人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 单元过关测试卷（含答案）
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新人教版 必修一Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 单元过关测试卷
(考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分)
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
一、单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. How about going to play ________ (羽毛球) with me tomorrow
2. Spectators were able to observe the football match in the ________ (体育场).
3. This year’s ________ (公开活动) consists of readings, lectures and workshops.
4. She ________ (主办) a party for 300 guests every year.
5. The white shirt was yellowed with ________ (汗水).
6. ________ (拳击) is a sport in which two people fight each other with their hands, while wearing very large thick gloves.
7. It is an ________ (荣幸) to work with her.
8. I ________ (假装) that things are really okay when they’re not.
9. We should never __________ (作弊) in exams.
10. Be __________ (乐观的) about your future and get on with living a normal life.
二、单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. Her humour and __________ (determine) encouraged us a lot.
2. He was out of job because of a physical __________ (injure).
3. Mother gave me the _________ (strong) to overcome any difficulty.
4. Bad management was a cause of the __________ (fail).
5. There is a speech ___________ (compete) in our school this Friday.
6. She has a ________ (stress) job as a saleswoman.
7. He was tall, with an ________ (athlete) build.
8. He was charming, cheerful, and __________ (grace) under pressure.
9. This year’s national college football _________ (champion) was won by Princeton.
10. I am working on my __________ (fit) and I will be ready in a couple of weeks.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 动物园需要更好的管理，而不是更多的钱。
The zoo needs better management _______________ more money.
2. 这条路太窄了，所以有时会发生交通堵塞。
The road is so narrow that there would be traffic jams _______________.
3. Mike不擅长田径运动。
Mike is not good at _______________.
4. 成年人应该为自己的孩子树立榜样。
Adults should _______________ for their children.
5. 即使失败十次，我也不会灰心。
I’ll never _______________ even if I should fail ten times.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are some apps you may find useful.
Mirror
It is like having a personal trainer in your home with you. The super smart screen is designed to look like a full-length mirror. It offers more than 20 types of workouts with classes ranging from 15 to 60 minutes and beginner to expert levels. Mirror requires special equipment that is separate from the membership fee.
Peloton
Even those who don’t like exercise know what Peloton is. Workouts available (可利用的) on the Peloton app go far beyond biking. But with so many Peloton diehard fans praising the app as one of the best cardio (健心运动) workouts out there, the cycling aspect deserves the spotlight. Peloton is community-based and offers the chance to bike with other members. Classes are fun to follow, led by famous instructors.
Fitbod
It builds custom (定制的) workouts based on your strength-training ability, past workouts, and available gym equipment. Each day you get a personalized fitness plan to help you get stronger. It is its advantage that attracts many diehard fans. Fitbod workouts focus on all your muscle groups in the classes. Fitbod is free to try, but if you want to unlock the unlimited workouts, you have to pay.
Tonal
It is designed for people who like the range of machines at the gym, but don’t like sharing them. It brings the whole gym set-up home, but it’s not cheap. Accessories (配件) like handles and a bench are sold separately. Instead of taking up a bunch of space in your garage or basement, Tonal provides everything including fitness classes in a touch-screen display.
1. Which app is best for cyclists
A. Fitbod. B. Tonal.
C. Mirror. D. Peloton.
2. What is special about Fitbod
A. It offers daily workout plans.
B. It can be used for free forever.
C. It has offline personal trainers.
D. It centers on weight loss programs.
3. What do the four apps have in common
A. They require customers to register.
B. They sell relevant equipment.
C. They give fitness classes online.
D. They can be used while working.
B
I was given the book Running on Faith written by Jason Lester as a birthday gift last month. After I started reading, I really couldn’t keep my eyes off it. It is always inspiring to read a story of someone who has gone through obstacles to reach his goals.
Jason Lester is a disabled (残疾的) extreme athlete. When he was twelve years old, a fast car ran a red light and hit him. Then he was sent to the hospital with twenty broken bones and a seriously injured arm. Jason had always wanted to become a famous baseball player, but at that time that dream was gone.
However, Jason loved sports and he still wanted to be a good athlete. He began running and taking part in the duathlon (铁人两项) in high school. Years later in 2004, he decided to start training for the triathlon (铁人三项), and has competed in many extreme races since then. In 2008, Jason became the first disabled athlete to complete the Ultraman (320 miles of biking, swimming and running), and it led him to win an ESPY award for Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009.
If you are in a bad situation and don’t know what to do now, Running on Faith is a good book for you. If you love running and want to reach some race goals, this book is good for you, too. Anyway, this book is worth reading for everyone who loves reading and wants to turn dreams into reality.
4. What does the underlined word “obstacles” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Arrangements. B. Worries.
C. Difficulties. D. Experiences.
5. What happened to Jason Lester when he was 12
A. He ran a red light and got injured.
B. He was seriously hurt in the accident.
C. He lost the courage to be an extreme athlete.
D. He decided to play baseball after the accident.
6. What made Jason Lester the Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009
A. Taking part in duathlons.
B. Training himself in running.
C. Competing in many extreme races.
D. Completing the Ultraman.
7. Why does the author write the last paragraph
A. To show how dreams can come true.
B. To explain why Running on Faith is popular.
C. To recommend reading Running on Faith.
D. To explore the way to be a good athlete.
C
The final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few meters of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer. The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. He died just after arriving.
The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896. At first the distance was 40 kilometers — the distance between Marathon and Athens. In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. The distance was 26 miles — about 42 kilometers. In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically (戏剧性地). When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the ground. Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared (宣布) the winner. Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.
In fact, you don’t have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon, as there are marathons in over sixty countries and hundreds of cities around the world today. One of the most famous marathons is in New York, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city’s five boroughs, and past New York’s famous landmarks. But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.
The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. But experts believe that most people — even people who are not particularly good at sport — can run a marathon, if they train for it.
8. When the leader came into the stadium, the crowd ________.
A. ran to his feet happily B. shouted with excitement
C. carried him to the line D. sang and danced
9. Which is true according to the passage
A. The name of the race comes from a battle in Greece.
B. The soldier who ran from Marathon to Athens won a gold medal.
C. The Marathon events in the Games have the same length all the time.
D. From 1908, the Marathon events are of the same length.
10. Who won the marathon in 1908
A. The American runner.
B. The leading runner.
C. The Greek winner.
D. The Italian soldier.
11. Which is the most special of the marathon events in the world
A. The Marathon in New York.
B. The Marathon in the Beijing Olympic Games.
C. The Great Wall Marathon.
D. The Marathon in London in 2012.
D
Schools in the UK are cutting down on time spent on PE lessons because of exam pressure (压力). Secondary school teachers said that older teenagers were especially likely to miss out, because the time spent on physical education for 14-16-year-olds had fallen in the past five years.
Teachers said that increased pressure to produce exam results was leading to children being pulled out of PE lessons. One in three said exam pressure was on the increase, and they said subjects such as English and Maths had been given more time at the cost of PE.
Almost all of the teachers from 487 schools said PE should be more valued for its advantages to young people. Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children’s mental health problems. Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be “short-sighted and dangerous”. He said, “It is worrying to hear that PE is being cut at a time when students are facing problems of stress and anxiety in increasing numbers. There’s a close relationship between mental and physical health.”
Tom Madders, director of campaigns at the charity YoungMinds, said, “Schools’ cutting down on physical education time because of exam pressure is worrying. Schools that value health also do better in study, so it makes sense to keep students in good health, rather than put them under more pressure.”
Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under great pressure because of a competitive job market. Ali Oliver, an expert, said, “PE is good for physical and mental health. So cutting down on physical education time is depriving young people of these advantages at a time when they need them most.”
12. What can we learn from the text
A. Schools that value health do worse in study.
B. Children in the UK have serious mental problems.
C. Many teachers don’t realize the importance of PE.
D. Good physical health is good for mental health.
13. What did Tom Madders think of schools’ cutting down on PE time
A. It keeps students in good health.
B. It helps reduce students’ exam pressure.
C. It worries the schools a lot.
D. It puts students under more pressure.
14. According to the text, the exam pressure is from _____.
A. parents’ expectations B. poor mental health
C. fierce competition for jobs D. schools’ requirements
15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. The Importance of Physical Education
B. Teachers’ Support for More PE Time
C. The Serious Problems of Education in the UK
D. Schools’ Cutting Down on PE Time for Exam Pressure
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How old is “old”
How old is “old” 1 Two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life then. At the turn of the 20th century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life span (长度) increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.
So, how old is old The answer is one you’ve heard many times, from all sorts of people. “You are as old (or young) as you feel!” The calendar (日历) simply tells you how many years you have lived. 2
Once an unknown author wrote, “ 3 Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by giving up their goals.”
4 Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging, said, “It upsets me when people say, ‘Gee, you look young for your age!’ What does that mean Is there some model that you’re supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85 You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80.”
There are many wrong ideas about aging. 5 Here are some of the more common ones. For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change.
A. Old is a point of view.
B. It’s extremely terrible to be grown old.
C. The answer has changed over the years.
D. Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.
E. Older people are stubborn, unable to change.
F. Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.
G. These ideas stereotype (固化) people on the basis of age.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As she waited at the edge of the ice for her music to start, Peggy took a quick look at her father standing nearby with a group of parents and teachers. He smiled at her. Then she 1 out at the audience, 2 to see her mother. These two, Alvert and Doris Fleming, had 3 all the way from California more than 2,000 miles away, to see their daughter compete in this sports meeting in Cleveland, Ohio.
The music 4 and Peggy moved onto the ice, letting the music 5 her along into her turns, and she began skating with much 6 in herself. The cold fear she always had in the
7 seconds before skating onto the ice was 8 . She was feeling the movement of the music and letting it carry her. She skated easily, 9 did some jumps, a final turn and her performance was finished.
The crowd loved it and cheered as she skated off the ice. “Nice job,” said one of the other
10 . It was the remark (评价) that 11 came after a free-skating performance. But what should the 12 say Standing beside her father, Peggy waited for the scoring (打分) to be finished. On all sides were other young skaters, some waiting 13 alone, others with a parent. Shortly before 10 o’clock the results were 14 . The new United States Women’s Figure Skating Champion was Peggy Fleming of Pasadena, 15 .
1. A. looked B. watched C. found D. stepped
2. A. failing B. looking C. refusing D. hoping
3. A. bicycled B. driven C. run D. walked
4. A. started B. played C. developed D. sang
5. A. allow B. set C. carry D. support
6. A. thought B. confidence C. success D. design
7. A. following B. last C. recent D. past
8. A. lost B. present C. strong D. gone
9. A. so B. or C. before D. then
10. A. skaters B. parents C. judges D. audience
11. A. always B. seldom C. again D. hardly
12. A. players B. audience C. judges D. parents
13. A. comfortably B. hurriedly C. happily D. anxiously
14. A. told B. informed C. announced D. reminded
15. A. England B. Cleveland C. Ohio D. California
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Winter Olympic Games are not just an opportunity for athletes to win medals and honour for their countries. Every four years, 1 Games also offer audiences a chance to get to know more about winter sports from around the world. The Winter Olympics may not have the large crowds and huge stars of 2 (it) summer sibling (兄弟), but they share the same Olympic spirit.
One of the 3 (popular) sports of the Winter Olympic Games is skiing. Skiers compete in the downhill and slalom (回转赛), and in the short and long cross-country ski races. Skiing was
4 (original) a sport played only in cold northern countries, but now athletes from all over the world compete in this sport, even those from countries 5 any snow!
Skaters compete with each other in speed races or in figure-skating (花样滑冰) events. The figure-skaters are generally considered 6 (be) the stars of the Winter Olympic Games. These ice princes and princesses are so graceful that it’s easy to forget that they are actually highly skilled 7 (athlete).
The skeleton 8 (name) after the shape of the metal sleds used in the 1890s, when the sport first started. It is a downhill sled race, usually on ice. This sport looks a little like the luge (无舵雪橇), 9 a person sits on the back of the sled with his or her feet forward, but the skeleton is a lot more exciting and dangerous than that. In the skeleton, a person lies on his or her stomach on the sled, with his or her head 10 (point) downhill!
八、写作（满分15分）
假如你是高一学生李华，你校即将成立体育社团（Sports Club），请用英语写一封邮件，告知国际班的交换生。要点如下：
1. 社团活动；
2. 参加社团的好处；
3. 欢迎参加社团。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案
一、1. badminton 2. stadium 3. event 4. hosts 5. sweat
6. Boxing 7. honour 8. pretend 9. cheat 10. positive
二、1. determination 2. injury 3. strength 4. failure 5. competition
6. stressful 7. athletic 8. graceful 9. championship 10. fitness
三、1. rather than
2. now and then
3. track and field
4. set an example
5. lose heart
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款可以健身的APP。
1. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的cyclists可定位到第三段第三、四句，根据句中的“the cycling aspect...offers the chance to bike with other members”可知，Peloton最适合骑行者。故选D。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Each day you get a personalized fitness plan to help you get stronger.”可知，A项符合题意。plan为原词复现，daily与Each day呼应。故选A。
3. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It offers...with classes ranging from...”，第三段最后一句“Classes are fun to follow...”，第四段第四句“Fitbod workouts focus on...in the classes.”和第五段最后一句中的“Tonal provides everything including fitness classes in a touch-screen display.”可知，这四个应用程序都提供健身课程，因为文章介绍的是应用程序，这些课程必定是线上的。故选C。
B篇
本文是一篇书评。文章讲述了作者在Jason Lester写的Running on Faith一书中了解到因为车祸造成残疾的Jason Lester通过坚持不懈的努力，最终成为一名优秀运动员的故事。
4. C 词义猜测题。根据下文可知，Jason Lester经历了重重困难实现了他的梦想，因此obstacle是“困难”的意思。故选C。
5. B 细节理解题。根据题干中的“when he was 12”可定位到第二段第二、三句，由此可知Jason在12岁时被一辆闯红灯的汽车撞了，断了20根骨头，胳膊严重受伤。B项中的“seriously hurt”与文中的“twenty broken bones and a seriously injured arm”呼应。故选B。
6. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的“the Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009”可定位到第三段最后一句。由最后一句可知，正是由于Jason Lester是第一个完成Ultraman项目的残疾选手，所以他才获得了ESPY award for Best Male Athlete with a Disability。故选D。
7. C 目的意图题。根据最后一段中的“Running on Faith is a good book for you”“this book is good for you”以及“this book is worth reading for everyone...”可以看出，作者写最后一段的目的是推荐读者阅读此书。故选C。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马拉松赛事的起源、变化以及一些比较著名赛事的相关情况。
8. B 细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知，当领头人跑进体育场时，人们会站起来，大声欢呼。故选B。
9. D 细节理解题。由第二段第三、五句可知，在1908年，马拉松比赛距离被改为大约42千米。故选D。
10. A 细节理解题。由第二段可知，领头的意大利人跑进体育场时，走错了路，倒在地上，官员们把他扶起来，并帮助他到达终点线，进入体育场的第二名是一名美国人。美国人进行了抗议，结果那位美国选手被宣布为获胜者。故选A。
11. C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句可知，最特别的马拉松是长城马拉松。故选C。
D篇
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课时间以及各界人士对此的态度和看法。
12. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mental health experts also warned that...children’s mental health problems.”和“There’s a close relationship between mental and physical health.”可知，身体健康对心理健康有好处。故选D。
13. D 推理判断题。根据题干中的Tom Madders可定位到第四段，根据他的话的最后一句可知，重视健康的学校在学习上也会做得很好，所以使学生保持良好的健康状况是有意义的，而不是让他们处于更多的压力之下，换言之，学校减少体育课时间的做法让学生处于更多的压力之下。故选D。
14. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句的“children are under great pressure because of a competitive job market”可知，考试的压力来自竞争激烈的就业市场，也就是对工作的竞争。故选C。
15. D 标题判断题。根据第一段中的“Schools in the UK are cutting down on time...exam pressure.”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课时间以及各界人士对此的态度和看法。所以D项“学校因考试压力而减少体育课时间”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
五、
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了到底多大才算是老年人，并总结出心态比实际年龄更重要这一观点。
1. C 根据后面的内容“Two hundred years ago, ... At the turn of the 20th century, ... In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.”可知，对于“老年”的定义，多年来一直在变。分析选项可知，C项“老年的定义这些年一直在变”最能总结概括这些内容。故选C。
2. D 根据上文“The calendar (日历) simply tells you how many years you have lived.”可知，日历只告诉你活了多少岁，再结合语境及分析选项可知，D项“身体告诉你，你生活得有多好”结构以及语意均符合语境。故选D。
3. F 根据下句“Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by giving up their goals.”可知“没有人因为活了许多年而变老，而是因为放弃了自己的目标慢慢变老的”。由此推知，青春不是你活了多久，而是一种精神状态。分析选项可知，F项符合题意。故选F。
4. A 本空是该段的中心句。根据后面的内容可知，年老还是年轻，取决于自己的观点。分析选项可知，A项“老是一种观点”符合题意。故选A。
5. G 根据“For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change.”可知，这些都是以年龄为评判标准的比较常见的看法。也就是说，对于年老这件事，许多都是人们固化的想法。分析选项可知，G项“这些基于年龄的观点固化了人们的想法”符合题意。故选G。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩Peggy参加滑冰比赛的经过，从紧张到放松，最后取得了胜利。
1. A 考查动词词义辨析。由语境及后面的状语“... to see her mother”可知，这里是说Peggy“看向”观众席，想看到母亲。look out“向外看”，watch out“小心”，find out“查清楚”，step out“出去”。故选A。
2. D 考查动词词义辨析。由语境可知，Peggy四处张望的目的就是“希望”看到她母亲。故选D。
3. B 考查动词词义辨析。由语境可知，这两人“驱车”2000多英里过来，就是为了观看女儿的比赛。故选B。
4. A 考查动词词义辨析。此处表示音乐“响起”。第一段首句已呈现过该说法，属于原词复现。故选A。
5. C 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“She was feeling the movement of the music and letting it carry her.”可知，这里是原词复现。故选C。
6. B 考查名词词义辨析。从其后面的状态来看，Peggy心中充满了“自信”。confidence“信心”。故选B。
7. B 考查形容词词义辨析。此处表示进入溜冰场之前的“最后”几秒钟。故选B。
8. D 考查形容词词义辨析。表示自然消失而不是人为丢失，应该用gone，而不用lost。故选D。
9. D 考查连词和副词词义辨析。then表示时间上的顺承。then“然后，之后”。故选D。
10. A 考查名词词义辨析。the other后接同类名词，故此处选skaters。故选A。
11. A 考查副词词义辨析。根据常识，自由滑冰运动员退场后，观众总是有一定的评价的。故选A。
12. C 考查名词词义辨析。选手关注的除了观众就应是“裁判”了。故选C。
13. D 考查副词词义辨析。等分数时的心情应是焦急的，故用anxiously。故选D。
14. C 考查动词词义辨析。表示宣布结果通常用announce。故选C。
15. D 考查名词词义辨析。上文中提到了父母从加利福尼亚开车过来，所以Peggy来自California。故选D。
七、
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3个冬奥会的比赛项目。
1. the 考查冠词。句意：每四年，冬季奥运会就会让观众有机会认识世界各地的冬季运动。分析子结构可知，Games是指冬奥会，所以前面要用定冠词修饰，表示特指。故填the。
2. its 考查代词。句意：冬季奥运会可能没有它的夏季兄弟——夏季奥运会那样拥挤的人群和大明星，但它们有着相同的奥林匹克精神。分析句子结构可知，这里需要形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词短语summer sibling，意思是“它的”。故填its。
3. most popular 考查形容词最高级。句意：冬奥会最受欢迎的运动之一就是滑雪。分析句子结构可知，前面有定冠词the，这里应用形容词最高级，表示“最受欢迎的”意思。固定搭配one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……的之一”的意思。故填most popular。
4. originally 考查副词。句意：滑雪最初是一项只在寒冷的北方国家进行的运动，但现在，来自世界各地的运动员都参加这项运动，甚至是一些运动员来自没有任何雪的国家。分析句子结构可知，这里需要副词作状语修饰系动词was，表示“最初地”的意思。故填originally。
5. without 考查介词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，这里需要介词without，表示“没有”的意思。故填without。
6. to be 考查固定搭配。句意：花样滑冰运动员通常被认为是冬季奥运会的明星。分析句子结构可知，这里考查固定搭be considered to be...，表示“被认为是……”的意思。故填to be。
7. athletes 考查名词复数。句意：这些冰王子和公主们是如此的优雅，以至于人们很容易忘记他们其实是技艺高超的运动员。分析句子结构可知，句子主语是they，指代上文的These ice princes and princesses，所以是指复数意义，名词athlete要用复数形式。故填athletes。
8. is named 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：钢架雪车（骨架雪车）的名字来源于19世纪90年代这项运动刚开始时使用的金属雪橇的形状。分析句子结构可知，这里考查句子的谓语动词，这句话是描述事实，所以用一般现在时；主语The skeleton和谓语动词name是被动的关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动结构；主语是单数形式，谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故填is named。
9. where 考查定语从句。句意：这项运动看起来有点像无舵雪橇，它是一个人坐在雪橇的后面，双脚向前的运动模式，但是钢架雪车比那更刺激和危险。分析句子结构可知，a person sits on the back of the sled with his or her feet forward是定语从句，先行词是the luge，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
10. pointing 考查非谓语动词。句意：在钢架雪车运动中，一个人趴在雪橇上，头朝下！分析句子结构可知，动作point是被修饰的词his or her head主动发出的动作，而且是和谓语lies同时发生的动作，所以用现在分词的一般式，做with复合结构中的宾补成分。故填pointing。
八、
Dear classmates,
I’m Li Hua. I am very glad to tell you that a sports club will be set up in our school. In the club we can take part in a variety of games and activities, such as football, basketball, running, swimming and so on.
As we know, sports play a very important role in our daily life. Through physical training, we can not only build up our bodies, but also learn from each other and make more friends. Besides, the club will offer us chances to relax ourselves. I’m sure we’ll enjoy a wonderful time together.
The sports club is open to all of you. You’re welcome to join in the club.
Yours,
Li Hua
(考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分)
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
一、单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. How about going to play ________ (羽毛球) with me tomorrow
2. Spectators were able to observe the football match in the ________ (体育场).
3. This year’s ________ (公开活动) consists of readings, lectures and workshops.
4. She ________ (主办) a party for 300 guests every year.
5. The white shirt was yellowed with ________ (汗水).
6. ________ (拳击) is a sport in which two people fight each other with their hands, while wearing very large thick gloves.
7. It is an ________ (荣幸) to work with her.
8. I ________ (假装) that things are really okay when they’re not.
9. We should never __________ (作弊) in exams.
10. Be __________ (乐观的) about your future and get on with living a normal life.
二、单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. Her humour and __________ (determine) encouraged us a lot.
2. He was out of job because of a physical __________ (injure).
3. Mother gave me the _________ (strong) to overcome any difficulty.
4. Bad management was a cause of the __________ (fail).
5. There is a speech ___________ (compete) in our school this Friday.
6. She has a ________ (stress) job as a saleswoman.
7. He was tall, with an ________ (athlete) build.
8. He was charming, cheerful, and __________ (grace) under pressure.
9. This year’s national college football _________ (champion) was won by Princeton.
10. I am working on my __________ (fit) and I will be ready in a couple of weeks.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 动物园需要更好的管理，而不是更多的钱。
The zoo needs better management _______________ more money.
2. 这条路太窄了，所以有时会发生交通堵塞。
The road is so narrow that there would be traffic jams _______________.
3. Mike不擅长田径运动。
Mike is not good at _______________.
4. 成年人应该为自己的孩子树立榜样。
Adults should _______________ for their children.
5. 即使失败十次，我也不会灰心。
I’ll never _______________ even if I should fail ten times.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are some apps you may find useful.
Mirror
It is like having a personal trainer in your home with you. The super smart screen is designed to look like a full-length mirror. It offers more than 20 types of workouts with classes ranging from 15 to 60 minutes and beginner to expert levels. Mirror requires special equipment that is separate from the membership fee.
Peloton
Even those who don’t like exercise know what Peloton is. Workouts available (可利用的) on the Peloton app go far beyond biking. But with so many Peloton diehard fans praising the app as one of the best cardio (健心运动) workouts out there, the cycling aspect deserves the spotlight. Peloton is community-based and offers the chance to bike with other members. Classes are fun to follow, led by famous instructors.
Fitbod
It builds custom (定制的) workouts based on your strength-training ability, past workouts, and available gym equipment. Each day you get a personalized fitness plan to help you get stronger. It is its advantage that attracts many diehard fans. Fitbod workouts focus on all your muscle groups in the classes. Fitbod is free to try, but if you want to unlock the unlimited workouts, you have to pay.
Tonal
It is designed for people who like the range of machines at the gym, but don’t like sharing them. It brings the whole gym set-up home, but it’s not cheap. Accessories (配件) like handles and a bench are sold separately. Instead of taking up a bunch of space in your garage or basement, Tonal provides everything including fitness classes in a touch-screen display.
1. Which app is best for cyclists
A. Fitbod. B. Tonal.
C. Mirror. D. Peloton.
2. What is special about Fitbod
A. It offers daily workout plans.
B. It can be used for free forever.
C. It has offline personal trainers.
D. It centers on weight loss programs.
3. What do the four apps have in common
A. They require customers to register.
B. They sell relevant equipment.
C. They give fitness classes online.
D. They can be used while working.
B
I was given the book Running on Faith written by Jason Lester as a birthday gift last month. After I started reading, I really couldn’t keep my eyes off it. It is always inspiring to read a story of someone who has gone through obstacles to reach his goals.
Jason Lester is a disabled (残疾的) extreme athlete. When he was twelve years old, a fast car ran a red light and hit him. Then he was sent to the hospital with twenty broken bones and a seriously injured arm. Jason had always wanted to become a famous baseball player, but at that time that dream was gone.
However, Jason loved sports and he still wanted to be a good athlete. He began running and taking part in the duathlon (铁人两项) in high school. Years later in 2004, he decided to start training for the triathlon (铁人三项), and has competed in many extreme races since then. In 2008, Jason became the first disabled athlete to complete the Ultraman (320 miles of biking, swimming and running), and it led him to win an ESPY award for Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009.
If you are in a bad situation and don’t know what to do now, Running on Faith is a good book for you. If you love running and want to reach some race goals, this book is good for you, too. Anyway, this book is worth reading for everyone who loves reading and wants to turn dreams into reality.
4. What does the underlined word “obstacles” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Arrangements. B. Worries.
C. Difficulties. D. Experiences.
5. What happened to Jason Lester when he was 12
A. He ran a red light and got injured.
B. He was seriously hurt in the accident.
C. He lost the courage to be an extreme athlete.
D. He decided to play baseball after the accident.
6. What made Jason Lester the Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009
A. Taking part in duathlons.
B. Training himself in running.
C. Competing in many extreme races.
D. Completing the Ultraman.
7. Why does the author write the last paragraph
A. To show how dreams can come true.
B. To explain why Running on Faith is popular.
C. To recommend reading Running on Faith.
D. To explore the way to be a good athlete.
C
The final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few meters of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer. The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. He died just after arriving.
The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896. At first the distance was 40 kilometers — the distance between Marathon and Athens. In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. The distance was 26 miles — about 42 kilometers. In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically (戏剧性地). When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the ground. Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared (宣布) the winner. Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.
In fact, you don’t have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon, as there are marathons in over sixty countries and hundreds of cities around the world today. One of the most famous marathons is in New York, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city’s five boroughs, and past New York’s famous landmarks. But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.
The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. But experts believe that most people — even people who are not particularly good at sport — can run a marathon, if they train for it.
8. When the leader came into the stadium, the crowd ________.
A. ran to his feet happily B. shouted with excitement
C. carried him to the line D. sang and danced
9. Which is true according to the passage
A. The name of the race comes from a battle in Greece.
B. The soldier who ran from Marathon to Athens won a gold medal.
C. The Marathon events in the Games have the same length all the time.
D. From 1908, the Marathon events are of the same length.
10. Who won the marathon in 1908
A. The American runner.
B. The leading runner.
C. The Greek winner.
D. The Italian soldier.
11. Which is the most special of the marathon events in the world
A. The Marathon in New York.
B. The Marathon in the Beijing Olympic Games.
C. The Great Wall Marathon.
D. The Marathon in London in 2012.
D
Schools in the UK are cutting down on time spent on PE lessons because of exam pressure (压力). Secondary school teachers said that older teenagers were especially likely to miss out, because the time spent on physical education for 14-16-year-olds had fallen in the past five years.
Teachers said that increased pressure to produce exam results was leading to children being pulled out of PE lessons. One in three said exam pressure was on the increase, and they said subjects such as English and Maths had been given more time at the cost of PE.
Almost all of the teachers from 487 schools said PE should be more valued for its advantages to young people. Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children’s mental health problems. Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be “short-sighted and dangerous”. He said, “It is worrying to hear that PE is being cut at a time when students are facing problems of stress and anxiety in increasing numbers. There’s a close relationship between mental and physical health.”
Tom Madders, director of campaigns at the charity YoungMinds, said, “Schools’ cutting down on physical education time because of exam pressure is worrying. Schools that value health also do better in study, so it makes sense to keep students in good health, rather than put them under more pressure.”
Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under great pressure because of a competitive job market. Ali Oliver, an expert, said, “PE is good for physical and mental health. So cutting down on physical education time is depriving young people of these advantages at a time when they need them most.”
12. What can we learn from the text
A. Schools that value health do worse in study.
B. Children in the UK have serious mental problems.
C. Many teachers don’t realize the importance of PE.
D. Good physical health is good for mental health.
13. What did Tom Madders think of schools’ cutting down on PE time
A. It keeps students in good health.
B. It helps reduce students’ exam pressure.
C. It worries the schools a lot.
D. It puts students under more pressure.
14. According to the text, the exam pressure is from _____.
A. parents’ expectations B. poor mental health
C. fierce competition for jobs D. schools’ requirements
15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. The Importance of Physical Education
B. Teachers’ Support for More PE Time
C. The Serious Problems of Education in the UK
D. Schools’ Cutting Down on PE Time for Exam Pressure
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How old is “old”
How old is “old” 1 Two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life then. At the turn of the 20th century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life span (长度) increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.
So, how old is old The answer is one you’ve heard many times, from all sorts of people. “You are as old (or young) as you feel!” The calendar (日历) simply tells you how many years you have lived. 2
Once an unknown author wrote, “ 3 Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by giving up their goals.”
4 Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging, said, “It upsets me when people say, ‘Gee, you look young for your age!’ What does that mean Is there some model that you’re supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85 You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80.”
There are many wrong ideas about aging. 5 Here are some of the more common ones. For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change.
A. Old is a point of view.
B. It’s extremely terrible to be grown old.
C. The answer has changed over the years.
D. Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.
E. Older people are stubborn, unable to change.
F. Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.
G. These ideas stereotype (固化) people on the basis of age.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As she waited at the edge of the ice for her music to start, Peggy took a quick look at her father standing nearby with a group of parents and teachers. He smiled at her. Then she 1 out at the audience, 2 to see her mother. These two, Alvert and Doris Fleming, had 3 all the way from California more than 2,000 miles away, to see their daughter compete in this sports meeting in Cleveland, Ohio.
The music 4 and Peggy moved onto the ice, letting the music 5 her along into her turns, and she began skating with much 6 in herself. The cold fear she always had in the
7 seconds before skating onto the ice was 8 . She was feeling the movement of the music and letting it carry her. She skated easily, 9 did some jumps, a final turn and her performance was finished.
The crowd loved it and cheered as she skated off the ice. “Nice job,” said one of the other
10 . It was the remark (评价) that 11 came after a free-skating performance. But what should the 12 say Standing beside her father, Peggy waited for the scoring (打分) to be finished. On all sides were other young skaters, some waiting 13 alone, others with a parent. Shortly before 10 o’clock the results were 14 . The new United States Women’s Figure Skating Champion was Peggy Fleming of Pasadena, 15 .
1. A. looked B. watched C. found D. stepped
2. A. failing B. looking C. refusing D. hoping
3. A. bicycled B. driven C. run D. walked
4. A. started B. played C. developed D. sang
5. A. allow B. set C. carry D. support
6. A. thought B. confidence C. success D. design
7. A. following B. last C. recent D. past
8. A. lost B. present C. strong D. gone
9. A. so B. or C. before D. then
10. A. skaters B. parents C. judges D. audience
11. A. always B. seldom C. again D. hardly
12. A. players B. audience C. judges D. parents
13. A. comfortably B. hurriedly C. happily D. anxiously
14. A. told B. informed C. announced D. reminded
15. A. England B. Cleveland C. Ohio D. California
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Winter Olympic Games are not just an opportunity for athletes to win medals and honour for their countries. Every four years, 1 Games also offer audiences a chance to get to know more about winter sports from around the world. The Winter Olympics may not have the large crowds and huge stars of 2 (it) summer sibling (兄弟), but they share the same Olympic spirit.
One of the 3 (popular) sports of the Winter Olympic Games is skiing. Skiers compete in the downhill and slalom (回转赛), and in the short and long cross-country ski races. Skiing was
4 (original) a sport played only in cold northern countries, but now athletes from all over the world compete in this sport, even those from countries 5 any snow!
Skaters compete with each other in speed races or in figure-skating (花样滑冰) events. The figure-skaters are generally considered 6 (be) the stars of the Winter Olympic Games. These ice princes and princesses are so graceful that it’s easy to forget that they are actually highly skilled 7 (athlete).
The skeleton 8 (name) after the shape of the metal sleds used in the 1890s, when the sport first started. It is a downhill sled race, usually on ice. This sport looks a little like the luge (无舵雪橇), 9 a person sits on the back of the sled with his or her feet forward, but the skeleton is a lot more exciting and dangerous than that. In the skeleton, a person lies on his or her stomach on the sled, with his or her head 10 (point) downhill!
八、写作（满分15分）
假如你是高一学生李华，你校即将成立体育社团（Sports Club），请用英语写一封邮件，告知国际班的交换生。要点如下：
1. 社团活动；
2. 参加社团的好处；
3. 欢迎参加社团。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、1. badminton 2. stadium 3. event 4. hosts 5. sweat
6. Boxing 7. honour 8. pretend 9. cheat 10. positive
二、1. determination 2. injury 3. strength 4. failure 5. competition
6. stressful 7. athletic 8. graceful 9. championship 10. fitness
三、1. rather than
2. now and then
3. track and field
4. set an example
5. lose heart
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款可以健身的APP。
1. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的cyclists可定位到第三段第三、四句，根据句中的“the cycling aspect...offers the chance to bike with other members”可知，Peloton最适合骑行者。故选D。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Each day you get a personalized fitness plan to help you get stronger.”可知，A项符合题意。plan为原词复现，daily与Each day呼应。故选A。
3. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It offers...with classes ranging from...”，第三段最后一句“Classes are fun to follow...”，第四段第四句“Fitbod workouts focus on...in the classes.”和第五段最后一句中的“Tonal provides everything including fitness classes in a touch-screen display.”可知，这四个应用程序都提供健身课程，因为文章介绍的是应用程序，这些课程必定是线上的。故选C。
B篇
本文是一篇书评。文章讲述了作者在Jason Lester写的Running on Faith一书中了解到因为车祸造成残疾的Jason Lester通过坚持不懈的努力，最终成为一名优秀运动员的故事。
4. C 词义猜测题。根据下文可知，Jason Lester经历了重重困难实现了他的梦想，因此obstacle是“困难”的意思。故选C。
5. B 细节理解题。根据题干中的“when he was 12”可定位到第二段第二、三句，由此可知Jason在12岁时被一辆闯红灯的汽车撞了，断了20根骨头，胳膊严重受伤。B项中的“seriously hurt”与文中的“twenty broken bones and a seriously injured arm”呼应。故选B。
6. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的“the Best Male Athlete with a Disability in 2009”可定位到第三段最后一句。由最后一句可知，正是由于Jason Lester是第一个完成Ultraman项目的残疾选手，所以他才获得了ESPY award for Best Male Athlete with a Disability。故选D。
7. C 目的意图题。根据最后一段中的“Running on Faith is a good book for you”“this book is good for you”以及“this book is worth reading for everyone...”可以看出，作者写最后一段的目的是推荐读者阅读此书。故选C。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马拉松赛事的起源、变化以及一些比较著名赛事的相关情况。
8. B 细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知，当领头人跑进体育场时，人们会站起来，大声欢呼。故选B。
9. D 细节理解题。由第二段第三、五句可知，在1908年，马拉松比赛距离被改为大约42千米。故选D。
10. A 细节理解题。由第二段可知，领头的意大利人跑进体育场时，走错了路，倒在地上，官员们把他扶起来，并帮助他到达终点线，进入体育场的第二名是一名美国人。美国人进行了抗议，结果那位美国选手被宣布为获胜者。故选A。
11. C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句可知，最特别的马拉松是长城马拉松。故选C。
D篇
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课时间以及各界人士对此的态度和看法。
12. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mental health experts also warned that...children’s mental health problems.”和“There’s a close relationship between mental and physical health.”可知，身体健康对心理健康有好处。故选D。
13. D 推理判断题。根据题干中的Tom Madders可定位到第四段，根据他的话的最后一句可知，重视健康的学校在学习上也会做得很好，所以使学生保持良好的健康状况是有意义的，而不是让他们处于更多的压力之下，换言之，学校减少体育课时间的做法让学生处于更多的压力之下。故选D。
14. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句的“children are under great pressure because of a competitive job market”可知，考试的压力来自竞争激烈的就业市场，也就是对工作的竞争。故选C。
15. D 标题判断题。根据第一段中的“Schools in the UK are cutting down on time...exam pressure.”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课时间以及各界人士对此的态度和看法。所以D项“学校因考试压力而减少体育课时间”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
五、
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了到底多大才算是老年人，并总结出心态比实际年龄更重要这一观点。
1. C 根据后面的内容“Two hundred years ago, ... At the turn of the 20th century, ... In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.”可知，对于“老年”的定义，多年来一直在变。分析选项可知，C项“老年的定义这些年一直在变”最能总结概括这些内容。故选C。
2. D 根据上文“The calendar (日历) simply tells you how many years you have lived.”可知，日历只告诉你活了多少岁，再结合语境及分析选项可知，D项“身体告诉你，你生活得有多好”结构以及语意均符合语境。故选D。
3. F 根据下句“Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by giving up their goals.”可知“没有人因为活了许多年而变老，而是因为放弃了自己的目标慢慢变老的”。由此推知，青春不是你活了多久，而是一种精神状态。分析选项可知，F项符合题意。故选F。
4. A 本空是该段的中心句。根据后面的内容可知，年老还是年轻，取决于自己的观点。分析选项可知，A项“老是一种观点”符合题意。故选A。
5. G 根据“For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change.”可知，这些都是以年龄为评判标准的比较常见的看法。也就是说，对于年老这件事，许多都是人们固化的想法。分析选项可知，G项“这些基于年龄的观点固化了人们的想法”符合题意。故选G。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩Peggy参加滑冰比赛的经过，从紧张到放松，最后取得了胜利。
1. A 考查动词词义辨析。由语境及后面的状语“... to see her mother”可知，这里是说Peggy“看向”观众席，想看到母亲。look out“向外看”，watch out“小心”，find out“查清楚”，step out“出去”。故选A。
2. D 考查动词词义辨析。由语境可知，Peggy四处张望的目的就是“希望”看到她母亲。故选D。
3. B 考查动词词义辨析。由语境可知，这两人“驱车”2000多英里过来，就是为了观看女儿的比赛。故选B。
4. A 考查动词词义辨析。此处表示音乐“响起”。第一段首句已呈现过该说法，属于原词复现。故选A。
5. C 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“She was feeling the movement of the music and letting it carry her.”可知，这里是原词复现。故选C。
6. B 考查名词词义辨析。从其后面的状态来看，Peggy心中充满了“自信”。confidence“信心”。故选B。
7. B 考查形容词词义辨析。此处表示进入溜冰场之前的“最后”几秒钟。故选B。
8. D 考查形容词词义辨析。表示自然消失而不是人为丢失，应该用gone，而不用lost。故选D。
9. D 考查连词和副词词义辨析。then表示时间上的顺承。then“然后，之后”。故选D。
10. A 考查名词词义辨析。the other后接同类名词，故此处选skaters。故选A。
11. A 考查副词词义辨析。根据常识，自由滑冰运动员退场后，观众总是有一定的评价的。故选A。
12. C 考查名词词义辨析。选手关注的除了观众就应是“裁判”了。故选C。
13. D 考查副词词义辨析。等分数时的心情应是焦急的，故用anxiously。故选D。
14. C 考查动词词义辨析。表示宣布结果通常用announce。故选C。
15. D 考查名词词义辨析。上文中提到了父母从加利福尼亚开车过来，所以Peggy来自California。故选D。
七、
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3个冬奥会的比赛项目。
1. the 考查冠词。句意：每四年，冬季奥运会就会让观众有机会认识世界各地的冬季运动。分析子结构可知，Games是指冬奥会，所以前面要用定冠词修饰，表示特指。故填the。
2. its 考查代词。句意：冬季奥运会可能没有它的夏季兄弟——夏季奥运会那样拥挤的人群和大明星，但它们有着相同的奥林匹克精神。分析句子结构可知，这里需要形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词短语summer sibling，意思是“它的”。故填its。
3. most popular 考查形容词最高级。句意：冬奥会最受欢迎的运动之一就是滑雪。分析句子结构可知，前面有定冠词the，这里应用形容词最高级，表示“最受欢迎的”意思。固定搭配one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……的之一”的意思。故填most popular。
4. originally 考查副词。句意：滑雪最初是一项只在寒冷的北方国家进行的运动，但现在，来自世界各地的运动员都参加这项运动，甚至是一些运动员来自没有任何雪的国家。分析句子结构可知，这里需要副词作状语修饰系动词was，表示“最初地”的意思。故填originally。
5. without 考查介词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，这里需要介词without，表示“没有”的意思。故填without。
6. to be 考查固定搭配。句意：花样滑冰运动员通常被认为是冬季奥运会的明星。分析句子结构可知，这里考查固定搭be considered to be...，表示“被认为是……”的意思。故填to be。
7. athletes 考查名词复数。句意：这些冰王子和公主们是如此的优雅，以至于人们很容易忘记他们其实是技艺高超的运动员。分析句子结构可知，句子主语是they，指代上文的These ice princes and princesses，所以是指复数意义，名词athlete要用复数形式。故填athletes。
8. is named 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：钢架雪车（骨架雪车）的名字来源于19世纪90年代这项运动刚开始时使用的金属雪橇的形状。分析句子结构可知，这里考查句子的谓语动词，这句话是描述事实，所以用一般现在时；主语The skeleton和谓语动词name是被动的关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动结构；主语是单数形式，谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故填is named。
9. where 考查定语从句。句意：这项运动看起来有点像无舵雪橇，它是一个人坐在雪橇的后面，双脚向前的运动模式，但是钢架雪车比那更刺激和危险。分析句子结构可知，a person sits on the back of the sled with his or her feet forward是定语从句，先行词是the luge，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
10. pointing 考查非谓语动词。句意：在钢架雪车运动中，一个人趴在雪橇上，头朝下！分析句子结构可知，动作point是被修饰的词his or her head主动发出的动作，而且是和谓语lies同时发生的动作，所以用现在分词的一般式，做with复合结构中的宾补成分。故填pointing。
八、
Dear classmates,
I’m Li Hua. I am very glad to tell you that a sports club will be set up in our school. In the club we can take part in a variety of games and activities, such as football, basketball, running, swimming and so on.
As we know, sports play a very important role in our daily life. Through physical training, we can not only build up our bodies, but also learn from each other and make more friends. Besides, the club will offer us chances to relax ourselves. I’m sure we’ll enjoy a wonderful time together.
The sports club is open to all of you. You’re welcome to join in the club.
Yours,
Li Hua