Unit12 Innovation Period One Topic Talk 学案（含答案）

UNIT 12 INNOVATION
美文导入
素养解读：近几年英语高考的突出特点是坚持能力立意，突出对核心素养的考查。下面这篇文章就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开的。文章介绍了与本单元科技创新话题紧密相关的内容，有助于提升同学们对新兴科技的兴趣，从而树立积极的钻研科学、投身与科学的探索精神。
主题：人与自然 学科素养：思维品质 难度系数：★★★★★
【语篇导读】
本文介绍了Yaron Gurovich研究出一种新的分析面部照片的神经网，可以通过分析面部图片帮助医生缩小诊断范围，从而可以实现人工智能看脸识疾病。
People with genetic syndromes (综合征) sometimes have revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural (神经系统) network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities.
Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and return a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.
They based the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labeled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes.The team then asked AI to identify potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.
Gurovich and his team also tested the neural network's ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations (基因突变) that can lead to the same syndrome.They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome[注], which can result from mutations in any one of five genes.DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not perfect, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.
As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that are most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.
The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about privacy. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle,secretly use such techniques to discriminate against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. However, Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians.
This technique could bring significant benefits for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, in turn, help find new treatments or cures.
注：努南综合征(Noonan syndrome) 是一种在临床上具有相同的表型，但是在遗传上却存在异质性的疾病。
课标词汇
tricky / tr ki/ adj. 狡猾的；机警的；棘手的
identify /a dent fa / vt. 确定；鉴定；识别，辨认出；使参与；把……看成一样
vi. 确定；认同；一致
disorder /d s d r/ n. 骚乱；混乱
probability / pr b b l ti/ n. 可能性；机率
narrow down 缩小；限制；减少
result from 起因于；由......造成
in principle 大体上；原则上
discriminate against 歧视；区别对待
be available for 有效；对......有用
cut down 削减；砍倒；杀死
句型精析
1.As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that are most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view.
分析：这是一个简单句。句子的主语为the facial regions， 谓语为 are highlighted和 made available；that are most helpful in the determination是定语从句，As the system makes its assessments为状语。
译文：在这个系统作出评估的时候，在确诊中最有帮助作用的面部区域被照亮，使大夫得以仔细检查。
2.If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle,secretly use such techniques to discriminate against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders.
分析：本句虽然包含有状语从句、定语从句，但仍然是一个简单句，主、谓、宾分别为： employers and insurance providers，use such techniques。If faces can reveal details about genetics是条件状语从句，in principle,secretly 是状语，to discriminate against people是动词不定式作目的状语，who have a high probability of having certain disorders是people的定语从句。
译文：如果面部能透露基因的具体情况，那么，雇主和保险公司大体上就能秘密地运用这些的技术区别对待那些很可能有一定疾病的人员。
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
掌握形容词和短语介词方面的用法；
熟练运用I’m afraid, would you please tell us, does that mean, could you explain来表示有礼貌的请求；
学会介绍一个发明家及其发明；
通过网络、书刊了解一些最新最有意义的发明创造。
【素养提升】
充分认识到科技是人类进步的重要力量；
逐步积累科学、技术方面的知识，培养自己的科学素养；
关心科学、技术的发展，树立投身于科技创新的理想，造福人类。
Period One Topic Talk
课前自主预习
重点单词
well-being n. ______________
2.entertainment n. ______________
3.innovation n. ______________
4.gifted adj. ______________
5.labour-saving adj. ______________
6.productive adj. ______________
7.garbage n. ______________
8.device n. ______________
Keys:
1.健康，幸福，舒适 2.娱乐节目 3.新发明，新发明，新观念；革新，创新 4.有天赋的，有才华的 5.节省劳力的 6.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的 7.垃圾 8.设备，装置；修辞手段
重点词块
1.对.......感兴趣______________ 2.一种______________
3.变成______________ 4.适应______________
5.labor-saving machine______________ 6. totally agree______________
7. be placed into ______________ 8. at the moment
9. put into operation______________ 10. not...until...______________
Keys: 1. be interested in... 2. a type of 3. turn into 4. adapt to
5.省力机器 6.完全同意 7. 被放进 8. 此刻；当时 9.使生效；使运转 10.直到......才
重点句式
1.What are the inventions you _____________________(没有就无法生存) (without后省略宾语)
2.How life has been transformed ______________________(在如此短的时间内) !.（such a+n.）
Keys: 1. cannot live without 2.in such a short time
课堂新知讲练
词汇拓讲
1.well-being n. 健康，幸福，舒适
(P50)improving the well-being of human life
【翻译】提升人类的幸福
【用法详解】
well-being n. 健康，幸福，舒适
Clara had never experienced such well-being in all her life.
克拉拉一生中从未体验过这样的幸福。
Striking a balance between life and work is critical to improving people's overall
well-being.
工作与生活的之间平衡对于提升人们的整体幸福感而言至关重要。
There is no straightforward equivalence between economic progress and social well-being.
经济进步与社会福利之间绝非简单等同。
Striking a balance between life and work is critical to improving people's overall well-being.
工作与生活的之间平衡对于提升人们的整体幸福感而言至关重要。
He believes better relations with China are fundamental to the well-being of the area.
他相信与中国的更好关系对这个地区的福祉是绝对必要的。
well-being也可以well being, wellbeing
It gave him security and a sense of well being, hope and dreams of a future filled with good food and a life different from this meager existence.
它让约翰觉得安心和幸福感，希望和一个充满美味食物的未来，一个完全不同于他现在贫穷，饥饿的生存现状的世界。
Aside from the possibility of increased heart rate, trouble sleeping and discoloration of teeth, there's another a way that a cup of joe can be detrimental to your well being.
除了心率增加的可能性之外，还有无法入眠和使牙齿变色。 这是一杯咖啡对你健康的身体造成的伤害的另外一种方式。
Initially, when we go to a warm place, we feel the relief, and there's this spiky level of
wellbeing.
一开始，当我们去到一个温暖的地方，我们会感到放松，幸福水平高到值峰。
But what does all this mean for the way we measure social and personal wellbeing
然而，我们衡量社会成就和个人幸福的方法都意味着什么？
【归纳拓展】
由well-为前缀构成的单词比较常见，不过，其后面一般用的是动词过去分词构成合成词。例如：
well-known 闻名的 well-prepared 准备充分的
well-done 做得好的 well-received 受到欢迎的；受到款待的
well-cared 照顾得好的 well-preserved 保存得很好的
well-educated 受过良好的教育的
well-read 博览群书的
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)She is a ________ and cultured woman.
她是一个博览群书且有内涵的女人。
(2)"Brazilians ________ ________ in these countries," says a Brazilian diplomat serving in West Africa.
“巴西人在这些国家很受欢迎”，一位在非洲西部工作的巴西外交官说。
(3)But these young people ________ ________ ________ in order to create and find
good jobs.
但是，必须使这些年青人作好准备，才能创造和找到好的工作。
(4)It is the largest and ________ ________ complex of palaces in China, as well as the largest
group of palaces in the world.
它是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群，也是世界上最大的宫殿群。
Keys: (1)well-read (2)are well-received (3)must be well-prepared (4)most well-preserved
2.gifted adj. 有天赋的，有才华的
(P50)persistent, hardworking, gifted
【翻译】坚持不懈的，辛勤劳动的，有天赋的
【用法详解】
gifted adj. 有天赋的，有才华的
She was an accomplished pianist, a superb swimmer, and a gifted artist.
她曾是一位很有造诣的钢琴家、一流的游泳健将和天才艺术家。
He was a natural politician, a gifted orator who knew how to work a crowd.
他曾是位天生的政治家，是位有天赋且知道如何凝集民众的演说家。
giftedness n. 资赋优异，天才
I think what I like to tell students is to consider what they're passionate about, what special are as of giftedness they have, and what drives your economic engine.
我想我喜欢告诉学生们的是，想想他们对什么充满激情，他们在什么特别领域中有天赋，还有是什么发动了你的经济马达。
【归纳拓展】
be gifted with 有......的天赋
He was gifted with a charming smile.
他有一副迷人的微笑。
Despite being gifted with superpowers, Doctor Strange is different from other comic book
heroes.
尽管被赋予了超能力，但“奇异博士”却和其他漫画书中的英雄截然不同。
be gifted in... 对........有的天赋
Indeed, he has a musical bent: he sings well, is gifted in composing songs, and even formed a band with his buddies.
他的确很有音乐天分：他歌唱得很好，有作词作曲的天赋，甚至还跟他的哥儿们组成一支乐团。
As a child, I was very gifted in colours and forms and all materials of art because my father is a painter artist enrolled me.
作为一个孩子，我是非常有天赋的颜色和形式，艺术的所有材料，因为我的父亲是一个画家艺术家招收我。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
So how can you tell whether your child's misbehavior is due to ___________(gifted)
Like Stephen Shore, he is a brilliant photographer who also happens to be a
___________(gift) and incisive writer.
It is more important than appearance, ___________(gifted), or skill.
(4)His room was jam-packed with fruit, flowers, and ___________(gift).
完成句子
(5)The young man_______ _______ ________ art.
那个小伙子有艺术天赋。
(6)Michael may have been a dunce at mathematics, but he _______ _______ ________ languages.
迈克尔在数学方面可能是个笨学生，但他在语言方面是有天赋的。
(7)He _______ _______ ________ a charming smile.
他有一副迷人的微笑。
(8)Apparently, he _______ _______ ________ a great memory and analytical skills. In short, he was talented.
显然，他被赐予了极好的记忆和分析能力，简言之，他是个天才。
(9)Her father_______ _______ ________ _______ _______ the garden.
她父亲在花园管理方面一直都是很有才华的。
Keys: (1)giftedness (2)gifted (3)giftedness (4)gifts (5)is gifted in (6) was gifted at
(7)was gifted with (8)was gifted with (9)had always been gifted in
3.productive adj. 多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的
(P50)helpful, convenient, productive...
【翻译】有帮助的，方便的，富有成效的.......
【用法详解】
productive adj. 多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的
He was hopeful that the next round of talks would also be productive.
他对下一轮会谈也会富有成效充满了希望
Relations of production must conform to the level of productive forces.
生产关系必须适合生产力。
Produce n. 产品；农产品 v. 生产；生育
The company produced circuitry for communications systems.
这家公司为通讯系统生产电路系统。
We guarantee the freshness of all our produce.
我们保证我们的农产品都是新鲜的。
producer n. 制作人；制片人；生产者
In June, producer prices slipped 0.1% from May.
六月份，生产商的价格从五月份下降了0.1%。
product n. 产品；结果；[数] 乘积；作品[ 复数 products ]
Try to get the best product at the lowest price.
尽力以最低的价格买到最好的产品。
We are all products of our time.
我们都是我们时代的产物。
production n. 成果；产品；生产；作品[ 复数 productions ]
That model won't go into production before late 2007.
那种型号要到2007年底才会投入生产。
productivity n. 生产力；生产率；生产能力
The result has been a giant leap in productivity.
其结果就是生产力的大幅度提高。
The increase in pay costs was more than offset by higher productivity.
工资成本的增加远非更高的生产率所能抵消的。
productivism n. 生产主义
The paper analyzed the theory of "productivism welfare regime" used as a model for East Asian social welfare studies.
该论文分析了“生产力主义福利制度”的理论，将其作为东亚社会福利研究的模型。
【归纳拓展】
productive capacity 生产能力；处理能力；生产率；生产效率
productive resistance 生产阻力
productive investment 生产性投资；生产投资
productive time 作业时间；生产时间
productive process 生产过程；生产流程
productive exercise 活用练习
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)More ___________(produce) farmers have been able to provide cheaper food.
(2)My time spent in the library was very ___________(produce).
(3)We manage to get most of our___________(produce) in farmers' markets.
(4)They had licensed the firm ___________(produce) the drug.
(5)James was called to see the ___________(produce) and got the job on the spot.
(6)The ___________(produce) is sold both at home and overseas.
(7)She is head of the ___________(produce) company.
(8)We need to increase ___________(productive).
(9)In all our___________(produce) the accent is on quality.
完成句子
(10)Science and technology are part of the ________ ________.
科学技术是生产力。
(11)________ ________ remained low by comparison with advanced countries like the United States.
与美国等发达国家相比，农业生产率仍很低。
(12)But if you work for a typical company, you're probably losing hours of ________ ________ every single day.
但是如果你为一家传统的公司工作，每一天你很有可能失去几小时的高产出时间。
Keys: (1)productive (2)productive (3)produce (4)to produce (5) producer (6)product (7)production (8)productivity (9)products
(10)productive forces (11)Agricultural productivity (12)productive time
句式解读
1.(P50)What are the inventions you cannot live without (without后省略宾语)
【翻译】没有你就不能生活的发明是什么？
【考点提炼】
为了避免和前面的the inventions重复，在介词without后面省略了宾语inventions。cannot live without......意为“没有......就不能活”。
【归纳拓展】
一、without有如下几个方面的意思：
　　1. (与-ing形式连用)不，无，没。如：
　　She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进了房间。
　　It goes without saying that health is above wealth. 健康胜于财富这个道理是无需多说的。
　　They had to stand for hours without changing position. 他们得一动不动地站几个小时。
　　It wasn’t very polite of you to serve yourself without asking. 你也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。
　　2. (表否定)没有，无，不需。如：
　　The letter was posted without a stamp. 那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。
　　We got there without any trouble. 我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。
　　You’ll get wet if you go out in the rain without an umbrella. 雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的。
　　I suddenly realized I’d come out without any money. 我突然意识到，一点儿钱也没带就出来了。
　　3. (用在no, not, never等否定副词之后，强调肯定)没有……不，没有……则不能……，每……必定……。如：
　　You can’t get rich without taking risks. 人不冒险不富。
　　The old man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。
　　Don’t go out without a coat: you’ll catch your death. 别不穿外套出去，会得重感冒的。
　　I never see this picture without thinking of him. 每次看到这张照片，我都会想起他。
　　4. (表条件)若无，若非。如：
　　I don’t like to go to a country without knowing something of the language. 我要是不懂得一点那个国家的语言，就不想到那个国家去。
　　Without water, we cannot live. 没有水，我们就活不了。
　　Can you see without your glasses 你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗
二、without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下：
　　1. without+宾语+副词
　　I’d be lost without you here. 没有你在这儿，我会一筹莫展。
　　I’m very near-sighted without my glasses on. 我要是不戴眼镜十分近视。
　　2. without+宾语+介词短语
We’d be better off without them as neighbors.
要是没有这些邻居，我们就过得更愉快了。
I don’t like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it.
我不喜欢加糖的咖啡，里边不加糖我更喜欢。
　　3. without+宾语+动名词
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.
无人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。
They debated for hours without a decision being taken.
他们争论了几个小时，也没作出决定。
　　4. without+宾语+不定式
　　Without anyone to help, how can we go on 没有人帮忙，我们怎么能进行下去
　　5. without+宾语+过去分词
　　Without another word exchanged, they started off. 没有再交谈一句，他们就出发了。
　　6.without有时可表示条件，引出虚拟语气，与but for大致同义。如：
Without [But for] appropriate software, a computer would be a mere box.
如果没有恰当的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了。
Without [But for] you, our project wouldn’t have succeeded.
如果没有你的话，我们的计划就无法成功了。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Life would be quieter _______________________________.
要是没有电话，生活就会清静一些了。
(2)_______________________________ I would have failed.
假若没有你的劝告，我想必已失败了。
(3)We were cast away by the storm on an island _______________________________.
我们被风暴丢弃在小岛上，没有食物，也没有淡水。
(4)I found myself in a strange place _______________________________.
我发现自己身处在一个陌生的地方，既无钱财，又无朋友。
(5)It was boring to sit there _______________________________.
无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了。
Keys: 1.without the telephone 2.Without your advice 3.without food or water
4.without money or friends 5.without anything to do
2.(P112)How life has been transformed in such a short time!.（such a+n.）
【翻译】在如此短的时间里，生活改变真大啊！
【考点提炼】
such a short time意为“如此短的时间里”。such a后面接不可数名词
【归纳拓展】
such作形容词，是最常见、也是最简单的用法，起到一种强调作用。
She's got such talent. 她很有天赋。
We're having such a wonderful time. 我们过得很愉快。
I've had such a shock. 我大吃一惊。
Why are you in such a hurry 为什么你这么匆忙？
注意上面例子中的such a wonderful time, such a hurry。
另外，such常用于以下句型结构（后面均可接that从句）：
(1) such +a/an+adj.+n=so +adj.+n
(2) such +adj.+不可数名词
(3)such +adj.+可数名词复数
I felt ill at ease in such formal clothes.
我穿着这样正式的衣服觉得很拘谨。
People like us are small fry to such a large business.
对于这样一家大公司来说，我们这样的人不过是小鱼小虾。
It isn't worth quibbling over such a small amount.
不值得为这样的小数目斤斤计较。
I can't believe that such little boys can do this.
我无法相信如此小的男孩们能做这样的事情.
She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.
她是一位很好的老师，我们都敬爱她。
Table tennis is such an interesting game that people all over the world play it.
乒乓球是一项很有趣的运动，以致全世界的人都参加这项运动。
It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.
天气太坏，以致我不得不待在家里。
They are such interesting books that I want to read them once more.
这些书非常有趣，我想再读一遍。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)It was _______________________________.
它是如此一个惊喜。
(2)He was always _______________________________.
他总是这样一个彬彬有礼的人。
(3)Unhappily, _______________________________ is rare.
遗憾的是，这样的好运太少了。
(4)I was very angry with myself for making _______________________________.
我很生自己的气，竟犯了这样愚蠢的错误。
(5)You are too young for _______________________________.
对于这样一个责任重大的职位，你太年轻了。
(6)She is _______________________________ that everyone loves her.
她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。
(7)It is _______________________________ that I want to read it again.
这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次。
(8) He showed _______________________________ that people took him to be a relative.
他表现得如此关心以致于人们都把他当作亲戚了。
Keys: (1)such a pleasant surprise (2)such a gentleman (3)such good luck
(4)such a stupid mistake (5)such a responsible position (6)such a lovely girl
(7)such an interesting story (8)such concern
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
(1)Great crises often call forth _________(天才的) leaders.
(2)Fear for the safety or _________(幸福) of yourself and others you care about, e.g.
your parents or your brothers and sisters.
(3)His death has left a void in the _________(娱乐) world that can never be filled.
(4)Experts say drip irrigation is an _________(创新) whose importance is growing, as
climate change and rising population strain water supplies in many parts of the world.
(5)What we have gained in convenience from _________(节省劳力的) devices
over the past half-century, we have paid for in terms of a sharp decline in physical
activity.
(6)As their boss, what can you do to ensure that they are as _________(富有成效的) as
possible
Keys:(1)gifted (2) well-being (3) entertainment (4)innovation (5)labour-saving
(6) productive
二、单句语法填空
(1)He is a confident and _________(gift) Australian photographer.
(2)Their latest _________(productive) is aimed at the mass market.
(3)The Dove Foundation aims to promote wholesome family _________(entertain).
(4)The "New York Tribune" namelessly attributed the _________(innovate) of the
hamburger to the stand on the street.
(5)The new technologies—_________(labour-saving) inventions, factory production,
engines powered by fossil fuels—spread to other parts of western Europe and later
to America.
Keys: (1)gifted (2)product (3)entertainment (4)innovation (5)labour-saving
三、完成句子
(1)He _______ _______ _______ rare eloquence.
他天生具有罕见的口才。
(2)The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to _______ _______
the change.
这个世界将会不同，所以我们必须准备好适应变化。
(3)Nowadays, some people _______ _______ _______ mobile phones for even
one hour, becoming slaves of mobile phones.
如今，有些人甚至离开手机一小时都不行，成为了手机的奴隶。
(4)If you wish, all the imported XDE files _______ _______ _______ _______
a single UML project.
如果您愿意，所有导入的XDE文件都可以被置于一个单独的UML项目中。
(5)Repeat positive affirmations when you start to feel down or in the midst of self doubt.
当你感到沮丧或对自己产生怀疑的时候，请反复的正面肯定自己。
(6)_______ _______ _______ your dreams and one day they may come true
坚持你的梦想，总有一天它会实现的。
Keys:(1)is gifted with (2)adapt to (3)cannot live without (4) can be placed into
(5) feel down (6)Hold on to