【新课标】人教版高中英语必修5 Unit1 Great Scientists（学案+同步测试，8份打包）

Unit 1 Great Scientists
语言要点
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇部分 词语辨析 1. character / characteristic 2. examine / check / test 3. cure / treat 4. blame / scold 5. reject / refuse
词形变化 1. scientific adj.科学的 science n.科学 scientist n.科学家
2. valuable adj.有价值的 value n. 价值 value v. 估价, 评价
3. instruct v. 教导， 命令 instruction n. 指示，用法说明 instructive adj.有益的，教育性的
4. enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的 enthusiasm n.狂热，热心 enthusiast n.热心家，狂热者
重点单词 conclude v. 断定， 得出结论; 结束（正式）；attend v. vt. 出席, 参加, 照顾, 护理, 注意 vi.专心, 留意expose vt. 使暴露, 受到, 使曝光 v揭露absorb vt. 吸收;使(精神)贯注;吞并blame n过失, 责备 vt.责备, 谴责instruct vt .教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知contribute vi．& vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿
重点词组 put forward 提出：提议以供考虑 in addition/ apart from 除……之外;另外make sense 有意义
重点句子 1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.3. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it …..
重点语法 过去分词做表语和定语 (见语法专题)
I.词语辨析
1). character/characteristic n.
【解释】character 性格，品质 （本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符characteristic 特点，特征（区别于其他事物）
【练习】选择character 或characteristic 并用其适当的形式填空He proved himself true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.People living in the city are different from those in the countryside in _________ .What are the __________that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese Chinese __________ attract a great number of foreigners all over the world.The main purpose of a play is to let the ________ speak for themselves as much as possible.Keys: 1) character 2) character 3) characteristics 4) character 5) character
2). examine/ check /test 检查
【解释】examine仔细察看或观察（以了解情况或是否有问题或毛病）
check检查 （含有“校对”或“找错”的意思）test 检查，检测（以某种手段来试一试某人或某物是否达到了一定的标准）
【练习】选择 check , examine 或 test，并用其适当的形式填空1）I was being _______ for a driving license for the third time.2）The doctor _________ him carefully.3）The interviewer always _______ her facts before sending them to the editor.Keys: 1) tested 2) examined 3) checks
3) cure/ treat 治疗，
【解释】cure 表示治愈的结果treat 表示治疗的过程
【练习】选择cure 或treat 并用其适当的形式填空1) After being ________ for such a long time, the wound ___________ at last. Keys: 1) treated; cured
4) blame/scold 责备
【解释】blame 责备；谴责； 归咎于强调对某种可以解释的失误或不良行为的谴责或惩罚：scold 斥责”、“责骂”指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨地说，常用于长辈对晚辈
【练习】1）Don't _______ it on him, but on me.2）The parents ______ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.Keys: 1) blame 2) scolded
5) reject /refuse 拒绝
【解释】reject 后接名词，（含对被抛弃的东西不屑一顾）refuse 后接名词，动名词 ，可表“谢绝”
【练习】选择refuse 或reject 并用其适当的形式填空1）The Christian Church ________ his theory, saying it was against God’s idea.2）I can’t stand working with Jane in the same office. She just ________to stop talking while she works.Keys: 1) rejected 2) refuses
II. 词形变化
science n，科学 scientific adj.科学的 scientist n.科学家
announce v．宣布 announcement n.宣布 announcer n，广播员，告知者
instruct v.．指导，命令 instruction n.指导，指示 instructive adj.有益的，教育性的
enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的 enthusiasm n.狂热，热心 enthusiast n.热心家，狂热者
valuable adj.有价值的 value n. 价值 value v. 估价, 评价
【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) The _________ took a very ________ approach to _________.(science)2) The ______ make a(n) ________ that all the details should _______ through the broadcast.(announce)3) It is ______ and easy for the children to read some masterpieces with the _______ at the bottom of each page.(instruct)4) “You don’t seem very ______ about the idea.” “I don’t mind,” she said, without much ______.(enthusiasm)5) There is no any criterion to ______ whether it is _______ information. (value)keys: 1) scientist; scientific; science 2) announcer; announcement; be announced 3) instructive;instructions 4) enthusiastic; enthusiasm 5) value;valuable
Ⅲ．重点词汇
1. conclude vi.终结； 结束; 推断； 决定
[典例]
1）The meeting concluded at ten o'clock. 会议于十点钟结束。
2）It is hard to conclude. 这很难断定。
[重点用法]
conclusion n. 结束,结论
make／draw／reach／come to／arrive at a conclusion下结论，得出结论；
bring sth. to a conclusion使…结束；
in conclusion作为结论，最后；
[练习] 汉译英
我们推定蓝队无法按时抵达目的地。
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我们认定他并没有告诉我们实情，也就是他在撒谎。
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Keys:1) We concluded that the blue team could not reach the destination on time. 2) We concluded that he didn’t tell us the truth. That is, he was lying.
2. attend v. 1)注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with
2) 出席；到场： 3)照看；照料：=take care; look after
[典例]
1）We'll attend to the problem later． 稍后我们将关注那个问题。
2）Which doctor is attending you 哪一个医生为你看病
[重点用法]
attendance n． 出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料
attend school上学
attend a lecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议
attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼‘/参加典礼
[练习] 汉译英
他们在我们不在时管理事务。
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2) 他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。
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Keys: 1) They attended our affairs during our absence. 2) He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.
3. expose vt.
1)使暴露, 显露 2)曝光 3)揭露
[重点用法]
exposure n．(在日光、风雨、危险中)暴露，暴晒(后接to + n．)；(摄影的)曝光
be exposed to ….置身于……;暴露于…
[典例]
1）A real artist can always expose his students to good art and music
称职的艺术家总能使学生接触美好的艺术和音乐
2）This film has been exposed. 这片子已经感光。
3）He exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。
4）Exposure to the cold wind left my lips feeling dry．我暴露在寒风中，觉得嘴唇干裂。
5）As a journalist in the war, she was exposed to many dangers.作为战地记者,她置身于多种危险中.
[练习]用expose的恰当形式填空。
1）The soil was washed away by the flood，_____________bare rock．
2）The baby was left ____________the wind and rain．
3）The _____________of the plot against the President probably saved his life．
Keys: 1) exposing 2) exposed to 3) exposure
4. absorb
1) 吸收 2)使(精神)贯注 3)占用(时间)
[重点用法]
be absorbed in 全神贯注于;热衷于;
absorb one’s attention吸引某人注意力
[典例]
1）The equipment can absorb moisture from the air这一设备能从空中吸收水分
2）He is absorbed in study. 他专心读书。
3）This job absorbs all of my time. 这件工作占用了我的全部时间。
[练习] 汉译英
颜色丰富的东西总能轻易地吸引孩子们的注意力。
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这双新鞋特别设计了吸收能量的作用。
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Keys: 1) Things in colour can often absorb children’s attention easily. 2) The new shoes are specially designed to absorb the energy.
5. blame vt．责备；谴责；归咎于；
n．责怪；(过失、过错等)责任
[典例]
1)The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday．
那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。
2) Who is to blame for the failure 谁该为这次的失败负责
3) The student blamed the teacher for his failure．学生因失败而怪老师。
[重点用法]
blame sb．for(doing)sth． 因(做)某事而指责某人
blame sth．on sb． 因某事而指责某人
sb．be to blame for(doing)sth． 因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责；
注意: be to blame 应负责 (无被动形式)。
[练习] 汉译英
1）看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了.
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2）这件事谁也不能怨.
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3）他指责你玩忽职守.
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Keys: 1) It seemed that the water was to blame. 2) Nobody is to blame for it. 3) He blames you for neglect of duty.
6. instruct vt教导; 指示
[典例]
1）Miss Liu instructed a class in math last year. 刘老师去年给一个班学生上数学课.
2）The volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruct orphans. in English
这些志愿者经常去孤儿之家去教他们英语.
3）He was instructed when to start through the email. 他从邮件中得到出发时间的通知
4）He was instructed to sail for New York. 他奉命前往纽约。
[重点用法]
instruct sb.( in sth.) 教, 教导,传授技能
instruct sb. to do; instruct wh-命令, 指示,
instruct that-clause通知
[练习] 汉译英
1）老职工对青年职工言传身教.
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2）同时要求孩子们放学后留在教室里.
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Keys: 1) The old workers instruct the young workers not only in words, but by deeds. 2)The children were also instructed not to leave the classroom after class.
7. contribute vi．&vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿
[典例]
1）He contributed to the church．他向教会捐款。
2）He often contributes to this newspaper．他经常向这家报社投稿。
3）Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer．吸烟是导致癌症的主要因素。
[重点用法]
contribution. n. 捐献，贡献；投稿
contribute…to …向……捐献(投稿)
contribute to…促成，起作用，有助于
make a contribution to／towards向……捐赠；对…作出贡献
注意: 以上短语中to为介词；
[练习]用contribute的恰当形式或短语填空。
1) Everyone is encouraged to ___________ the discussion.
2) Her work has ___________ our understanding of this difficult subject.
3) She has __________ poems to literary magazines．
Keys: 1) contribute to 2) contributed to 3) contributed
Ⅳ重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1．put forward 提出(建议等)；推荐某人或自己任职位；提名
[典例]
1）He put forward a new plan yesterday．他昨天提出一个新计划。
2）May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee 我能否提名你当委员会主席
[短语归纳]
put on穿上；增加 put on performances演出
put an end to结束；终止 put off推迟；延期；
put one's heart into全神贯注于 put down写下
put out生产；扑灭 put back放回；送回
put up举起；张贴
[练习]用put构成的短语填空:
1)You can take anything from the shelf，but please _______ the books when you've finished with them．
2)He often _______ some useful advice.
Keys: 1) put back 2) puts forward
2．apart from 除……之外;另外
[典例]
1）Apart from a few faults，he is a perfect teacher．除了几个缺点之外，他是一个很好的老师。
2）Apart from the cost，the dress doesn't suit me．姑且不论价格，这件礼服也不适合我穿。
[短语归纳]
in addition to除……之外(还有,包括在内)
besides 除……之外(还有,包括在内)
except (for)除……之外除……之外(还有,不包括在内)
except that 除了…除……之外(还有,不包括在内)
[练习]选择以上短语填空。
As a senior student, we study other subjects _________ English.
Your article is well written ________ some spelling mistakes.
Keys: 1) besides/ in addition to/apart from 2) except for
make sense讲得通；有意义
[典例]
What he says makes sense．他说的有道理。
Can you make sense of this poem 你能明白这首诗的含义吗
What you say is true in a sense．你所说的在某种意义上是真实的。
[短语归纳]
make no sense讲不通；无意义 make sense of 了解,明白
in a sense就某种意义而言；在某种意义上
[练习] 汉译英
老师试了许多次，但这个长句依然讲不通。
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从某种意义上说，这部影片富含意义。
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Keys: 1) The teacher tried many times, but the long sentence still could not make sense.
2) The film is full of meaning in a sense.
V重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
每次瘟疫爆发，数以千计的人们在恐惧中死去．
[解释] every time可作连词使用，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次，每当”immediately，the moment，directly，instantly等都可以作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”
[典例]
1）Every time I meet him，I always think of the things happened between us．
每次见到他，我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。
2）Immediately he saw the message, he knew he misunderstood his best friend.
一见到纸条，他就知道他误会了他最好的朋友。
[练习] 汉译英
１）每次我去找他，他都在专心看书．
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２）我一见到她就把这本书给了她。
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３）我一见到他就把这封信给他。
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４）我一接到你的信就来了。
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Keys: 1) Every time I went to see him, he was absorbed in reading. 2) I gave the book to her the moment I saw her． 3) I will give the letter to him immediately I see him．4) I came directly I got the letter． ．
2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说的清楚．
[解释]Only 引导的状语放在句首，句子需用半倒装．
［练习］汉译英
１) 只有用这种方法，你才能轻松地解决这个问题．
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２) 就在你失去它的时候，你才会懂得时间的宝贵．
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Keys: 1) Only in this way, can you deal with the problem easily. 2) Only when you lost it, will you understand how valuable the time is.
3. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it …..
他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转．
[解释]with + 宾语+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等．
［典例］
1）With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest. 在老者的带路下，我们向森林进发。
2）She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face. 她不停地奔跑，汗珠顺着脸颊流下来。
[练习] 汉译英
老师微笑地走进教室，身后还跟着一群小朋友．
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随着考试的结束，我们的假期开始了．
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Keys: 1) With a group of children following, the teacher came into the classroom with smile.
2) With the test finished, we began our holiday.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
In the times of Queen Victoria, so-called "King Cholera" hit Londoners, which often 1 （导致）large numbers of 2 (dead). Thanks to John Snow, a then well known 3 , this deadly disease finally got controlled. John Snow thought 4 most important was to find its 5 . So he began to gather the information, for which he made a map, on which he marked 6 the 7 （受害者）had lived. As a result, he found out that the 8 (污染) water was the cause of cholera and suggested that the source of all water supplies 9 （检查）immediately. Finally "King Cholera" 10 (defeat).
答案：1. resulted in 2. deaths 3. doctor 4. the 5. cause 6. where 7. victims
8. polluted 9. be examined 10. was defeated
Ⅱ课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语
这篇短文的主要意思是说斯诺找到了一种叫做霍乱疾病的起因，这是19世纪发生在伦敦的一种致命的疾病。在斯诺的努力，该疾病终于得到控制。
The main idea of this passage is that _____________________________________________________________
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答案：The main idea of this passage is that John Snow found out the cause of the disease called cholera which was a deadly disease in London in the 19th century. With Snow' s great efforts, the disease was finally under control.
Ⅲ课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）
1【原句】John Snow was a well-known doctor in Landon－( and he was) so famous, indeed (插入语), that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.
[模仿要点]两个简单句合并成一句，很好地运用了插入语和符号来压缩句子。
【模仿1】. 张老师是个热心的老师，他那么善良我想当他的学生生病时他一定乐意帮助他们的。
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答案：Mr. Zhang is a warm-hearted teacher in our school—so kind, I think/ I believe/ I suppose/ I dare say (插入语), that he is sure to help his students when they are ill.
【模仿2】李平是我们班一位用功的学生。他那么勤奋我想晚上不到11点他不会上床睡觉的。
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答案：Li Ping is a hard-working boy in my class－so diligent, I suppose, that he never goes to bed until 11 at night.
2【原句】Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.
[模仿要点] 冒号加that从句
【模仿1】虽然她不相信别人说的话，可她所收集的证据得出这样的结论：她的男朋友骗了她。
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答案：Though she didn’t believe what other people said, the evidences that she collected led to the conclusion: that her boy friend cheated her.
【模仿2】尽管他很聪明，但他不勤奋。他这学期所经历的失败得出这样的结论：不劳不获
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答案：Though he was very clever，he didn’t work hard and all his failure ( that she experienced) this term led to the conclusion: that no pains no gains.
3【原句】He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：with 的复合结构作定语修饰前面的名词。
【模仿1】当你步入校园，在你面前是一个种着各种花草的大花坛。在花坛的两边是两个高大的楼房：左边是教学楼，右边是图书馆。
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答案：When you enter the school, you can see in front of you a big flower bed with various kinds of flowers and grass growing in it and with two large buildings standing on both sides— the library on your right and the teaching building on your left.
【模仿2】 井底之蛙，永远看不到天空的广阔，“好男儿志在四方”，让我们踏歌而行，看高高的灯塔照亮我们远航的路。（with 结构作状语）
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The frog at the bottom of the well is always blind to the extension of the sky. “Ambitious men aims far.” Let's get started, with the tall lighthouse guiding our long voyage, and with the voice of singing accompanying.
单元自测 （模块）
1. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：212 完成时间：15分钟 难度：***
Lang Lang went to a piano school in Beijing when he was just eight. “You need 1 ,” his father said. “But if you don’t work hard, no fortune will come.”
What made him sad was that his piano teacher in Beijing didn’t like him. As a nine-year-old boy Lang Lang was badly 2 . He decided that he didn’t want to be a 3 any more. For the next two weeks he didn’t touch the piano. 4 , his father didn’t push, but waited.
Luckily, the day came when his teacher asked him to play some holiday songs. He didn’t want to, but as he placed his fingers on the piano key, he 5 that he could show others that he had talent after all.
In the 1994 International Young Pianists Competition, when it was 6 that Lang Lang had won, he was too 7 to hold back his tears. Soon it was clear that he couldn’t stay in China forever—he had to play on the world’s big 8 . In 1997 Lang Lang 9 again, this time to Philadelphia, U. S. There he spent Two years practicing. After his 10 performance at Chicago’s Ravinia Festival, gigs(特邀演出) in Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall started pouring in. Lang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune spots him, and lets him shine.
1. A. exercise B. fortune C. knowledge D. wealth
2. A. hurt B. weakened C. ruined D. frightened
3. A. singer B. pianist C. conductor D. player
4. A. Hopefully B. Patiently C. Wisely D. Painfully
5. A. seemed B. admitted C. noticed D. realized
6. A. told B. mentioned C. announced D. recognized
7. A. excited B. encouraged C. shocked D. satisfied
8. A. conceits B. tours C. competitions D. stages
9. A. started Ｂ. left C. moved D. performed
10. A. successful B. cheerful C. respectful D. meaningful
答案：
本文主要讲述了一位钢琴家成功之路的感人故事。
1. B 下文说“如果你不努力，幸运就不会到来”，因此上文是“你需要幸运”。
2. A 上文老师的话伤了朗朗，hurt表示伤了感情或身体，weaken意为减弱，ruin意为毁坏， frighten吓倒，都不符合语境。
23. B 受到伤害的直接做法就是不再想做钢琴家了。
4. C 朗朗两个星期没练琴，而爸爸没有督促，只是等。下文中讲到了爸爸终于等到了要听的话，所以爸爸的做法是明智的(wisely)。
5. D 老师的话伤害了他，使他不再练琴，但当他的手再放在琴键上时，他就意识到(realize)他有能力向别人展示他最终还是有天赋的。
26. C 当宣布(announced)朗朗获胜时，他太激动(excited)忍不住流出泪水。
27. A 见第26题解析。
28. D 他不能永远呆在中国，他要到世界的大舞台(stage)上演奏。
29. C 1997年，朗朗又搬家了，这次是去了美国。
30. A 由下文的Lincoln Center和Carnegie Hall特邀演出接踵而至，说明他的演出很成功。
2. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。
字数：178 完成时间：9分钟 难度：**
In the past, there lived a foolish man in a small kingdom called Zheng. One day he wanted to buy 31 a pair of new shoes. He measured his feet with a ruler first and wrote down his size. 32 he was in such a hurry to set out 33 he left it at home.
When he arrived at 34 shoe shop, he felt in the pocket only 35 (find) that it was not there. So he said apologetically, "I have left the measurement at home and don't know the size. I'll fetch it in one minute." 36 these words， he hurried off as fast as his legs could carry him.
He ran back home, found it and then to the shop again. But still 37 took him quite a while and the shop was already 38 (close) then. He had gone to all this trouble for nothing and did not get his shoes.
Then someone asked him with 39 (curious), “Did you buy the shoes for yourself or someone 40 ” “ For myself, of course." he answered. "Then why don't you try the shoes on by yourself ”
答案：
31. himself。 反身代词作间接宾语，从后文知道是给他自己买一双新鞋。
32. But。根据上下文逻辑关系这里应该用表示转折的连词。
33. that。引出结果状语从句，与前面such搭配连用。
34. a。第一次提到该鞋店应该用不定冠词。
35. to find。only与不定式连用，用作结果状语。意为“结果发现”。
36. With。with these words：说完这些话。
37. it。指代前面他回家取measurement（先前所量脚的尺寸）这件事。
38. closed。过去分词作表语。
39. curiosity。 词形转化，此处应该用名词作介词with的宾语。
40. else。考查else的用法。
3. 信息匹配
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
以下是世界各地一些大学的简介：
A. John Douglas University-- Located in the United States, this small university is well known for it's low cost and excellent science education.
B. Oxford University--Located in England, this is one of the world's oldest and most famous universities. The rich history and beautiful scenery comes at a high cost, but the quality of the classes is excellent.
C. Brown College-- This three year technical school is located in Australia. It' s a very modem campus, which opened only two years ago. The courses focus mainly on computers and multimedia.
D. Saint Francis University-- This religious university is located in the United States, and asks that all students have a good knowledge of religion and American history. The school isn't the most modern, but it offers scholarships to poor students who wish to study but can't pay.
E. Concordia University--This comprehensive university is popular with students who wish to pursue further studies after having completed their undergraduate work. The campus has more than 25,000 students.
F. Delta College-- This online school offers many degree programs through correspondence, so students can work at home on their free time for their degree. The cost is moderate, but the convenience is worthwhile for many.
以下是一些学生的情况和求学想法的简介：请匹配学生所感兴趣的学校。
41. Michael is a young student who has always received excellent grades, but his family may
not be able to pay for his studies, they are hoping he can receive financial aid somehow.
42. Sarah comes from a wealthy family, so money isn't a problem. She loves history and hopes to
get the best education possible.
43. David is married, and must work to support his family. He hopes to get a higher education to
improve his salary.
44. Rachel loves computers and hopes to find a job in the information technology field. She lives
in London and would love to travel abroad for her studies.
45. Johnson has completed a bachelor degree in economics, and wants to continue his studies so
that he can someday teach at a famous university.
答案：
41．D [解析]从Michael的家庭情况来看，他需要奖学金的资助，因此D项符合他的需求。
42．B [解析]Sarah家庭富裕喜欢历史，追求最好的教育，故选B项。
43．F [解析]David已婚，他要养活一家人，不能去上大学，但是可以通过网络来接受教育。Delta College刚好能满足他的要求。
44．C [解析]生活在伦敦的Rachel喜欢电脑想找到一份与信息技术有关的工作，他还想出国留学，因此C项符合她要求。
45．E [解析]Concordia University是一所多层次大学，录取想进修深造的学生继续他们的学业，这刚好符合Johnson的要求。
4. 基础写作
假设你是李华，你所在学校拟在下周开一个“如何高效地学习英语”的讲座。请你根据以下要点给史密斯教授写一封信，邀请他给学生做这次讲座。信的内容包括：
讲座目的：让学生了解英语学习策略；
讲座内容：如何高效学习英语，如何提高学习英语的兴趣，如何自主学习；
讲座时间：1小时30分钟左右。
[写作要求)
1．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文，使用必要的连接词。
3．开头语与结束语已给出，不计入句子总数。
4．参考词汇：策略strategy。
Dear Professor Smith，
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
Dear Professor Smith,
Our school is planning to have a lecture on how to learn English effectively for middle school students next week and I'm writing to ask you to come and give a talk on English learning strategies. It will help us understand how to learn English in effective ways and also increase our interest in learning it, thus making us learn it actively. Do you think one and a half hours will be enough for such a lecture Please let me know as soon as possible so that I can make arrangement.
Looking forward to seeing you and enjoying the talk.
With best wishes .
Yours,
Li HuaUnit 1 Great scientists BOOK5
考点摘要
单词 engine, characteristic, radium, theory, infect, scientific, examine, conclude, analyse, repeat, defeat, attend, expose, cure, control, absorb, severe, pump, blame, immediately, handle, addition, announce, certainty, instruct, cautious, reject, enthusiastic, positive, contribute, backward，construction.
短语 steam engine, from …to …, put forward, make/draw a conclusion, believe in, find out, look into, in addition, with certainty, link…to…, be strict with, make sense, point of view, lead to, apart from, the affected person, polluted water, thousands of terrified people, in the pub, a valuable clue, be to blame, be exposed to, a cloud of dangerous gas, slow down, water supplies, with this extra evidence, two other deaths, move backward, at times and at others, make choices.
句式 Who invented the way of giving electricity He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.He got interested in two theories explaining how cholar killed people He found /believed/showed…that-cl.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that_cl.
语法 过去分词作定语和表语So many thousands of terrified people died. ( 定语)But he became inspired when he …( 表语)
第一单元能力过关题
单词拼写。(每个1分，共15 分)
He c_________________ his speech with some amusing remarks .
They were d_______________ in the football match.
He had his teeth e_____________ for decay (蛀牙).
If I take this medicine twice a day, it should c___________ my cold .
When she smiled, he e____________ a perfect set of teeth.
Those are the facts; what do you c______________ from them
Who is to b________________ for the fire in the kitchen
Black cloth ___________________ (吸收) light.
The government ____________________ ( 宣布 ) its new economic polices.
He _________________ (捐助) a lot of money to the charity (慈善机构).
The news ___________________ ( 使惊讶 ) everybody.
He became __________ (受到鼓舞的 ) when he thought about helping the poor people.
The bridge is under __________________________ (建造)
He asked me to lend him more money , but I _______________ (拒绝).
You must be _______________ ( 提防，谨慎 ) about / of strangers .
短语互译。（每个1分，共15分）
put forward ______________; 2. draw /reach/come to a conclusion ______________
cure sb of his illness____________________; 4. be absorbed into_____________
5. under control ________________ ; 6. beyond control ______________
7. be to blame for sth.; 8. expose…to …________________
9. announce sth. to sb. __________________ 10. in addition________________
11.向….捐献某物 ___________________ 12. 导致 _________________
13.将…和…连接起来 _________________14. 除…之外，此外_________________
有意义__________________
完成句子。（每空1分，共15分）
The best way __________ ___________ (learn ) spoken English is to speak more.
I will tell him ____________ _______________ (一…就…) I see him.
The basketball player’s career came _________ an end when he broke his left arm.
I thanked the host _____________ his kindness.
Apart ___________ his nose, he’s quit good-looking.
I’ll try my best to find out the cause __________ the fire.
A working party has been set up to look ____________ the problem.
After a long journey , I felt very ______________ (tire ).
As we joined the big crowed, I got __________ ( lose ) .
The water companies were also instructed not to expose people to ____________ (pollute ) water anymore.
The woman liked the water so much that she had had it ________ (deliver) to her house.
John told the ______________ (astonish) people to remove the handle.
His wound became ____________ (infect ) with a new virus.
单项选择 （共25小题，每题1分，共25分）
Prices of daily goods ___________ through a computer can be lower than store prices .
A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D.buying
The building ___________ in our school is for us teachers ,though there’s noise most of the day, we still feel happy about it .
A. built B. having been built C. to be built D. being built
From his __________ look on his face , the price of meat must have risen.
A. disappointed B. disappointing C. satisfied D. satisfying
____________ time is _________ forever.
A. Lost ; losing B. Lost; lost C. Losing; losing D. Losing ; lost
The flowers , _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitor to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt
My mother is a _________ driver; she never does any dangerous driving.
A. cautious B. positive C. enthusiastic D. severe
–Please send us an e-mail __________ you arrive there.
--I will. A. immediately B. the moment when
C. immediately when D. at the moment
The bad weather was partly __________ for crop failure this year.
A. blame B. to blame C. blaming D. to have blamed
The man worked him sixteen hours a day and beat him ____________.
A. as well as B. as a result C. apart from D. in addition
Most of the factories under __________ have been designed by Chinese engineers.
A. conclusion B. control C. construction D. contribution
She sent him a telegraph __________ her immediate return to London.
A. instructing B. concluding C. announcing D. talking
___________, many workers from the countryside went back home ahead of time to spend the spring festival together with their family.
A. Getting paying B. Got to pay C. Having got paid D. To get paid
My father is very strict ______ me _________ my studies .
A. in; with B. with; in C. in; in D. with; with
Sarah, hurry up . I’m afraid you won’t have time to __________ before the party.
A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change
---How do you ___________ we go to Beijing for our holidays
---I think we’d better fly there . It’s much more comfortable.
A. insist B. want C. suppose D. suggest
____________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Though
____________ night coming on, they set off for home.
A. As B. With C. By D. When
Nothing can __________ me finishing my work. I’ll carry on with it.
A. prevent B. keep C. lead D. help
Sorry , I can’t help ____________ the room,. for I’m too busy.
A. painting B. painted C. to painting D. paint
The old couple ____________ some money every month in case of an emergency.
A. put down B. put up C. put forward D. put aside
The detective , _______to read a newspaper, glanced at the man _____ next to a woman.
A. pretending;seat B. pretending; seated C. pretended; seat D. pretended; seated
All of the students were _________ by the _________ speech given by the headmaster.
inspired;inspired B.inspiring;inspiring C. inspired; inspiring D.inspiring;inspired
When I opened the door , I found my father sitting in his chair, completely ________ a magazine.
A. absorbing in B. absorbed in C.absorbing to D. absorbed to
----There’s coffee and tea; you can have __________-.----Thanks !
A. either B. each C. one D. it
Why! I have nothing to confess._______ you want to say
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that
英汉互译 （每题4分，共20分）
Many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.
With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease.
我们的英语老师提出建议要我们多说，多读。 （put forward ）
5.你知道癌症和吸烟有关吗？ ( be linked to )
参考答案：
1. concluded 2. defeated 3. examined 4.cure 5. exposed 6. conclude 7.blame 8. absorbs 9. announced 10. contributed 11.astonished 12. inspired 13. construction 14. rejected 15. cautious
1.提出2得出结论3.医好某人的病4.被吸收进5..被控制住6.无法控制7因…受责备8. 使…暴露于9. 向…宣布某事10.也，另外11.contribute sth.to /towards 12.lead to 13.link …to…14.apart from 15.make sense
1.to learn 2.the moment /the minute 3. to 4.for 5.from 6.of .7.into 8.tired.9.lost.10. polluted 11. delivered 12. astonished 13.infected
1-5BDABB6-10AABDC11-15CCBAD16-20CBADD21-25BCBAA
1,2,3 略
4.Our English teacher put forward the suggestion that we should speak more and read more.
5.Do you know smoking is linked to cancer new words and expressions of Module 5,unit1
Warming—up
1. 提出; 推荐; 拨快
搭配：put oneself /sth forward 自荐或推荐某人为某职位的候选人
put sth. forward 提前，把时钟往前拨；提出
例句：Shall we put him forward as the candidate for chairman of the committee
运用：(1)他提出了一个更好的计划。
(2)我的表慢了所以我往前拨了四分钟。
(3)他们得把会议提前。
拓展：put 收拾好 put 接通（电话），完成
put 扑灭，生产 put 举起，搭建，张贴
put 增加体重 put 推迟
put 穿上，上演 put 容忍
put 放下，写下，镇压
运用：a. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been completely.
b. He is such a rude man that I cannot ________ him.
c. The meeting had to be till next Sunday.
d. If you have any questions, your hand.
Pre-reading
2. Vt 断定，推断出；结束，
例句：Let me conclude my speech with a saying: Where there is a will, there is a way.
请让我用一句谚语来结束我的发言：有志者，事竟成！
After waiting for half an hour ,I conclude that he wouldn’t come at all.
我等了半小时之后，我断定他根本就不会来了。
搭配：to conclude/in conclusion 最后，总之（常作插入语）
draw /reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论
运用： （1） （最后），I’d like to thank you I’ve enjoyed staying in your beautiful countries.
(2)We (得出结论) that the room must have been empty then.
3. analyse=analyze vt 分析
例句：Expert are still analyzing the DNA evidence in the case.专家们仍在分析这个案件中的DNA证据。
扩展： n 分析，分解（pl）analyses n 分析家，分解家
adj. 分析的， 解析的 analyzable adj. 可被分解的，可分析的
运用：An _________ (分析家) is skilled in making .（分析）
Reading
4. : 使受挫；打败
例句： He has been soundly defeated at chess.他在象棋比赛中一败涂地。
辨析：defeat/win/beat
defeat 多指在战争，比赛, 竞选或辩论中战胜对手，尤指“军事上的胜利”。
win 多指赢得比赛，奖励，胜利，尊重，名声，战争等。
win+ a game/ a race/an election/a victory/a champion/ (1st,2nd …)prize/scholarship/a gold medal/sb’s trust/love/respect/a battle/a war.
beat 指彻底打败，后多接人或团体。
运用：1)We ________ their team by ten points.
2）Jack _______the race at last.
3）He returned to his hometown after the army ________ Japan.
5. :参加，出席，上学，到场; 照顾，看护
用法：attend sth 出席，参加 attend (to sb./ sth.) 注意，专心
attend to sb./ sth. 照顾，关照某人/某事 attend (on) sb. 看护，照料某人
搭配：attend class/ school 上课/学
attend a wedding/a ceremony / a funeral/a lecture/a party 参加婚礼/典礼/葬礼/演讲/聚会
例句：他生病了，所以没来上课.
她日夜护理那位负伤的警察。
如果你不专心工作，你就不会成功。
辨析：
attend做参加讲，宾语通常为 meeting，lecture，funeral，ceremony，party，school等。
join 指加入某组织或团体，成为其中一员，如“参军，入团，入党”等。
join in 指参加比赛或活动，其中in可以作介词或副词。
take part in 指参加某项集体活动，并在其中起积极作用，可指参加工作，活动，学习等。
运用：1)My father __________ a revolutionary organization in 1938.
2)Why didn’t you _________ the talk last night
3)We’ll __________ social activities during the summer vacation.
4)He will __________ an important meeting tomorrow.
6. : 使面临，使遭遇（危险，攻击，嘲笑等）；使暴露（常与介词to搭配）
搭配：be exposed to 招致，暴露于，感染（病） expose…to… 使...受到/接触…
运用：Those who pig flu were separated and treated without delay.
感染猪流感的人被及时隔离和治疗。
It is considered to be almost a crime to on TV.
让孩子接触暴力电视节目几乎是一种犯罪行为。
keep indoors and ______________________________________.
(不要暴露你的皮肤于阳光下)
7. : v治愈疾病，纠正，去除（弊端等）; n 治愈，治疗方法，对策
例句：She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit.
Most of the patients can be cured of the disease.
So far, the cure for AIDS has not been found yet.
It is a pity that there is no easy cure for loneliness.
归纳：cure作动词时的习惯用法是 ；作名词时经常和介词 搭配使用。
运用：Scientists have recently succeeded in developing a kind of new vaccine to__________ people of bird flu effectively.
A. deal B. treat C. cure D. prevent
拓展：动词+ sb+of sth. 小结
sb. of sth. 指控，指责某人某事 sb. of sth. 说服某人某事
sb. of sth. 治愈某人某事 sb. of sth. 欺骗某人某事
sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 sb. of sth. 提醒某事某事
sb. of sth. 抢某人某事 sb. of sth 警告某人某事
8. ：c/u 挑战书；挑战 ；vt 向某人挑战；邀请某人比赛（常和to连用）
搭配：challenge sb to sth/ to do sth
运用：我邀他比赛过河。
9. ：v 吸收（液体，声音，光线，知识等），吸引（注意力）
搭配：absorb one’s attention 吸引某人注意 be absorbed in 专心致志于
be absorbed into 被吸入（并入）
运用：(1)She was ________________that novel that she didn’t realize the food had got burned.
(2)Several small companies are ______________ the big one.
(3)be lost in… 陷入…中，沉溺于某事中
______________, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
陷入沉思，他差点撞到前面的车上。
(4)I was so interested in these new ideas that I ________ them without thinking.
10. ： v怀疑，认为是 n.嫌疑犯，可疑的人
用法：suspect +sb/sth 认为是某人、某事
suspect+that 怀疑……
suspect sb of sb/doing sth 怀疑某人是/做某事
运用：警察怀疑他是间谍。
我觉得他可能是对的。
11. ： v.责备
搭配：blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把…归咎于某人
to be blame (for sth.) 某人（因为某事）要受到责备 lay/put blame on 把 …. 归咎于
take the blame for sth. 承担…的责任
运用：(1) The diver didn’t know who ____________ for starting the fire
(2)___________________ his partner. =He___________ his partner __________.
他把他的失败归咎于他的搭档。
12. ：污染
搭配：pollute environment/ air /water/river/soil
联想： ： n 污染 ： n 污染物
运用：1)这条河已经被工厂排放的废物污染 。
2)这是一部毒害青年人的心灵的暴力电影。
13. ： v.处理，操纵；n. 柄，门把手
用法：1)门的把手断了。
2)我不知道如何对付这些人。
3)他会操纵这台机器。
14. ： 除此之外，另外
比较：In addition to 除了…之外（还有）(=besides, as well as, apart from)
例句：Morning is the best time for study, in addition ,early rising can give you an exercise chance.
He speaks French well, in addition to English.
运用：1) giving a general instruction to computers, the course also provides practical experience.
A .In addition B In addition to C. Except for D. For the sake of
2) The teacher devoted herself to teaching. she helped those who had trouble in paying for the tuition.
A. In addition B. In particular C. In fact D. In case
15. ： v/n 连接
例句：After investing ,they linked the accident to speed driving.
调查后他们把事故与快速驾车联系起来。
搭配 link…to… 把…和…连接起来 ( 该短语常用于被动结构)
link up 连接起来
bine…. …
unite……. … join……. …
16. ： vt 宣布，宣告
例句：a. Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow.
b. It has been announced that a new railway will be built through that city.
发散： ：n 宣布，通知 ：n 播音员，广播员
辨析：announce/declare
announce指正式公布，宣布，侧重预告人们关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻。
declare指正式向公众宣布，侧重“当众发表”，多用于宣战，议和或宣判等。
1).China has _______ war on Japan.
2).Gathering clouds_______ the coming storm.
3).The government _______ its new economic policies to the public on TV.
A. declared B. turned out C. connected D. announced
17. ：v命令；教导
例句：他命令我们原地不动。 He instructed that we all___________ where we were.
我们受到指示不得说出那件事。 We were instructed about it.
我叔叔教别人开汽车。 My uncle instructed people how .
政府指令手机短信要严格控制。
The government instructs that mobile text message .
总结：命令某人（不）做某事 ；在某方面指导某人 ； 指导某人做某事 ；instruct 表示“命令”时，后面的宾语从句要用 。谓语动词要用 ，should可以省略。
运用：Mr. Dans determined to hire a teacher to ________ her daughter in paper—cut art.
A. teacher B. introduce C. instruct D. direct
Learning about language
18. ： v 捐助，捐献，投稿; 对…有贡献，有助于（常和介词to搭配使用）
例句：Most people contributed some money to/towards the new church.
大多数人都为新教堂捐献了一些钱。
A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.
适度的运动有益健康。
扩展：contribute to 有助于，促使 make a contribution /contributions to sth. 对…做贡献
运用：1) 他每年给慈善事业捐出十万美元。
2) 大量新鲜空气有助于健康。
3）科学家为科学的发展做出了巨大的贡献。
19. ：除…之外；此外
用法：a. 除了….以外（还有）（相当于besides）；除了….以外（没有）（相当于except）
Apart from my parents, I have no one to believe in.(相当于except)
Everyone in our class went to the cinema apart from Mary. (相当于besides)
b. 此外，除掉（相当于except for）
I think you really have an artist gift apart from this defect.
除了这个缺陷外，我觉得你确实有艺术天赋
辨析： besides/except/except for/apart from
1）besides是 “除了…以外（还有）” 的意思，有肯定的附加意义，表示在整体中加上一部分，除去的部分包括在内，是包容关系。Besides还可作副词，表示“另外”，相当于in addition
如: We all went besides the girls.除了姑娘们去之外，我们也都去了。
Besides，you have to promise me one thing.
2）except 是“除了…以外（没有）”的意思，表示在整体中减去一部分，除去的部分要排除在外，是排除关系。前后名词性质相同。
如：We all went except the girls.除了姑娘们没去，我们都去了。
3）except for 意思是“除…之外”，用于引述细节以修正和补充句子的主要意思。前后名词性质不相同。
如：Your composition is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
4）apart from 具有多重意义，即可表示besides，也可表示except 或except for。
如：what do you like eating apart from (besides) apples
I like doing sports apart from (except ) running.
运用：1）Your compositions are well written _______ Jim’s.
2)The hurricane damaged many houses and business building; _______ , it caused 30 deaths.
3）The bus is empty _______ an old lady
4）___________ the ending, it’s a really good film.
拓展：in ___ ____ 事实上，实际上 in _____ __ ___ 作为回报
in ____ _ __ 以防，如果 in _________ __ 赞成
in _____ _ _ 寻找 in ________ ___ 依次，轮流
in ____ _ __ 最终，最后 in ________ ___ 亲自，本人
in _____ _ _ 总之 in _______ ___ 共同，共有
in __ ___ __ 详细地 in _______ ___ 特别是
in _____ _ _ 依某人看来 in ________ ___ 公开地
in _____ _ _ 向…表示敬意
Using language
20. ：adj. 严格的，严厉的的
例句My mother is very strict with me with in my study.
搭配：对某人要求严格 在…方面严格要求
21. ： (lead-led-led)： 通向；导致
例句：a. The road leads to the foot of the hill.
b. Success lies in hard work while laziness can lead to failure.
运用：1)条条大路通罗马。
2）正是严重的水污染使得成千上万的人死亡。
联想： cause, bring about, result in, contribute to
搭配： lead sb. to somewhere 领着某人去某处
lead sb in doing sth 带领某人做某事
lead sb to do sth 导致某人做某事
22. ：有意义，讲得通
例句：No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t make sense to me.
扩展：make no sense 没有道理，没意义 make sense of 理解，明白
运用：1）这些指令没意义。
2）你能听懂他的话吗？
23. ：v. 拒绝，不接受，抛弃
搭配：reject an offer of help
a rejected suitor
辨析：reject 后只能接名词，并暗含对被拒绝的东西不屑一顾，看不起。
refuse 后接名词还可接不定式，不含感彩，所以表示谢绝时用refuse。必修5 Unit 1 Great Scientists 自学提纲
第一部分 词汇学习
编写:梁秀丽 审核:井学江
【学习目标】
了解词的构成;掌握重点词的用法.
【课前自学】
查字典,了解下列词的词性变化,并写出其正确形式.
1. character _________________(n.特征；特性) 2. paint _____________(n.画家；油漆匠)
3. science ________________(adj.科学的) _______________(n.科学家)
4. vi. 结束，推断出________________ n. 结论；结束 __________________
5. vt.分析________________; n.分析_________________; adj.分析的________________
6. n.物理______________; n.物理学家______________; adj.身体的________________;
n.内科医生______________
7. vt.暴露,揭露 ______________; (n.)___________________
8. vt.污染,弄脏_________________; ________________(n.)
9. vt.宣布，通告________________; ________________(n.); _________________n.播音员
10. vt. 命令，指示________________ n. 命令，指示，用法说明_________________
adj. 有教益的_________________
11. adj.有责任的,负责的 _______________; (adv.)_________________; (n.)____________
12.vt.建设,修建________________; n.___________________; adj.______________________
13. vt.捐献,贡献________________; n.______________________
14. create vt. ; ________________(n.); _________________(adj.)
15. adj.积极的,肯定的 _______________; (反义词)___________________
16. adj.热情的，热心的_________________ n. ____________________
【问题展示】
重点词汇学习.阅读并翻译下列句子,体会其用法的不同,并进行归纳总结.
conclude
The meeting concluded without an agreement.
He concluded his speech with some amusing remarks.
He concluded from the evidence that she was guilty.
You should think twice before making the decision. Don’t jump to conclusion.
He _______ the conclusion that the room must have been empty.
【拓展延伸】你知道“得出结论”有几种表达方式吗
_________________________________________________________________________
归纳: ___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
attend
He did not attend the meeting yesterday.
The school was attended almost entirely by local chidren.
There was no one to attend (on) him but Tina.
Who will attend ( to )the patient if you go out
I’ll attend to that problem later.
【拓展延伸】你知道“参加”有几种表达方式吗 他们有什么不同吗
___________________________________________________________________________
试辨别:
As he had to ______ the summer course, he didn’t go on a visit to Qingdao with his parents.
A. join B. attend C. take part D. join in
They had a quiet wedding ─only a few friends ______ it.
A. joined B. attended C. took part D. join in
cure
The medicine should cure you of your cold.
Parents try to cure their children of bad habits.
An effective cure for cancer has not yet been found.
归纳:_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
【拓展延伸】辨别treat/cure
The doctor _______ her cancer with a new medicine but didn’t _______ her.
The doctor ______ her broken leg now.
The doctor ______ the patient of his illness.
absorb
Clever children absorb knowledge easily.
Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into the body.
The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.
The writer was absorbed in his writing.
归纳:_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
suspect
She strongly suspected that her husband had been lying.
He’s suspected of murder.
He was suspected of giving false information.
Two suspects were arrested today in connection with the robbery.
The evidence against him was highly suspect.
归纳:_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
blame
He blamed his brother for breaking the window.
The driver was not to blame for the accident.
Don’t always put the blame for your failure on others.
You must bear/take the blame for the accident.
归纳: ______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________-
contribute
The writer personally contributed$10,000 to the earthquake fund.
He offered to contribute to the Red Cross.
She had contributed to a newspaper.
Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.
He made great contributions to the film industry.
归纳: ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
reject
The proposal was firmly rejected.
I’ve been rejected by all the universities I applied to.
【拓展延伸】辨别reject/refuse
Choose the good apples and _______ the bad ones.
He ________ any idea of reforming the system.
He ________ to make any changes.
【课堂检测】
1. ______ writing the article, Mrs. Curie even forgot her dinner.
A. Absorbed in B. Absorbing at C. Having absorbed by... D. To absorb in
2. The doctor telephoned to say that he couldn't ______the meeting because he had to ______ a patient.
A. come to; attend to B. attend; attend C. join; treat D . attend on; look after
3. The president ____ the new economic policy.
A announced B told C informed D promised
4. Before using the machine, you must ____ carefully to these instructions .
A join B join in C take part in D attend
5. This medicine will ____ him of his cough.
A recover B cure C treat D heal
6. To our surprise, the man, who was looked down upon by others in the past, is now ____
the whole project.
A beyond control B in control of C out of control D losing control of
7._______ the injures to his face and hands，he broke his left leg.
A. Beside B. Despite C. Apart from D. Because of
8. I feel it is your husband who _______ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame
【课后作业】
1. This new e _______________for the car works well.
2. She has a strong c_________________.
3. The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the s______________farming.
4. The doctor had my eyes e_____________for weakening.
5. The meeting c________________at eight o'clock.
6. They were d _______________ in their attempt(企图)to reach the top of the mountain.
7. The little brave girl e _________________ the crime(罪行)of the criminal(罪犯).
8. He was a____________________in the book.
9. He b ____________________ me for my negligence(疏忽大意).
10. I think you are too s_________________ on the boy.
11. He finished his work in a__________________(积极的) way.
12. We must try to _________________(分析)the causes of the strike.
13. He became____________________(狂热的) about classical music.
14. He has______________________(完成)the whole job already.
15. In the factory the workers______________(纺成线)wool into thread.
16. Be c_________________when you cross the street.
17. You should not r_________________the invitation from your old friend.
18. What is your v__________________on Chinese education
19. The police are watching the man's m_________________secretly.
20. The class needs a s__________________teacher.
21. Kindness is one of the prime minister's __________________(特征).
22. Britain_________________(议定) a trade agreement with China.
23. Don't ________________(暴露) your skin to the sun or you will be burned.
24. The ________________(贵重的) culture relics will be on show in Guangzhou Art Museum in October.
25. The famous Korean play actor got an________(热情的) reception in Hong Kong.
26. The most important thing is not to admit ________________(失败)-
27. Water and salt are _____________(吸收) into our blood stream everyday.
28. If a doctor or a medical treatment c__________someone's illness, they make the
people well again.
29. A v_________________is a kind of germ that can cause disease.
30. If you a_____________something, you consider it carefully or use some methods in order to fully understand it.
第二部分 Reading Ⅰ
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
编写：赵明依 审核；梁秀丽
【学习目标】
1.知识与能力：1）熟练掌握文中重点单词和短语，并了解重要句型的表达法。
2）运用略读和找读策略迅速获取信息,并能够精读文章获取信息和分析信息。
2. 过程与方法：查阅工具书 ---小组讨论 --- 合作探究 --- 分组展示 --- 巩固训练
3. 情感态度价值观： 通过了解John Snow 如何收集数据，分析数据，找到霍乱传播的原因并最终击败“霍乱王”的；学习科学发现的全过程及其严密性；学习描述性文体的基本写作框架。
【课前自学】
1. Finish the warming-up quiz on Page 1.
2. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1) The passage mainly tells us that ______________
A. the cause of cholera was polluted water.
B. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.
C. the source of all drinking water should be examined.
D. John Snow did some research and helped to defeat “King Cholera”
2) Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text
A. Because cholera caused many deaths.
B. Because it got its name from Queen Victoria.
C. Because cholera was the most deadly disease of its day.
D. Because it was defeated with the help of the king.
3) People thought that cholera spread _________ before John Snow’s research.
A. in the air B. by the birds C. in the water D. by the food
4) ____________ is the key help for John Snow’s discovery.
A. The government B. The woman moving away from Broad street
C. The water company D. The map made by himself
5) At last, “King Cholera” was controlled by ___________.
A. using medicines in hospitals B. driving patients out of the country
C. dealing with the polluted water D. getting rid of all kinds of pollution
3. Find out the following phrases in the text.
1) physical characteristic ________________; 2) _________________________ 提出一个理论
3) infectious disease ____________________; 4) _________________________ 得出结论
5) analyze the results ___________________; 6)__________________________ 暴露(…..)在……中
7) terrified people _____________________; 8) ___________________________ 最致命的疾病
9) _____________________把….吸收入….; 10) __________________________ 收集信息
11) _______________________决心干某事; 12) ___________________________一条珍贵的线索
13) __________________除..…之外还有…; 14) __________________________ 将…和…联系起来
15) _____________________叫某人送东西; 16) __________________________ 死于…
17) _______________________肯定地宣布; 18) __________________________ 被污染的水
19) ___________________阻止某人干某事; 20) ___________________________ 处理……
【问题展示】
1. The chart shows that each paragraph of the text explains John Snow’s stages in his research. Please read the text and find out the general idea of each paragraph and match the correct research stage with each paragraph. Discuss it in groups, and then report your answers.
Paragraph Stages General ideas
1 Find a problem The _________ of cholera
2 ____________________ The correct or possible theories
3 Think of a method __________ data on where people were ____ and _______ and where they got their water
4 __________________ Plot information on a _____ to find out where people _______ or ____________.
5 Analyze the results ______________ to see if that is the cause of the illness
6 __________________ Find other __________ to confirm his conclusion
7 Make a conclusion _________________________ was to ________ for the cause of the London cholera
2. Discuss the following questions.
1) What are the two theories explaining how cholera killed people
2) What evidence did John Snow gather to convince people that idea 2 was right
3) Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today
4) Can you tell me what style of the passage belongs to
5) Please list the three most important qualities that make a good scientist.
【拓展延伸】
1. Who put forward a theory about black holes
put forward 在句中的意思是：__________________
写出下列句中put forward的意思：
1) He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting. ________________
2) May I put your name forward as our monitor _____________________
3) You ought to put your watch forward ten minutes.____________________
*你还知道在下列句子中put 短语的意思吗？
1) Put away the tools after work, will you ________________
2) Don't put off till tomorrow what can be done today. ________________
3) Put out the fire before going to bed. ________________
4) We can put all of you up for the night. ________________
5) Warning notice is put up around the ruins. _______________
2. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
expose在句中是过去分词作____________,表示____________意为 _______________
总结下列句子中expose 的意思和用法：
1) Don’t expose your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.
2) Some flowers need to be exposed to sunlight everyday, so I set up a "sun bath."
3) I threatened to expose him to the police.
4) It is good to be exposed to different cultures.
总结：____________________________________________________________________________
完成下列句子：
1) We are going to talk about the problem ____________________________________.(discuss)
我们准备谈一谈上次会议上讨论的问题。
2) The student ____________________ (dress) is my daughter.
穿白衣服的学生是我女儿。
3) The books __________________________ (write) are popular with young people.
韩寒写的书很受年轻人欢迎。
3. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
当neither …nor 连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循_____________ 原则。
完成下列句子：
Neither I nor he ______ (have) seen the film.
还有哪些短语和句型与neither … nor 连接两个主语时遵循同样的主谓一致原则：
______________________________________________________________________________
在下列句子中neither 或nor 的意思为：
1) He doesn't go to school by bike. Neither / Nor do I.
(translation) _______________________________________________________
2) They didn't go to the park yesterday. Neither / Nor did we.
(translation) _______________________________________________________
完成下列句子：
If you don’t go, _______________.如果你不去，我也不去。
4. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
every time是__________,引导___________状语从句,意为________________
完成下列句子：
_________________________, I always think of the things happened between us.
每次见到他,我就想起发生在我们之间的事情.
除此之外，each time, any time, the first time, last time, next time， immediately, the moment, directly, instantly也可以和every time 一样，用作_____________ 词，引导______________状语从句。
完成下列句子：
1) ______________________________, (他第一次做实验时) he succeeded.
2) I will give the letter to him ________________________.我一见到他就把这封信给他.
5. 1) The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason.
2) To prevent this form happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
思考：在这两个句子中suggest 所跟的宾语从句中的谓语动词的形式有何不同？
__________________________________________________________________________________
完成下列句子：
1) He suggested that ______________________________________（会议延迟到下周举行）.
2) His work suggests that ___________________________________（他是一个细心的人）.
6. 1) In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
2) He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove he handle from the pump so that it could not be used.
1) 第一句中so … that 引导和第二句中so that 引导的是是否同一种状语从句？如果是，为______状语从句；如果不是，那分别为1) ___________ 状语从句； 2) ____________状语从句
2）在第二句中astonished 为___________ 分词作___________语；
remove …from 意思为_________________________________
7. It seemed the water was to blame.
在句子中be to blame 意思为：_____________________
比较：be to blame, be blamed for sth.
He was blamed for the failure in exam.
He was to blame for the accident.
8. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
1) look into 在句子中的意思为：________________;
2) polluted by … 为___________分词做__________ 语。
写出下列句子中look into 的意思：
1) I'll look into the library on the way home to borrow some books for my children．_______________
2) He promised me to look into the matter．____________________
*你知道下列句子中其它look 短语的意思吗？
1) The girls began to look through the photograph albums. _______________
2) Help the boy to look up the book in the catalogue. ______________
3) We'll look forward to hearing from you soon. ________________
9. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from tow other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
在本句中be linked to 的意思是：_____________________
总结下列句子中link的意思和用法：
1) Television stations around the world are linked by satellite.
2) Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.
3) Your career will always be closely linked to the amount of value you create in the marketplace.
总结：_____________________________________________________________________________
【课堂检测】
1. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been______completely. (2004全国卷Ⅱ)
　A. turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over
2. Before the war broke out, many people _______________in safe places possessions they could not take with them. (2004重庆)
　A. threw away B. put away C. gave away D. carried away
3. I have______all my papers but I still can’t find my notes. (2007全国卷Ⅱ)
　A. looked through B. looked for C. looked after D. looked out
4. The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now______the matter. （06湖北）
　A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over
5. We’re trying to ring you back, Bryan, but we think we______your number incorrectly. （2006浙江）
　A. looked up B. took down C. worked out D. brought about
6. It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children. （09江西卷30）
A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out
7. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but ______ of them came. （2004北京）
A. neither B. either C. none D. both
8. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _____.
A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was either D. either was I
9. _______homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.
A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little
10. The weather was _____ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.
A. really B. such C. too D. so
11. ___________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed
12. ---- Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her
---- Yes, I gave it to her ______________ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once
13. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one ___________.
A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed
14. ＿＿＿for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.
A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To Blame D. To be blame
15. _______ be sent to work there？
A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should
【课后作业】
1. Remember the important phrases and sentence structures learned in this part.
2. Recite the text.
第三部分Reading Ⅱ
编写：王真子 审核：赵明依
【学习目标】
1. 知识与能力：复习掌握倒装句型、虚拟语气、分词做状语、with的复合结构以及定语从句。
2. 过程与方法：自主学习，任务性阅读
3. 情感目标：了解科学家的人生以及在宗教盛行的时期，真理诞生是多么的不容易；培养学生对科学的热爱。
【课前自学】
What is the main idea of text 2
Copernicus worked out the theory that the moon was the center of the solar system.
Copernicus thought that the earth was the center of the solar system.
Copernicus worked out the theory that the sun was the center of the solar system.
Copernicus published his theory that the sun was the center of the solar system.
the theory before Copernicus’ theory
Copernicus’ theory
Why didn’t Copernicus publish his theory
He thought it wasn’t complete.
He was cautious and didn’t want to be attacked by the Christian Church.
His friends stopped him from doing so.
His body was becoming weaker and weaker.
问题展示】
Do you know the social and history background of the birth of Copernicus’ theory.(选作)
What is the driect link between Copernicus’ theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.（选作）
你学过哪几种倒装句型？
回顾学过的运用虚拟语气的情况？
现在分词可担当句子的哪些成分？
with + n./pron. + _______________________________________________构成复合结构？
【拓展延伸】
找出文中出现的短语
导致，引起_______________
讲得通，有意义_____________
有时______________
私下向某人展示____________
围绕，环绕________________
反对___________
以…为基础______________
be enthusiastic about _______________
be cautious of / about______________
be strict with sb.__________________
致力于_____________
be strict in sth. _______________
自己动手查一查
make 的相关短语
make for___________ make up_______________________ make uo for_____________
be made up of ____________ make the best/most of ___________ make fun of__________
make room for __________ make a difference______________ make a fire_____________
下定决心_____________ 制造噪音_____________ 谋生_____________
犯错误_______________ 弄明白，查清楚_______________
sense 的相关短语
have a sense of (humour /direction)____________
common sense____________ make sense______________ make sense of______________
There is no sense in doing sth.____________________
time的相关短语
at a time__________ at one time______________ at times______________
at no time___________ in no time_____________ on time________ in time____________
all the time________________ from time to time_____________
提前_______________
重点句型
1）_____ __ you put the sun there _____ the movements of the other planets in the sky _____ _____.只有把太阳放在那个位置，太空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
______ ___ a teacher gives permissin ____ a student allowed to enter the room.
只有得到老师的允许，学生才能进入这个房间。
只有，只要_____________
【注意】only引导状语或状语从句置于句首，主句要用部分倒装。
_______ ________ ___he find out that his watch was missing.就是在昨天他发现手表不见了。
就是靠努力工作她才取得成功。___________________________________________.
Only ______________(当战争结束时) in 1918 ____ he ________(be able to) get back to work.
【思考】But only his new theory could do that.此句为什么没用倒装？
【区分】if only ________，后使用虚拟语气。
If only I _________ see you tomorrow. 要是我明天能见到你就好了(与将来事实相反)。
If only I _____ not come home alone.要是我不是一个人回的家就好了.(和过去事实相反)。
If only I ________ a doctor.我要是个医生就好了(和现在事实相反)。
2）Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.
would have done 表示本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，用来说明某一情况。
I was busy that day. Otherwise I _____________ there with them.
否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。
I ____________ the work, but I have been ill. 我本来该完成这项工作的。
Without air, there ________ no living things. 如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。
【拓展】neeedn’t have done_____________
should / ought to have done______________ shouldn’t have done________________
could have done_____________
3）So between 1510and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.
gradually improving his theory在句中作________，improve 与主语he是_______关系，且分词动作与主句谓语动词同时发生。
He worked late into the night,________________.为老板准备一份报告。
Father wrote me a letter,_________________.鼓励我努力学习。
4）He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going around it and only the moon still going round the earth.
用with的复合结构完成下列句子：
He lay there with his eyes ______ (look) at the sky.
The thief was brought in with his hands ______(tie) back.
With all these mouth _________ (feed), he didn’t know what to do.
The teacher came in with some textbooks __________(拿着).
When he is eating, he doesn’t speak with his mouth ____________(满是) food.
He left with all the lights____(开着).
根据上面的句子，我们可知with的复合结构为with + n./pron. +_________________________.在句中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。
【练习】
________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (2000全国)
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
With a lot of difficult problems ________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (2002上海)
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
5）Yet Copernicus’ theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built.
on which引导的是_______从句，先行词是_________。介词+which / whom引导从句时，介词的选择需观察该介词和先行词之间是否存在正确的介宾搭配关系。
This is the village _______ _______ he was brought up.
I don’t believe the reason _______ _______ he was late.
This is the girl _____ ______ I share the same room.
【课堂检测】
1)—Come on ,please give me some ideas about the projects.
－Sorry. With so much work_________my mind .I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filling
2) With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
A. leaving B. left C. leave D. toleave
3) I live in the house with its door_________to the south.（这里with结构作定语）
A. facing B. faces C. faced D. being faced
4) You ___ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.
A. needn't have done B. must not have done
C. shouldn't have done D. can not have done
5) Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we ___ during the day.
A. must have done B. would have done C. should have done D. may have done
6) The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
7) The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom B. on whom C . with which D. with whom
8) This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
9) It __________ to chat online all day long. You’d better do something else.
A. makes no sense B. makes no difference C. makes sense D. makes difference
10)____________you eat the correct foods _________ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A. only if, will you B. only if, you will C. unless, will you D. unless, you will
11) What led you ______that he is a dependable man
A. believing B. to believe C. to believing D. believe
12)_________ I used to go mountain-climbing every summer.
A. At a time B. At one time C. At times D. At the same time
13)Don’t sit there _______ nothing, come and help me with the table.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
课后作业
背过本学案中4延伸拓展中的a和b部分中出现的短语及c部分中的五个重点句型。
自学语法部分并完成相应学案。
第四部分　语法
过去分词作定语和表语
编写：梁秀丽　审核：赵明依　　
一　过去分词作定语
1.单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之后，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句．试翻译：
My friend is a returned student. ________________________________________
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
__________________________________________________________________________
= 变为定语从句_______________________＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
2.与现在分词作定语的区别
过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系，或表示动作的完成(不及物动词的过去分词不表被动,仅表完成)；现在分词作定语则表示主动关系，或表示动作正在进行(有时表示经常性的动作或状态)．试翻译：
The question discussed was very important. __________________________________________
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 1982. __________________________
____________________________________________________________________
the risen sun ___________________ the rising sun ______________________
the fallen leaves _______________ the sleeping baby __________________
二　过去分词作表语
1.过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态．这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作．试比较：
The book is well written. ______________________________________
The book was written by a soldier. ___________________________________
2. 【拓展】你知道下列一组词在作定语和表语和定语时的区别吗？
　exciting/excited, interesting/interested, disappointing/disappointed, encouraging/encouraged, puzzling/puzzled, surprising/surprised, pleasing/pleased, confusing/confused, moving/moved, terrifying/terrified…
　试用正确形式填空：
　The news is __________ (excite).
Her __________ (excite) voice suggested that she was ___________ (excite).
When he heard the ________ (move) story, he was deeply __________ (move).
三　语法巩固练习
Ⅰ单项选择
His ability _____ in those years was praised by all.
A. shown B. was shown
C. showing D. be showing
2. Alice , hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to _____before the party.
A. get change B. get changing
C. get changed D. get to change
3. _____ English is different from _____English in many ways.
A. Spoken ; written B. Spoken ; writing
C. Speaking ; written D. Speak ; write
4. If a story is _____ , you’ll become _____ when you read it.
A. exciting ; excited B. exciting ; exciting
C. excited ; exciting D. excited ; excited
5. The flowers look even more _____ after the rain.
A. charm B. charming
C. charmed D. charmly
6. I was trying to get into the _____ bus.
A. crowd B. crowding
C. crowdy D. crowded
7. The _____ girl sat in the corner _____ .
A. frightening ; cried B. frightening ; crying
C. frightened ; crying D. frightened ; to cry
8. Don’t use the words , expressions , or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known
C. to be known D. known
9. The news sounds _____ .
A. encouraging B. encouraged
C. to be encouraged D. being encouraged
10. I often read the books _____ by the writer.
A. write B. wrote
C. writing D. written
Ⅱ根据汉语提示,用所给单词的适当形式填空
不要喝污染了的水,因为它有细菌.
Don’t drink ___________ ( pollute ) water , because it carries viruses.
我们决心尽快在这里建一座水库．
We are __________ ( determine ) to build a reservoir here in the shortest possible time.
一位写小说的年轻人昨天来给我们作报告了．
A young man ___________ ( write ) novels came to give us a speech yesterday.
4. 事情发生的太快，汤姆好像有点晕头转向的．
Things were happening much too quickly and Tom seemed ____________ ( confuse ).
５．有一只大狗拴在房外的篱笆上．
There is a big dog ____________ ( tie ) to a fence outside the house.
６．我希望此事立刻得到解决．
I should like this matter ____________ (settle ) immediately.
７．一旦出版，这本字典将会非常受欢迎
Once ______________ ( publish ) , this dictionary will be very popular.
８．他是我们敬爱的领袖．
He is our ______________ ( belove ) leader.
９．你认识坐在房间后面的那位妇女吗？
Do you know the woman _____________ ( sit ) at the end of the room
10．你会发现现在这些女孩不会轻易害怕的．
You’ll find that these girls don’t feel _____________( frighten) easily now.
第五部分 单元复习巩固
编写：刘 琳 审核：梁秀丽
一、词汇复习
1. scientific adj. ___________ → n.科学 ___________ → n.科学家 _________________
2. analyse v. _____________ → n. _______________
3. announce v. ____________ → n. _________________
4. instruct v. _____________ → n. _______________→ adj.有教育意义的；有启发性的______________
5. construction n. ____________ → v.建设；建造 _______________
6. conclude v. ____________ → n. 结论；结束 _________________
7. contribute v. _____________ → n. 贡献；捐献 ________________
8. enthusiastic adj. _______________ → n. 热心；热情 ________________
二、短语汇总
1. 了解；知道···的情况 _________________ 2. 提出 ____________________
3. 除···之外 ____________________ 4. 占（时间、空间等）开始 _________
5. 吸收进 _________________ 6. 对···负责 _____________________
7. draw a conclusion ____________________ 8. look into __________________
9. link…to… ___________________ 10. deal with __________________
11. make a face _________________ 12. make one’s way to ______________
13. make money _________________ 14. make room for _________________
15. make sence __________________ e to an end _________________
17. be strict with _________________ 18. lead to __________________
三、单词拼写
1. Urban inhabitants have to live with the _________（典型的，特有的）noises of cities.
2. The debate did not come to a c____________ until midnight.
3. I was very much pleased by your ___________ (分析) of the situation.
4. We are suffering from a s__________ shortage of fuel.
5. He __________ (要求命令) me to deliver it to a customer.
6. He is an engineer trained in highway c_____________.
7. Are you __________(确信的) that you saw him
8. The vote was completed. The chairman a_________ the result.
9. The boss is __________(小心谨慎的) about making promises.
10. I turned the h___________ and opened the door.
四、单项选择
1. ---- Do you know who _______ a theory about black holes
---- Yes, it is Stephen William Hawking.
A. put away B. put forward C. put down D. put on
2. When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely _______ a magazine.
A. absorbing in B. absorbing to C. absorbed in D. absorbed to
3. Windy days are __________ of March.
A. character B. chart C. chill D. characteristic
4. We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that ________ for their son’s bad performance at school.
A. are to blame B. is to be blamed C. are to be blamed D. is to blame
5. It doesn’t ________ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
A. sense B. make out C. make for D. make it
6. _______, I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying in your beautiful country.
A. To conclude B. To include C. In the conclussion D. As conclusion
7. _______, in the polluted air is dangerous for our health.
A. Exposing B. Exposed C. Being exposed D. To expose
8. In 1938, Hitler _______ war against Poland, which started the Second World War.
A. declared B. announced C. broadcasted D. advertised
9. He is easy to get along with, _______ that, he is a determined boy.
A. Apart from B. Beside C. Except D. In addition
10. ----- Does he often ask you for help
----- Oh, no, only ________.
A. all the time B. at one time C. at a time D. at times
11. Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited
12. The computer center, _____last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened
13. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____ by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
14. ---- How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers
---- The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand _____ by the customers.
A. to solving; making B. to solving; made C. to solve; making D. to solve; made
15. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known必修 5 Unit 1 Great scientists
核心单词
1. characteristic
n.特色；特性；典型
adj.特有的，表示特性的；典型的
Kindness is one of his characteristics.
和善是他的特性之一。
A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.
骆驼的一个特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。
He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. （2010·01·山东德州检测）
A. Characteristic B. character
C. Appearance D. temper
解析:选B。句意为：他证明自己是个真正的绅士，和别人一起工作的时候，他的性格总表现出最好的一面。character作名词时，表示“性格；特点”，一般是不可数名词；characteristic是可数名词，常用复数形式，表示“总的特点”。
易混辨析
character/characteristic
character n.性格，品质（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符
characteristic n. 特点，特征（用以区别于其他事物的）
高手过招
单项填空
2. defeat
vt.击败；打败；使（计划、希望）落空
Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0.
我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。
He was defeated in his plan.他的计划失败了。
易混辨析
defeat/conquer/overcome
三个词都含有“战胜”、“击败”的意思。
defeat指“赢得胜利”，尤其指军事上的胜利，如：defeat the enemy(打败敌人)。
conquer指“征服;战胜”,尤其指获得对人、物或感情的控制，如：conquer nature（征服自然）。
overcome指“战胜；压倒；克服”，尤其指“感情”，如：overcome difficulties（克服困难）。
defeat/beat/win
defeat, beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜,打败(对手)”,后接竞争对手。如：beat the competitor/the country/the team ...打败对手/国家/团队……
win也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward ...赢得比赛/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/奖赏……
高手过招
选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win） （原创）
①By not working hard enough you your own purpose.
②Some countries may be but can never be .
③Who is the drum
④He the first prize in the writing contest.
答案:①defeated ②defeated; conquered
③beating ④won
3. attend
v. 注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with；
出席；到场；照看；照料=take care=look after
常用结构：
attend school/college 上学/上大学
attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/出席会议
attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚礼/参加典礼
attendance n. 出席；出席的人数；伺候；照料
We’ll attend to the problem later. 稍后我们将关注这个问题。
Which doctor is attending you 哪个医生为你看病
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①他们在我们不在时管理事务。
②他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。
答案：①They attended our affairs during our absence.
②He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.
4. expose
vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光，常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等）；受到风险；使面临”。
常用结构：
expose sth./sb./oneself (to ...) 显露或暴露于……
be exposed to 暴露于……
Don’t expose it to the rain/wind.别让它被雨淋/风吹。
The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemy’s fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。
The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。
高手过招
用expose的适当形式填空（原创）
①In summer, the sun can be very harmful to your skin.
②The soil was washed away by the flood, bare rock.
答案: ① being exposed to ② exposing
5. cure
vt.&n. 治愈，治疗；常用于“cure sb. of ...”结构中。
The doctor cured her of a bad cold.医生治好了她的重感冒。
It is possible to cure the sickness.治愈这种疾病是可能的。
易混辨析
cure/treat/heal/recover
cure意为“治疗；治愈”，多用于指药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。
treat为日常用语，意为“治疗；医治”，指治疗病人的全过程或活动。
heal意为“治愈（伤口）；医治”，指治好外伤或烧伤后的部位，使伤口愈合，不用于指治疗感冒等疾病。
recover意为“痊愈,复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈了，常与from连用。
That pill cured my headache.那种药片治好了我的头疼。
That will cure him of his bad habits.那将改正他的坏习惯。
There are only two doctors to treat more than 50 patients.
只有两名医生来治疗50多个病人。
The wound on my arm has healed.我胳膊上的伤已痊愈了。
He’s now fully recovered from his bad cold.
他现在已完全从重感冒中康复了。
高手过招
完成句子 （原创）
①盘尼西林治好了他的肺炎。
Penicillin his pneumonia.
②事故后卡车司机的擦伤得到了治疗。
After the accident, the lorry driver for cuts and bruises.
③他手指上的伤口很快愈合了。
The cut on his finger quickly.
答案：①cured him of ②was treated ③healed
6. absorb
vt. 吸收；吸引；吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）；汲取，理解（知识等）；使全神贯注；吸引（注意等），后常接介词in/by；合并（公司等）；吞并；常接介词into；承受；经受。
联想拓展
absorbed adj. 精神集中的
absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的
absorb from sth. 从……中吸收
be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于
Cotton gloves absorb sweat. 棉手套吸汗。
So many good ideas! It’s too much for me to absorb all at once. 这么多好主意！我很难一下子完全吸收。
The old man was completely absorbed in the book.
老人全神贯注地读这本书。
The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city. 四周的小城镇已并入到这座城市中。
高手过招
完成句子 （原创）
①那个人因为看报纸太入神而撞到了墙上。 ，the man walked into a wall.
②他们聚精会神地看着电视里的表演，舍不得离开。
They were the show on television that they found it hard to pull away.
答案：①Deeply absorbed in the newspaper
②so deeply absorbed in watching
7. blame
vt.责备；谴责；归咎于
n.责怪；(过失、过错等)责任
常用结构：
blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而指责某人
blame sth. on sb. 因某事而指责某人
sb. be to blame for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事某人应受到谴责
The student blamed the teacher for his failure.
学生因失败而责怪老师。
The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday.
那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。
Who is to blame for the failure
谁该为这次的失败负责
温馨提示
be to blame 应负责(无被动形式)
高手过招
(1)单项填空
We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that for their son’s bad performance at school.
（2010·01·陕西西安检测）
A. are to blame B. is to be blamed
C. are to be blamed D. is to blame
（2）翻译句子
①看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了。 （原创）
②这件事谁也不能怨。
③他指责你玩忽职守。
解析： （1）选D。句意为：我们觉得对于孩子在学校里的不好表现，除了杰克的妻子外，杰克也有责任。be to blame是习惯表达方式，要用主动形式表示被动含义。且主语为Jack，故选D项。
(2) ①It seemed that the water was to blame for cholera. ②Nobody is to blame for it. ③He blames you for neglect of duty.
8. link
vt. 连接；联系
n. 环；连接；联系；纽带
常用结构：
link ...to/with 将……和……连接/联系起来
link up 连接起来
The highway links Shanghai to/with Beijing.
这条公路连接着上海和北京。
Your story links up with his.
你所说的和他所说的能联系起来。
A lot of links fitted together form a chain.
许多链环连在一起组成链条。
Old friends are a link with the past.
老朋友是连接往事的纽带。
易混辨析
join/connect/combine/unite
join指的是任何事物的直接连接，连接的程度可紧可松，含有“还能分开”之意。常用结构join ...to, join up。
connect指的是通过某种媒介物把事物连接起来，事物的特征还保持着，常表示与技术有关的连接以及火车、飞机等实行联运。常用结构connect ...with/to。
combine着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同的目的而结合在一起，结合后原来的部分可能仍不改变，但也可能失去其本性，常用结构combine ...with。
unite强调紧密地结合成一体，含极难分开之意,常用结构unite ...with。
Please join this pole to that one.
请把这根竿子和那根竿子接起来。
This flight connects with New York one.
这班飞机在纽约可接上另一趟航班。
We should combine theory with practice.
我们应该理论联系实际。
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。
②这些事件之间都有一些微妙的(subtly)联系。
答案： ①The two towns are linked by a railway.
②These events are all subtly linked together.
重点短语
9. put forward
提出(意见、建议)；推荐；提名；将表拨快
He put forward a better plan.
他提出了一个更好的计划。
Can I put you/your name forward for golf club secretary
我推荐你（提名让你）担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书好吗？
He puts forward several interesting plans.
他提出了几项令人感兴趣的计划。
It’s an explanation often put forward by our friend.
这是我们的朋友经常做出的解释。
联想拓展
put in 打断；插嘴；进港
put off 推迟；延期
put on 穿；上演
put away 放好
put down 写下
put on weight 发福；长胖
put out 生产；扑灭
put up 举起；张贴
put back 放回，送回
高手过招
（1）单项填空
At the meeting, he his plan. （原创）
A. looked forward to B. put forward
C. took forward D. came forward
（2）完成句子 （原创）
她正为选举制度改革提出一些建议。
She is some proposals for electoral reform.
解析:(1) 选B。句意为:在会议上,他提出了他的计划。put forward提出。
(2)putting forward
10. look into
调查；了解；研究；朝……里面看
联想拓展
look around/round/about 环顾四周
look after 照顾；照料
look back 回头看
look back to/upon/on 回顾；回想
look down upon 俯视；轻视
look for 寻求；寻找
look forward to 盼望
look on 旁观
look on/upon...as 把……看作
look out 往外看；注意；当心
look through 透过……看；浏览
look up 抬头看；查阅
温馨提示
look into与one’s face/eyes等连用，表示“注视”。
He looks into her face with great interest.
他饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸。
Let’s look into the problem together and figure out a way to solve it.让我们一起来研究这个问题，想出解决的办法。
高手过招
单项填空
①In other words I should not watch TV, or your shoulder at other people while we are talking together.（2010·01·江西上高检测）
A. look out B. look into
C. look at D. look over
②There was a fire in the hotel. The is now being looked .（2010·01·山西太原五中检测）
A. reason; through B. reason; into
C. cause; through D. cause; into
解析: ①选D。考查短语辨析。look out向外看；look into 调查；look at看；look over从……上看过去。
②选D。cause的意思是“起因”；look into的意思是“调查”。
11. apart from
除……之外；脱离开；此外
Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.
除了少数的几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师。
Apart from being too large, the trousers don’t suit me.
除了太长，这条裤子的款式也不适合我。
There can be no knowledge apart from practice.
没有知识能脱离实践。
易混辨析
apart from/except for/except/besides/but for/in addition to/except that
apart from表示“除……外（别无）”时相当于besides和except for,但apart from还有“除……以外（还）”之意。另外，apart from, except for都可用于句首，但except不能。
except“除……”（不包括其后的宾语），besides“除了……还”（包括其后的宾语）。另外，besides还可以作副词,表示“并且，而且”。
but for表示“如果不是由于……”之意（=If it were not for...或If it had not been for...）。
in addition to 相当于besides，表示“除……之外，还有”（包括除去内容在内）。
except that后面跟句子，用来表示理由或细节。
高手过招
（1）单项填空
English, the speaker also has a good command of Russian and French. （2010·01·河北石家庄检测）
A. Except B. Except for
C. Beside D. Apart from
（2）用apart from/except for/except/except that/besides填空 （原创）
①We go there every day Monday.
②He is a good man his bad temper.
③Your article is good there are some spelling mistakes.
④ the cost, it will take a lot of time.
⑤ that, everything goes well.
(1)解析:选D。 apart from相当于besides，意思是“除……外，还有……”。except表示“除……，不包括在内”，从后面的also看，应用besides或apart from。
(2)①except ②except for/apart from
③except that ④Apart from/Besides
⑤Apart from/Except for
12. make sense
讲得通；有道理；有意义(反义词组make no sense)
Your story doesn’t make sense to me.
你编的故事我听不明白。
It makes good sense to take good care of your health.
照顾好你的身体是明智的。
联想拓展
lose/recover one’s sense=be out of one’s sense
失去/恢复知觉;丧失/恢复理智
bring sb. to one’s sense 使某人苏醒过来
come to one’s sense 苏醒过来
make sense of 理解；明白
make no sense 没有道理；没有意义
in a/one sense 从某种意义来说
in all sense 从任何意义上说
in no sense 绝不是；绝非
There is no sense in doing sth.做某事没有道理。
高手过招
单项填空
①What he says makes no to her.
（2010·01·山东济南模块检测）
A. Care B. sense
C. Interest D. meaning
②The poem is hard to understand. Can you make of this poem （2010·01·辽宁大连检测）
A. Idea B. knowledge
C. Sense D. Understanding
解析: ①选B。make sense为固定搭配，意思是“起作用，有意义”。
②选C。make sense of sth.“理解或弄懂困难的或无法理解的事物”。另外，sense还可作动词，意为“意识到(某事物)；感觉到”。
重点句型
13. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
每次暴发（霍乱）时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。
本句是一个复合句，every time引导的是一个时间状语从句，意思是“每当……”，相当于“when”。另外，此状语从句中还有一个“there be”结构。So many thousands of terrified people died是主句。
联想拓展
类似的时间状语归纳：
each time每次；每当
at the time在那个时候；（当……）的时候
any/next/the first/the last time意为“任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次”。
the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等都可以引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
She went to see him directly she got the letter.
她一收到信就去看他了。
Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.
一吃完饭他就把收音机打开了。
She came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.她一听说发生了事故，就立刻赶到了现场。
The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。
高手过招
（1）单项填空
She said to me, “I’ll tell you the result of test I know it.” （2010·01·陕西师大附中检测）
A. Because B. the moment
C. After D. though
（2）同义句转换 （原创）
I gave Mary the money when I saw her.
I gave Mary the money I saw her.
解析： （1）选B。the moment意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。类似用法的连词还有: the minute/instant; instantly/immediately/directly等。
(2)the minute/the moment
14. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ...
他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转……
此句中“with+宾语+宾语补足语(v.?ing/v.?ed/to do/adj./adv./prep. phrases)”构成的复合结构在句中常用作状语，表示方式，原因或条件等。
With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest.在这位老人的带领下，我们开始向森林进发。
She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face.
她不停地奔跑，汗珠顺着脸颊流下来。
高手过招
翻译句子
①老师微笑着走进教室，身后跟着一群小朋友。
②随着考试的结束，我们的假期开始了。
答案：①With a group of children following, the teacher came into the classroom with smile.
②With the test finished, we began our holiday.Unit 1 Great scientists (知识点剖析)
单词·巧记·典句·考点
characteristic ［ ｒkt′rIstIk］ n.?特点，特征；特性
【巧记提示】 character(特征)+-istic(与……有关的)
【经典例句】 A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.
骆驼的特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。
【考点聚焦】 1）固定搭配：be characterisic of 表现了……的典型特色……
2)副词形式为characteristically，在英语中副词常用来修饰整个句子，如： Characteristically，she paid for everyone.
她按照她惯常的作法，为每一个人付了款。
3)切记characteristic表“特点”时，一般指与众不同的特征。
examine ［Iɡ′ｚ ｍIｎ］? v.?检查；诊察；考察；测验
【巧记提示】 exam(考试)+ine(字尾)
【经典例句】 The detective examined the place for clues.
侦探检查那个地方以获取线索。
【考点聚焦】 辨析examine,　inspect,　investigate 和observe：
examine 表“检查，调查”的一般用语；
inspect 表示“为搜寻过失或缺陷加以细查”；
investigate 表示“为求得案件等的事实而调查、研究”；
observe 表示“从旁观察”。
repeat ［rI′pi：ｔ］?n.?重复；重做；反复
【巧记提示】 repeat（重复）→report（报告）
【经典例句】 He repeated the poem again and again.
他把那首诗重复了一遍又一遍。
【考点聚焦】 固定搭配：repeat oneself 反复说（做）同样的事情，如：
History always repeats itself.历史总是重复自己。
defeat ［dI′fi：ｔ］?v.? & n.?打败；战胜
【巧记提示】 de-(使减少)+-feat(技艺)；词根为fact(做；使得)
【经典例句】 They were defeated in the football match.
他们在足球赛中输了。
【考点聚焦】 1）defeat，beat与win作“打败”解时的区别:
beat与defeat的宾语是“人”；defeat的宾语常指“敌人”，在“游戏或比赛”中则用beat；win后的宾语多用game，war，prize等词(注意win的宾语不能是人)。
2）作“打”之意时 beat，hit与strike的区别：
beat强调“连续地打”；hit表示“打一下”；而strike则表示“一次有力的打击”。
3)固定搭配：defeat sb./sth.；be defeated
attend ［′tend］ vt.　&vi.? 出席；参加；照顾；护理；注意；专心；留意
【巧记提示】 at-(加强，引申意义，=ad-，常缀于t字母前)+tend (照管；护理)
【经典例句】 Will you attend the wedding ceremony tomorrow
你要参加明天的结婚典礼吗？
我的记忆卡
记住attend的常见用法 attend(to sb./sth.)专心；仔细考虑 attend to sb./sth. 照顾，关照 attend sb. 照料、护理某人 attend sth. 参加（讲座、活动等）
expose ［Ik′spｚ］　v.? 暴露；揭露；使曝光
【巧记提示】 ex-(外面的，外部的)+pose(姿势)
【经典例句】 Don’t expose it to the rain/wind.
别让它雨淋/风吹。
【考点聚焦】 常用于be exposed to(暴露)结构。
cure ［ｋｊ］ n.& v.?治愈；痊愈治愈；治疗
【巧记提示】 一句话记单词：I am sure the pure girl’s wound will be cured.
我敢肯定这个纯洁的女孩的伤会被治愈的。
【经典例句】 That fatal disease cannot be cured.
那种致命的疾病治不好。
【考点聚焦】 1）辨析cure和treat：
cure意为“治愈”，侧重结果；可构成cure sb.　of sth.句型；
treat意为“治疗”，强调动作；常用treat sb.　for sth.结构。
2)辨析cure和heal：
cure 常指治疗疾病、痛苦,或革除恶习、弊害等；
heal 指治愈伤口尤其是灼伤,使愈合或恢复正常。
absorb ［ｂ′ｚｂ］ vt.? 吸收；吸引
【巧记提示】 ab-（［拉］从，自=from）+sorb(吸取，吸收)
【经典例句】 Black cloth absorbs light.
黑布吸收光线。
【考点聚焦】 固定搭配：
be absorbed in=put one’s heart into专注；聚精会神
absorb...into...吸收
valuable ［′v ljｂl］ ?adj?.贵重的；重要的
【巧记提示】 value(价值)+-able(形容词后缀)
【经典例句】 I’m sure my information is valuable.
我确信我的消息很有价值。
【考点聚焦】 辨析valuable，priceless，invaluable与precious：
valuable指任何“值钱的、可以带来巨额利润的、非常有用的”或“受人珍视的”东西；
priceless意为“无价的，贵重的”，用于加强语气、加深程度等情况；
invaluable意为“无法估价的”，不用于谈金钱，通常指品质；
precious指任何“昂贵的、贵重的”东西，尤其适用于失掉后无法补偿的东西。
blame ［bleIm］ v.责备；指责
【巧记提示】 blame（指责）→game（游戏）→flame（激情）
【经典例句】 The children were not to blame.
孩子们不应受到谴责。
【考点聚焦】 1）固定搭配：
blame sb.(for sth.)因……而指责某人
blame sth.on sb.归咎于
be to blame (主动表被动)应受责备
2）辨析blame和scold：
blame 包含责骂之意；
scold指唠唠叨叨的“数落”。
handle ［′h ｎｄｌ］ ?n.& ?v.把手，处理；操纵
【巧记提示】 hand(手)+-le(反复动作或物)
【经典例句】 Do you know how to handle the computer？
你知道怎样使用这台电脑吗？
【考点聚焦】 当handle意为“处理”时，相当于deal with。
instruct ［In′strkt］ ?v.?命令；指示；教导
【巧记提示】 in-（加强）+struct（结构）
【经典例句】 I was instructed to wait outside.
我得到指示在外面等候。
【考点聚焦】 辨析instruct, order, demand 和direct ：
instruct 指出正确的方式以教导；
order 意为“命令”；
demand 指强烈地“要求”；
direct 表示“指示；期望；服从”。
virus ［′vaIｒｓ］ ?n.? 病毒
【巧记提示】 virus（病毒）→virtue（功效）
【经典例句】 My computer is infected with some sort of viruses.
我的电脑中了病毒。
【考点聚焦】 辨析virus, poison和venom：
virus 尤指可感染的“病毒”；
poison 意为“毒；毒药”，指“毒”的一般用语；
venom 一般指蛇、蝎、蜂等分泌的“毒液”。
contribute ［ｋｎ′trIbju：ｔ］ ?v.? 捐献；贡献；捐助
【巧记提示】 con-（一起）+tribute（礼物）
【经典例句】 Have you contributed any money to that church
你有没有给那个教堂捐一些钱？
【考点聚焦】 固定搭配：contribute to 捐献；贡献
positive ［′pzItIv］ adj.? 积极的；肯定的；确实的
【巧记提示】 pos(摆好姿势，提出问题)+-itive(与做某事有……关系的，有……倾向的)【经典例句】 I am positive that I locked the front door.
我确定我把前门锁好了。
【考点聚焦】 1)作“确实”解时,同义词为：confident, sure, certain。
2)辨析positive, sure，certain和confident：
sure，certain和positive都是口语用词，比confident的语意更强。如：
It is certain that the world is not flat.地球当然不是平的。
confident意为“有把握；没有疑惑”。
backward ［′b kwｄ］ ?adv.?&?adj.?向后地；相反地；退后的
【巧记提示】 back(后)+-ward(向……地)
【经典例句】 The snake drew backward.
蛇缩了回去。
我的记忆卡
由ward构成的一些和方向有关的副词 forward向前　 　 　backward向后　 　 　upward向上　 　 　downward向下 inward向里　　　　outward向外　　　　　eastward向东　　　southward向南northward向北　　　westward向西
cautious ［′ｋｓ］ ?adj.?小心的；谨慎的
【巧记提示】 caut(警觉)+i+-ous(充满……的，具有……特性的)
【经典例句】 Davis is a cautious driver.
戴维斯是一个谨慎的驾驶员。
【考点聚焦】 固定搭配：be cautious of/about
短语·巧记·典句·考点
know about了解；知道；听说
【经典例句】 You can’t fool me，I know about your secret plan!
你骗不了我，我对你的秘密计划是有所了解的。
【考点聚焦】 辨析know,　know about与know of：
know 意为“(直接地)获知；熟悉”；
know about与know of 意为“(间接地)获知”。
put forward提出(意见、建议)；推荐；提名
【经典例句】 He put forward a better plan.
他提出了一个更好的计划。
【考点聚焦】
我的记忆卡
与put相关的其他短语 put in打断；插嘴，进港　　　　　　put off 推迟；延期put on 穿；上演　　　　　　　　　　put away 放好 put down写下　　　　　　　　　　　put on weight发福put out生产、扑灭
believe in信仰；信奉(真理、宗教、原则等)；相信；信任(某人的品质)。
【巧记提示】 believe(相信)+in（里面），发自内心的相信，自然是信任。
【经典例句】 The western people believe in God.
西方人信奉上帝。
【考点聚焦】
我的记忆卡
相关词believe及其常见用法 It is believed that...据信，…… sb./sth.be believed to do... 某人/某物被认为是……
look into调查，了解，研究；朝……里面看
【经典例句】 He looks into her face with great interest.
他饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸。
【考点聚焦】 与one’s face/eyes等连用，表示“注视”。
我的记书卡
和look组成的其他短语 look around/round/about环顾四周　　　　look after照顾；照料 look back回头看　　　　　　　　　　　　look back+to/upon/on回顾；回想 look down upon俯视；轻视　　　　　　　　look for寻求；寻找 look forward to盼望　　　　　　　　　　look on旁观 look on/upon...as把……看作　　　　　　look out往外看；注意；当心 look through透过……看；浏览　　　　　　look up抬头看；查看
in addition (to)此外；还
【经典例句】 We saw a Mickey Mouse cartoon in addition to the cowboy movie.
我们除了看西部牛仔片之外还看了一个米老鼠动画片。
【考点聚焦】 在写作文时，此结构在罗列平行观点时，类似于：what’s more；moreover。
take up占去(时间、空间)
【经典例句】 The table took up too much room.
那桌子占据太多的空间。
【考点聚焦】 take up亦可表示“从事(某工作)，养成(某习惯)”或“开始(某活动)”。
apart from 除……之外
【经典例句】 Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.
除了少数的几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师。
【考点聚焦】 1)from是介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词。
2)apart from也可以表示“脱离开”。如：
There can be no knowledge apart from practice.
没有知识能脱离实践。
lead to导致；引向；通往
【经典例句】 The road leads to the foot of the hill.
这条路通往山脚下。
【考点聚焦】 同义词（组）：as a result;　result in;　cause
link...to...把……与……连接；联系
【经典例句】 Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.
指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪行为。
【考点聚焦】 同义词组：connect...with...与……有联系
have something to do with...与……有关系
make sense讲得通；有道理
【经典例句】 Your story doesn’t make sense to me.
你编的故事我听不明白。
【考点聚焦】 如果想表示某人所说的话或提议，没道理、行不通。我们经常说：
It doesn’t make any sense.
at times有时；不时
【经典例句】 I do feel a little nervous at times.
我有时的确感到有点紧张。
我的记忆卡
与time相关的词组 at one time意为“一度；过去曾经”，用于一般过去时态； at a time意为“一次；每次；在某个时候”； at all times意为“一直；无论何时”，相当于at any time;　always。
句子·剖析·拓展
So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
每当（疾病）突发时，总有成千的人死去。
【剖析】 1）本句是一个复合句，every time引导的是一个时间状语从句，意思是“每当……”，相当于“when”。 另外，此状语从句中还有一个“there be”结构。
2）So many thousands of terrified people died是主句。
【拓展】 类似的时间状语归纳：
1)each time 每次；每当
2)at the time 在……时候
3)the first time 第一次
He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
他对两个关于霍乱为什么能致人于死地的理论感兴趣。
【剖析】 1）how 引导的特殊疑问句是宾语从句。
2）he got interestd in two theories explaining是主句。
3）主句是“主系表”结构：
get在此处为系动词，意为“变得；成为”，表示的是动态过程，get ill表示“患病；得病”。通常
be+形容词意为“病了；病着”，则表示静态，
【拓展】1）在英语中，陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句都可以在宾语从句中充当宾语。如：I don’t know what will happen in future.(由特殊疑问词引导)
I wonder whether he lives here.（由whether或if引导）
He told that he was very sad at that moment.（由that引导，that可以省略）
2）和系动词get组成的常见搭配有：
get lost(迷路)；get married(结婚)；get used to(习惯于)；get tired(累了)；get dressed(穿好衣服)；get angry(发怒)，等等。
Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有把太阳作为（太阳系）的中心，其他星球的运动才讲得通。
【剖析】 1）if 引导状语从句表“只有”。
2)only 放在句首用来加强语气。
3）以only引导的短语作状语或状语从句放在句首时，为了加强语气，句子需要部分倒装。如：?
Only by working hard can we succeed.
只有通过努力工作，我们才能取得成功。
【拓展】 1）only 后如果后续的不是状语时句子不倒装，切忌！如：
Only with him,　she can do it well.她只有和他合作，才能把它做得好。
2）倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种：全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前；部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。如：
Then came the chairman.（全部倒装）
Never have I seen such a performance.（部分倒装）
语法·剖析
分词的概念?
分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，主要起形容词和副词的作用，可以作定语、表语或是状语等。分词有两种，一种是现在分词，一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任的成分大体相同，主要是在“意思”上有主动和被动之分。过去分词一般有被动和完成两大特征。
过去分词的定语和表语功能
定语 表“完成”或“被动” boiled water开水　　　　　　fallen leaves落叶the risen sun升起的太阳　　selected apples 精选苹果spoken English英语口语　　　iced beer冰镇啤酒 cooked food熟食　　　　　　　fried chips炸土豆条
单个的过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词语之前(如上例)，也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。 Hurry up，there is only a little time left.快点，时间不多了。 If you wish everything changed，please say so.你如果希望改变一切，请说明。
过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。 Near the window，there is a bookshelf filledwith many books(=which is filled with many books).靠近窗户，有一个装满书的书架。 Her daughter，brought up by me(=who was broughtup by me)has begun to work now. 由我带大的她的女儿现在已经参加工作了。
当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感动了。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听到这个想法，他似乎很高兴。
过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一体。分词作表语表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示被动的动作。 My glasses are broken.我的眼镜碎了。(状态) My glasses were broken by my son. 我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。(动作) On the earth，70% of the surface is covered with water.地球表面70%是被水覆盖的。(状态) I was greatly surprised by a knock at the door. 敲门声使我大为吃惊。(动作)高二英语 Book 5 Unit 1能力训练题
一． 单项选择（15分）
1 ________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
A. Exposed B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed D. After being exposed
2 Many people agree that _______ knowledge of English is a must in ______
international trade today.
A. a ; 不填 B. the; an C. the; the D.不填; the
3 I feel it is your husband who _______ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
4 She set out soon after dark ________ home an hour later.
A. arriving B. to arrive C. having arrived D. and arrived
5 —You should have thanked her before you left.
—I meant _______, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.
A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing it
6 Though _______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
7. Don’t take things for granted. Even the best idea can _______________
A. turn out to be wrong B. be proved wrong
C. be turned out to be wrong D. prove wrongly
8. Only by imagining and creating ____ a difference.
A. can make B. you can make C. make D. can you make
9. This year’s National Day ____ in a practical way, which is reported in People’s Daily.
A. is to be observed B. observe C. observes D. is to observe
10. The element radium, ______ in the chemistry lab, gave off a faint blue light.
A. discovered B. to be discovered C. to discover D. discovering
11. The environmental problem ________ close attention and careful thought.
A. calls on B. calls for C. pays D. gives
12. It refers to something in the past ________ directly related ________ the present time.
A. when, with B. when, to C. that, with D. which, to
13.___ people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated
A. How B. Why C. What if D. Whether
14. What newspapers and other media have in common is that they do ________ simply record what happens.
A. rather than B. more than C. not more than D. no more than
15. Was it in the village ______ he was born ________ the talented journalist met the retired professor
A. that, where B. where, which C. which, where D. where, that
二．完形填空（40分）
I’d meant to go to Miros that day. I’d packed my bag and was ready. The motor-boat 16 in on time. The sky was cloudy, but the wind wasn’t too strong for the two-hour 17 . I stood at my window, staring at the boat. Then I lost 18 of her, an old light-house partly blocked my view of the harbor. A dozen passengers were 19 their way there. I was about to join them --- when a man’s face 20 at the light-house window.
This was strange, because the light-house had been empty, unused and 21 for thirty years. It was stranger still --- because I’d seen that 22 before. I couldn’t place it but it was, or had once been, familiar to me. I opened my window and 23 across.
“I know we’ve met before, but I can’t remember where.”
I 24 him to open his if he could and answer me. He did neither. The face behind the glass 25 motionless (静止). Seeing him more clearly now, I knew he was not looking at me. He seemed to be looking upwards, 26 the clouds. How well I’d known that face, sometime, somewhere!
I 27 again. “we met years ago. Was it in Athens in the 1950s I used to live in Plaka.”
He didn’t reply nor give any 28 that he’d heard. I went back further, to 29 I was in the navy. “Perhaps we met at sea during the war,” and that thought at once 30 him to mander Leftis! He was commander Leftis of course! How could I have forgotten I’d saved his life once. But surely he …
The motor-boat 31 her bell. I turned my eyes. The wind had risen, but she was pulling 32 .Laughing, I called, “Now I’ve missed her, and it’s your 33, Commander!”
As the boat drew away, the face at the window faded. 34 minute it was there. Looking up, I could see the whites of the eyes. The 35 minute it was gone.
Well, I didn’t rush to the light-house. I knew that Leftis was dead. He died at sea in 1963 or ’64. But there’s one other thing I ought to tell you: the motor-boat never reached Miros. It was lost in a storm, with all the passengers.
16. A. reached B. arrived C. went D. came
17. A. voyage B. crossing C. travel D. boating
18. A. sight B. way C. patience D. chances
19. A. searching B. finding C. making D. hurrying
20. A. placed B. existed C. occurred D. appeared
21. A. locked B. opened C. rebuilt D. chained
22. A. man B. face C. window D. light-house
23. A. jumped B. ran C. shouted D. screamed
24. A. expected B. hoped C. believed D. asked
25. A. became B. remained C. seemed D. grew
26. A. through B. after C. for D. at
27. A. persuaded B. repeated C. tried D. continued
28. A. suggestion B. answer C. sign D. action
29. A. when B. which C. where D. how
30. A. kept B. brought C. caused D. changed
31. A. beat B. rang C. turned on D. put on
32. A. up B. down C. in D. out
33. A. problem B. question C. duty D. fault
34. A. Each B. Every C. One D. Some
35. A. next B. rest C. other D. last
三．阅读理解（40分）
A
Thomas Edison was one of ten said to be the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of the history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be happy only because someone said he was a genius.“ There is no such thing as genius,” Edison said. He said that what people called genius was mostly hard work.
But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets. He tried to understand them; then, he tried to learn what could usefully be done with them.
Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people will do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking can give men enjoyment and pleasure.
Edison could not understand how anyone could be uninterested in life. As he loved to think, he also loved to work. On the day he became 75 years old, someone asked him what ideas he had about life. “Work,” he answered. “Discovering the secrets of nature and using them to make men happier.” He said he had enough inventions in his mind to give him another 100 years of work.
36. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. Edison invented the electric light.
B. Many other people have changed Edison’s life.
C. Edison has changed the life of many other people.
D. Few men in history can change other people’s life.
37. Edison thought ____________.
A. he could be happy if he was a genius
B. genius plays the most important part in one’s success
C. hard work could do better than genius
D. genius could do better than hard work
38. Edison was ____________.
A. very much interested in nature
B. interested in discovering the secrets of nature
C. interested in changing people’s ideas
D. uninterested in making people happier by discovering the secrets of nature
39. In Edison’s opinion, ____________.
A. thinking can supply people with enjoyment and pleasure as well as help
B. people’s successs lies mostly in genius
C. hard work is the second important thing in making people successful
D. there are few secrets for him to discover later
40. The last sentence in the passage most probably implies ____________.
A. life is too short for Edison to invent more for human beings
B. Edison made 100 inventions in his life
C. Edison was able to live and work for 100 years
D. People of his time were ready to give Edison another 100 years’ work
B
These are some signs that you can see on the roads of Great Britain.
Number one is a sign with the number thirty on it. When drivers see this sign they must not go at more than thirty miles an hour. We see this sign when we get to parts of the country where there are many houses and other buildings, for example, when we are getting near a town. Thirty miles an hour is the speed limit. Number two is sign for the end of the speed limit. We are out of the town now and may go at more than thirty miles an hour.
Number three is a sign that we are near a crossroads, that is, a place where two roads cross. We must drive carefully.
Number four is a sign that there is a bend in the road. Again, we must drive slowly and carefully.
Number five is a sign that there is a hill and number six is a sign that the roads get narrow. Drivers must go slowly and carefully.
Number seven has the word “school” on it. This is a sign that there is a school at the side of the a street or road. Perhaps there are children going to school or leaving school. So drivers must look carefully and go slowly until they are past the school building.
Number eight is a sign with the letter P on it. The letter P is for “parking.” A parking place is a place where drivers may leave their cars. If the driver of the a car wants to leave his car and go to the shops, he looks for this sign. Then he knows that he may leave his or her car there.
41. Who will most probably read the passage
A People who drive badly. B People who are learning to drive.
C People who drive well. D People who drive carelessly.
42. When a driver sees the sign number one, he must ____________.
A. always go at 30 miles an hour
B. go at more that 30 miles an hour
C. not go at more than 30 miles an hour
D. stop
43. A driver must drive carefully when he gets to ____________.
A. a bend B. a crossroads C. a narrow road D. all of them
44. If a driver wants to leaves his car and go to the shops, ____________.
A. he can leave his car anywhere
B. he can leave his car at the gate of any shop
C. he must look for the sign with the letter P on it
D. he can leave his car at the side of the street.
45.Find out the correct order of the signs according to the passage.
A. a, e, d, g, c, b, f, h B. f, e, d, b, h, c, g, a
C. g, c, b, h, f, a, e, d D. g, c, b, d, h, a, e, f
C
One night in February 1962, John H. Glenn. Jr., flew over Australia. The man in the Mercury(水星) capsule（宇宙飞行容器）was alone, but friendly voices reached him by radio. On the dark land 100 miles below, he saw a sprinkling of light. They marked the city of Perth, where people had turned on their lights as a greeting to him.
In Friendship7, Glenn radioed, “The lights show up very well. Thank for everybody for turning them on.” His capsule raced on to the east.
During his three orbits of the earth, Glenn could always reach one of eighteen tracking stations. Some of them were on ship at sea. Others were in the United States.
Many of the stations had been built with the help of other countries. These countries allowed Americans to bring in radio equipment and set it up. Without the help of such lands as Nigeria（尼日利亚）, Zanzibar（尚巴西，坦桑尼亚领土的一部分）, and Mexico, there would have been breaks in the worldwide radio network.
John H. Glenn. Jr., was the first America to orbit the earth. For his flight, the tracking network（跟踪网络） covered 60,000 route miles. Five hundred men worked in the stations along the route. Since his flight, the network has grown. Today, it covers more than 100,000 route miles and has about one hundred stations. One-third of these stations are outside of the United States.
46. This passage is mainly about ____________.
A talking to ships at sea around the world B breaks in the worldwide network
C the first American to orbit the earth D a satellite which fell into the ocean
47. From the passage we can see that ____________.
A. Friendship7 stopped in Perth, Australia
B. all tracking stations are inside the United States
C radio equipment is important in space flight
D. many people could see Glenn in his capsule when he made the flight
48. During his flight Glenn could always ____________.
A. see lights turned on on the ground B. reach ships at sea
C .reach one of the tracking stations D. arrive at Mercury in his Friendship7
49. Why did people in Perth turn on the lights
A. They wanted guide him to land. B. It was too dark for them to see in the room.
C. They wanted to see the Friendship7. D. They wanted to greet Glenn.
50. Which of the following is not true
A Countries must work together to track satellites.
B There are now about 70 tracking stations in the United States.
C The tracking network covers many more route miles now than before.
D Nobody has orbited the earth besides Glenn.
D
Tom Brennan was working in a Philadelphia office building when he noticed a black bag. The bag contained a book.
This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure-a 120-page diary kept 190 years ago by Deborah Logan, “ a woman who knew everybody in her day,” James Green, the librarian told the magazine American libraries.
Most of the diary is a record of nig events in Philadelphia. It also includes a description of British soldiers burning Washington, D.C. in the war of 1812. She decribes President James.
Madison on horseback as “perfectly shaking with fear.” during the troubled days. Geoge Washington, she writes, mistook her for the wife of a Frenchman, and praised her excellent English.
The adventure of the lost book began September4 when Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancestor(祖先) to the Library Company., which he and his wife considered to be the best home for the diary.
Green told American libraries he had the diary in his possession “about five minutes” when Luxmoore took it back because he promised to show it to one other person. On returning to his hotel after showing the precious book to Green, Luxmoore was shocked to realize that he had left it in the taxi.
Without any delay, Green began calling every taxi company in the city, with no luck. “ I’ve felt sick since then,” Luxmoore told the reporters.
According to Green, no one has yet learned how the diary came to the office building. Tom Brennan received a reward of $1,000, Philadelphia gained another treasure for its history, and Luxmoore told reporters “It’s wonderful news. I’m on the high.”
51. This article mainly tells about the story of ____________.
A. a lost diary B. Deborah Logan
C. Cory Luxmoore D. the Library Company
52. From the text, we learn that the diary is now owned by ____________.
A. Tom Brennan B. an unknown person
C. a Philadelphia magazine D. the Library Company
53. Philadelphia is thought to be the best home for the diary because ____________.
A. it was written in Philadelphia
B. it tells stories about Philadelphia
C. people in the city are interested in old buildings
D. the British and the Americans once fought in Philadelphia
54. Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the diary
a. Tom Brennan found the book in an office building.
b. The book was shown to James Green.
c. Cory Luxmoore arrived from England.
d. The book was left behind in a taxi.
A. a, b, c, d B. c, b, d, a C. a, c, d, b D. c, a, b, d
55. What did Cory Luxmoore mean when he said “I’m on the high.”
A. I am rich. B. I am famous. C. I am excited. D. I am lucky.
四 阅读表达（15分）
College Costs in the U. S.
A new report says the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased fourteen percent this year. This is the biggest increase in tuition (学费) in thirty years. But the study also found that the average student pays a lot less than the published costs of a college education, because of grants (补助金). And it points out that American students received a record amount of financial aid last year.
Students do not have to repay grants, unlike financial aid in the form of loans（贷款）. About half of American college students receive grants. This means that education costs differ from student to student.
The report is from the College Board. This is a non-profit membership group of schools and other educational organizations. One of its best-known jobs is to administer (管理) college entrance tests. The College Board says tuition at two-year public colleges rose at the same rate as four-year schools.
The College Board says the increases were mainly caused by cuts（削减）in state spending on education. But a congressman (议员) says colleges have increased their prices in both good and bad economic times. John Boehner of Ohio is chairman of the House Committee on Education and the Work force. He says colleges do not want to talk about their decisions to spend money to build things like rock-climbing walls.
The College Board collected information from four-thousand colleges and universities. It says the average total charge for students who live at a public college in their state is ten-thousand-six-hundred dollars. While tuition rose fourteen percent this year, housing and other costs increased at a lower rate.
At a private (私立) college, total charges are almost twenty-seven-thousand dollars. That is an increase of about six percent over last year.
David Ward is president of the American Council on Education. His group represents colleges and universities. Mr. Ward called the College Board findings bad news. But he says percentage increases in tuition do not tell the whole story. He says there was good news about grants and other student aid.
The College Board says financial aid for the last school year reached 105,000 million dollars. That amount was up sharply from the year before.
Answer the following questions according to the passage:
1. How much did the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increase this year according to the report.
_____________________________________________________________________
2. The students do not have to pay the financial aid in the form of loans, do they
_________________________________________________________________
3. What is one of the best jobs of the College Board
____________________________________________________ 4.How much are the total charges for a student at a private college
__________________________________________________
5 Why does Mr. Ward say percentage increases in tuition do not tell the whole story
_____________________________________________________________________
单词拼写（10分）
1) Mrs. White bought a pan with a long ________.
2) The pollution is so ________ that we have to take some measures to stop it.
3) He has a big nose that is a ________ of his family.
4) Water and salt are ________ into our blood stream every day.
5) If a doctor or a medical treatment ________ someone’s illness, they make the person well again. A ________ is a kind of germ that can cause disease.
6) I found the ___________________ ( 结论) of her study very exciting.
7) They often _____________________ ( 捐赠) food and clothing to the poor.
8) The scientist ________________ ( 分析) the milk and found that it contained too much water.
9) She is an e____________________ at teaching children.
作文（30分）
Shang Rongjie是我国盲人专用计算机方面的一位专家，请根据下面的提示，用英语叙述他的一些情况。
1. 他曾就读于国际关系学院（Institute of International Relations）,学习英文，1967年毕业，28岁时不幸眼睛失明。
2. 他现在在中国盲文出版社（the China Braille Publishing House）工作。出版社在北京西南部，从他的家到出版社，途中倒两次车。
3. 他酷爱阅读，但汉语布莱尔盲文（braille）印刷的书不多，于是收音机就成了他最好的伙伴。只要在家，他总是收听各种节目。
注意：1. 短文包括所有内容要点 2. 长度为80-140 个
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一单元测试题答案
Keys:
单选
1 C
2分析：A。一般情况knowledge是不可数名词，若表示“对……懂，对……有某种程度的了解”等特殊含义时，knowledge前可加不定冠词。
3分析：A。blame for sth.“为……负责任”。
4分析：D。arrived与set out是并列关系。
5分析：B。mean to do sth.打算做……, 答语中可省略动词不定式to后面的内容。
6分析：C。lacking money,作伴随状语。
7A 8 D 9A10 A11 B12 D 13 C 14B 15 D 16—20 DBACD
21—25 ABCAB 26—30 DCCAB 31—35 BDDCA 36—40 BCBAA
41—45 BCDCC 46—50 CCCDD 51—55 ADBBC
单词拼写1(handle) (severe) (characteristic) (absorbed) (cure) (virus)
阅读回答
61. The cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased fourteen percent this year according to the report.
62. Yes, they do.
63. One of its best-known jobs is to administer college entrance tests.
64.
65. At a private college, total charges are almost twenty-seven-thousand dollars.
66. Because there was good news about grants and other student aid.
Shong Rongjie is an expect in the field of special computers for the blind in our country. He studied English at the Institute of International Relations and graduated in 1967. He was blinded at the age of 28.
Shang is now working in the China Braille Publishing House. The publishing house is in the southwest of Beijing, which is two hours’ ride from his home. He walks to the bus stop at 6:30 in the morning and it is usually at about six o’clock in the evening that he arrives back home. On the way to the publishing house, he has to change buses twice.
He loves reading, but there is not much printed in Chinese braille. So radio is his best companion. He listens to all sorts of programmes day and night, whenever he is at home.Units1---2综合练习
I． 单项选择
1. Not everybody attending the meeting agreed to the suggestion ______ by the chairman.
A. put up B. put on C. put forward D. put out
2. The research group were determined to _____ the experiment until they could _______ a conclusion.
A. carry on; come to B. carry out; arrive at C. carry away; draw D. carry to; reach
3. ---Oh, doctor, The wound on my leg is infected.
---You really shouldn’t have left it _______ to the sun.
A. discovered B. exposed C. opened D. buried
4. There are many ways available to ______ cancer but up to now, no effective ways ______it have been invented.
A. cure; treat B. treat; cure of C. treat of; cure D. treat; cure
5. ---Who do you suspect _______ having stolen the wallet
---Hard to say
A. with B. for C. of D. about
6. It is human activities on the earth that are to _______ global warming.
A. be blamed for B. to blame for C. take charge of D. be responsible with
7. The Internet is such a wonderful invention that it _______ people across the work together, however apart they are.
A. connect B. relate C. join D. link
8. _______ the assignment said above, you have to write a 200-word composition on environment pollution.
A. In addition B. Apart from C. Except D. Other than
9. We should never forget those who _______ to the liberation of the Chinese people.
A. contributed B. referred C. gave away D. donated
10. You have to reorganize your article to make it _______.
A. understand B. represent C. make sense D. stand for
11. The old professor is very strict both______ himself and _____ his work.
A. in; with B. with; in C. with; for D. for; in
12. You have to be very ________ about making a comment on your students’ performance in school.
A. curious B. enthusiastic C. optimistic D. cautious
13. She appealed(上诉)to the high court against her sentence but her appeal was _______by the judges, saying that the sentence was fair and reasonable.
A. rejected B. refused C. replaced D. returned
14. Children should be taught to ______ their own problems if they can, which helps train their ability of problem solving.
A. give B . hand C. handle D. analyze
15. The island country, ________ more than 50 separate islands, is one of the top attractions for tourists around the world.
A. making up B. consisting of C. forming D. building up
16. The Southern States wanted to ______ from the Union, so the American Civil War ______.
A. get away with; broke up B. get away from; broke up
C. break away from; broke out D. break away from; was broken out
17. Their daughter was ______ the family, who went to Beijing University after graduation from middle school.
A. a credit to B. a honor to C. a memory of D. pride to
18. Studies have shown that if a student is neglected too long, he or she may make trouble on purpose in class to ______ the teacher’s attention.
A. call B. catch C. attract D. focus on
19. ---How careless you are! You have _____ the most important point in document.
A. left away B. left with C. left for D. left out
The two brothers look very much _______ in appearance but they seldom have ______ attitudes towards the same problems.
A. like; alike B. alike; like C. like; similar D. similar; alike
21. Intelligence _______what it takes to do anything well.
A. and hard work is B. plus hard work is C. other than hard work is D. along with hard work are
22. At the bottom of her heart, nobody can ________ of her father, who made what she is today.
A. take the place B. take place C. in instead D. replace
23. I once suffered mental depression and got close to ________ but fortunately a psychological adviser helped me pull through those hard days.
A. breaking up B. breaking down C. breaking away D. breaking off
24. You can come at your convenience. Everything ____ well ____ for your life and work here.
A. has; arranged B. has; organized C. has been; organized D. has been; arranged
25. What you are saying now is not _________ what you said last week.
A. in a agreement with B. fit in with C. consistent with D. similar with
II. 完形填空
Several years ago, while attending a communication course, I experienced a most unusual process. The instructor asked us to list ___26___ in our past that we felt ____27___ of, regretted, or incomplete about and read our lists aloud.
This seemed like a very ___28___ process, but there’ s always some ___29____soul in the crowd who will volunteer. The instructor then ___30___ that we find ways to ___31___ people, or take some action to right any wrong doings. I was seriously wondering how this could ever ___32___ my commun-ication.
Then the man next to me raised his hand and volunteered this story: “Making my _______33___, I remembered an incident from high school. I grew up in a small town. There was a Sheriff ___34____ of us kids liked. One night, my two buddies and I decided to play a ___35___ on him.
After drinking a few beers, we climbed the tall water tank in the middle of the town, and wrote on the tank in bright red paint: Sheriff Brown is a s.o.b. (畜生). The next day, almost the whole town saw our glorious ___36____. Within two hours, Sheriff Brown had us in his office. My friends told the truth but I lied. No one ___37___ found out.”
“Nearly 20 years later, Sheriff Brown’s name ___38____ on my list. I didn’t even know if he was still ___39____. Last weekend, I dialed the information in my hometown and found there was a Roger Brown still listed. I tried his number. After a few ___40___, I heard, “Hello ” I said, “Sheriff Brown ” Paused. “Yes.” “Well, this is Jimmy Calkins.”
“And I want you to know that I did it？”Paused. “I knew it!” he yelled back. We had a good laugh and a ___41___ discussion. His closing words were: “Jimmy, I always felt bad for you ___42___ your buddies got it off their chest, but you were carrying it ___43___ all these years. I want to thank you for calling me...for your sake.”
Jimmy inspired me to ___44___ all 101 items on my list within two years, and I always remember what I learned from the course: It’s never too late to ___45___the past wrongdoings.
26. A. something B. anything C. somebody D. anybody
27. A. ashamed B. afraid C. sure D. proud
28. A. private B. secret C. interesting D. funny
29. A. foolish B. polite C. simple D. brave
30. A. expected B. suggested C. ordered D. demanded
31. A. connect with B. depend on C. make apologize to D. get along with
32. A. improve B. continue C. realize D. keep
33. A. notes B. list C. plan D. stories
34. A. any B. most C. none D. all
35. A. part B. game C. trick D. record
36. A. view B. sign C. attention D. remark
37. A. also B. even C. still D. ever
38. A. appears B. considers C. presents D. remembers
39. A. angry B. happy C. doubtful D. alive
40. A. words B. rings C. repeats D. calls
41. A. cold B. plain C. nervous D. lively
42. A. in case B. so long as C. unless D. because
43. A. around B. out C. on D. away
44. A. build up B. make up C. clear up D. give up
45. A. regret B. forgive C. right D. punish
III. 阅读理解
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A desert is a beautiful land of silence and space. The sun shines, the wind blows, and time and space seem endless. Nothing is soft. The sand and rocks are hard, and many of the plants even have hard needles instead of leaves.
The size and location(分布) of the world’s deserts are always changing. Over millions of years, as climates change and mountains rise, new dry and wet areas develop. But within the last 100 yeas, deserts have been growing at a frightening speed. This is partly because of natural changes, but the greatest makers are humans.
Humans can make deserts, but humans can also prevent their growth. Algeria Mauritania is planting a similar wall around Nouakchott, the capital. Iran puts a thin covering of petroleum (石油) on sandy areas and plants trees. The oil keeps the water and small trees in the land, and men on motorcycles(摩托车) keep the sheep and goats away. The USSR and India are building long canals to bring water to desert areas.
46. In this passage, “needles” refers to _______.
A. small, thin pieces of steel. B. long, thin pieces of branches.
C. small pointed growth on the stem(茎) of a plant. D. small, thin pieces of sticks.
47. Which of the following is NOT true
A. The greatest desert makers are humans. B. There aren’t any living things in the deserts.
C. Deserts have been growing quickly. D. The size of the deserts is always changing.
48. People in some countries are fighting a battle against _______.
A. the growth of deserts B. the disappearance of desert plants
C. natural changes D. congenital climate
49. We can guess that Mauritania and Algeria belong to _______.
A. Asian countries 　　　　 B. American countries
C. European counties　　　 D. African countries
50. Choose the sentence which best gives the main idea of the passage.
A. The deserts of the world are always changing.
B. Man is to take measures to control the growth of the world’s deserts.
C. Deserts are lands of silence and space.
D. Deserts have grown at a fast pace in the past 10 years.
B
What makes one person more intelligent than another What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”
51. The words “intelligent” and “brilliant” in the first paragraph probably mean _______ while “dull” in the second paragraph means ________.
A. bright and splendid; slow in thinking and understanding B. pretty and handsome; ordinary-looking
C. great and important; common D. hopeful and helpful; careless　
52. According to the context we can guess that a genius is ________ while an idiot is ________.
A. a normal person; a funny person B. a strong person; a weak person
C. a highly intelligent person; a foolish or weak-minded person D. a famous person; an ordinary person　
53. A person ________ is more likely to become a genius.
A. whose parents are clever B. often thinking about difficult problems
C. often helped by his parents and teachers D. born with a good brain and putting it into active use　
54. It is better for parents ________.
A. to praise and encourage their children more often B. to be hard on their children
C. to leave their children alone with nothing to do D. to give their children as much help as possible　
55. Which of the following is NOT true according to the article
A. Parents play an important part in their children’s growth.
B. The less you use your mind the duller you may become.
C. Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.
D. What makes a person bright or stupid is still under discussion.
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Thousands of people began pouring into Pennsylvania from other states. They wanted to buy lottery tickets. The tickets cost only $0.9 each. But that small spending could bring them a reward of $90 million. 56_____________.
More than 87 million tickets were bought for the Pennsylvania lottery drawing. Those who bought tickets had to choose seven numbers from 1 to 80. The chance of winning was one in 9.6 million. 57_______. In the last few days before the drawing, tickets were selling at the unbelievable rate of 500 per second.
Experts say many people buy lottery tickets because they just want to have a piece of the action. 58________. It allows them to dream about wealth they’ll probably never have.
But many people believe lotteries are no better than legalized (合法化的)gambling. Some critics(批评家)note that most people who play are poor and may not be able to afford the tickets. There are also many addicts(成瘾者)who take the game seriously. 59________. Some clubs have been formed to help them kick the habit.
Politicians like lotteries because they provide money that would otherwise have to come from new taxes. 60________. But critics say this arrangement just allows states to legalize vice(恶习), under the name of social progress.
No matter whether you regard state lotteries right or not, you cannot refuse to accept their extreme popularity with many Americans.
A. But that little chance certainly didn’t affect ticket sales
B. That was the second largest lottery jackpot(积累奖金)in history
C. The profits from lotteries are usually used to pay for education or programs for senior citizens.
D. Others say the lottery is a stock market for poor people
E. They may pour their life savings into lottery tickets.
F. people like money but they want to get it illegally
G. money is very important for all of us
IV 短文改错:
At a party, it is quite normal of someone to have a short conversation with you and then go on to talking to other people! Don’t think they dislike you or they are impolite. It has the custom at many parties in Britain, particularly there people are standing up rather than sit down. Here are two ways of finishing conversation at a party. “Excuse me. I think I’ll go and get another drinking. See you later, perhaps ” “Oh. Excuse me. I’ve just seen Mary Jennings over here. I’ve got to discuss a meeting we are been having on Thursday. Would you excuse me for a moment ””
V 书面表达 （满分25分）
Man: Happy Earth Day!
Earth: Thank you, but only on April 22nd may people think of me!
上面是人类和地球的一个简短的对白，请根据对白，结合实际，以Making Every Day Earth Day 为题，写一篇短文。词数100左右。
提示：1、地球的现状和存在的问题；
2、人们在“地球日”这天用什么行动关爱地球；
3、号召人们把每一天都当作地球日，天天关爱地球。
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
1---2 单元综合练习
I. 单项选择
1—5 CABDC 6—10 BDBAC 11—15 BDACB 16—20 CACDB 21—25 BABDC
II 完形填空
26-30BAADB 31-35CABCC 36-40BDADB 41-45DDACC
III 阅读理解
46—50 CBADB 51—55 A C D AC 56—60 BADEC
IV 短文改错:
1. of→for 2. talking→talk 3. or后加that 4. has→is 5. there→where 6.sit---sitting
7. finishing后加a 8. drinking→drink 9. here→there 10. 去掉been
书面表达：
Making Every Day Earth Day
Now the earth is in bad condition. For example, in some places, the air and water pollution is so serious that it causes many deaths. At the same time, many animals and plants are in danger because of the destruction of their habitats.
Luckily, we human beings have realized the problem. On April 22nd, millions of people all over the world do something good for the earth. Some people have good daily habits which are friendly to the earth. Some clean up beaches and water, some pick up rubbish, others give speeches to call on more people to take action. But can we save the earth only by one day's work The future of our planet depends on our efforts. What we should do is to make every day Earth Day. Only by taking good care of it every day can we hope to live in harmony with nature.