Unit11 Conflict And Compromise Period Five Writing Workshop 学案（含答案）

Period Five Writing Workshop
课前自主预习
重点单词
1.ban vt.____________ n. ____________ 2.invest vi.&vt. ____________
3.tobacco n. ____________ 4.cigarette n. ____________
5.alcohol n. ____________ 6. fried adj. ____________
7. ____________ vt.伤害 n. 损害，危害 8. ____________ n. 税，税款
9.____________ adj. 不正确的，错的；假的，不真实的
10.____________ adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的
11.____________ adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的
Keys: 1. 禁止，取缔 禁令，禁止 2. 投资 3. 烟叶，烟草 4. 香烟 5. 含酒精饮品；酒 6. 油炸的，油煎的 7. harm 8. tax 9. false 10. desirable 11. beneficial
重点词块
1.an opinion essay ____________
2.result in ____________
3.bring in ____________
4. be beneficial to...____________
5.health of nation ____________
6.根据某人的观点____________
7. 例如____________
8. 更进一步____________
9. 不太可能____________
10. 总之____________
Keys: 1. 一份意见性文章/评论性文章 2. 导致；结果 3. 带来；引起 4. 有利于；有益于 5. 民族的健康 6. in one’s opinion 7. such as 8. go further 9. much less likely to 10. to conclude
重点句式
________________(总之), laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society.
Keys: To conclude
课堂新知讲练
词汇拓讲
1.cigarette n. 香烟
(P40)In many countries, there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes.
【翻译】在许多国家，已经有许多法律，禁止给烟类产品，如香烟刊登广告。
【用法详解】
cigarette n. 香烟
There is not any cigarette in that box.
那个盒子里没有香烟。
No cigarette is completely harmless.
没有香烟是完全无害的。
Drop your cigarette ashes into the ashtray.
请把香烟灰弹在烟灰缸里
A cigarette spark started the fire.
香烟的火星引起了火灾。
Watching her, I lit a cigarette and said I didn’t think a sense of humor was of any use in a real cinch.
我点了一根纸烟，望着她说，我不认为在生活真正陷入窘境的时候幽默感有什么用场。
【归纳拓展】
cigarette case 香烟盒
cigarette holder烟斗
cigarette paper 卷烟纸 ; 香烟纸 ; 自卷烟纸 ; 盘纸
cigarette lighter打火机
electronic cigarette电子烟；电子香烟
cigarette smoking 吸烟
cigarette ash 烟灰
cigarette end 烟头
cigarette box 香烟盒
【易混辨析】
cigar,cigarette,tobacco
这些名词均有“烟”之意。
cigar指雪茄烟。
cigarette指纸烟。
tobacco指烟草，烟叶、烟丝。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)The cause of the fire was ___________ ____________ ____________.
火灾的起因是一个烟头。
(2)This time he left some ___________ ____________ in one of our drawers.
这一次他留下来一些烟灰在我们的橱柜上。
(3)___________ ____________ is responsible for about 90% of deaths from lung cancer.
因患肺癌而死亡者，约90%是吸烟所致。
(4)___________ ____________sales as tobacco alternatives to "create a pleasant smoking
environment", rather than being used as a drug.
电子香烟销售作为烟草替代品“创造愉快的吸烟环境”，而不是被当作药物来使用。
Keys: (1)a cigarette end (2)cigarette ash (3)Cigarette smoking (4)Electronic cigarette
2.harm vt. 伤害 n. 损害，危害
(P)Undoubtedly, unhealthy products harm our health.
【翻译】毋容置疑，不健康的产品有害我们的健康。
【用法详解】
harm vt. 伤害 n. 损害，危害
Hot water will harm the plants.
热水会伤害花草。
Never do anything to harm the interests of the people.
决不能损害人民的利益。
He would never harm anyone.
他永远不会伤害任何人。
Did the storm do any harm to the corn
风暴损害庄稼了没有？
Everyone should learn to indemnify oneself against harm.
每个人都应当学会使自己不受伤害。
harmful adj. 有害的；能造成损害的
Continuous exposure to sound above 80 decibels could be harmful.
持续曝露于超过80分贝的声音可能有害。
harmfully adv. 有害地；伤害地
Frequent excessive consumption can harmfully interfere with the user's well-being.
频繁过多地使用就会对使用者造成内在的危害。
harmfulness n. n. 伤害；有害
The cause and harmfulness of blowout out of control in the oil and gas fields are analyzed in this paper.
本文简要分析了油气田井喷失控的原因和危害。
harmless adj. adj. 无害的；无恶意的
Although it may look unpleasant, this condition is harmless and usually clears up with regular shampooing.
这可能不好看，但这种情况是无害的并且经常的洗头通常可以消除它。
harmlessness n. 无害，无害性；无恶意
The right use of power is power based upon harmlessness.
力量的正确用法是基于无害之上。
【归纳拓展】
do harm to 有害于；有损于
come to harm 遭受不幸；受到损害
【易混辨析】
hurt,injure,wound,harm,damage,disable
这些动词均有“损害，伤害”之意。
hurt普通用词，较口语化，侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重的伤害。
injure较hurt正式，多用于有生命的事物。既可指伤害别人的事物。即可指伤害别人的健康、外貌、自尊心、名誉等，又可指使别人受伤或东西受损，同时含有受伤害部分至少暂时丧失功能的意味。
wound专指对身体的重伤，尤指在战斗中受的伤，强调外部创伤；也可指精神方面的伤害。 harm主要用于有生命的东西，语气略强于injure，指引起严重的痛苦和损伤；有时也用于抽象事物，指造成任何不良后果。
damage通常指对无生命物体的损害，并有降低其价值，破坏其功能等的后果。
disable强调使伤残。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Testers have to be sure that new drugs will not interact __________(harmfully).
(2)The sale human organs have great __________(harmful) to public society.
(3)Womens' magazines just don't publish articles on the __________(harm) effects of smoking.
(4)Cell phone companies have been all too eager to stress their products' __________
(harmless).
完成句子
(5)All dogs are capable of _______ _______ _______ human beings.
所有的狗都能对人造成伤害。
(6)This experiment _______ _______ _______ the animals.
这个实验对动物无害。
(7)The drug is to be reclassified after trials showed it to _______ _______ _______ _______ previously thought.
试验显示这种药比先前想象的危害更大，要重新归类。
Keys: (1)harmfully (2)harmfulness (3)harmful (4)harmlessness (5)doing harm to (6)was harmless to (7)be more harmful than
3.desirable adj. 理想的；值得拥有的；值得做的
(P40)It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food.
【翻译】很明显，限制速食品的电视广告是值得做的。
【用法详解】
desirable adj. 理想的；值得拥有的；值得做的
其比较级 more desirable 最高级 most desirable
Prolonged negotiation was not desirable.
拖得很长的谈判是不受欢迎的。
It is desirable that interest rates be reduced.
利率下调是可取的。
When I do my best to imagine some kind of existence that would be desirable or attractive forever, it just doesn't work. It becomes a nightmare.
当我尽我所能去想象一种永远令人向往或有吸引力的存在时，根本想象不出。总会变成一场噩梦。
desirably adv. 令人向往地；合意地；有魅力地
Exceed their expectations desirably.
超越他们的预期。
desirableness n. 满意；愿望
desirability n. 愿望；有利条件；值得向往的事物；合意[ 复数 desirabilities ]
Almost all advocates of early withdrawal stress the desirability of co-operation with Iraq'sneighbours.
几乎所有支持尽早撤军的人都强调与伊拉克领过合作的意愿。
desire n. 欲望；要求，心愿；性欲 vt. 想要；要求；希望得到…… vi. 渴望
I had a strong desire to help and care for people.
我有一股强烈的帮助和关心别人的愿望。
【归纳拓展】
desire to 希望
desire for 渴望；要求
desirable partner 理想的伙伴
desirable criteria 理想标准
desirable effect最佳效果
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Such measures are ____________(desire), if not essential.
(2)No one questions the ____________(desirable) of cheaper fares.
(3)I would like to make friends with my goddess you so ____________(desirable).
(4)They were asked to bear in mind factors such as originality, authenticity, ____________ (desirable) and uniqueness.
(5)Crawford suggested the greater ____________(desirable) of some carriage which might convey more than two.
完成句子
(6)She _______ ________ ________ _______ ________ be a dancer but failed to make the grade.
她渴望成为一名舞蹈家但没有成功。
(7)Everyone _______ ________ ________ _______ success, but not everyone has the
courage and determination to pursue it.
Keys: (1)desirable (2)desirability (3)desirably (4)desirability (5)desirableness
(6)had a strong desire to (7)has a desire for
4.conclude vt. 作出结论，推断出
(P40)To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society.
【翻译】总之，禁止不健康食品电视广告的相关法律对社会是大有裨益的。
【用法详解】
conclude vt. 作出结论，推断出
From the evidence I must conclude that you are wrong.
从证据看，我敢断定你错了。
He had concluded that his beloved career was robbing him of his life.
他得出结论说，他所热爱的事业正在夺走他的生命。
From the evidence I must conclude that you are wrong.
从证据看，我敢断定你错了。
So what should we conclude from these data
我们能从这些数据中得出什么结论呢？
concluding adj. 最后的；结尾的；结束的
His concluding keynote speech was the highlight of the conference, in my opinion.
依我来看，她结束时的主要讲话是研讨会的重点。
conclusion n. 结论；结局；推论[ 复数 conclusions ]
She considers that it is too early to form a definite conclusion.
她认为现在下确切的结论还为时过早。
conclusive adj. 决定性的；最后的；确实的；确定性的
Her attorneys claim there is no conclusive evidence that any murders took place.
她的律师们声称没有任何发生过谋杀的确凿证据。
conclusively adv. 最后地；决定性地
She said if the world did not act conclusively now, it would only bequeath the problem to future generations.
她说如果这个世界现在不采取正确的行动，那只会把问题遗留给后代。
【归纳拓展】
conclude with... 以.......结束
in conclusion 总之
come to a conclusion 得出结论；告终
draw a conclusion 得出结论；推断
【易混辨析】
infer,deduce,conclude,gather,judge
这些动词均含“推断”之意。
infer指从已提供的论据或从已接受的前提出发而推断出的结论。
deduce指有充分根据的推论，也指逻辑学上的演绎。
conclude指得出符合逻辑的结论。
gather指从听到的情况推测、判定。
judge多指经过仔细鉴定或评价之后作出决断。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Let me make just a few ___________(conclude) remarks.
(2)It is entirely possible, but not yet ____________(conclusive) proven.
(3)Larry ____________(conclude) that he had no choice but to accept Paul's words as the truth.
(4)At the ____________(conclude) of the programme, I asked the children if they had any questions they wanted to ask me.
(5)If you want change in your life to be permanent, strong, and ____________(conclude)
you need a support group.
完成句子
(6)Let's ________ ________ some tips for putting this idea into practice.
让我们来总结一些把这个想法付诸实践的小提示吧。
(7)So what can we ________ ________ this debate
那么从这场辩论中我们能推断出什么呢？
(8)The evening ________ ________ dinner and speeches.
这个夜晚以晚宴和演讲告一段落。
(9)Over the years I've ________ ________ ________ ________ that she's a very great musician.
这些年我得出的结论是，她是位非常伟大的音乐家。
(10)________ ________ , walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise.
综上所述，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣而又随时可以开展的运动形式。
Keys: (1)concluding (2)conclusively (3)had concluded (4)conclusion (5)conclusive
(6)conclude with (7)conclude from (8)concluded with (9)come to the conclusion
(10)In conclusion
句式解读
To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society.
【翻译】
总之，禁止不健康食品电视广告的相关法律对社会是大有裨益的。
【考点提炼】
To conclude意为“总之；总而言之；最后”。
【归纳拓展】
To conclude常用作插入语。
To conclude, I wish to thank all of you for your continuous interest in and strong support for China's development and China-US friendship.
最后，我愿借此机会向长期关心中国发展并积极致力于中美友好的各位朋友们表示衷心的感谢。
To conclude: Before we can understand each other and resolve our differences, we must
understand where we come from and recognise our primal urges for what they are.
最后我们得出一个结论：在我们互相了解，解决分歧之前，我们必须明白自身的处境，意识到最后人类本身最初的欲望。
类似地，表示“总结”的表达还有：in short, in a word, in brief, all in all, in conclusion。
In short, everything succeeded so well that the youngest daughter began to think the master of the house was a mighty civil gentleman.
总之，一切都进行得很顺利，因此小女儿就开始认为这位家主是一位非常有礼貌的绅士。
In a word, everything that goes to make life precious that boy had.
总而言之，那个男孩拥有一切让他的生命变得珍贵的东西。
In brief, the world is in deep recession.
简言之，世界正陷入深度衰退。
All in all, at least at this stage, it's unlikely that online learning will evolve into the
dominant form of education.
总而言之，至少在现阶段，网上学习不太可能发展成为教育的主导形式。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)_______ ________ ________ it had been a great success.
总的说来，那是个巨大的成功。
(2)_______ ________, it can be a chore.
总之，它可能是一件苦差事
(3)_______ ________ ________, they can do everything they like with, money.
总之，他们用金钱能做到他们喜欢做的一切。
(4)_______ ________f, the meeting was a disaster.
总之，那会议糟透了。
(5) _______ ________, I would like to borrow another ancient saying that “He laughs best who
laughs last”.
我将用另一句古语来总结这篇文章，即“笑到最后的人笑得最好”。
Keys: (1)All in all (2)In short (3)In a word (4)In brief (5)To conclude
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1.Canada will _________(禁止) smoking in all offices later this year.
2.Don't indulge in rich sauces, _________(油炸的) food, and thick pastry as these are high in fat.
3.They might well be prepared to do you _________(伤害) in order to achieve their purpose.
4.Although not essential, some prior knowledge of statistics is _________(值得拥有的).
5.It can be _________(有利的) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
6.From the three pieces of advice offered by the author, we can _________(推断出)that
Yoga has nothing to do with culture.
Keys: 1. ban 2. fried 3. harm 4. desirable 5. beneficial 6. conclude
二、单句语法填空
1.Romantic needs to create, seeks __________(desirable) romantic also becomes is not romantic.
2.They had the foresight _________(invest) in new technology.
3.We all know, baked or __________(fry) food may be tasty, but eating too much of them will probably lead to some illnesses.
4.His only vice is to get drunk on champagne after ___________(conclude) a successful piece
of business.
5.Smoking is not only _________(harm) to smokers themselves, but also threatens other people's health.
6.While a moderate amount of stress can be _________(benefit), too much stress can exhaust you.
Keys: 1. desirably 2. to invest 3. fried 4. concluding 5. harmful 6. beneficial
三、完成句子
1.The technology, ______ ______ ______, could have applications in such fields as
military, medicine and public safety.
在我看来，这项技术可以应用于军事、医药和公共安全等领域。
2.Lung cancer has now overtaken breast cancer ______ ______ ______ ______death for
women in the U.S.
肺癌作为一种美国女性死亡原因现已超过了乳腺癌。
3.Modern computers can organize ______ ______ ______ data very quickly.
现代计算机能迅速处理大量的信息资料。
4.Research opportunities exist in ______ ______ ______ _______ areas.
研究机会存在于广泛的领域中。
5.______ ______ , he served as a visiting professor at several American universities.
除此之外，他还是几所美国大学的访问教授。
6.They also focus on deeper, more important qualities in the match that ______ ______ ______ society.
他们也关注比赛中所体现的更深层次、更重要的特质，那些有利于社会的特质。
Keys: 1. in my opinion 2. as a cause of 3. large amounts of 4. a wide range of
5.In addition 6. are beneficial to
写作高效提升
话题短语
regarding 关于
complaint from 来自.......的抱怨
be in trouble 处于困境中；带来麻烦
had a bad influence 有坏的影响
take action 采取行动
be grateful 不胜感激
look into the matter 调查这个事情
on the contrary 相反
expecting an early reply 期待尽快的答复
话题佳句
【引人入胜的开头句】
This letter is a plaint concerning the actions of one of your salespersons。
这封信是关于你的一个销售人员的起诉。
I am writing to express air dissatisfaction,disappointment concern regarding accommodation.
我写信是为了表达对住宿的不满失望担忧。
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
　I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate‘s inconsiderate behavior.
我必须说明，我不满的原因是我的室友不顾他人的行为。
She then said in a rude tone that if I couldn’t find one， it meant that the store didn’t have it， and that I needed to look somewhere else.
然后她说粗鲁的声音，如果我找不到人，这意味着商店没有它，和我需要到别处看看。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own. Therefore， I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me， preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible.
我相信你会同意，我唯一的解决办法是搬到一个我自我的房间里。所以，我将不胜感激，如果你能为我找到一个单一的房间，最好不要在同一栋建筑，但尽可能靠近大学学校。
I felt that Ms Wang was rude. I hope that you will look into the matter: I shop frequently at your store and I look forward to a more pleasurable shopping experience next time.
我觉得，王女士很粗鲁。我期望你会调查此事：我经常在你的店购物，我期待着下次购物会有一个更愉快的购物经验。
写作范例
【写作任务】
假如你是李华。看过广告你买了某家公司的一种面霜(the cream)。广告说这种面霜含有一系列特殊物质，安全、有效，可以消除脸上的斑点(spot)。但你第一次涂在脸上的第二天早上，就感到痒(tickle)，像虫子在爬。而且用得越多，症状越严重。这严重影响了你的工作和生活。请你写一封投诉信说明情况，并要求该公司退货、支付医疗费用并严肃调查此事件。
【写作指导】
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为投诉信；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称；
3．确定时态：本文时态主要应用一般现在时和一般过去时。
二、构思
第一部分：引出主题，说明投诉原因。
第二部分：详细说出投诉要点，给出具体的信息。
第三部分：说出要求。
【学以致用】
重点词语
1．抱怨：___________________
2．一系列的：___________________
3．去除：___________________
4．好像：___________________
5．意识到：___________________
6．副作用：___________________
7．调查：___________________
8．打算做某事：___________________
Keys:
1．complain about　　　2．a range of/a series of 3．keep ... out of/remove
4．as if/as though 5．be aware of/realize 6．side effect 7．look into/research
8．be intended to do/plan to do
完成句子：
1．在广告中，你们声称：面霜含有一系列特殊物质，安全、有效，可以消除脸上的斑点。
In your advertisement, you claim that the cream has ___________________ special materials and is ___________________, and it can keep the spots out of the face.
2．我第一次将其抹在脸上时，认真按照说明操作的。
______________I applied it to my face, I followed the instruction carefully.
3．我感到痒(tickle)，像虫子在爬。
I felt my face tickling__________something were crawling.
4．我用得越多，症状越严重。
______________I used it, ____________ the symptom became.
5．这种面霜，严重影响了我的生活和工作。
The cream_______________my life and work.
6.我要求该公司退掉面霜、支付医疗费用并严肃调查此事件。
I want to send back this cream, meanwhile your company should ____________ the cost of medical service for my treatment and _________ the matter seriously.
Keys:1.a range of;safe and effective 2.The first time 3.as_if 4.The more; the worse
5.greatly affected 6.pay for; look into
句式改写
7.用which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句1
In your advertisement, you claim that the cream has a range of special materials and is safe and effective, ___________________________________.
8．用强调句式改写句5
_____________________________greatly affected my life and work.
Keys:7.which can keep the spots out of the face 8.It was the cream that
【参考范文】
Dear manager，
I'm writing to complain about your awful product “No spot” cream. In your advertisement, you claim that the cream has a range of special materials and is safe and effective, which can keep the spots out of the face.
The first time I applied it to my face, I followed the instruction carefully. To my surprise, the next morning, I felt my face tickling as if something were crawling. And during the following days, the more I used it, the worse the symptom became. And it was the cream that greatly affected my life and work. And I was aware of being cheated.
You have guaranteed that your products are safe and never have you mentioned the side effect. I want to send back this cream, meanwhile your company should pay for the cost of medical service for my treatment and look into the matter seriously. If not, I'm intended to accuse your company.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Your sincerely，
Li Hua
写作练笔
假设你是一位名叫李明的乘客，你对这次航班不满意，理由有四个：
1．航空公司把你的一个重要的包弄丢了，包内有一份公司机密文件；
2．飞机迟到一个半小时；
3．飞机上的食物质量很差；
4．服务员的态度也不好。
请就此事给航空公司写一封投诉信。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Manager，
My name is Li Ming. I am a passenger of your airline. I am writing this letter about your service. I am sorry to say that I'm very unhappy about your airline.
Firstly, your airline lost one of my bags in which there is an important file. Secondly, my plane was one and a half hours late. Thirdly, the food on the plane was terrible. Fourthly, I hate to have to say this, but I think that the attendants at the airport were unfriendly and impolite. Honestly speaking, the focus of my complaint is where my bag is.
I do hope you can help me find my bag and improve your service.
Yours，
Li Ming