(共29张PPT)
2023年广东省高考
英语听说考试备考策略
一、英语听说考试概述
二、考试注意事项
三、机评原理及各题型分析
四、英语听说教学建议
内容
提要
Outline
2009年 江苏省中考首次开展人机对话听力口语考试;
2011年 广东省高考将听力和口语考试合并为英语听说考试,计入高考总分;
2011年 广州市、深圳市开展中考英语听力口语考试,计入中考总分;
2015年 湖南省长沙市中考新增英语口语测试;
2016年 山东青岛市新增英语听说考试,计入中考总分;
2016年 上海市高考新增英语听说考试,计入高考总分;
2017年 北京市中考新增英语听说考试,计入中考总分;
2018年 湖南省常德市中考新增英语口语考试;娄底市、衡阳市公布新增口语考试;
2020年 湖北省宜昌市新增听力口语考试,记入中考总分;
2021年 北京市高考新增英语口语考试,计入高考总分;
全国中高考英语听说考试概况
全国每年超过400万人参加英语听说考试
2019年部分地区考试情况统计
以上省市均由科大讯飞提供考试系统和智能评分
高考 中考 地区 人数(万) 地区 人数(万)
广东省 68 江苏省 65
云南省 27.2 广州市 11
上海市 5 深圳市 9
湖北省 7 北京市 10
广西 6 长沙市 7.3
贵州省 5.5 衡阳市 9.8
天津市 4 娄底市 3.2
全国英语听说考试现状
英语听说人机对话听说考试流程
考 前
机考标准化考场建设
招考报名,考务管理
考 中
考试流程及学生状态监控
考试流程标准化管理
考 后
计算机智能评分系统
学情报告统计及分析
一、英语听说考试概述
二、考试注意事项
三、机评原理及各题型分析
四、英语听说教学建议
内容
提要
Outline
佩戴耳机:麦克风平行嘴巴 2CM
调节音量:音量不宜过低或过高,调好不再碰麦,防噪音干扰
若调音环节出现问题,应及时跟考官提出更换电脑的要求
一旦试音结束,不再有多余动作
考试注意事项:试音环节
考试注意事项:答题环节
允许一定限度的更改:读错后立即纠正有效,过了一两句之后纠正无效。
允许不同的发音方式:英式英语和美式英语均可识别,不影响得分。
允许同义词更换:同意表达不影响得分,但建议不要超纲(课标要求的3500个单词)
三允许
不抢答:等待“开始录音—滴”一声后1~2秒。
不拖延:作答时间充足,但不要拖延作答。
不要将作答时间误认为是准备时间。
不要答与答案无关内容,例如Thank you,that’s all.
四不
一、英语听说考试概述
二、考试注意事项
三、机评原理及各题型分析
四、英语听说教学建议
内容
提要
Outline
影响评分的特征主要可分为三类:语音的完整性;语音的音段质量;语法和语义。
机评原理 - 提取采分特征
通过语音转文字技术,实现语音完整性评测。
通过语音模型分析技术,实现对音段质量及韵律节奏的评测。
通过深度神经网络技术,实现对语法及语义的评测。
通过语音转文字技术
通过语音模型分析技术
通过深度神经网络技术
完整性特征
音段质量特征
语法、语义特征
通过人工智能技术对专家打分数据进行分析,算出每个特征权重:
举例:原文:I like dogs. (总分4分)
得分=满分 *(单词*0.75+语调*0.25)
建立评分公式
录音 专家打分 特征提取 评分公式
录音1
录音2
录音3
录音4
4
1
3
0
单词正确,语调正确
单词错误,语调正确
单词正确,语调错误
单词错误,语调错误
4=4*(1*0.75+1*0.25)
1=4*(0*0.75+1*0.25)
3=4*(1*0.75+0*0.25)
0=4*(0*0.75+0*0.25)
机评原理 - 计算采分特征权重值及评分公式
评分标准如何反拨备考?
以三种题型为例
模仿
朗读
故事
复述
角色
扮演
His father(s) is a worker(s).
I have no interest(ing).
----加音导致准确度扣分
I don’t thin(k) I can do i(t) at the momen(t).
I am not clever(er) than you.
----吞音导致准确度扣分严重,完整度也会失分
基于2016年至2018年三年累积的专家评分数据与学生的实际成绩数据,通过人工智能技术反算出广东高考英语听说考试三种不同题型的评分特征权重值。
模仿朗读采分特征权重表:
准确度失分点 流畅度失分点 完整度失分点
★★★ 加音 ★★★ 语调不正确 ★★★ 短语、句子未读完
★★★ 吞音 ★★★ 节奏不正确 ★★★ 漏词、跳词
★★★ 辅音不到位 ★★★ 未正确意群停顿 ★★ 吞音
★★★ 元音不饱满 ★★★ 未正确连读 ★★ 生难词卡顿
★★★ 重音错位 ★★★ 未正确失去爆破 ★★ 未正确失去爆破
★★ 未正确连读 ★★★ 生难词卡顿 ★ 未正确意群停顿
★★ 生难词卡顿 ★★ 未正确重读 ★ 辅音不到位
★ 短语、句子未读完 ★★ 重音错位 ★ 元音不饱满
★ 未正确意群停顿 ★ 元音不饱满
★ 未正确重读 ★ 辅音不到位
★ 漏词、跳词
★ 加音
例:
高分段学生画像:熟练掌握绝大多数单词发音,能够完整表达内容。准确度方面,发音较为清晰准确,少部分吞音;流畅度方面,语调节奏不佳,失分较大。
提分方向:侧重培养语言的流畅性,适当加入意群停顿、连读、语调等发音特征。
模仿朗读-高分学生画像
16.94分
A whale would be a huge prize for any meat-eating hunter, and these whales, trapped by the ice, are within reach of polar bears. Well aware of the danger, they stay in the deep water as long as they can, but they can only hold their breath for about 20 minutes. Catching a four-metre-long whale that weighs one tonne is no easy task, even if that whale is weakened by starvation. Day by day, as the hole gets bigger, it becomes increasingly difficult for the bear to land a whale. It may have taken a long time and a lot of patience, but a catch when it’s made brings abundant rewards.
模仿朗读 – 高分学生常见问题
失分点 例句
1. 连读 Well ︵ aware of the danger, they stay in the deep water as long as they can.
It may have taken︵a long time and a lot ︵ of patience, …
2. 停顿 but a catch when it’s made / brings abundant rewards.
3. 吞音 they stay in the deep water as long as they can, but they can only hold their
breath for about 20 minutes.
4. 发音不饱和 … and these whales, trapped by the ice, are within reach of polar bears.
… even if that whale is weakened by starvation.
中分段学生画像:熟悉大部分基础词汇,但对部分核心词汇的发音仍不准确,且模仿性较差,导致准确性失分较大。此外,缺乏连读、停顿、节奏等语篇发音技巧。
提分方向:熟练掌握考纲词汇发音,侧重培养跟读模仿能力,尤其是对生词的短时记忆和模仿;加强语篇朗读技能。
模仿朗读-中分段学生画像
14.1分
A whale would be a huge prize for any meat-eating hunter, and these whales, trapped by the ice, are within reach of polar bears. Well aware of the danger, they stay in the deep water as long as they can, but they can only hold their breath for about 20 minutes. Catching a four-metre-long whale that weighs one tonne is no easy task, even if that whale is weakened by starvation. Day by day, as the hole gets bigger, it becomes increasingly difficult for the bear to land a whale. It may have taken a long time and a lot of patience, but a catch when it’s made brings abundant rewards.
模仿朗读-低分段学生画像
4.23分
A whale would be a huge prize for any meat-eating hunter, and these whales, trapped by the ice, are within reach of polar bears. Well aware of the danger, they stay in the deep water as long as they can, but they can only hold their breath for about 20 minutes. Catching a four-metre-long whale that weighs one tonne is no easy task, even if that whale is weakened by starvation. Day by day, as the hole gets bigger, it becomes increasingly difficult for the bear to land a whale. It may have taken a long time and a lot of patience, but a catch when it’s made brings abundant rewards.
低分段学生画像:绝大部分词汇不认识,只能凭借字面猜测发音,勉强读完或胡乱读完。但准确性方面,几乎没有发音准确的地方或完整的句子。准确度和流畅度失分。
提分方向:练习基础单词的发音,模仿跟读,先确保能够按照文本读完文章;锻炼自然拼读能力。
角色扮演采分特征权重表
基于2016年至2018年三年累积的专家评分数据与学生的实际成绩数据,通过人工智能技术反算出广东高考英语听说考试三种不同题型的评分特征权重值。
How did you go there
—I by car go there.(语序错误)
—Yesterday. (信息抓取错误)
—I go there by car. (时态错误)
环节 语言维度失分点 信息维度失分点
“三问” ★★★ 疑问句型错误 ★★★ 疑问词后名词漏泽
★★★ 疑问词错误 ★★★ 频率词漏泽
★★★ 语序错误 ★★★ 选择疑问句选项漏泽
★★ 时态错误 ★★★ 修饰成分漏泽
★★ 人称和数错误
★★ 语法结构不完整
★ 频率词冗译
★ 语音错误
“五答” ★★ 时态错误 ★★★信息抓取错误
★★ 人称和数错误 ★★★信息抓取不足
★★ 语序错误 ★★语法错误导致语义偏差
★★ 语法结构不完整 ★★ 回答信息不完整
★ 语序错误 ★ 中文或胡说
三问常见易错点
跳舞和音乐就是她感兴趣的事情吗
参考答案:
Are dancing and music the things she is interested in
Is she interested in dancing and music
Do she have an interest in dancing and music
Does she take an interest in dancing and music
Does she show an interest in dancing and music
……
解题思路:
先确定句型 再确定疑问词 确保语法正确
2
1
3
分段 错误
低分 关键信息翻译错误
胡说/中文
中分 疑问句型错误
语法错误
高分 信息抓取正确
疑问句型正确
避免语法错误
五答常见易错点
Why does Catherine think Lily could be a vet
参考答案:
Because she is always looking after sick animals.
Because Lily is always looking after sick animals.
Catherine thinks so because Lily is always looking after
sick animals.
Because she’s always looking after sick animals.
Because she is always taking care of sick animals.
Because she’s always taking care of sick animals.
Because Lily is always taking care of sick animals.
……
分段 错误
低分 关键信息抓取不足
中分 关键信息抓取不准
语法错误影响语义
结构不完整
高分 信息抓取正确
发音正确
注意语法错误
3. 完整回答需要注意语法!
1. 简单回答的2个注意事项:
What are her roommates doing when Mary is reading
——Her roommates busy with their studies. (错误:语法结构不完整,缺少are)
① 完整的短语,而非只答关键词:
问:When did you go there
答:Two years ago.
② 切勿漏掉介词:
How do you go to school Where is the poor man
By bike/On foot. At the corner.
2. 不能简单回答的常见问题:
① Why引导询问原因:
问:Why was Tom late
答:Because he missed the school bus.
② What/How引导询问观点或状态:
问:What does Mary think of the book
答:She thinks it is very boring.
五答 - 注意事项
根据大数据的得分分析,在回答问题时推荐使用完整句回答!
故事复述特征权重表
基于2016年至2018年三年累积的专家评分数据与学生的实际成绩数据,通过人工智能技术反算出广东高考英语听说考试三种不同题型的评分特征权重值。
内容维度失分点 综合维度失分点 ★★★ 理解残缺导致采分信息点缺漏 语法 不正确 ★★★ 句子成分缺失或错误
★★★ 听记不当导致采分信息缺漏 ★★★ 句子使用错误
★★★ 单句信息不完整 ★★★ 语序错误
★★★ 信息抓错,违背原文 ★★ 时态语态错误
★★ 因表达含糊导致信息不清晰 ★★ 人称和数错误
语言 不流利 ★★★ 句子之间长时间卡顿
★★★ 句子表达卡顿
★★ 单词或短语卡顿
语音语调 不到位 ★★★ 语调不正确
★★ 单词发音错误或不标准
★★ 重读节奏不正确
原文:Ryan even helps some of the children learn to read.
考生复述:Ryan even learns to read.
(听记不当导致采分信息点缺漏)
故事复述 – 高分学生画像
22.94分
1. Every birthday since I was 12, I would receive a white daisy without knowing who the sender was.
2. After a while, I gave up finding the sender.
3. But I never stopped guessing who the sender might be.
4. My mother encouraged me and asked me if I had done special kindness for someone.
5. As a girl, I would think that it might be a boy I had run into.
6. My father died before my graduation, and I was too sad to do anything, including going to my upcoming graduation dance.
7. But my mother wouldn’t let me miss any of those things.
8. She told my brother and me that she wanted us to feel loved.
9. In truth, she wanted us to see ourselves much like the daisy.
10. My mother died when I was 22 and that was the year the daisy stopped coming.
高分段学生画像:能抓取并表达绝大多数信息要点,部分单词发音不准如delivered、would、includ(ing),存在少部分卡顿,存在部分语法问题。
故事复述 – 中低分学生画像
13.23分
1. Every birthday since I was 12, I would receive a white daisy without knowing who the sender was.
2. After a while, I gave up finding the sender.
3. But I never stopped guessing who the sender might be.
4. My mother encouraged me and asked me if I had done special kindness for someone.
5. As a girl, I would think that it might be a boy I had run into.
6. My father died before my graduation, and I was too sad to do anything, including going to my upcoming graduation dance.
7. But my mother wouldn’t let me miss any of those things.
8. She told my brother and me that she wanted us to feel loved.
9. In truth, she wanted us to see ourselves much like the daisy.
10. My mother died when I was 22 and that was the year the daisy stopped coming.
中低分段学生画像:较多信息要点缺失(红色部分),存在较多语法错误如every years/who are the sender等,描述时态错误,存在发音错误(划线部分)如graduation,die等。
故事复述 – 评分特点
影响得分最重要的三大因素:
1. 信息要点缺失
2. 人称时态混乱
3. 逻辑篇章结构混乱
故事复述 - 案例解剖
主记:主+谓+(时间/地点)
Tom lived village
He wanted most climb highest mountain
2. 化繁为简:复杂句 简单句
Uncle was mountain guide
Family stop climbing & working hotel
Tom lived in a small village. What he wanted most in the world was to climb the peak of the highest mountain. But Tom’s family, especially his uncle who was a mountain guide, wanted him to stop climbing and start working in a hotel.
故事复述 – 如何记录信息要点?
一、英语听说考试概述
二、考试注意事项
三、机评原理及各题型分析
四、英语听说教学建议
内容
提要
Outline
教学建议
1. 常态化的英语听说教学活动
3.进行常态化的训练
4.顺应机评原理培养学生良好的答题习惯
在日常教学中巩固学生的语篇朗读能力
基于新课标课程活动观训练学生的语言运用能力
随着练习次数增加,学生总体成绩呈现上升趋势
善于利用评价数据调整教学方向
避免因实操而导致的失分情况,尤其是零分情况
2. 选择准确的评分平台来辅助教学
基于高考评分引擎原理,选择平台时,应符合三大标准:1.及时反馈
2.语音评测
3.语义评测