人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world课时作业（含解析）
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高中英语人教版第一部分 必修 第一册 UNIT 5课时作业
Ⅰ．完形填空
(2021·江苏第一次百校联考)Dana Gendreau, 36, an Ohio mom, read in the newspaper about high school football players who continued to take the __1__ despite not having food to eat at home or even a place to call home. Immediately, she got in touch with the head football coach at Hughes High School, Chris Mobley.
Because her 10 year old son also played football, she knew how __2__ proper nutrition is for athletes so she decided to start buying fruit and high protein snacks for the players at Hughes High School. She also __3__ other parents on her son’s youth football team to see if they would want to __4__. The response was __5__. Since September, Gendreau and the other parents have been able to provide nearly $100 of groceries each week for the Hughes football team. Soon after Gendreau began organizing the __6__， the high school team began winning games — something Mobley __7__ to Gendreau’s generosity. “Practices now have been full of __8__，” Mobley said. “I think that is a direct reflection of Gendreau’s effort.”
But Gendreau remains __9__ and says it’s just her way of paying it forward. When she was little, she __10__ homelessness herself, but one __11__ act from her coach shifted her focus. “I remember one of my coaches gave me a festival gift of money so I could __12__ a pair of shoes for the sport，” she said. “That never __13__ me, the kindness she showed me. I know that no matter what __14__ in my life, I am going to help others.” Gendreau eventually hopes this story will __15__ others to fulfill needs in their own communities.
1．A．field B．chance
C．advice D．risk
2．A．convenient B．expensive
C．significant D．sensitive
3．A．contacted B．confused
C．conducted D．convinced
4．A．hang around B．join in
C．show off D．bring up
5．A．disappointing B．integrated
C．skeptical D．enthusiastic
6．A．institutions B．conferences
C．investigations D．donations
7．A．casts B．owes
C．devotes D．points
8．A．variety B．peace
C．energy D．regret
9．A．optimistic B．modest
C．careful D．reliable
10．A．experienced B．discovered
C．misunderstood D．predicted
11．A．painful B．brave
C．awkward D．kind
12．A．purchase B．award
C．promise D．deliver
13．A．touches B．warns
C．leaves D．charges
14．A．fails B．happens
C．rests D．wanders
15．A．force B．advise
C．discourage D．stimulate
Ⅱ．语法填空
(山东省滨州市2021届高三第一次模拟考试)If you stop a random person on the street in China, there’s 1.________ pretty good chance that their surname would be either Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu or Chen.
That’s because those are the five most common surnames in China. There are a few reasons for this: China is less racially diverse than countries such as the US, 2.________ quantities of minority groups increase surname diversity. It also 3.________ (have) to do with language. You can’t just add a stroke to a Chinese character 4.________ random and create a new surname, like the way you can add a letter to an English name.
But there’s also another factor at play: technology. China’s digital revolution has 5.________(drama) transformed daily life, and many of these systems rely on a 6.________ (limit) list of standardized Chinese characters. To try to address this, experts have increased the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters. They’re still working to expand it 7.________(include) more than 90,000 characters.
“The culture of surnames 8.________(pass) down in our country for thousands of years with a deep and broad influence，”said the Ministry of Public Security. By the Song Dynasty, a book called the Hundred Family Surnames9.________(list) several hundreds of the most common surnames, had become a classic text taught to children. Chinese surnames are central to people’s 10.________(identity); they hold origin stories, reveal historic patterns of migration, and represent a direct tie to a person’s ancestry and heritage.
Ⅲ．写作
(一)应用文写作
(2020东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)你校学生会计划举办“汉语桥”活动，你受学生会委托写一则通知，邀请你校美国留学生参加此活动，内容包括：
1．介绍活动的意义；
2．邀请美国留学生参加动员会(the pep rally)；
3．动员会的时间、地点。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Notice
Dear overseas students from America，
Here comes the news that a Chinese Bridge activity will be held in our school. ____________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Union
(二)读后续写
Fortune Cookie Friends
(江苏省无锡市天一中学2021届高三下学期第二次模拟测试)Jenny frowned(皱眉) as she helped her mother and father set out the cooking supplies in the shiny steel kitchen. Her family had just moved here from San Francisco, having bought a small restaurant, which was set to open in the next few days.
“Moving here was a dumb idea，” Jenny complained mostly to herself.
“What’s that？” Her mother asked, opening a box and lifting out several pots.
“Nothing，” Jenny mumbled(咕哝). The girl had been angry about the move, but her parents had made the decision and were now too busy getting ready for the grand opening to listen to her complaints.
The first few days at her new school hadn’t been easy, either. She found it hard to talk to people she didn’t know, and it seemed like the students hadn’t even noticed her. Jenny sighed and got back to washing dishes.
On the day of the grand opening, Jenny’s parents were all smiles, welcoming customers into the restaurant, brightly decorated in gold and red. Even Jenny was in a good mood as she rushed around, seating guests, handing out menus, and pouring tall glasses of water. This was a big day for her family.
At one of the tables sat a family with two daughters who were about Jenny’s age. As she filled their glasses, Jenny realized the twins were in her class. Jenny ducked her head down so her long hair covered her face, and she turned away from the table.
Jenny’s mother found her soon after, in the kitchen loading the dishwasher.
“Honey, what are you doing back here We need you out front with the customers.”
“Mom, I don’t want to be out there. There are kids from school！”
“So？” her mother asked. “That’s good! Go to take them some fortune cookies and say hello！” She said to Jenny, pointing at the fortune cookies paper which read: “Many friends are found with a single.”
注意：1．续写的词数应为150词左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Jenny absently read the fortune cookie paper. ______________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。一个妈妈在报纸上了解到一个高中足球队的队员们在没有食物甚至没有家的情况下也继续上场比赛，于是她就为球队捐赠食物，并组织儿子球队的其他父母进行食物捐赠。她开始组织捐赠后不久，这个球队开始赢得比赛。这位妈妈也希望自己的行为能够鼓励其他人去满足他们社区的需求。
1．A 根据语境可推知，当时报纸上说一个高中的足球队的队员们在没有食物甚至没有家的情况下继续上场比赛。take the field意为“上场比赛”。故选A项。
2．C 根据常识可推知，适当的营养对运动员来讲是重要的。significant“重要的”。故选C项。
3．A 根据该句中的“to see if they would want to __4__”和下句中的“The response”可推知，Gendreau也联系了她儿子球队的其他父母，看他们是否愿意加入，一起给足球队提供食物。故选A项。
4．B 参见上题解析。故选B项。
5．D 根据下文“…Gendreau and the other parents have been able to provide nearly $100 of groceries each week for the Hughes football team．”可推知，其他父母反应热烈。故选D项。
6．D 根据空前一句和下文中的“Gendreau’s generosity”可推知，此处表示Gendreau组织捐赠。故选D项。
7．B 根据下文“I think that is a direct reflection of Gendreau’s effort．”可推知，这是校队足球教练Mobley把校队赢得比赛归功于Gendreau的慷慨。owe…to…“把……归功于……”。故选B项。
8．C 联系上文可推知，由于Gendreau和其他家长所捐赠的食物，队员们现在不再缺少吃的了，因此训练时充满了能量。故选C项。
9．B 根据该句中的“says it’s just her way of paying it forward”可推知，Gendreau对此很谦虚。modest“谦虚的，谦逊的”。故选B项。
10．A 根据上文的“her way of paying it forward”和下文表述的“在Gendreau小时候，一个教练送给了她钱，她才有钱买一双运动鞋”可推知，Gendreau小的时候也遭遇过无家可归的境况。故选A项。
11．D 此处与下文“the kindness”呼应，表示一个教练的善行转移了Gendreau当时的注意力。故选D项。
12．A 根据句中的“a festival gift of money”和“so”可推知，一个教练送给了Gendreau钱， 因此Gendreau才能买一双运动鞋。故选A项。
13．C 根据语境和上文可知，这种善意从来没有离开过Gendreau，无论她生活中发生什么事，她都会去帮助他人。故选C项。
14．B 参见上题解析。故选B项。
15．D Gendreau希望这个故事能够激励他人去满足他们社区的需求。stimulate“鼓励，刺激”。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国汉语言文化中的姓氏文化。
1．a 考查冠词。空后名词chance是可数名词，表泛指，pretty的发音是以辅音音素开头的词，用不定冠词a。并且“There is a good chance that…”是固定句型，表示“很有可能会是……”。故填a。
2．where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空前是主句，该空应填关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the US”，关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
3．has 考查动词时态和主谓一致。have to do with sth．/sb．(与……有关系)在句子中作谓语部分，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has。
4．at 考查固定搭配。“at random”为常用搭配，表示“随意地，随机地”。故填at。
5．dramatically 考查副词。分析句子成分可知，该空需要一个副词修饰谓语动词transformed，所给词drama是名词，其派生的副词是dramatically，意为“戏剧般地；极大程度地；显著地”。故填dramatically。
6．limited 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填一个形容词，修饰名词list，limit的形容词形式limited，意为“有限的”。故填limited。
7．to include 考查非谓语动词。该空需填动词不定式作expand的目的状语，专家扩展数据库目的是使其包含更多字符。故填to include。
8．has been passed 考查语态和时态。分析句子结构可知，该空应填谓语动词。根据时间状语“for thousands of years”可知，应使用现在完成时，主语culture是第三人称单数，与“pass down(传承)”是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填has been passed。
9．listing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处作名词“a book”的后置定语，与被修饰词是主动关系，应使用现在分词。故填listing。
10．identities 考查名词复数。中国人的姓氏对人们的身份认同至关重要。结合语境，主语“Chinese surnames”是复数，空前people复数，“人们的身份”也应该用名词复数形式，作介词to的宾语。故填identities。
One possible version：
Notice
Dear overseas students from America，
Here comes the news that a Chinese Bridge activity will be held in our school. So all of participants are warmly welcome in the pep rally to get fully prepared for the follow ups.
Aimed at promoting Chinese culture around the world, the Chinese Bridge acts as a platform to help narrow the gap of understanding China. Whoever is actively involved in the activity will develop a positive awareness of Chinese and its culture behind.Based on it, the pep rally is scheduled in our school auditorium from 2 p.m. to 3 p. m. next Friday afternoon.
Please make sure you are available at that time and join us.
Students’ Union
答案
One possible version：
Jenny_absently_read_the_fortune_cookie_paper. She suddenly realized something. She grabbed a handful of fortune cookies that they gave out after every meal, but first she tore open a wrapper and cracked a cookie open for herself. She popped a sweet, crunchy piece in her mouth. Then, she put a handful of cookies into a small tray and left the kitchen. Jenny sighed. Mustering up her courage, she approached the table where the twins and their parents were finishing their meal.
She placed the cookies down, and bravely looked the girls in the eyes. ___________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
She_placed_the_cookies_down,_and_bravely_looked_the_girls_in_the_eyes. “Thank you for coming to our restaurant！” Jenny said with a smile. “Oh, fortune cookies, I love these！” cried one of the girls, reaching for the tray. The other sister looked at Jennie carefully and her eyes lit up with recognition. Then they introduced themselves to each other. Everyone was very happy and they talked a lot about their school and classmates. Later they made an appointment to hang out together. Jenny tried to downplay the swell of happiness she felt, but she wasn’t succeeding.
Ⅰ．完形填空
(2021·江苏第一次百校联考)Dana Gendreau, 36, an Ohio mom, read in the newspaper about high school football players who continued to take the __1__ despite not having food to eat at home or even a place to call home. Immediately, she got in touch with the head football coach at Hughes High School, Chris Mobley.
Because her 10 year old son also played football, she knew how __2__ proper nutrition is for athletes so she decided to start buying fruit and high protein snacks for the players at Hughes High School. She also __3__ other parents on her son’s youth football team to see if they would want to __4__. The response was __5__. Since September, Gendreau and the other parents have been able to provide nearly $100 of groceries each week for the Hughes football team. Soon after Gendreau began organizing the __6__， the high school team began winning games — something Mobley __7__ to Gendreau’s generosity. “Practices now have been full of __8__，” Mobley said. “I think that is a direct reflection of Gendreau’s effort.”
But Gendreau remains __9__ and says it’s just her way of paying it forward. When she was little, she __10__ homelessness herself, but one __11__ act from her coach shifted her focus. “I remember one of my coaches gave me a festival gift of money so I could __12__ a pair of shoes for the sport，” she said. “That never __13__ me, the kindness she showed me. I know that no matter what __14__ in my life, I am going to help others.” Gendreau eventually hopes this story will __15__ others to fulfill needs in their own communities.
1．A．field B．chance
C．advice D．risk
2．A．convenient B．expensive
C．significant D．sensitive
3．A．contacted B．confused
C．conducted D．convinced
4．A．hang around B．join in
C．show off D．bring up
5．A．disappointing B．integrated
C．skeptical D．enthusiastic
6．A．institutions B．conferences
C．investigations D．donations
7．A．casts B．owes
C．devotes D．points
8．A．variety B．peace
C．energy D．regret
9．A．optimistic B．modest
C．careful D．reliable
10．A．experienced B．discovered
C．misunderstood D．predicted
11．A．painful B．brave
C．awkward D．kind
12．A．purchase B．award
C．promise D．deliver
13．A．touches B．warns
C．leaves D．charges
14．A．fails B．happens
C．rests D．wanders
15．A．force B．advise
C．discourage D．stimulate
Ⅱ．语法填空
(山东省滨州市2021届高三第一次模拟考试)If you stop a random person on the street in China, there’s 1.________ pretty good chance that their surname would be either Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu or Chen.
That’s because those are the five most common surnames in China. There are a few reasons for this: China is less racially diverse than countries such as the US, 2.________ quantities of minority groups increase surname diversity. It also 3.________ (have) to do with language. You can’t just add a stroke to a Chinese character 4.________ random and create a new surname, like the way you can add a letter to an English name.
But there’s also another factor at play: technology. China’s digital revolution has 5.________(drama) transformed daily life, and many of these systems rely on a 6.________ (limit) list of standardized Chinese characters. To try to address this, experts have increased the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters. They’re still working to expand it 7.________(include) more than 90,000 characters.
“The culture of surnames 8.________(pass) down in our country for thousands of years with a deep and broad influence，”said the Ministry of Public Security. By the Song Dynasty, a book called the Hundred Family Surnames9.________(list) several hundreds of the most common surnames, had become a classic text taught to children. Chinese surnames are central to people’s 10.________(identity); they hold origin stories, reveal historic patterns of migration, and represent a direct tie to a person’s ancestry and heritage.
Ⅲ．写作
(一)应用文写作
(2020东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)你校学生会计划举办“汉语桥”活动，你受学生会委托写一则通知，邀请你校美国留学生参加此活动，内容包括：
1．介绍活动的意义；
2．邀请美国留学生参加动员会(the pep rally)；
3．动员会的时间、地点。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Notice
Dear overseas students from America，
Here comes the news that a Chinese Bridge activity will be held in our school. ____________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Union
(二)读后续写
Fortune Cookie Friends
(江苏省无锡市天一中学2021届高三下学期第二次模拟测试)Jenny frowned(皱眉) as she helped her mother and father set out the cooking supplies in the shiny steel kitchen. Her family had just moved here from San Francisco, having bought a small restaurant, which was set to open in the next few days.
“Moving here was a dumb idea，” Jenny complained mostly to herself.
“What’s that？” Her mother asked, opening a box and lifting out several pots.
“Nothing，” Jenny mumbled(咕哝). The girl had been angry about the move, but her parents had made the decision and were now too busy getting ready for the grand opening to listen to her complaints.
The first few days at her new school hadn’t been easy, either. She found it hard to talk to people she didn’t know, and it seemed like the students hadn’t even noticed her. Jenny sighed and got back to washing dishes.
On the day of the grand opening, Jenny’s parents were all smiles, welcoming customers into the restaurant, brightly decorated in gold and red. Even Jenny was in a good mood as she rushed around, seating guests, handing out menus, and pouring tall glasses of water. This was a big day for her family.
At one of the tables sat a family with two daughters who were about Jenny’s age. As she filled their glasses, Jenny realized the twins were in her class. Jenny ducked her head down so her long hair covered her face, and she turned away from the table.
Jenny’s mother found her soon after, in the kitchen loading the dishwasher.
“Honey, what are you doing back here We need you out front with the customers.”
“Mom, I don’t want to be out there. There are kids from school！”
“So？” her mother asked. “That’s good! Go to take them some fortune cookies and say hello！” She said to Jenny, pointing at the fortune cookies paper which read: “Many friends are found with a single.”
注意：1．续写的词数应为150词左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Jenny absently read the fortune cookie paper. ______________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。一个妈妈在报纸上了解到一个高中足球队的队员们在没有食物甚至没有家的情况下也继续上场比赛，于是她就为球队捐赠食物，并组织儿子球队的其他父母进行食物捐赠。她开始组织捐赠后不久，这个球队开始赢得比赛。这位妈妈也希望自己的行为能够鼓励其他人去满足他们社区的需求。
1．A 根据语境可推知，当时报纸上说一个高中的足球队的队员们在没有食物甚至没有家的情况下继续上场比赛。take the field意为“上场比赛”。故选A项。
2．C 根据常识可推知，适当的营养对运动员来讲是重要的。significant“重要的”。故选C项。
3．A 根据该句中的“to see if they would want to __4__”和下句中的“The response”可推知，Gendreau也联系了她儿子球队的其他父母，看他们是否愿意加入，一起给足球队提供食物。故选A项。
4．B 参见上题解析。故选B项。
5．D 根据下文“…Gendreau and the other parents have been able to provide nearly $100 of groceries each week for the Hughes football team．”可推知，其他父母反应热烈。故选D项。
6．D 根据空前一句和下文中的“Gendreau’s generosity”可推知，此处表示Gendreau组织捐赠。故选D项。
7．B 根据下文“I think that is a direct reflection of Gendreau’s effort．”可推知，这是校队足球教练Mobley把校队赢得比赛归功于Gendreau的慷慨。owe…to…“把……归功于……”。故选B项。
8．C 联系上文可推知，由于Gendreau和其他家长所捐赠的食物，队员们现在不再缺少吃的了，因此训练时充满了能量。故选C项。
9．B 根据该句中的“says it’s just her way of paying it forward”可推知，Gendreau对此很谦虚。modest“谦虚的，谦逊的”。故选B项。
10．A 根据上文的“her way of paying it forward”和下文表述的“在Gendreau小时候，一个教练送给了她钱，她才有钱买一双运动鞋”可推知，Gendreau小的时候也遭遇过无家可归的境况。故选A项。
11．D 此处与下文“the kindness”呼应，表示一个教练的善行转移了Gendreau当时的注意力。故选D项。
12．A 根据句中的“a festival gift of money”和“so”可推知，一个教练送给了Gendreau钱， 因此Gendreau才能买一双运动鞋。故选A项。
13．C 根据语境和上文可知，这种善意从来没有离开过Gendreau，无论她生活中发生什么事，她都会去帮助他人。故选C项。
14．B 参见上题解析。故选B项。
15．D Gendreau希望这个故事能够激励他人去满足他们社区的需求。stimulate“鼓励，刺激”。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国汉语言文化中的姓氏文化。
1．a 考查冠词。空后名词chance是可数名词，表泛指，pretty的发音是以辅音音素开头的词，用不定冠词a。并且“There is a good chance that…”是固定句型，表示“很有可能会是……”。故填a。
2．where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空前是主句，该空应填关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the US”，关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
3．has 考查动词时态和主谓一致。have to do with sth．/sb．(与……有关系)在句子中作谓语部分，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has。
4．at 考查固定搭配。“at random”为常用搭配，表示“随意地，随机地”。故填at。
5．dramatically 考查副词。分析句子成分可知，该空需要一个副词修饰谓语动词transformed，所给词drama是名词，其派生的副词是dramatically，意为“戏剧般地；极大程度地；显著地”。故填dramatically。
6．limited 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填一个形容词，修饰名词list，limit的形容词形式limited，意为“有限的”。故填limited。
7．to include 考查非谓语动词。该空需填动词不定式作expand的目的状语，专家扩展数据库目的是使其包含更多字符。故填to include。
8．has been passed 考查语态和时态。分析句子结构可知，该空应填谓语动词。根据时间状语“for thousands of years”可知，应使用现在完成时，主语culture是第三人称单数，与“pass down(传承)”是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填has been passed。
9．listing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处作名词“a book”的后置定语，与被修饰词是主动关系，应使用现在分词。故填listing。
10．identities 考查名词复数。中国人的姓氏对人们的身份认同至关重要。结合语境，主语“Chinese surnames”是复数，空前people复数，“人们的身份”也应该用名词复数形式，作介词to的宾语。故填identities。
One possible version：
Notice
Dear overseas students from America，
Here comes the news that a Chinese Bridge activity will be held in our school. So all of participants are warmly welcome in the pep rally to get fully prepared for the follow ups.
Aimed at promoting Chinese culture around the world, the Chinese Bridge acts as a platform to help narrow the gap of understanding China. Whoever is actively involved in the activity will develop a positive awareness of Chinese and its culture behind.Based on it, the pep rally is scheduled in our school auditorium from 2 p.m. to 3 p. m. next Friday afternoon.
Please make sure you are available at that time and join us.
Students’ Union
答案
One possible version：
Jenny_absently_read_the_fortune_cookie_paper. She suddenly realized something. She grabbed a handful of fortune cookies that they gave out after every meal, but first she tore open a wrapper and cracked a cookie open for herself. She popped a sweet, crunchy piece in her mouth. Then, she put a handful of cookies into a small tray and left the kitchen. Jenny sighed. Mustering up her courage, she approached the table where the twins and their parents were finishing their meal.
She placed the cookies down, and bravely looked the girls in the eyes. ___________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
She_placed_the_cookies_down,_and_bravely_looked_the_girls_in_the_eyes. “Thank you for coming to our restaurant！” Jenny said with a smile. “Oh, fortune cookies, I love these！” cried one of the girls, reaching for the tray. The other sister looked at Jennie carefully and her eyes lit up with recognition. Then they introduced themselves to each other. Everyone was very happy and they talked a lot about their school and classmates. Later they made an appointment to hang out together. Jenny tried to downplay the swell of happiness she felt, but she wasn’t succeeding.