2023年高考英语复习——高三英语阅读理解专项练习（八）（四篇阅读题有答案）

2023年高考英语复习——高三英语阅读理解专项练习（八）
A
The proverb “Work is worship (热爱，崇拜)” emphasizes the importance of work in our life. It states that doing work must be the real worship of the life of every human being.
Human beings are considered the most important entity (独立存在体) in this universe because we are blessed with brains and intelligence. The brain provides the power to think and understand about different things in the world. We all have some purpose in our lives and doing work helps in achieving the purpose of our lives.
It is very important for all the students to understand the importance of work. This stage is very important in every person’s life. The habit that is developed at this age is continued till death. If the students learn to work in this stage they continue the same in future too. For the students, real worship is not the worshiping of god but doing their studies in a sincere way. They need to do regular studies with proper concentration every day.
The students who are attentive and do their work sincerely are rewarded with good marks while the lazy students who avoid doing their work suffer later in their lives. This is because there is no substitute (代替) for hard work. Hard working students grow up to became good citizens of society and the nation in future. Work teaches the students to be disciplined in their life.
Every day we hear of new inventions and achievements made by the people in the world. It could not be possible if the people would not have done their work sincerely. Our history is shining bright because of the great deeds of some great personalities. This is also because of the people who considered their work as worship and performed it honestly. Such people never ran away from doing work. They would not be able to make their names shine in history without hard work. Thus, it can be stated that every success has a big struggle and dedication behind it. People who worship their work can achieve great heights in their life.
“Work is worship.” is a popular quote to make people understand the importance of work in everyone’s life. The one who understands the importance of the work does it properly without thinking of the fruit. The fruit will surely be sweet if the effort is honest.
1. What makes us human beings outstanding in the universe
A. The importance of work. B. The blessing of God.
C. The purpose of life. D. The power of brain.
2. Why does the author emphasize the importance of work to students
A. Work prepares them for the future.
B. Work makes them more intelligent.
C. Work offers them more substitutes.
D. Work qualifies them for teaching jobs.
3. Why does the author talk about inventions in Paragraph 5
A. To make them known to the world.
B. To honor those great personalities.
C. To use them as supporting evidence.
D. To call on students to invent things.
4. What is the author’s real purpose of writing the text
A. To explain the quote “Work is worship”.
B. To encourage people to be hardworking.
C. To teach students to be disciplined it their life.
D. To analyse the reasons for those great successes.
B
A remarkable new study on how whales behaved when attacked by humans in the 19th century has implications for the way they react to changes caused by humans in the 2Ist century.
The paper is authored by Whitehead and Rendellt at Dalhousie University and their research addresses an age- -old question: if whales are so smart, why did they hang around to be killed The answer They didn't. Using newly digitised (数字化的) logbooks detailing the hunting of whales in the north Pacific, the authors discovered that within just a few years, the strike rate of the whalers’ harpoons(捕鲸者的鱼叉) fell by 58%. This simple fact leads to an astonishing conclusion: that information about what was happening to them was being collectively shared among the whales, who made vital changes to their behaviour. They learned quickly from their mistakes.
“Sperm whales have a traditional way of reacting to attacks from orca (杀人鲸),” notes Whitehead. Before humans, orca were their only predators (捕食者), against whom sperm whales form defensive circles, their powerful tills held outwards to keep predators at bay, “But such techniques just made it easier for the whalers to kill them,” says Whitehead.
Sperm whales are highly socialised animals, able to communicate over great distances. Information about the new dangers may have been passed on in the same way they share knowledge about feeding grounds. They also possess the largest brain on the planet. It is not hard to imagine that they understood what was happening to them.
The hunters themselves realised the whales’efforts to escape. They saw that the animals appeared to communicate the threat within their attacked groups. Abandoning their usual defensive formations, the whales swam upwind to escape the hunters, ships, themselves wind-powered.
Now, just as whales are beginning to recover from the industrial destruction by 20th-century whaling fleets, whose steamships and grenade harpoons no whale could escape from, they face new threats created by our technology. “They’re having to learn not to get hit by ships, cope with the depredations (劫掠) of long line fishing, the changing source of their food due to climate change,”Whitehead says. “The same sort of urgent social learning the animals experienced in the whale wars of two centuries ago is reflected in the way they negotiate today's uncertain world.”
5. What is the new study mainly about
A. Whales’ social lives. B. Whales’emotional intelligence.
C. Whale’reaction to climate changes. D. Whales’ behavior under human attack.
6. What caused whales to make changes to escape the hunters’ship
A. The wind in their favor. B. Their powerful physical strength.
C. The shared ship attack information. D. Their usual defensive formations.
7. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5
A. State possible reasons. B. Add background information.
C. Summarize the previous paragraphs. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
8. What's Whitehead’s attitude towards whales’ future survival
A. Pessimistic. B. Unclear. C. Cautious. D. Optimistic.
C
The Undergoing Welfare Reform
While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states -- at least in getting people off welfare. It's estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.
In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent -- twice the national average. For advocates for the poor, that's an indication that much more needs to be done.
"More people are getting jobs, but it's not making their lives any better," says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.
A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that last year, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.
But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.
"Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin that was poisoning the family," says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. "The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It's beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important."
Mr. Rector and others argued that once "the habit of dependency is cracked," then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.
9. Why don't people enjoy their lives better when they get jobs
A Because they are used to relying on welfare to make livings.
B. Because the cost of living is higher than before.
C. Because many families are not satisfied with their income.
D. Because their wages are very low.
10. From the passage we know that the reconstruction of is the core of the reform.
A. government aids B. work ethic
C. welfare funds D. moral awareness
11. From the example of the Athens Country, we know great efforts should be made for the poor to ________.
A. improve their living standards B. help them be employed
C. get them off welfare. D. increase their wage
12. From the passage, it can be inferred that the author .
A. is completely certain about the success of welfare reform
B. thinks that welfare reform has done little good for the poor
C. considers welfare reform successful on the whole
D. insists welfare reform has increased the government's burden
D
(2022.江苏如皋高三上期末)Social distancing is nothing new to honey bees. When a colony is infected with the deadly Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), bees are less likely to touch or feed their sick nest mates, according to a new study.
Not much is known about how bees act when infected with viruses. Adam Dolezal, an insect physiologist at the University of Illinois, who studies IAPV, teamed up with a computer scientist Tim Gernat, who had developed an automated system to monitor bee behavior. They identified a behavior called trophallaxis, in which honey bees feed their fellow workers by regurgitating (反刍) food from their bodies.
They put infected bees into their colony. After 5 days of recording, the team found that heathy bees were avoiding contact with the infected bees. The findings show how bee behavior in a real colony can prevent an infection.
But the virus appears to have an alarming counterattack (反攻): When sick bees try to enter a new colony, they do a better job of getting past the guards than uninfected bees. That has led the scientists to predict that the virus has developed a way to spread to new colonies.
Bee colonies are usually guarded by bees to keep foreigners out. Guards use their special organs in the head to detect a collection of chemical signals on the outside of their bees, which is used to identify them as members of the colony or foreigners.
As for why IAPV is so successful at tricking the guards, it might be that it changes the number of various chemical signals, which differed between the sick and healthy groups. This makes the guards more likely to misjudge and accept the infected bees. The sick bees were also gentler when challenged by guards and more likely to offer them food, and those behaviors may also help them spread the disease.
IAPV isn’t the only pathogen (病原体) bees can bring. If IAPV helps other pathogens spread, that could be a big problem for commercial beekeepers who pack colonies together for efficiency. “There’s very little you can do if you suspect a virus infection,” Dolezal says. Instead, they have got to increase the space between colonies.
13. What’s true about the colony with infected bees
A. Sick bees don’t feed healthy bees.
B. Infected bees were less likely to be fed.
C. IAPV made sick bees unable to share food.
D. Infected bees practiced distancing willingly.
14. What has puzzled scientists according to the fourth paragraph
A. The impacts of IAPV on colonies.
B. The connections between colonies.
C. The safe social distancing between bees.
D. IAPV’s ability to spread among colonies.
15. What is the last but one paragraph mainly about
A. How sick bees infect other bees.
B. How the virus confuses guard bees.
C. How sick bees get accepted by others.
D. How guard bees defend their colonies.
16. What can we infer from the text
A. IAPV controls bee behavior within a colony.
B. Bees first learned social distancing due to IAPV.
C. Distancing of colonies is needed to protect bees.
D. Beekeepers should learn to recognize infected bees.
答案：
A篇：【答案】. D A C B
B篇：【答案】D C A D
C篇：【答案】 D B A C
D篇：【答案】B D B C