day-to-day home life and any chores they were typically asked to do.
The research team analyzed all of this data. They were surprised by what they found. “We found no evidence of co-developmental associations between chores and self-control, with four out of four of our assumptions receiving no support. The result was dumbfounding given the strong theoretical basis for our predictions,” says study author Rodica Damian. However, that doesn’t mean parents should give up childhood chores altogether. “Maybe chores don’t matter for personality development, but they still predict future chore behavior,” Damian says. “It is a stable habit and having a tidy home is not something to ignore.”
Damian and her team also looked into another self-control matter unrelated to chores: whether self-control levels between the ages of 10-16 predicted better career outcomes in young adulthood. They found that children who had higher self-control at age 10 had less job stress and better job fit nine years later. Additionally, children whose self-control showed positive changes from age 10 to 16 had higher job satisfaction years later. “The results suggest that improving one’s level of self-control, regardless of where you start, will help you later in life,” Damian concludes.
8. What can we say about Damian’s finding
A. It would stand the test of time. B. It challenged a popular belief.
C. It changed her research goals. D. It confirmed her assumptions.
9. How did Damian’s team conduct their study
A. By analyzing data from a previous study.
B. By observing children for 10 years.
C. By accessing a university database.
D. By interviewing children in person.
10. What does the underlined word “dumbfounding” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Practical. B. Encouraging.
C. Astonishing. D. Unreliable.
11. What did Damian’s team find out according to the last paragraph
A. Self-control increased with age.
B. Success at work needed great self-control.
C. Doing chores would improve children’s self-control.
D. Self-control was positively related to job satisfaction.
B
When people hear the news that David Bennett, recipient of the world’s first pig heart transplant, died on March 9, they might believe that the transplant was at fault. But in fact his transplant surgery represents a great step forward in medical history toward xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) success.
His death came just two months after the operation Jan 7. He was ineligible (不合格的) for the heart transplant list and xenotransplantation was, his only option. The fact that he was able to get two more months of life with the surgery proves its success.
Xenotransplantation has been a hot topic in medical research for decades, as doctors and scientists look for ways to solve the transplant waiting list crisis. In the US alone over-100,000 patients are on the transplant list waiting for new organs. Many of them will die before getting their chance to receive a heart or lung or kidney. Therefore, medical science has looked to animal organs as a viable (可行的) alternative.
Doctors have experimented with xenotransplantation since the early 20th century but it has not been widely successful for two main reasons. First, it is incredibly difficult for even human-to-human transplants to be successful due to organ rejection. It is much harder with animal organs. Second, xenotransplantation has been highly restricted due to feat of virus transmissions from primates or pigs. In the late 1990s, some countries placed strict guidelines or outright bans on the use of animal tissue and organs for people.
Aside from Bennett’s gene-edited pig heart, late last year doctors New York University achieved some success in attaching pig kidneys to human blood vessels outside the body in patients on life support. Meanwhile, at the University of Alabama, doctors managed to actually implant (移植) gene-edited pig kidneys into a patient on life support.
Though these recent successes have been short-lived, they show that there may be a way to help more people with gene-edited organs from pigs.
8. What do we know about the surgery
A. It was one of the best choices for the patient.
B. It stands for the advances made in xenotransplantation.
C. It was the first successful xenotransplantation in history.
D. Without it, the patient would have lived two months longer.
9. Why do scientists experiment with xenotransplantation
A. To help patients recover from organ failure.
B. To find a practical alternative to human organs.
C. To make animal organs more useful to humans.
D. To ease the shortage of human organs for transplant.
10. What may be the main concern about xenotransplantation
A. The risk of spreading diseases.
B. The problem of public rejection.
C. The effects on other organs and tissues.
D. The damage to patients’ immune systems.
11. What’s the author’s attitude toward the prospect of using pig organs for transplants
A. Positive. B. Worried.
C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.
C
BEIJING- Wang Yaping, a taikonaut onboard China’s space station core module (舱), offered people on Earth a zero-gravity musical performance on Tuesday evening to celebrate the Lantern Festival. The space show was shared via a video released at an annual TV gala for the festival celebration. In the video, Wang was seen floating in the space module while playing a guzheng, or Chinese zither. She played a segment of the popular Chinese folk song. “Jasmine Flower”.
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. People usually hang colorful lanterns, play riddle games and express their wishes and hopes for the future.
The crew members, who traveled to the space station core module on the Shenzhou-13 mission, kept some festive traditions alive as they continued to rotate around the mander Zhai Zhigang wrote riddles on red paper scrolls with a brush pen. He displayed the calligraphy together with taikonaut Ye Guangfu and extended festival greetings to the audience. They also sent blessing to athletes at the ongoing Beijing Winter Olympics: “We hope that you all achieve success, gain friendship and harvest your best Olympic experience.”
The video of the space performance was received with much enthusiasm after it was shared on social media platforms. It drew nearly 2 million clicks in one hour after several national media outlets posted it on the Chinese micro-blogging site Sina Weibo. The Weibo account of Zhurong, China’s first rover on Mars, reposted the video, commenting, “The music was so beautiful, and it made me homesick, too.”
The Lantern Festival also marks the last day of the lunar New Year celebration. Though far from home, the festive sentiments in space are the same. The China Manned Space Agency released a video on social media platforms on Tuesday, showing that the taikonauts had decorated the orbiting core module with red lanterns, Chinese knots and paper- cutting decorations. Wearing new clothes, the trio (三人小组) enjoyed the traditions of eating dumplings and posting spring couplets on walls During the Chinese New Year holiday, they were also spotted watching the Winter Olympics and doing workouts in orbit.
28. How did the mass enjoy the musical performance according to the text
A. By watching a video posted online by Wang Yaping herself.
B. By watching a video coming from a TV gala.
C. By watching the Lantern Festival gala at the scene.
D. By logging on the Internet through computers.
29. What does the underlined word “rotate” mean according to the context
A. Access. B. Substitute. C. Circle. D. Launch.
30. What can we learn from the text
A. The video of the space performance became a great hit.
B. Zhai Zhigang showed the calligraphy on his own.
C. The Beijing Winter Olympics had come to an end when the astronauts sent their regards.
D. Wang Yaping shared puzzles on red paper scrolls.
31. Which is the best title of the passage
A. Chinese folk song “Jasmine Flower” is played on space station
B. Taikonauts send blessings to the, Beijing Winter Olympics athletes
C. Taikonauts keep Lantern Festival traditions alive on space station
D. China makes major breakthroughs in the outer space exploration
D
African grey parrots can live more than 50 years, memorize dozens of words in English and ,if given the chance, outperform（胜过）a group of Harvard students in a classic Shell Game.
Griffin, a grey parrot, is the subject of a recent study published May 6 in the journal Scientific Reports. Researchers challenged Griffin to a working memory task where he had to locate a colorful ball hidden under a plastic cup after it was shuffled（改变位置）around a table several times. Meanwhile, 21 Harvard students were given the same task—and Griffin matched or outperformed them in 12 of 14 trials.
“Think about it: Grey parrot outperforms Harvard undergrads. That’s really awesome,” lead study author HragPailian, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard, told The Harvard Gazette. “We had students concentrating in engineering, pre-meds, and he just outperformed them.”
To be fair, Griffin is no average parrot. According to the study authors, the 22-year-old bird “has been the subject of cognitive and communicative studies since his acquisition from a breeder（饲养员）at 7.5 weeks of age.”
Griffin’s bird-mom, Irene Pepperberg—a Harvard psychologist and co-author of the new paper—previously taught the parrot to reproduce some 30 English words and to comprehend at least 40, including the names of colors. As such, Griffin didn’t need any special coaching to learn the Shell Game—Pepperberg merely demonstrated a few sample rounds for him, just as she did for Griffin’s human competitors.
The participants completed 120 rounds of the game spread across 14 trials, which got progressively harder. By the end of the day, the participants had to keep track of four different-colored details under four cups, which were shuffled four times. Griffin was able to find the target ball with higher accuracy than the children in all 14 trials.
The parrot’s performance suggests that its memorizing ability may have evolved（进化）from a common ancestor millions of years ago.
8. What is the purpose of the research
A. To set the task to the Harvard students. B. To test the memorizing ability of Griffin.
C. To locate a colourful ball hidden under the cup. D. To shuffle the cups around a table several times.
9. How did HragPailian feel about the outcome of the Shell Game
A. Puzzled. B. Satisfied. C. Impressed. D. Disappointed.
10. Why could Griffin outperform the students
A. It was acquired from a breeder. B. It had received relevant training.
C. It had grasped 30 English words. D. It was showed more sample rounds.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A African grey parrots evolve fast B. African grey parrots live longer
C. A parrot fights for good memory D. A parrot beats Harvard students
答案：
A 篇：BACD
B 篇：BDAA
C篇：BCAC
D篇：BCBD