Unit 9 Human Biology SectionA TOPIC TALK & LESSON1 练习（含答案）

UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY Section A　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A team from the UK were the first to successfully 　　　　　(克隆) an animal.
2.I was also in the desert,where,for the first time,I rode a 　　　　　(骆驼).
3.It’s easy to tell a 　　　　　(山羊) from a sheep.
4.The police think the videotape may hold some vital 　　　　　(线索) to the identity of the killer.
5.Many patients are not getting the medical 　　　　　(治疗) they need.
6.You have already made great progress in your 　　　　　(生物).
7.　　　　　(哺乳动物) are animals such as dogs,lions,and whales.
8.She had to face the fact that her life had changed 　　　　　(永远).
9.It says that better 　　　　　(生殖的) health can reduce poverty and build economic growth.
10.Laughter is one of the most infectious expressions of 　　　　　(情感).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The 　　　　　(edit) of the magazine is a smart young man.
2.Most people look better under 　　　　　(artificially) light than in bright sunlight.
3.The 　　　　　(twin) were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different environments.
4.It is difficult to make a 　　　　　(compare) with her previous book,because they are completely different.
5.While the two are only days apart in age they seem to belong to 　　　　　(whole) different generations.
6.You’ve done so much work,so we all believe you’re bound 　　　　　(pass) the exam.
7.They agreed to go 　　　　　(mere) because they were getting paid for it.
8.Every day the newspapers tell stories of children worldwide who are 　　　　　(abuse).
9.It’s 　　　　　blessing that nobody was in the house at the time.
10.We can infer 　　　　　his expression that he is frustrated.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.班上每个同学都有能力通过这次考试。
Every student in the class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　passing the exam.
2.他们一直在讨论如何突破食品安全技术壁垒。
They have been discussing about how to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of food safety.
3.你能临摹出一幅与这幅画一模一样的画吗
Can you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of this picture
4.和世界上其他地方的人相比,他们生活得相当好。
They were living rather well,　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　people elsewhere in the world.
5.如果你努力工作,你一定会成功。
If you work hard,you should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
6.明天他是否参加那个舞会,没有人知道。
　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he will take part in the ball or not.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
With rapid advances in medical science,cloning is slowly but surely looking like it could be in our near future.However,is it really an option that should be considered as a way to extend human life
Reproductive cloning may help human families gain children,but there’s also a benefit for the animal world.It brings hope to people eager for children but unable to have their own or adopt.It can also bring about the recreation of species that have long since died,allowing scientists to fully study the species as a living creature instead of simply looking at images or bones.
Many believe that cloning can be used to replace failing organs.This will reduce the waiting list for organ donations and allow more people to be saved.Not only that,but because the organ is,in fact,your own organ,there would be less chance of rejection.
Cloning could prove helpful in genetic research.Using cloning technologies,genetic researchers would have a better understanding of the composition of genes and the effects of genetic constituents (成分) on human characters.There’s also the possibility of changing genetic constituents in cloned humans,and cloning could help fight genetic diseases.
While the cloning of body organs can help extend human life,it could also cause a lot of malpractice (玩忽职守).Along with the ability to clone desired characters,there could be the possibility of people deliberately reproducing undesired characters.This could lead to a rise in malpractices within society.
Cloning involves a process of creating identical genes.As such,there would be a lack of diversity in humankind.Scientists believe this lack of diversity will lower the human race’s ability to adapt.
Whatever your view on cloning may be,studies show that the clone would in fact not be completely identical to the original just as twins are not completely identical.Though they might look alike,twins have different personalities and enjoy different things.The same could be said of clones.Even if technology were created in which your memories and thoughts could be transmitted (传送) to the clone,your clone would still be a different person.
1.What good might reproductive cloning bring
A.It may help improve human well-being.
B.It could contribute to the rising birthrate.
C.It could help animals survive deadly diseases.
D.It may enable scientists to better study extinct species.
2.According to the text,cloning can also be used for 　　　.
A.organ transplant
B.solving the aging problem
C.infectious disease treatment
D.constructing a gene database
3.What’s one problem cloning may cause
A.Great diversity.
B.Individual security risk.
C.Increased improper conduct.
D.Serious personality disorder.
4.Why are twins mentioned in the last paragraph
A.To stress twins’ similarities.
B.To show twins are quite common.
C.To carry out deeper research on twins.
D.To better illustrate what a clone will be like.
B
When Barbra Streisand said that she’d had her dog cloned for$50,000,many people learned for the first time that copying pets and other animals was a real business.
The story that gave people cause for concern,though,came out a few days later.It was about Monni Must,a Michigan photographer who paid to have Billy Bean cloned,a Labrador that had belonged to her oldest daughter,Miya.Miya died 10 years earlier.To Must,cloning the elderly dog was a way to keep her daughter’s memory alive.
Alarm bells went off in my head.Must wasn’t just cloning a pet.She was trying to preserve a lost child.It seemed awfully close to a real human cloning scenario,one in which a heartbroken parent tries to replace a son or daughter who dies early.
I shot a question at Jose Cibelli,an animal cloning scientist at Michigan State University:Is it time to worry about human cloning again Cibelli quickly emailed back:“Yes.”
I met Cibelli 15 years ago,when I was among a group of journalists covering cloning nonstop.Back then,it seemed possible that someone might try to copy a human being at any moment.There was an Italian doctor named Antinori who said he was trying.
But human cloning never happened.The reason is clear.In many animals,only one in 100 cloned embryos ever leads to a live birth.Of those that are born,a few suffer from abnormalities (畸形) and quickly die.Creating a human clone isn’t only a question of technology.You’d also need a reason to do it,experts willing to help,and someone to fund it all.
I finally asked Must if she would have Miya cloned if she’d had the chance.She said it’s not a question she has an answer to.“When you have a child who dies,you are not in a place to make a rational (理智的) decision,” she says.
5.How did the author feel after knowing Must’s story
A.He felt relieved.
B.He was worried.
C.He took pity on her.
D.He secretly admired her.
6.What do we know about human cloning 15 years ago
A.It received the public’s attention.
B.It was supported by Jose Cibelli.
C.It was seldom covered by reporters.
D.It was first tried by an Italian doctor.
7.What does Paragraph 6 mainly focus on
A.Why cloned embryos are difficult to preserve.
B.How the technology of cloning is developed.
C.Why human cloning is challenging.
D.How animals are cloned.
8.What is Must’s attitude toward cloning her dead daughter
A.She has no idea.
B.She is uninterested.
C.She thinks it is irrational.
D.She is looking forward to it.
Ⅴ.七选五
Future Football Stars
Football academies were set up by leading football clubs so their coaches could run trials to discover and train talented boys from as young as eight as potential players for their first team.
This means that in Britain there are at least 9,000 boys at any one time attending academies after school who think they are going to be a famous footballer.　1　 One eight-year-old was selected for Chelsea Academy and he went from being top of his class at school to being the boy who was messing around at the back.His mother asked him why he wasn’t trying hard at school any more.His reply was that he was going to be a footballer and be rich,so he didn’t need to.In the end,he only lasted a year in the academy.　2　 And he wasn’t so discouraged that he never played football again.
　3　 Any sport where only a few can get to the top has many talented failures.These people are very good and do their best but finally it will not pay off because they are just not outstanding enough.In football,this effect is big because the number of players chosen by academies is so huge.　4　
This doesn’t put off all the boys who are spotted by the big football clubs and are desperate to join the academies.　5　 They get to play as much football as possible.The skills become part of them,as they are with professional players,so they are automatic and the boys don’t have to think about them when they’re on the football field.
A.Unfortunately,for most this isn’t the case.
B.The benefits are still there for them of course.
C.All the big football clubs have a football academy.
D.But,luckily for him,he was still young enough to get over it.
E.But football is not alone when it comes to this kind of thing.
F.Most of these won’t get into a team and most won’t become professionals.
G.And footballers are much more likely to get injured when they play games.
Ⅵ.语法填空
The dodo is the most famous of all the creatures 1.　　　　　 (become) extinct in recent history.The remains of the dodo at Oxford are one of the greatest treasures of its museum.
The dodo 2.　　　　　 (discover) by Europeans in 1507.It was a flightless bird 3. lived on the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean.Although the dodos were easy 4.　　　　　 (catch),their meat was not that tasty;their rapid decrease was probably due less to hunting,and more to the fact 5.　　　　　 the dogs,cats,rats and pigs,6.　　　　　 (introduce) to Mauritius,destroyed the dodos’ eggs and habitat.By 1680 the bird was extinct.
The dodos were a curiosity,and some were brought to Europe by 7.　　　　　 (wealth) collectors like John Tradescant.His 8.　　　　　 (collect) were later brought to Oxford,where now only the dried head and foot remain.Although small in amount,these specimens (标本) represent the most complete remains of a single dodo,and are 9.　　　　　 great value to scientists today.
DNA research has shown the dodo is 10. (close) related to pigeons and has finally solved the question of the dodo’s ancestors;without the Oxford specimens this would have been impossible.
答案
Ⅰ.1.clone　2.camel　3.goat　4.clues
5.treatment　6.biology　7.Mammals　8.forever
9.reproductive　10.emotion
Ⅱ.1.editor　2.artificial　3.twins　4.comparison　5.wholly　6.to pass　7.merely　8.abused　9.a
10.from
Ⅲ.1.is capable of　2.break the technical barrier
3.make an exact copy　4.in comparison with　5.be bound to succeed　6.It is unknown whether
Ⅳ.本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了克隆的优缺点。
1.D　细节理解题。由第二段中的“It can also bring about the recreation of species that have long since died,allowing scientists to fully study the species as a living creature instead of simply looking at images or bones.”可知,生殖性克隆使得再创造已经灭绝的物种成为可能,能够让科学家充分研究一个生物物种,而不是仅仅观察这些灭绝物种的图片和骨骼。故选D项。
2.A　细节理解题。由第三段中的“cloning can be used to replace failing organs”可知,克隆可以用于替换衰竭的器官,故可用于器官移植。
3.C　细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“it could also cause a lot of malpractice”和“there could be the possibility of people deliberately reproducing undesired characters.This could lead to a rise in malpractices within society”可知,克隆也会导致社会中的不端行为增加。
4.D　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“studies show that the clone would in fact not be completely identical to the original just as twins are not completely identical.”可知,克隆体与母体并不是完全相同的;作者提到双胞胎是为了说明克隆体与母体的差别。
本文是议论文。文章讨论了克隆技术以及克隆人的问题。
5.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The story that gave people cause for concern”及第三段中的“Alarm bells went off in my head.”和第四段中的“Is it time to worry about human cloning again”可知,Must克隆逝世女儿的宠物狗一事让作者感到非常担忧。
6.A　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“I met Cibelli 15 years ago,when I was among a group of journalists covering cloning nonstop...copy a human being at any moment.”可推断,当时克隆人的想法受到了人们的广泛关注。
7.C　段落大意题。根据第六段中的“In many animals,only one in 100 cloned embryos ever leads to a live birth...and quickly die.”可知,克隆过程中能最后成活的个体极少。由此可见,该段主要介绍了克隆人类所面临的各种困难及挑战。
8.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She said it’s not a question she has an answer to.”可知,Must对是否会克隆自己女儿的问题并没有明确的答案。
Ⅴ.本文是说明文。许多孩子梦想着进入足球学院并成为明日之星,但是现实与梦想之间往往差距很大,能成为职业球员的只是凤毛麟角。
1.A　根据上文中的“This means that in Britain there are at least 9,000 boys...are going to be a famous footballer.”及下文中的“One eight-year-old was selected for Chelsea Academy...he only lasted a year in the academy.”可知,英国随时都会有至少9 000名男孩参加足球学院并梦想着最终成为一名明星球员,但是再根据8岁男孩未实现的足球梦可知,设空处应填“不幸的是,对于许多人来说,实际情况并非如此”。A项与上文构成转折关系。
2.D　根据上文中8岁男孩追求足球明星梦失败的例子及下文中的“And he wasn’t so discouraged that he never played football again.”可知,8岁男孩虽然未完成足球梦,并落下了学业,但是他还年轻,还有重拾信心、继续奋战的机会。D项与上文构成转折关系,与下文构成递进关系。
3.E　根据下文中的“Any sport where only a few can get to the top has many talented failures.”可知,许多运动也只有少数人能名列前茅,与此同时还会有许多落选者。由此可见,这种现象并不是足球领域所独有的。下一句的内容与E项构成递进关系。
4.F　根据上文中的“These people are very good and do their best...by academies is so huge.”可知,许多很有天赋的人最后并没有得偿所愿,因为他们还不够优秀,这种情况在足球中更普遍,因为被足球学院挑选的运动员人数众多,所以绝大多数人最终没有成为专业队员并进入球队。F项符合此处语境。
5.B　根据下文中的“They get to play as much football as possible...when they’re on the football field.”可知,进入足球学院训练虽然不一定能成为足球明星,但也有很多好处。B项是对下文的总结。
Ⅵ.本文是说明文,介绍了灭绝了的渡渡鸟的相关情况。
1.to have become　考查不定式作定语。设空处作后置定语,且creatures与become之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,又因 become所表示的动作已完成,故填to have become。
2.was discovered　考查一般过去时的被动语态。由语境及in 1507可知,此处用一般过去时,又因the dodo与discover之间是被动关系,故填was discovered。
3.that/which　考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词bird,且在从句中作主语,故填that/which。
4.to catch　考查不定式作补语。be easy to do sth意为“做某事是容易的”。
5.that　考查连接词。设空处引导同位语从句,且从句意义和成分均完整,故填that。
6.introduced　考查过去分词作定语。introduce与“the dogs,cats,rats and pigs”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且introduce所表示的动作发生在过去,故填introduced。
7.wealthy　考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语,意为“富有的”,故填wealthy。
8.collections　考查名词。设空处作主语,意为“收藏品”,由were可知用复数,故填collections。
9.of　考查介词。be of great value意为“有很大的价值”。
10.closely　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词related,故填closely。