牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit 3 Fit for life Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading(学案)

Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading
学习目标
1、学会本节单词、短语。
2、掌握本节句型表达与运用。
知识运用
1. affect
词性：_________ 意思：__________
be affected with… 感染……
be greatly/deeply affected by（感情上）被……极大地/深深地影响/触动
练习：The tornado(龙卷风) happened in 1925, ___________(affect) three states of the US.
2. identify
词性：_________ 意思：________
identify…as… 认出/证明/说明……是……
identify sth with sb/sth将某物等同于另一人/物；认为某物与某人/某物有密切关联
identify with sb/sth 认同某人/某物；和某人/某物有同感
identification n.身份证明（ID）；识别；鉴定
练习：The woman who was on passport control asked me if I had any further _________ (identify).
3. means
词性：_________ 意思：________
by all means一定；当然可以
by means of借助……手段；依靠……方法
by no means一点都不；决不（放在句首时，句子要倒装）
have the means to do sth. 有钱做某事
means表示“方式；方法；手段”时，若在句中为单数含义则视为单数，若在句中为复数含义则视为复数；表示“钱财；收入”时，只表示复数意义。
练习：I don't have the means _____________ (pay) for further education.
4. pace
词性：_________ 意思：________
词性：_________ 意思：________
the pace of...……的速度
keep pace with sth/sb与某物/某人步伐一致，并驾齐驱
at a... pace 以……的速度
练习：He'd only gone a few ____________ (pace) before he stopped again.
5. prohibit
词性：_________ 意思：__________
prohibit sb/sth from doing sth 禁止某人/某物做某事；阻止某人/某物做某事
prohibit (sb) doing sth 禁止（某人）做某事
prohibition n.(尤指通过法律的）禁止，阻止；禁令
练习：The environmental group is demanding a complete __________ (prohibit) against the hunting of whales.
6. debate
词性：_________ 意思：__________
debate (sth) with sb 与某人辩论/讨论（某事）
under debate 正在讨论中
have a lively/heated/fierce/violent debate(about/on/over sth) （就某事）进行激烈的辩论
be open to debate 有待商榷
练习：The bill is still __________ debate, but it's more likely to be vetoed (否决).
7. doubt
词性：_________ 意思：__________
have (one's/some) doubts 有疑问，有怀疑
no/without/beyond doubt无疑；很可能；确实
be in doubt不肯定的；没把握的
There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt about/whether… 对（是否）……有一些疑问/不确定
doubt whether/if… 怀疑是否……
doubt that... 怀疑……
练习：There is some doubt _________ the concert will be held as the company intends to redecorate the stadium next week.
阅读探究
阅读文章，回答下列问题。
1. What information does our personal genome carry
2. How can geneticists make changes to the genome
3. How might genome editing make it possible to prevent diseases from developing
4. What is a "designer baby"
5. What does the lecturer compare uncontrolled genome editing to
句型梳理
1. Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game-changing as genome editing.
在我的职业生涯中，我见证了许多了不起的科学发展，但没有一个能像基因组编辑那样具有颠覆性。
语法： “否定词+比较级（+than）”结构表示最高级含义
否定词not，never，nothing，no等与形容词或副词的比较级连用时，表达最高级含义。
The news couldn't have come at a better time.这消息来得再及时不过了。
Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been more popular.
布莱克先生非常高兴，因为他工厂里生产的衣服从未如此受人欢迎。
She likes nothing better than a nice walk along the beach.
她最喜欢沿着海滩愉快地散步。
2. We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running wild.
我们必须想办法防止技术失控。
语法：“疑问词+不定式”结构
疑问代词（who，what，which等）、疑问副词（when，where，how等）及whether后跟不定式，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构，可以在句中作主语、宾语（一般用在tell，understand，explain，advise，discuss等后面）、表语、同位语等。
We don't know what to do with such a difficult problem. Could you tell us how we deal with it
我们不知道如何处理这样一个难题。你能告诉我们怎么处理吗？
Where to go tomorrow has not been decided. 明天到什么地方去尚未决定。
He has to learn how to hunt for food, and make fire.
他得学会如何寻找食物以及生火。
3. Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.
如果没有适当的控制措施，基因组编辑可能会像失控的汽车一样危险。
语法：含有without的含蓄虚拟条件句
without一词表示“没有”，without短语可以含蓄地表达某一假设条件，这时句子应使用虚拟语气。例如：
Without water (= If it were not for water), men would not live any longer.
没有水，人类就活不下去。
另外，当含有without的含蓄虚拟条件句表示对过去的虚拟时，句子谓语动词应用would/should/could/might have done形式，without短语也可以替换为“if+主语+had not+过去分词”，例如：
Without having been cared for (=If he had not been cared for), the sick baby would not have survived for a week.
这个生病的婴儿之前如果没有得到照顾的话，是活不过一周的。
答案
知识运用
1. affecting 2. identification 3. to pay 4. paces 5. prohibition 6. under 7. that
阅读探究
1. Our own personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.
2. Geneticists can make changes to the genome, correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material.
3. By correcting abnormal genes early on.
4. We will be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born, creating what some have called "designer babies".
5. A car out of control.
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