人教版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 5 Languages Around the World 词汇学习课件59张

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UNIT 5 Languages around the world
词汇学习
2019版新人教高一英语必修1
一、拓展单词
1._______ vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于→___________n. 参考；指称关系
refer
reference
2.________adj. 以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的→_______ vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
based
base
3._________ n. （植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化→_________ adj.各种不同的；各种各样的→_______ v.（使）不同；变化；改变
variety
various
vary
4.________ adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著→__________ adj.古典的；经典的；传统的
classic
classical
5.__________ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→______________ n.特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的
character
characteristic
6.________ adj. 全球的；全世界的 →________n. 地球；地球仪
global
globe
7.___________ vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→_____________n.欣赏；感谢；增值
appreciate
appreciation
8.____________ n. 描写（文字）；形容→__________vt.描述;形容
description
describe
9.________ vt. 联系；讲述 →_________ adj.相关的；有联系的
relate
related
二、短语记诵
1._______ to指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer
2.______ back （to）追溯到
date
3.__________ 与……相关；涉及；谈到
relate to
4.ups and downs___________________
浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
5.no matter where, who, what, etc.______________________
不论……； 不管……
6.point of view_____________
观点；看法
词汇1 native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的 n.本地人；本国人
（P60）How many billion people speak the UN’s official languages as their native or second language？有多少亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？
知识拓展
be native to 原产于……
one’s native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
be a native of... 出生于……的人；原产于……的动物或植物
经典佳句
“I feel honored to participate in the Games in my own country,” said the 30-year-old Beijing native whose team won gold at the 2018 Winter Paralympic Games in Pyeongchang.“能在我自己的国家参加奥运会，我感到很荣幸，”这位30岁的北京本地人说到，他的团队在2018平昌冬季残奥会上获得金牌。
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1） Is her uncle a native _____ Shanghai, or just a visitor
of
（2） The researcher says the tiger is native _____ India.
to
Ⅱ.完成句子
（3） During their visit to that country，they _________________________________．在他们访问那个国家期间，他们与当地人愉快地交流。
communicated with natives happily
词汇2 attitude n.态度；看法
（P60）What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning 说话人对外语学习的态度是什么？
知识拓展
attitude to/towards ... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a（n） ... attitude to/towards...对……持/采取……的态度
positive/negative attitude 积极/消极态度
经典佳句
As for students like us, we should have a good attitude towards failure.对于像我们这样的学生来说，我们应该积极地面对失败。
完成句子
（1） ___________________________________________ that made your parents angry.正是你对工作不好的态度使你父母生气。
It was your bad attitude towards/to your work
（2） Try to _________________________________ everything and stop complaining.尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。
have a positive attitude to/towards
词汇3 refer to 指的是；描述；提到；涉及；查阅
（P60）Pronouns refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.代词指的是先前提到的某事物或某人。
知识拓展
refer to... as... 把……当作……;称……为……
refer... to... 把……提交给……（以求获得帮助）
经典佳句
The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.这位科学家将这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新进展。
点拨
（1）refer的过去式、过去分词和现在分词都要先双写“r”，再加“-ed”或“-ing”。类似的词还有prefer。
（2）refer to表示“查阅”时，后接词典、参考书等；look up表示“查阅”时，后接要查阅的具体内容。
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1） When I said some people were stupid, I wasn’t __________ （refer） to you.
referring
（2） Don’t refer _____ this matter again, please.
to
Ⅱ.完成句子
（3） Although she didn’t mention any names, everyone knew whom she was _____________（指的是）.
referring to
（4） He gave the speech ____________________（没有参阅） his notes.
without referring to
词汇4 despite prep.即使；尽管
（P62）China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history.中国以其古老的文明而闻名。尽管在历史上有许多起伏，中国古老的文明还是延续到了现代。
知识拓展
in spite of＝despite（＋名词/代词/动词-ing形式） 尽管；不管
despite/in spite of the fact that... 尽管……
经典佳句
Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training for his staff.尽管酒店服务很差，经理还是不愿意在充分培训员工方面花钱。
易混辨析
regardless of、 despite和in spite of的用法辨析：
以上三者都可以表示“不管；不顾；尽管”之意，但是固定搭配和用法不同。
（1）despite“虽然；尽管；不顾”，语气较弱，多用于诗歌或正式的文体中。
Despite the fact that the doctor told him to rest, Jack went to Spain. 尽管医生嘱咐杰克休息，他还是去了西班牙。
（2）in spite of“虽然；尽管；不顾”，语气较重。
In spite of all his efforts, he failed in his English exam. 尽管他付出了努力，他的英语考试还是不及格。
（3）regardless of“不管；不顾；不理会”，是一般用语。
The training class welcomes all students regardless of their ages. 培训班欢迎各个年龄段的学生参加。
完成句子
（1） The boy went out ___________________________________.那个男孩无视他父亲的命令，径自出去了。
in spite of/despite his father’s orders
（2） Kelly loved her son ______________________________ he is slow in his study.凯莉爱她的儿子，尽管他学习不是很好。
in spite of/despite the fact that
（3） ___________________________________，he is learning to drive.尽管他年纪大了，他还是在学开车。
Despite/In spite of his advanced age
词汇5 base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据
（P62）At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language.起初，汉字是一种基于图形的语言。
知识拓展
be based on 以……为基础/依据
base...on... 以……为基础
basic adj. 最重要的；基本的；最简单的；初级的
basic knowledge 基础知识；基本知识
basis n. 原因;缘由;基准;准则
on the basis of 以……为基础；根据……
经典佳句
These days, I , together with my classmates, have adapted a short play based on the English text.这些天，我和我的同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1） With our knowledge ________（base） on practice, we can make contributions to our society.
based
（2） —Why did you promote him to a position of leadership
—______ the basis of his qualifications and ideas.
On
Ⅱ.一句多译
这部电影以一个真实故事为基础，非常受欢迎。
（3） The film ________________________,and it is very popular.
is based on a true story
（4） ______________________, the film is very popular.
Based on a true story
词汇6 date back （to...）追溯（到……）
（P62）It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu...它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期……
知识拓展
date back to...＝date from... 追溯到……
out of date 过时的；陈旧的
点拨
date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。在句中作定语时，常用现在分词形式。
图解释义
The evolution of human being dates back to a long time ago. 人类的进化史很久之前就开始了。
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1） I’d like to buy a new coat, because this one is ______ of date．
out
（2） A palace ________ （date） back to the 16th century is under repair.
dating
Ⅱ.一句多译
专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。
（3） According to the expert,the temple has a history _________________________________________.（现在分词短语作后置定语）
dating from/back to the early Tang Dynasty
（4） According to the expert,the temple has a history ______________________________________________.（定语从句）
which dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty
词汇7 variety n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；（同一事物的）不同种类；多样化；多变（性）
（P62）Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. 多年来，由于曾经一段时间人们居住在不同的地理区域，书写系统演变成不同的形式，多样的方言和文字也随之产生。
知识拓展
a （wide / large）variety of=varieties of=various 不同种类的；各种各样的
vary v. 改变；变化
vary from...to... 从……到……变化
vary with 随着……变化
vary in （在体积、重量等方面）呈现不同
various adj. 不同的;各种各样的
经典佳句
Finland’s vast woodlands offer shelter and food for a variety of wild life.芬兰广袤的森林为众多野生生物提供居所和食物。
点拨
a variety of （＝varieties of）既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，该短语修饰可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1） There are other __________（variety） of sunflowers which can be grown exactly in the same way.
varieties
（2） Changes in price normally vary _______ changes of supply and demand.
with
（3） There is no doubt that this sort of thing ________（vary） from person to person.
varies
Ⅱ.词汇升级
（4） In my free time，I’d like to take exercise，such as swimming，running and all kinds of ball games.
→In my free time，I’d like to take exercise，such as swimming，running and ______________________________ ball games.
various/a variety of/varieties of
词汇8 major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究
（P62）Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.秦始皇统一七国，中国的书写体系由此开始朝同一个方向发展。
知识拓展
a major problem 一个重大问题
major in 主修……；以……为专业
majority n. 大多数；大半
a/the majority of 大多数……
in the majority 占多数
图解释义
major in French
主修法语
two girls of English major
两个英语专业的女孩
点拨
the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词是指个体，则谓语动词用复数。
单句填空
（1） I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major _____ the gardening after attending college.
in
（2） The majority of the land ___________________ （destroy） so far.
has been destroyed
（3） A lot more progress should be made in helping the vast __________ （major） of women to juggle（尽量兼顾） their home and work lives.
majority
词汇9 “be of＋抽象名词”结构
（P62）That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.该书写体系对于统一中国人民和中国文化具有非凡的意义。
知识拓展
句中的was of great importance 相当于was very important，意为“很重要”。
（1）be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该名词的同根形容词
（2）“be of a/the same＋抽象名词”用于说明主语的特征（这类抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式），如：be of the same size/weight/height/age/color/kind/type。
I hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you. Perhaps we can meet in Chongqing.我希望以上这些建议能对你有所帮助。也许我们可以在重庆见面。
同义句改写
（1） A harmonious family is of benefit to a child’s personal development.
→A harmonious family ________________ a child’s personal development.
is beneficial to
（2） His opinion is considered to be very valuable.
→His opinion is considered to __________________．
be of great value
词汇10 no matter+疑问词
（P62）Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写（文字）进行交流。
知识拓展
（1）no matter where/who/what... “不论……;不管……”,引导让步状语从句。
No matter where I am,I will always remember I am a Chinese. 不管我身在何方,我都会记住自己是个中国人。
（2）“no matter＋疑问词”结构与“疑问词＋-ever” 在用法上的异同:
·“no matter＋疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句,这时可以和“疑问词＋-ever”互换。
·“疑问词＋-ever”可引导让步状语从句,也可引导名词性从句。
·whenever、wherever、however等只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句。
同义句改写
（1） No matter what problem you have,turn to me.
→___________________________, turn to me.
Whatever problem you have
（2） However long it takes,we’ll have to finish the job.
→____________________________, we’ll have to finish the job.
No matter how long it takes
（3） Anyone who wants the book may have it.
→________________ the book may have it.
Whoever wants
词汇11 means n.方式；方法；途径
（P62）Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的重要途径。
知识拓展
by this means 通过这种方法
by means of... 用……办法；借助……手段
by no means 决不；一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）
a means of communication 一种通讯/交流工具
经典佳句
There is no doubt that WeChat is an important means of communication.毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。
点拨
（1）means作主语且有every、each等表示单数意义的词对其进行修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
（2）means作主语且有all、several、many等表示复数意义的词对其进行修饰时,谓语动词用复数。
Ⅰ.完成句子
（1） He has greatly improved his spoken English _______________.他用这种方式极大地提高了自己的英语口语水平。
by this means
（2） ______________ the advertisement, he found two highly skilled foreign talents.通过广告，他找到了两位技术高超的外国人才。
By means of
（3） She is ______________ an inexperienced teacher.她绝不是个毫无经验的教师。
by no means
Ⅱ.句式升级
（4） The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.
→_______________________________________________________（倒装句）
By no means is the problem as simple as we first thought.
词汇12 regard n.尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
（P62）The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.中国人对中国书写体系的高度重视体现在汉字的发展中，汉字作为一种艺术形式，被称为中国书法，已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。
知识拓展
regard / consider...as... 认为……是……
have a high regard for... 钦佩……;对……非常重视/十分尊重
with/ in regard to sth 关于某事
give one’s regards to 代某人向……问候
经典佳句
Su Bingtian is regarded as one of the greatest famous Chinese athletes.苏炳添被认为是中国最伟大的著名运动员之一。
单句填空
（1） I have nothing to say with regard _____ your complaints.
to
（2） He knew nothing ___________ （regard） the case.
regarding
（3） The novel is regarded _____ one of the classic works.
as
词汇13 appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会
（P62） As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。
知识拓展
appreciate＋名词/代词/动词-ing形式 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if... 假如……我将不胜感激
appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
经典佳句
Many people can’t fully appreciate the importance of regular exercise.许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。
点拨
appreciate作“感激；感谢”讲时，其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语，且其后不直接跟if或when等引导的从句，需先接it，再接从句。
单句填空
（1） Here I sincerely express my_____________（appreciate） if you could help find the lost suitcase.
appreciation
（2） I would appreciate ____ if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
it
（3） I appreciate_____________（give） the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
being given
（4） I’d appreciate your_________（write） me back as soon as possible.
writing
词汇14 struggle n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
（P64）When I started studying German, it was a struggle.当我开始学习德语时，这可是一件难事。
知识拓展
struggle for... 努力争取……；为……而斗争
struggle against/with... 与……做斗争
struggle to do sth 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
单句填空
（1） Workers are struggling _____ a clean canteen and healthy food.
for
（2） She is struggling __________ （bring） up a family on a very low income.
to bring
经典佳句
From now on, you should prepare yourself for your future, struggle for your dream and you will get the offer from Beijing Foreign Studies University.从现在起，你应该为你的未来做准备，为你的梦想而奋斗，那么你就会获得北京外国语大学的录取通知书。
词汇15 the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...
（P64）It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言了解得越多，我的大脑发育得就越快。
知识拓展
“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”意为“越……，越……”。
“the＋比较级..., the＋比较级...”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级”相当于一个表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，用一般现在时表示将来。
The more you know about our traditional culture, the more you are interested in it.你对我们的传统文化了解越多，你就对它越感兴趣。
The higher the temperature is, the faster water turns into steam.温度越高，水转化为蒸汽的速度越快。
完成句子
（1） The more you practise, ________________________________.你练习得越多，英语说得就越好。
the better you will speak English
（2） __________________________________, the less likely he is to answer them.问题越难，他回答的可能性就越小。
The more difficult the questions are
词汇16 point of view观点；看法
（P64）I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view.我终于达到了一个可以用外语思考的境地，并且我可以从一个不同的角度看世界。
知识拓展
依某人看来
have/get a good view of 好好欣赏/观看
come into view 进入视野
一句多译
依我看来，你应该向老师求助。
（1） ____________________, you should turn to your teacher for help.
In my opinion/view
（2） ________________________, you should turn to your teacher for help.
As far as I’m concerned
（3） ________________________, you should turn to your teacher for help.
From my point of view
图解释义
The two judges have different points of view on his performance.两位评委对他的表演有着不同的观点。
词汇17 have trouble with...在……方面有麻烦；做……有困难
（P66）I used to get high marks in English, but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.我以前英语成绩很好，但是现在我的听力有很多困难。
知识拓展
have trouble/difficulty with sth 做某事有困难
have trouble/difficulty （in） doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
经典佳句
We have trouble with the water system, such as water pipes cracking or breaking down.我们的供水系统有点问题，比如水管开裂或者损坏。
单句填空
（1） I am not good at English, and I have a lot of trouble _______ my grammar.
with
（2） If you have some trouble _________ （get） along with your friends，you can write to them.
getting
（3） He knows little about Russian，so he has some difficulty ________________
（communicate） with the natives.
communicating
词汇18 equal n.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的
（P66）... our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.……我们的关系很亲密，并且我们是平等的，因此我只需说几个字，就能消除我们之间的隔阂。
知识拓展
be equal to 等于;相当于
be equal to sth/doing sth 胜任（做）某事
without equal 无与伦比；无敌
equally adv. 同样地；平等地
图解释义
The weight of the apple is equal to that of the pear.这个苹果和这个梨一样重。
单句填空
（1） I don’t think Tom is equal to ________ （do） this kind of work.
doing
（2） As far as I’m concerned, men and women must be treated _________ （equal） in education.
equally
（3） The government should regard nationalities as ________ （equal）.
equals
词汇19 demand n.要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要
（P66）But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me,I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question,not a demand... 但是,如果我和一个不是很亲近的人交谈,我必须把我的请求说得长一些——我必须确保这是请求,而不是一个要求……
知识拓展
in demand 非常需要;急需
meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需要
demand （of sb） to do sth 要求（某人）做某事
demand that... （should） do sth 要求……做某事（从句用虚拟语气）
经典佳句
Science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China.在中国，对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的更大。
点拨
除demand之外,后接宾语从句时常用虚拟语气的动词还有advise、suggest、desire、command、urge、order、require、prefer等。
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1） They were popular and _____ high demand, so the price shot up.
in
（2） This silence troubled the writer. He demanded that his friend ________________ （say） something about the play.
（should） say
（3） He demanded of the hospital _________ （send） a better doctor to treat him.
to send
Ⅱ.同义句改写
（4） He demanded to be told everything at any time.
→He demanded that he ___________________ everything at any time.
（should） be told
词汇20 relate to与……相关；涉及；谈到
（P67）Does each sentence relate to the main idea 每个句子都与主旨有关吗？
知识拓展
relate vt. 使有联系;联系;讲述;叙述
relate sth to sb 向某人讲述某事
be related to... 与……有关
relation n. 关系;联系
in relation to 关于
经典佳句
A great number of people’s favourite summer activities seem to relate to water. 许多人最喜欢的夏日活动似乎都与水有关。
单句填空
（1） There were officials _____ whom he could relate the whole story.
to
（2） We seek to improve __________ （relate） between our two countries.
relations
（3） I think that’s why so many people relate _____ her.
to
Ⅰ.单句填空
1._________ （billion） of people speak Chinese nowadays.
Billions
2.The symbols which _____________ （carve） on the shell by my father look alive.
were carved
3.They play a leading role in reducing ________ （globe） warming.
global
4.I would appreciate ____ if you could give me a hand.
it
5.This is an old building ________ （date） back to the 14th century.
dating
6.Beijing is filled with people from __________ （variety） of parts of China.
varieties
7.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ___________ （refer）．
reference
8.Calligraphy is not only a beautiful art form but also a ________ （means） of showing the “man behind the brush”．
means
9.Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________ （regard） as one of the best forms of exercise.
is regarded
10.You’d better learn some _______ （base） Chinese before you come to our school.Only in this way can you get used to the life here soon.
basic
Ⅱ.选词填空
date back to； out of character； ups and downs； major in； be based on
1.The happiness of a family _____________ faith.
is based on
2.My family has a vase, which is said to ______________ the Ming Dynasty.
date back to
3.The actor’s American accent was _________________ with his role as Hamlet.
out of character
4.Every job has its ________________， and aspects we love and aspects we don’t love.
ups and downs
5.For that matter, history and music professors can expect to earn a lot less than their students who __________ business.
major in
THANKS