人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement单元综合能力小测（含答案）
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Unit 1单元综合能力小测
【完形填空】
My name is Miranda Gibson.I have been at the top of a tree for five months now.Some people might wonder 1 on earth I would choose to do that.
I have walked through this forest many times.On 12 December 2011, 2 rolled into the forest and the destruction(摧毁) began.I couldn’t 3 the thought that these forests would be 4 forever.So,on 14 December 2011,I packed up my life, 5 of my job plans,and climbed 60 metres to the top of this tree.I have been here ever since.
Life in the tree tops can be 6 at times.I have times when I feel frustrated(沮丧) and wish I could 7 ,to anywhere,just have a 8 of scenery for a minute!There are times too,when I feel terribly 9 .I miss my friends and family. 10 these times,I find myself loving the 11 .
Living in the tree has been inspiring.I am willing to 12 up here for as long as it takes, 13 I honestly hope it won’t be too 14 before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never be 15 .
1.A.why B.when
C.how D.where
2.A.water B.animals
C.machinery D.tourists
3.A.bear B.help
C.keep D.spare
4.A.sold B.stolen
C.protected D.lost
5.A.grew out B.fell short
C.ran out D.let go
6.A.refreshing B.risky
C.challenging D.rewarding
7.A.get up B.get away
C.give in D.give up
8.A.change B.look
C.search D.touch
9.A.confused B.nervous
C.sorry D.lonely
10.A.Beyond B.Without
C.Despite D.Unlike
11.A.height B.experience
C.background D.position
12.A.return B.stop
C.stay D.hide
13.A.but B.though
C.because D.so
14.A.soon B.long
C.near D.bad
15.A.moved B.logged
C.burned D.missed
【阅读理解】
A
Would you BET on the future of this man He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning,and he has often been in prison.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives,he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.That former prisoner was Cervantes,and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》).And the story poses an interesting question:Why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days,while others go to seed long before
We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark.I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We can’t all get there.I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us,in fact,progressively narrow the variety of our lives.We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it.Nothing surprises us.We lose our sense of wonder.But,if we are willing to learn,the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we can’t change.We learn to avoid self-pity.We learn that however much we try to please,some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm,we can keep on learning.Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life.However,we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我),whether to loved ones,to fellow humans,to work,or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing.But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck,or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are.They’ve learned life’s most valuable lesson.
1.The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that .
A.loss of freedom stimulates one’s creativity
B.age is not a barrier to achieving one’s goal
C.misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D.disability cannot stop a man’s pursuit of success
2.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.End one’s struggle for liberty.
B.Waste one’s energy taking risks.
C.Miss the opportunity to succeed.
D.Lose the interest in continue learning.
3.What could be inferred from Paragraph 4
A.Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.
B.Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
C.Opportunities favour those with a curious mind.
D.Opportunities await those with a cautious mind.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A.To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B.To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C.To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D.To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.
B
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child,but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago,found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income,education and the amount of parent talk,Levine said.
The researchers analysed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转) and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently,and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.However,boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
1.In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play
A.Building confidence.
B.Developing spatial skills.
C.Learning self-control.
D.Gaining high-tech knowledge.
2.What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment
A.Parents’ age.
B.Children’s imagination.
C.Parents’ education.
D.Child-parent relationship.
3.How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play
A.They play with puzzles more often.
B.They tend to talk less during the game.
C.They prefer to use more spatial language.
D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.A mathematical method.
B.A scientific study.
C.A woman psychologist.
D.A teaching program.
C
Female Scientists Who Have Changed the World
There are still hundreds of relatively-unknown women who have changed the world with their research throughout history.
Tiera Guinn
When she was in college,Tiera Guinn already did rocket science.The MIT(麻省理工学院) senior was helping build a rocket for the United States that could be one of the biggest and most powerful ever made.She was an aerospace major with high credit points who also worked as a Rocket Structural Design and Analysis Engineer for the Space Launch System that aerospace company Boeing was building for the US.
Elizabeth Blackwell
Elizabeth Blackwell,who was born in Bristol,England in 1821,was the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States,became an activist for poor American women’s health,and went on to found a medical school for women in England.
Jane Goodall
The most famous primate (灵长类)scientist in history,Jane Goodall was known for her work with chimps and as a champion of animal rights.And Goodall wasn’t just working in a lab;she climbed trees and imitated the behaviour of chimps in Tanzania to gain their trust and study them in their natural habitat.
Rachel Carson
In the 1960s,one environmental scientist’s voice rose above the rest to become central to American politics,culture,and foreign policy:Rachel Carson’s.Her article,“Silent Spring”,warned of the dangers of pesticides(农药) and chemicals to humans,plants,and animals,and was a landmark in the nation’s environmental history.
1.What is Tiera Guinn’s greatest achievement
A.She entered the best university of the world.
B.She has been learning the newest rocket science.
C.She has helped build a big and powerful rocket.
D.She is a top student employed by a famous company.
2.What is Elizabeth Blackwell famous for in history
A.She was the first woman with the advanced education.
B.She was a pioneer of the women’s health in the US and the UK.
C.She founded the first women’s school in the United Kingdom.
D.She was the first woman to be accepted as an American citizen.
3.Who made a great contribution to the animal-protection movement
A.Tiera Guinn. B.Jane Goodall.
C.Rachel Carson. D.Elizabeth Blackwell.
D
Born in Cyrene (which is now Shahhat,Libya),Eratosthenes (276 BCE—195 BCE) spent his time studying a wide variety of subjects under a lot of teachers,including the Greek poet Callimachus.After leaving Callimachus,he spent the next several years studying in Athens,where he furthered his knowledge of the world around him.
Eratosthenes was known as having a great deal of knowledge in a great number of different fields of study,but not doing the best in any one of them.He did work in astronomy,mathematics,geography,history,and poetry,and also worked as a theatre critic in his spare time.He became known by the name “Beta” (the second letter of the Greek alphabet) because it was told that he was “second best in the world at everything”.Eratosthenes would go on to become director of the Great Library for over four decades,from 245 BCE to just before the beginning of the second century BCE.
Eratosthenes is most famous for a measurement that he made,for he was the first to measure the size of the earth through direct means.He performed a simple experiment and used basic mathematics to find the size of our home planet.The circumference (圆周) of the earth,he determined,was about 39,250 km (24,390 miles)—the real distance is 40,075 km (24,901 miles)!And let’s not forget that he didn’t have the fancy instruments that geographers have today.
Famous for his studies of the earth,he is often called the “Father of Geography”.In a now-lost work titled Geographika,the contents of which are known because of references (参考) from following books still in existence,he took a global view of the world.With its title,he invented a new word—geography.In his book,he divided the planet into climate zones and listed the names and locations of 400 cities.Setting aside mythological and traditional views of lands,he used written descriptions of wars and observations by travellers to try to find distances between places.
1.Why was Eratosthenes given the name“Beta”
A.Because he loved the letter best.
B.Because he was a very modest person.
C.Because he often used the letter in his works.
D.Because he knew quite a lot but not the most.
2.What did Eratosthenes do for most of his life
A.He was a poet.
B.He was a teacher.
C.He was a librarian.
D.He was an engineer.
3.What kind of feeling does the author express in Paragraph3
A.Admiration. B.Sympathy.
C.Worry. D.Doubt.
4.What can we learn about Eratosthenes’ Geographika
A.He told a lot of myths in it.
B.He tried to use facts as its basis.
C.It was based on a lot of old books.
D.It was written as a geography textbook.
【七选五】
Four Secrets to Steve Jobs’ Success
How is it that a college dropout,who was once kicked out of his own company,became one of the world’s foremost innovators
Carmine Gallo lists the four ways Jobs managed to succeed in the face of discouraging circumstances. 1
Do what you love,no matter what it happens to be.
This is what Jobs told Stanford University graduates in a speech in 2005.Gallo says the famous talk show host Rachael Ray agrees with this advice.Rachael Ray does what she loves. 2 She did that because she loved cooking.
Say no to 1,000 things.
Simplifying his business was the key to Jobs’ success,Gallo says.In 1997,when Jobs returned to Apple,Apple was close to bankruptcy(破产).He took 300 products and condensed them to 10 within a two-year period.
3 In his latter years,he decided he would wear the same dress every day so that he didn’t have to think about it.
Kick-start(启动)your brain by doing something new.
Doing new things helped Jobs,in the words of Apple’s own slogan,“Think differently.”
The inspiration for the Apple Store came from the Four Seasons Hotel.That’s why when you walk into an Apple Store,you will not find a cashier. 4 Walk to the back of the store and there’s a bar.It doesn’t serve alcohol,but it collects advice.
5
“For Jobs,it wasn’t just about selling 29 million iPads this summer but entertaining the customers at the same time,” Gallo says.“Whether you run a multi-billion dollar tech company or a pizza restaurant,innovation means creating a new experience for your customers,” Jobs says.
A.Do what you are curious about.
B.Create fresh experiences.
C.Instead,you’ll find a doorkeeper.
D.Carmine Gallo says that you can do the same.
E.She was giving cooking lessons at Macy’s for free.
F.Simplicity also extends to Jobs’ personal life.
G.Jobs explained that iPad was not just a phone but a lifestyle.
【语法填空】
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1. (be)Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,2. she opened with her late husband Les.Her years of hard work have 3. (final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene 4. (declare) she had no plans 5.(retire) from her 36-year-old business.Irene said,“I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6.(make) over the years.I work not because I have to,7. because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award.She said,“We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call 8. (say)she was short-listed,we thought it was 9. joke.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.It’s 10. (wonder).”
【应用文】
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:
1.人物简介;
2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意:词数80左右。
【概要写作】
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The hobby is a good thing a person gets from childhood.It can be developed at any age;however,it’s best to get it from childhood.We all do some kind of work according to our interest which can give us happiness and joy and that is called hobbies.Some people get different hobbies according to their interest,likes and dislikes.
There are many types of hobbies we can develop such as dancing,singing,
drawing,playing indoor or outdoor games,bird watching,writing,eating,reading,
sports,gardening,music,watching TV,cooking,talking.Our hobbies help us in earning a livelihood and making a successful career.The hobby is something we can fully enjoy in our free time.
My hobbies are cooking,listening to music and gardening;however,I always prefer gardening.Gardening makes me relaxed and gives me more happiness.Every early morning I enjoy my blooming garden,growing plants slowly on a daily basis.I also enjoy sunrise and sunset in my garden.I generally like to do my schoolwork in my evergreen garden.I play badminton with my father in the evening and enjoy the evening walk with my mom.Every day I watch new plants develop and water the plants.I also try planting new and decorative plants in my garden in order to make it more beautiful.
My parents always encourage me to continue all my hobbies.They become so happy when I take my problems in an easy way and try to solve them without getting angry and anxious.My mom says that gardening is a good hobby.From my childhood I work daily in my garden for one hour to keep it well maintained.
【读后续写】
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small community.As the economy was in decline,some people in the town had lost their jobs.Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet.People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
Mrs Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman.She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor.She knew they had problems,and they needed all kinds of help.When she had time,she would bring food and medicine to them.
One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before.There was a man sick in bed,his wife,who took care of him and could not go out to work,and their little boy.The little boy—his name was Bernard—had interested her very much.
“I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children,John,Harry,and Clara.“He is such a help to his mother.He wants very much to earn some money,but I don’t see what he can do.”
After their mother left the room,the children sat thinking about Bernard.“I wish we could help him to earn money,”said Clara.“His family is suffering so much.”
“So do I,”said Harry.“We really should do something to assist them.”
For some moments,John said nothing,but,suddenly,he sprang to his feet and cried,“I have a great idea!I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成).”
The other children also jumped up all attention.When John had an idea,it was sure to be a good one.“I tell you what we can do,” said John.“You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us Well,we can make popcorn(爆米花),and put it into paper bags,and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
When Mrs Meredith heard of John’s idea,she thought it was a good one,too.
With everything ready,Bernard started out on his new business.
参考答案：
【完形填空】
1-5ACADD
6-10CBADC
11-15BCABB
【阅读理解】
A
1-4BDCA
B
1-4BCDB
C
1-3CBB
D
1-4DCAB
【七选五】
1-5DEFCB
【语法填空】
1.being
2.which
3.finally
4.declared
5.to retire
6.have made
7.but
8.saying
9.a
10.wonderful
【概要写作】
A good hobby is best developed in childhood.(要点1) As we know,there are a wide variety of hobbies to be developed,such as dancing,singing,gardening,etc.(要点2) Of different kinds of hobbies,I’m fond of gardening best,which keeps me busy,happy and away from all worries of the daily life.(要点3) In my parents’ eyes,my hobbies,particularly gardening,are quite helpful and have a lifelong influence.(要点4)
【完形填空】
My name is Miranda Gibson.I have been at the top of a tree for five months now.Some people might wonder 1 on earth I would choose to do that.
I have walked through this forest many times.On 12 December 2011, 2 rolled into the forest and the destruction(摧毁) began.I couldn’t 3 the thought that these forests would be 4 forever.So,on 14 December 2011,I packed up my life, 5 of my job plans,and climbed 60 metres to the top of this tree.I have been here ever since.
Life in the tree tops can be 6 at times.I have times when I feel frustrated(沮丧) and wish I could 7 ,to anywhere,just have a 8 of scenery for a minute!There are times too,when I feel terribly 9 .I miss my friends and family. 10 these times,I find myself loving the 11 .
Living in the tree has been inspiring.I am willing to 12 up here for as long as it takes, 13 I honestly hope it won’t be too 14 before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never be 15 .
1.A.why B.when
C.how D.where
2.A.water B.animals
C.machinery D.tourists
3.A.bear B.help
C.keep D.spare
4.A.sold B.stolen
C.protected D.lost
5.A.grew out B.fell short
C.ran out D.let go
6.A.refreshing B.risky
C.challenging D.rewarding
7.A.get up B.get away
C.give in D.give up
8.A.change B.look
C.search D.touch
9.A.confused B.nervous
C.sorry D.lonely
10.A.Beyond B.Without
C.Despite D.Unlike
11.A.height B.experience
C.background D.position
12.A.return B.stop
C.stay D.hide
13.A.but B.though
C.because D.so
14.A.soon B.long
C.near D.bad
15.A.moved B.logged
C.burned D.missed
【阅读理解】
A
Would you BET on the future of this man He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning,and he has often been in prison.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives,he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.That former prisoner was Cervantes,and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》).And the story poses an interesting question:Why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days,while others go to seed long before
We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark.I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We can’t all get there.I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us,in fact,progressively narrow the variety of our lives.We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it.Nothing surprises us.We lose our sense of wonder.But,if we are willing to learn,the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we can’t change.We learn to avoid self-pity.We learn that however much we try to please,some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm,we can keep on learning.Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life.However,we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我),whether to loved ones,to fellow humans,to work,or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing.But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck,or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are.They’ve learned life’s most valuable lesson.
1.The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that .
A.loss of freedom stimulates one’s creativity
B.age is not a barrier to achieving one’s goal
C.misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D.disability cannot stop a man’s pursuit of success
2.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.End one’s struggle for liberty.
B.Waste one’s energy taking risks.
C.Miss the opportunity to succeed.
D.Lose the interest in continue learning.
3.What could be inferred from Paragraph 4
A.Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.
B.Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
C.Opportunities favour those with a curious mind.
D.Opportunities await those with a cautious mind.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A.To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B.To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C.To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D.To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.
B
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child,but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago,found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income,education and the amount of parent talk,Levine said.
The researchers analysed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转) and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently,and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.However,boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
1.In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play
A.Building confidence.
B.Developing spatial skills.
C.Learning self-control.
D.Gaining high-tech knowledge.
2.What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment
A.Parents’ age.
B.Children’s imagination.
C.Parents’ education.
D.Child-parent relationship.
3.How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play
A.They play with puzzles more often.
B.They tend to talk less during the game.
C.They prefer to use more spatial language.
D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.A mathematical method.
B.A scientific study.
C.A woman psychologist.
D.A teaching program.
C
Female Scientists Who Have Changed the World
There are still hundreds of relatively-unknown women who have changed the world with their research throughout history.
Tiera Guinn
When she was in college,Tiera Guinn already did rocket science.The MIT(麻省理工学院) senior was helping build a rocket for the United States that could be one of the biggest and most powerful ever made.She was an aerospace major with high credit points who also worked as a Rocket Structural Design and Analysis Engineer for the Space Launch System that aerospace company Boeing was building for the US.
Elizabeth Blackwell
Elizabeth Blackwell,who was born in Bristol,England in 1821,was the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States,became an activist for poor American women’s health,and went on to found a medical school for women in England.
Jane Goodall
The most famous primate (灵长类)scientist in history,Jane Goodall was known for her work with chimps and as a champion of animal rights.And Goodall wasn’t just working in a lab;she climbed trees and imitated the behaviour of chimps in Tanzania to gain their trust and study them in their natural habitat.
Rachel Carson
In the 1960s,one environmental scientist’s voice rose above the rest to become central to American politics,culture,and foreign policy:Rachel Carson’s.Her article,“Silent Spring”,warned of the dangers of pesticides(农药) and chemicals to humans,plants,and animals,and was a landmark in the nation’s environmental history.
1.What is Tiera Guinn’s greatest achievement
A.She entered the best university of the world.
B.She has been learning the newest rocket science.
C.She has helped build a big and powerful rocket.
D.She is a top student employed by a famous company.
2.What is Elizabeth Blackwell famous for in history
A.She was the first woman with the advanced education.
B.She was a pioneer of the women’s health in the US and the UK.
C.She founded the first women’s school in the United Kingdom.
D.She was the first woman to be accepted as an American citizen.
3.Who made a great contribution to the animal-protection movement
A.Tiera Guinn. B.Jane Goodall.
C.Rachel Carson. D.Elizabeth Blackwell.
D
Born in Cyrene (which is now Shahhat,Libya),Eratosthenes (276 BCE—195 BCE) spent his time studying a wide variety of subjects under a lot of teachers,including the Greek poet Callimachus.After leaving Callimachus,he spent the next several years studying in Athens,where he furthered his knowledge of the world around him.
Eratosthenes was known as having a great deal of knowledge in a great number of different fields of study,but not doing the best in any one of them.He did work in astronomy,mathematics,geography,history,and poetry,and also worked as a theatre critic in his spare time.He became known by the name “Beta” (the second letter of the Greek alphabet) because it was told that he was “second best in the world at everything”.Eratosthenes would go on to become director of the Great Library for over four decades,from 245 BCE to just before the beginning of the second century BCE.
Eratosthenes is most famous for a measurement that he made,for he was the first to measure the size of the earth through direct means.He performed a simple experiment and used basic mathematics to find the size of our home planet.The circumference (圆周) of the earth,he determined,was about 39,250 km (24,390 miles)—the real distance is 40,075 km (24,901 miles)!And let’s not forget that he didn’t have the fancy instruments that geographers have today.
Famous for his studies of the earth,he is often called the “Father of Geography”.In a now-lost work titled Geographika,the contents of which are known because of references (参考) from following books still in existence,he took a global view of the world.With its title,he invented a new word—geography.In his book,he divided the planet into climate zones and listed the names and locations of 400 cities.Setting aside mythological and traditional views of lands,he used written descriptions of wars and observations by travellers to try to find distances between places.
1.Why was Eratosthenes given the name“Beta”
A.Because he loved the letter best.
B.Because he was a very modest person.
C.Because he often used the letter in his works.
D.Because he knew quite a lot but not the most.
2.What did Eratosthenes do for most of his life
A.He was a poet.
B.He was a teacher.
C.He was a librarian.
D.He was an engineer.
3.What kind of feeling does the author express in Paragraph3
A.Admiration. B.Sympathy.
C.Worry. D.Doubt.
4.What can we learn about Eratosthenes’ Geographika
A.He told a lot of myths in it.
B.He tried to use facts as its basis.
C.It was based on a lot of old books.
D.It was written as a geography textbook.
【七选五】
Four Secrets to Steve Jobs’ Success
How is it that a college dropout,who was once kicked out of his own company,became one of the world’s foremost innovators
Carmine Gallo lists the four ways Jobs managed to succeed in the face of discouraging circumstances. 1
Do what you love,no matter what it happens to be.
This is what Jobs told Stanford University graduates in a speech in 2005.Gallo says the famous talk show host Rachael Ray agrees with this advice.Rachael Ray does what she loves. 2 She did that because she loved cooking.
Say no to 1,000 things.
Simplifying his business was the key to Jobs’ success,Gallo says.In 1997,when Jobs returned to Apple,Apple was close to bankruptcy(破产).He took 300 products and condensed them to 10 within a two-year period.
3 In his latter years,he decided he would wear the same dress every day so that he didn’t have to think about it.
Kick-start(启动)your brain by doing something new.
Doing new things helped Jobs,in the words of Apple’s own slogan,“Think differently.”
The inspiration for the Apple Store came from the Four Seasons Hotel.That’s why when you walk into an Apple Store,you will not find a cashier. 4 Walk to the back of the store and there’s a bar.It doesn’t serve alcohol,but it collects advice.
5
“For Jobs,it wasn’t just about selling 29 million iPads this summer but entertaining the customers at the same time,” Gallo says.“Whether you run a multi-billion dollar tech company or a pizza restaurant,innovation means creating a new experience for your customers,” Jobs says.
A.Do what you are curious about.
B.Create fresh experiences.
C.Instead,you’ll find a doorkeeper.
D.Carmine Gallo says that you can do the same.
E.She was giving cooking lessons at Macy’s for free.
F.Simplicity also extends to Jobs’ personal life.
G.Jobs explained that iPad was not just a phone but a lifestyle.
【语法填空】
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1. (be)Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,2. she opened with her late husband Les.Her years of hard work have 3. (final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene 4. (declare) she had no plans 5.(retire) from her 36-year-old business.Irene said,“I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6.(make) over the years.I work not because I have to,7. because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award.She said,“We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call 8. (say)she was short-listed,we thought it was 9. joke.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.It’s 10. (wonder).”
【应用文】
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:
1.人物简介;
2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意:词数80左右。
【概要写作】
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The hobby is a good thing a person gets from childhood.It can be developed at any age;however,it’s best to get it from childhood.We all do some kind of work according to our interest which can give us happiness and joy and that is called hobbies.Some people get different hobbies according to their interest,likes and dislikes.
There are many types of hobbies we can develop such as dancing,singing,
drawing,playing indoor or outdoor games,bird watching,writing,eating,reading,
sports,gardening,music,watching TV,cooking,talking.Our hobbies help us in earning a livelihood and making a successful career.The hobby is something we can fully enjoy in our free time.
My hobbies are cooking,listening to music and gardening;however,I always prefer gardening.Gardening makes me relaxed and gives me more happiness.Every early morning I enjoy my blooming garden,growing plants slowly on a daily basis.I also enjoy sunrise and sunset in my garden.I generally like to do my schoolwork in my evergreen garden.I play badminton with my father in the evening and enjoy the evening walk with my mom.Every day I watch new plants develop and water the plants.I also try planting new and decorative plants in my garden in order to make it more beautiful.
My parents always encourage me to continue all my hobbies.They become so happy when I take my problems in an easy way and try to solve them without getting angry and anxious.My mom says that gardening is a good hobby.From my childhood I work daily in my garden for one hour to keep it well maintained.
【读后续写】
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small community.As the economy was in decline,some people in the town had lost their jobs.Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet.People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
Mrs Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman.She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor.She knew they had problems,and they needed all kinds of help.When she had time,she would bring food and medicine to them.
One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before.There was a man sick in bed,his wife,who took care of him and could not go out to work,and their little boy.The little boy—his name was Bernard—had interested her very much.
“I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children,John,Harry,and Clara.“He is such a help to his mother.He wants very much to earn some money,but I don’t see what he can do.”
After their mother left the room,the children sat thinking about Bernard.“I wish we could help him to earn money,”said Clara.“His family is suffering so much.”
“So do I,”said Harry.“We really should do something to assist them.”
For some moments,John said nothing,but,suddenly,he sprang to his feet and cried,“I have a great idea!I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成).”
The other children also jumped up all attention.When John had an idea,it was sure to be a good one.“I tell you what we can do,” said John.“You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us Well,we can make popcorn(爆米花),and put it into paper bags,and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
When Mrs Meredith heard of John’s idea,she thought it was a good one,too.
With everything ready,Bernard started out on his new business.
参考答案：
【完形填空】
1-5ACADD
6-10CBADC
11-15BCABB
【阅读理解】
A
1-4BDCA
B
1-4BCDB
C
1-3CBB
D
1-4DCAB
【七选五】
1-5DEFCB
【语法填空】
1.being
2.which
3.finally
4.declared
5.to retire
6.have made
7.but
8.saying
9.a
10.wonderful
【概要写作】
A good hobby is best developed in childhood.(要点1) As we know,there are a wide variety of hobbies to be developed,such as dancing,singing,gardening,etc.(要点2) Of different kinds of hobbies,I’m fond of gardening best,which keeps me busy,happy and away from all worries of the daily life.(要点3) In my parents’ eyes,my hobbies,particularly gardening,are quite helpful and have a lifelong influence.(要点4)