2023届高三英语二轮复习:形容词副词 课件(共25张PPT)

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名称 2023届高三英语二轮复习:形容词副词 课件(共25张PPT)
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更新时间 2022-10-10 11:57:44

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(共25张PPT)
高考总复习—英语
语法专项复习
一、词类 形容词 & 副词
高考英语对形容词副词的考查比较广泛,但归纳起来有以下几个特点:
考查形容词副词的基本用法
考查形容词副词的词形变化
考查形容词副词的等级
考查形容词副词熟词生义
考点梳理 精讲
基本用法
2.词形变化
3.等级变化
一、形容词副词的句法作用
二、形容词副词的位置(前置和后置)
三、形容词副词的用法分类
四、形容词(adj.) →副词(adv.)
或其他词性、构词法
五、 adj.与adv.的原级、比较级和最高级
4.熟词生义
六、 一词多义、活用
2. 考查词形变化
1)形容词(adj.) →副词(adv.) 规则
1. adj. + ly
quickly, rapidly, swiftly, frequently,
exactly, fluently, slightly, recently,
undoubtedly, unexpectedly, precisely,
obviously, evidently, apparently, really,
occasionally, finally, eventually,
traditionally, hopefully, peacefully,
gradually, wisely, closely, lately,
unfortunately, extremely, strangely,
immediately, concisely, completely,
entirely, politely, absolutely, accurately
五、形容词(adj.) →副词(adv.)
2. 以 –ble, -ple, -tle 结尾 去e 改为
-bly, -ply, -tly 的词
-ble: probable → probably
possible → possibly
reasonable → reasonably
considerable → considerably
incredible → incredibly
-ple : simple → simply
-tle : gentle → gently
注意特殊情况: true → truly
whole → wholly
full → fully
3 以辅音字母+y结尾, 把y改i,再加ly
happy → happily
busy → busily
angry → angrily
easy → easily
heavy → heavily
4 以-ic 结尾,加al, 再加ly
energetic → energetically
automatic → automatically
economic → economically
scientific → scientifically
basic → basically
historic → historically
wise wisdom
free freedom
happy happiness
polite politeness
rude rudeness
popular popularity
similar similarity
real reality
equal equality
sincere sincerity
electric electricity
safe safety
honest honesty
high height
adj. → n.
adj. → n.
2. 词性转换
2) 形容词(adj.) →
名词/动词 (n.& v.)
rich enrich
large enlarge
sharp sharpen
strong strengthen
wide widen
weak weaken
long lengthen
adj. → v.
regular
legal
convenient
possible
fortunate
polite
honest
logical
dependent
selfish
形容词 形反义
irregular
illegal
inconvenient
impossible
unfortunate impolite
dishonest
illogical
independent
unselfish/selfishless
3) 考查形容词副词否定含义
4) 特殊用法:
具有两种形式的adv.
1 free 2 close
freely closely
3 dead 4 fair
deadly fairly
5 hard 6 high
hardly highly
7 wide 8 deep
widely deeply
9 late 10 pretty
lately prettily
自由地,免费地
自由自在地,随便地
位置接近地
紧密地,密切地
极其,完全地
adj.致命的
adv. 死一般地
公平地,正直地
相当地
努力地
几乎不
高高地
高度地
完全地,充分地
广泛地
深入地,很晚地
深深地、强烈地
晚,迟地
近来
相当地,颇
优美地
5. 构词法:常见形容词后缀
1. -able/ible,表“能...的,可以...的”
comfort—comfortable 舒适的 reason—reasonable 合理的
enjoy—enjoyable 令人愉快的 fashion—fashionable 时尚的
value—valuable 有价值的 rely—reliable 可靠的
believe—believable 可相信的 access—accessible 可到达的
change—changeable 易变的
2.-ful,表“充满...的;有...性质的”
与之相反的后缀--less 译为“无.....”
use—useful 有用的 power—powerful 强大的
success—successful 成功的 help—helpful 有帮助的
peace—peaceful 和平的 meaning—meaningful有意义的
beauty—beautiful 美丽的 pain--painful 疼痛的
harm—harmful 有害的
3. -al/ial,表“与.....有关的”
person—personal 个人的 nation—national 国家的
nature—natural 自然的 practice—practical 实用的
globe—global 全球的 culture—cultural 文化的
tradition—traditional 传统的 face—facial 面部的
benefit—beneficial 有益的 influence—influential 有影响的
industry—industrial 工业的
4.--ous/ious,表“有....性质的,...的”
danger—dangerous 危险的 mountain—mountainous 多山的
poison—poisonous 有毒的 adventure—adventurous 冒险的
ambition—ambitious 有野心的 caution—cautious 谨慎的
continue—continuous 持续的 vary—various 各种各样的
harmony—harmonious 和谐的
5. -ive/tive,表“有...性质的”
attract—attractive 有吸引力的 effect—effective 有效的
create—creative 创造性的 talk—talkative 健谈的
defend—defensive 防御性的 expense—expensive 昂贵的
impress—impressive 印象深刻的
6. -y,表“多....的,有...的”
wealth—wealthy 富有的 thirst—thirsty 口渴的
health—healthy 健康的 dust—dusty 布满灰尘的
mud—muddy 泥泞的 sun--sunny晴朗的
hunger—hungry 饥饿的 noise—noisy 嘈杂的
taste—tasty 美味的 fog—foggy 有雾的
greed—greedy 贪婪的 anger--angry生气的
ice—icy 有冰的 luck—lucky 好运的
7.-ing/ed,表“令人...的,感到...的”
amaze--amazed--amazing annoy--annoyed--annoying satisfy--satisfied--satisfying confuse--confused--confusing disappoint--disappointed--disappointed excite--excited--exciting frighten--frightened--frightening interest--interested--interesting puzzle--puzzled--puzzling relax--relaxed--relaxing
tire--tired--tiring worry--worried--worrying bore--bored--boring
8.-ic/tic/fic
base—basic 基本的 romance—romantic 浪漫的 science—scientific 科学的 economy—economic 经济的 energy—energetic 精力充沛的
注意: 下面是以ly结尾的形容词
friendly lovely likely
lively elderly lonely
daily/ monthly /weekly /yearly
3. 考查等级变化
五、 adj.与adv.的原级、比较级和最高级
1) Henry 和 Peter 一样都是好工人。
2)这栋建筑物有100米高。
Henry is as good a worker as Peter
= Henry is a worker as good as Peter.
The building is 100 meters tall.
= The building is as tall as 100 meters.
1 adj.与adv.的原级
2 比较级、最高级
3 表倍数
1) 变化规则
2) 比较级、最高级的基本结构
主+谓+形容词副词比较级 + than + 对比成分
主+谓 +the +形容词副词最高级+(n.)+ 范围
A+谓+倍数+the+ size/length + of + B
A+谓+倍数+ as+ adj./adv. 原级 as + B
A+谓+倍数+ adj./adv.比较级 + than + B
4. 特殊用法
1)not与形容词比较级连用表最高级含义
2) too much 与much too
3) the+比较级…, the+比较级
比较级+ and + 比较级
I can’t agree with you more.
too much money much too hot
The more you practise, the better you will be.
absent
4. 考查熟词生义
He has been absent from school for two weeks.
她已经两个星期没有上学了。
(熟义:adj. 缺席的)
The absent look on her face implied boredom.
她脸上茫然的神情说明了她的无聊。
(生义:adj. 茫然的)
available
Every available doctor was called to the scene.
所有能找到的医生都被召集到了现场。
(熟义:adj. 可得到的,可找到的)
Will you be available tomorrow morning
明天上午你有空吗?
(生义:adj. (人)有空的)
4. 考查熟词生义
blank
4. 考查熟词生义
Please sign your name in the blank space below.
请把你的名字签在下面的空白处。(熟义:adj. 空白的)
Put a word in each blank to complete the sentence.
在每个空格上填一个单词,把句子补充完整。(熟义:n. 空格)
I came round in hospital and did not know what happened. Everything was a complete blank.
我在医院里醒了过来,不知道发生了什么。一切都是空白。
(生义:n. 记忆中的空白,遗忘)
bare
My daughter likes to walk around in bare feet.
我女儿喜欢光着脚走来走去。
(熟义:adj. 裸露的)
Lisa often bares her soul to her close friends.
Lisa经常向她的密友倾诉衷肠。
(生义:v. 向某人打开心扉)
4. 考查熟词生义
bound
Jane has done so much work. She is bound to pass the exam.
Jane下了那么大功夫,她肯定会通过这次考试。
(熟义:adj. 一定会)
You are bound by the contract to pay before the end of the month.
按照合同规定,你必须在月底前付款。
(生义:adj. 受...约束)
4. 考查熟词生义
fine
Jim has made a fine job of the garden.
吉姆把花园拾掇得漂漂亮亮的。(熟义:adj. 美好的,很棒的)
I hope it stays fine for the picnic.
我希望野餐那天还是晴天。 (熟义:adj. 晴朗的)
There is no need to make such fine distinctions.
没有必要区分如此细微的差别。(生义: adj. 细微的)
Offenders will be liable to a heavy fine.
违者须付巨额罚金。(生义:n. 罚款)
4. 考查熟词生义