Unit12 Innovation Period Four Lesson 3 学案（含答案）.

UNIT 12 INNOVATION
Period Four Lesson 3
课前自主预习
重点单词
1.theoretical adj.______________
2.overcome vt. ______________
3.grand adj. ______________
4. ______________ vi. 减少，降低
5. ______________n. 意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利
6.______________ n. 重力，引力
Keys:
1. 理论的 2.克服（困难），控制（感情）；征服，战胜 3.宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的
4.decline 5.bonus 6.gravity
重点词块
1.恶化______________ 2.黑洞______________
3.结果______________ 4.而不是______________
5.不管；尽管______________ 6.指向 ______________
7. 早期 ______________ 8. 在......的开幕式上______________
9.lose one’s speech ______________ 10. separate from______________
11. put together______________ 12.be proud of...______________
13. be diagnosed with______________ 14.be allowed to do sth.______________
Keys: 1. get worse 2. black hole 3. in spite of 4. point to 5.a waste of time 6.point to 7. early stage 8. at the opening of... 9. 说不出话 10. 分开；隔开 11. 组合；放在一起 12. 为......自豪 13. 被诊断出 14. 被允许做某事
重点句式
1.Hawking was famous, ____________________(不仅因为) his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology, __________ (还因为) overcoming the challenges of ALS (a disease that affects muscle control). (不仅.......而且......)
2.And he believed this was because of the help _______________________________________ (收到来自他的家人，大量的人们及组织机构). (省略关系词的定语从句)
Keys:1. not just for; but also for 2. he received from his family and a large number of people and organisations
课文预读
一、阅读理解
1.How old was Hawking when he died
A.76 years old. B. 78 years old.
C. 83 years old.. D. 86 years old.
2.When did physicians discover that Hawking had a rare, slow-progressing form of ALS
A. In 1942. B.In 1959. C. In 1961. D. In 1963.
3.What was the result of his operation in 1985
A. He lost his sight.
B. He lost his speech.
C.He lost his hearing.
D.He lost the use of his hands.
4.What happened to Hawking in 2010
A. He was expected to live for a few years.
B. He found his firs job in a university.
C. He published The Grand Design with Leonard Mlodinow.
D. He decided to write A Brief History of Time.
5.Which of the following is NOT true
A. Because of the illness, Hawking was allowed to do research only rather than teach.
B. Hawking was born with ALS in1942.
C. Hawking believed the birth of the universe created many small black holes.
D.Hawking thinks we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe.
1--5 ADBCB
二、判断正误
1.Hawking was famous for his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology.
2. Hawking once worked at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge.
3. Hawking began to research physics since the January of 1942.
4. Although Hawking’s physical abilities declined over decades, he never stopped his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.
5. A Brief History of Time was sold one copy for every 750 people on Earth.
1--5 FTFTF
课堂新知讲练
词汇拓讲
1.overcome vt. 克服（困难），控制（感情）；征服，战胜
(P58)Hawking was famous, not just for his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology, but also for overcoming the challenges of ALS (a disease that affects muscle control).
【翻译】霍金非常有名，不只是因为他在理论物理和天文学方面的杰出成就，还因为他战胜了ALS(一种影响肌肉控制的疾病)的挑战。
【用法详解】
overcome vt. 克服（困难），控制（感情）；征服，战胜
Molly had fought and overcome her fear of flying.
莫莉经过努力克服了对飞行的恐惧。
I realized that there is no way I can overcome it.
我意识到自己没有办法战胜它。
There will be no difficulty in the world that they cannot overcome.
世界上任何困难他们都可以克服。
We can and must overcome our shortcomings.
我们能够而且必须克服我们的缺点。
overcome还有“困扰”“熏倒”等意思。
The night before the test I was overcome by fear and despair.
考试的前一晚我被恐惧与绝望困扰着。
The residents were trying to escape from the fire but were overcome by smoke.
居民们正设法逃出大火，却被烟熏倒了。
overcomer n. 得胜者
If you never had a trial, how could you call yourself an Overcomer
如果你从未面对考验，你怎能称自己为得胜者？
When Christ overcame the world on the cross, he made you an overcomer too.
当基督在十字架胜过世界，你也在其中。
overcome difficulty 克服困难
overcome poverty 脱贫；战胜贫困
He worked very hard and was able to overcome difficulties in mathematics and shortage of funds. Finally, he got his bachelor's degree with honors.
在大学里，他发奋苦读，克服了数学基础差和费用不足的种种困难，终于以优良的成绩获了文学学士学位。
Its mission is to help the poor families to help themselves to overcome poverty.
它的使命是帮助贫困家庭，帮助他们克服贫困。
【归纳拓展】
over- 通常用作前缀，来合成一些单词，主要是体现在三个方面：
　① 表示”过度,过分”
　　overstudy n.用功过度(over+study学习) overwork n.过度劳累(over+work工作)
　　overact v.表演过火(over+act演出) overdose n.药物过量(over+dose剂量)
overproduction n.生产过度(over+production生产)
overcrowded a.挤满的(over+crowded拥挤的)
overjoyed adj.非常高兴;欣喜若狂 v.使大喜；使狂喜；使…喜不自胜
overall adj.全部的；全体的；一切在内的；综合的；adv.全面地；总地；总的说来
②表示”在……之上”
　　overlap n.&v.重叠 overlook v.远眺；忽视，忽略；瞭望；检查
　　override v.推翻,不理会 overwhelm v.压倒;泛滥
　　overbridge n.天桥 overlook v.俯视;疏忽
　　overcoat n.外套 overcome v.战胜,克服
③表示“翻转”
　　overturn 颠覆 overthrow　推翻 　overhaul彻底检修
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He died of a heart attack brought on by ___________(work).
(2)He wore an ___________(coat) over his suit.
(3)Too many poor people are living in ___________(crowded) conditions.
(4)Alex jumped up so violently that he ___________(turned) his glass of wine.
(5)The president vetoed the bill, and the Senate failed by a single vote to ___________
(ride) his veto.
完成句子
(6)Success grows out of struggle to __________ _________.
成功来之于克服困难的斗争。
(7)We're creating a movement to __________ _________.
我们正在行动起来，战胜贫困。
(8)We __________ _________ _________ hear that our team had won the championship.
听说我们队得了冠军，大家喜出望外。
Keys: (1)overwork (2)overcoat (3)overcrowded (4)overturned (5)override
(6)overcome difficulties (7)overcome poverty (8)were overjoyed to
2.decline vi. 减少，降低
(P59)Although Hawking’s physical abilities declined over decades, he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.
【翻译】尽管霍金的身体能力在过去的数十年间下降了，他从来没有停止研究，发展了很多关于黑洞的新观点。
【用法详解】
decline vi. 减少，降低
The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000.
员工人数已从217000人减少到114000人。
Hourly output by workers declined 1.3% in the first quarter.
工人每小时的产量在第1季度下降了1.3%。
decline 作动词时还可以表示“谢绝；拒绝”。
He declined their invitation.
他谢绝了他们的邀请。
He offered the boys some coffee. They declined politely.
他要给男孩们来些咖啡。他们礼貌地拒绝了。
也可作名词，意为“下降；在下降”
Official figures show a sharp decline in the number of foreign tourists.
官方数字显示外国游客数量骤降。
Official figures show a sharp decline in the number of foreign tourists.
官方数字显示外国游客数量骤降。
【归纳拓展】
on the decline 在走下坡路；在衰退中
decline and fall 衰亡；衰败
in decline 在衰退中
economic decline 经济衰退
decline stage 衰退期；下降阶段
decline to 降低至；降至
decline in... 在........下降
【易混辨析】
diminish, decline,decrease, reduce
这组词都有“减少，减轻”的意思，其区别是：
diminish v.指因为不断消耗，在数量方面缓慢减少，也指在素质或者价值的下降。
The supply of oil has diminished because of the war.由于战争石油的供应减少了。
decline v. (数目、价格、比率)下降；谢绝，婉言推辞；衰退，衰落。
Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined.去年芝加哥的犯罪率明显下降。
He declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我们请他吃饭的邀请。
decrease v.指数量上的减少；力量或者强度的减弱。
The population decreased a lot last year.去年人口数量急剧下降。
reduce v.指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。
He reduced the amount of money they could spend.他缩减了他们的开销。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Though cities grew in size and number for long periods, they could ______ ______ _______, too.
虽然长期来看，城市规模的大小和数量上不断扩大，但一定时期也会遭受缩减下降。
(2)Both these Numbers have been ______ ______ _______ for decades.
近几十年来，这些数字都在减少。
(3)Industry in Britain ______ ______ _______ ______ since the 1970s.
英国工业自20世纪70年代以来一直在走下坡路。
(4)Thankfully the smoking of cigarettes ______ ______ _______ ______.
感谢的是吸烟正在减少。
(5)Even chimp mothers regularly ______ ______ share food with their children.
甚至黑猩猩的母亲也经常拒绝与孩子分享食物。
(6)The figures represent ______ ______ _______ ______ employment.
这些数字表明就业率的总体下降。
Keys: (1)decline
and fall (2)on the decline (3) has been in decline
(4) is on the decline (5)decline to (6)a general decline in
3.in spite of 虽然，不顾；尽管.......(仍......)
(P59)In spite of his disease, Hawking didn’t consider himself an unlucky man.
【翻译】尽管他身患疾病，但是霍金并没有认为自己是个不幸运的人。
【用法详解】
in spite of 虽然，不顾；尽管.......(仍......)
They persevered in spite of all kinds of difficulties.
尽管有各种困难，他们还是坚持下去。
Some would spill in spite of the gang's threats.
尽管有暴力集团的威胁，一些人还是会把消息泄露出来。
They are both very cheerful in spite of their colds.
他们俩虽然感冒了，可都兴高采烈的。
In spite of his vices, he was loved by all.
尽管他有缺点，还是受到大家的爱戴。
In spite of the recession, profits have galloped ahead.
尽管还处于萧条期，利润却迅猛增长。
In spite of my outward calm I was very shaken.
我外表看似镇定，实则吓得不轻。
The balloonist cheated death in spite of the storm.
尽管风狂雨暴，乘气球升空者幸免于难。
【易混辨析】
despite,in spite of,notwithstanding
这些前置词或前置短语都含有“虽然，尽管”之意。
despite书面用词，指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍，语气轻于in spite of。
in spite of在这些词中语气最强，可与despite换用，口语或书面语中均可使用。 notwithstanding语气最弱，仅表示一种障碍的存在。
应当在此指出的是，在现代英语里，despite和in spite of的差距已日渐缩小，很多人已将它们互换使用。
Despite his advanced years，he is learning to drive．
虽然年事已高，他现在在学驾驶汽车。
Despite the drought，we expect a good crop．
尽管天旱，丰收依然在望。
He despised William Pitt, notwithstanding the similar views they both held.
他瞧不起威廉·皮特，尽管他们俩所持有的观点相似。
His relations with colleagues, differences of opinion notwithstanding, were unfailingly friendly.
他与同事们尽管有意见分歧，但关系一直很融洽。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)He went fishing _______________ rain.
尽管下着雨，他还是去钓鱼了。
(2)_______________ this, I slept heavily.
尽管如此，我睡得很熟。
(3)I went shopping _______________ the rain.
尽管下雨，我还是出去买东西了。
(4)_______________ his cries, no one came to his assistance.
尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。
(5)_______________ the poor weather the fishing has been pretty good.
尽管天气不好，捕鱼却一直收获颇丰。
(6)The bad weather _______________, the event was a great success.
尽管天气恶劣，活动还是取得了巨大的成功。
(7)_______________ some major financial problems, the school has had a successful year.
虽然有些重大的经费问题，这所学校一年来还是很成功。
Keys: (1) in spite of (2) in spite of (3) in spite of (4)Despite
(5)Despite (6)notwithstanding (7)notwithstanding
句式解读
1.(P58)Hawking was famous, not just for his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology, but also for overcoming the challenges of ALS (a disease that affects muscle control).
【翻译】霍金举世闻名，不仅是因为他在理论物理学和天文学方面的杰出成就，还因为他克服了ALS（一种影响肌肉控制的疾病）的挑战。
【考点提炼】
not just ...but also ...与not only...but also...同义，意为“不仅.......而且......”，后面接的是相同的介词短语，分别为for his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology和for overcoming the challenges of ALS。
【归纳拓展】
not only…but also是英语中比较常见的一个关联词组，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者。它的意思是“不仅 …... 而且 ......”；其中的also有时可以省略。
一、主要用法
1．连接主语：
Not only Jim but also his wife saw her.
不但吉姆而且他妻子也见到了她。
Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television.
不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。
2．连接谓语动词
The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.
英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。
3．连接宾语
The problem for the recipient was trying to guess not only who the sender was, but also what his secret feelings might be.
收信人不仅要尽力猜出是谁的，还要推测寄信人内心有什么想法。
4．连接宾语补足语：
Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.
浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。
5．连接表语：
Shakespeare was not only a writer but (also) an actor。
莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。
6．连接状语：
If your friend reminds you kindly of your faults, take what he says not merely pleasantly but thank fully.
如果低你的朋友善意地指明出你的缺点，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心怀感激之情。
7．连接从句：
He didn’t let us off the hook until we had proved not only that we knew what an organism was but also that we had the fortitude to stand up for the truth.
直到我们证明了我们不仅知道什么是生物体，而且具有坚持真理的不屈不挠精神时，他这才放过我们。
8．连接定语：
Man has become master not only of the sky but also of the space.
人类不但征服了天空，而且征服了太空。
9．连接句子：
I not only heard it, but (also) I saw it.
我不仅听到、而且看到了它。
二、倒装用法
Not only…but also连接句子时, not only 可以置于句首表示强调,这时第一分句要采用倒装结构。例如：
Not only has he a first-class brain but also he is a tremendously hard worker.
他不仅有着头等聪明的脑子，而且工作很能吃苦。
Not only had the poor man been arrested but he had been sent to prison as well.
这个可怜的人不仅被逮捕，而且被投进监狱。
10．用于 it is…that 强调结构
It is not only the scientist and the physician who need a long special training now, but the computer expert, the accountant, and the business manager.
现在，不仅科学家和医生需要长期的专门训练，计算机专家、会计师和企业经理也需要这种训练。
二、not only…but的省略及其变体
1．Not only…but also中的also可以省略。有人认为该句型所连接的第二部分最高级形容词或它所表示的范围、程度、影响等超过第一部分时，常将also省略。例如：
He is famous not only in China but (also) in the whole world.
他不仅闻名中国，而且闻名全球。
Not only do they suffer less pain than most women in labor, but the town boasts an unusually low rate of infant mortality.
这不仅使她们比大多数产妇受痛苦，而且使城市婴儿死亡率大大降低。
2.not only…but also句型一般只省略also,但在连接句子时，有时也可见到省略but甚至but also的情形。例如：
Not only was I tired, I was also cold.我不光困倦， 还感到很冷。（省去了but）
George not only made an important friend, he also learned about the frontier. （省去了but）
Since moisture is needed for rain, dry air in the morning not only allows the spider to get an early start, is also means a dry day.
有了湿度才会下雨，因此，早晨空气干燥不仅使蜘蛛早点开始结网，而且意味着这一天不会下雨。（省去了but）
Not only has she been an excellent wife, she has been a better husband than I’ll never be.
她不仅是一个极其出色的妻子，而且是一个我永远也做不到的好丈夫。（省去了but also）
Not only were there no traces of drinking water in the room, there was not sufficient water found in the dead star’s stomach to have comfortably taken the tablets with.
不仅房内没有饮用水的痕迹，在这位已故影星的胃里也没发现有把这些药丸舒适地送下去的水。（省去了but also)
3. not only…but also的形式比较固定，但也会出现but与also被分隔开来的情形。例如：
Not only the mother but the children are also sick.
不仅母亲，而且孩子们也生病了。
Not only is his right lung affected but his left lung is also.
他不但右肺被感染，而且左肺也被感染了。
4.not only A but also B的替代式常见的还有not only A but B…as well, not only A but B too, not merely A but also B, not just A but also B, not…alone…but 等。例如：
Not only my mother was unhappy, but Mary, too.
不但我妈妈不高兴，玛丽也不高兴。
In jurisprudence it is a well-known principle that justice should not merely be done but should also be seen to be done.
在法理学方面，人所共知的原则是：对受害者不仅应当公正对待，而且应当让人们看到他得到了公正的对待。
Not just the people of our nation, but all the people of the world have profited from his work.
不仅我们国家的人民，而且全世界所有的人民，都从他的研究工作中得到了好处。
Not poets alone, nor artists, nor that superior order of mind which arrogates to itself all refinement, feel this, but dogs and all men.
不仅诗人，艺术家以及那些自命不凡、思想杰出的人觉得如此，连狗和普通人也有同感。
【针对练习】
完成句子
1.I know ___________________________________.
我不仅懂英语，而且懂俄语。
2.A gas changes ____________ in shape but also in volume.
气体不仅改变形状，而且改变体积。
3.He was not only_______________________ but (also) _______________________ of his time.
他不仅是一位成功的作家，而且是他那个时代最伟大的诗人。
4.It is not only _______________________, but also _______________________, for which we are accountable.
我们不但要对我们所做的事负责，而且要对我们没有去做的事负责。
5.______________________________________________ on the matter, but the students have theirs too.
对这件事不仅教授们有自己的看法，学生们也有自己的想法。
Keys: 1.not only English but also Russian 2.not only; but also 3.a successful writer; the greatest poet 4.what we do; what we do not do 5.Not only do the professors have their own ideas
2.(P58)And he believed this was because of the help he received from his family and a large number of people and organisations.
【翻译】而且他相信，这是因为他收到来自他的家人，大量的人们及组织机构的援助。
【考点提炼】
the help he received from his family and a large number of people and organisations是省略关系词that/which的定语从句。
【归纳拓展】
定语从句由关系词引导。关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词有时可以省略，但这只限于限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，关系词则不可省略。归纳起来，关系词（关系代词和关系副词）的省略有以下七种情形：
1.关系代词作宾语时的省略 当关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时，可以省略。如：
Is there anything (which) you wanted 想要什么东西吗
Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to 刚才和你讲话的人是谁
2.关系代词作表语时的省略 当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时，可以省略。如：
China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。(that作表语)
3.关系副词when的省略 用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。如：
That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 就是那一年我第一次出国了。
I'll never forget the day (that) we met. 我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。
4.关系副词where的省略 用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。如：
This is the place (where) they met yesterday. 这就是他们昨天碰头的地方。
Have you somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour
你有没有一个什么地方可以让我躺一个小时？
5.关系副词why的省略 关系副词why通常只用于the reason后引导定语从句，且通常可换成that或for which，均可省略。如：
That’s the reason (why/for which/that) he came.
这就是他来的原因。
Give me one reason (why) we should help you.
给我举出一个我们应当帮助你的理由。
【针对练习】
请用含有省略关系词的定语从句翻译下列句子：
1.你刚刚参观完的那座城市，我去过两次。
________________________________________________________________________
2.我希望我提的建议有些帮助。
________________________________________________________________________
3.代沟是人们感兴趣的问题。
________________________________________________________________________
4.刚才和你讲话的人是谁。
________________________________________________________________________
5.这就是你一直在找的汽车钥匙。
________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1.I have been to the city twice (that/which) you just visited.
2.I hope the advice (that/which) I put forward will be of any help.
3.Generation gap is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.
4.Who is the man (that/who/whom) you were talking to
5.This is the car key (that/which) you’ve been looking for.
语言时空
【例句观察】
1.Mary came back because of the rain. 玛丽因为下雨回来了。
2.It is the best way of doing it. 这是做这件事的最好方法。
3.This is against the law. 这是违法的。
4.I found everything in good condition.我觉得一切都很好。
【我的领悟】
在以上的句子中，黑体部分都在句子中充当一定的句子成分。在句1中，because of the rain为句子_________；在句2中，of doing it为句子_________；在句3中， against the law为句子_________；在句4中， in good condition为句子_________；。
Keys:状语；定语；表语；宾语补足语
语法课堂
介词短语
一、介词短语的构成
介词在句中不能单独存在, 而是必须以介词短语的形式存在.。介词短语的构成如下 （其中 “介词 + 名词” 短语结构最常见）：
介词 + 名词
Unfortunately, there wasn't enough demand for our product.
不幸的是，我们的产品市场需求不大。
There is a real need for discipline in this class. 这个班级，没纪律不行。
2) 介词 + 代词
He always carried the photo with him．他总是随身带着那张相片。
He is not interested in that at all. 他根本对那个不感兴趣。
3) 介词 + 动名词
He entered the room without taking off his shoes．他没有脱掉鞋就进了房间。
He objected to being treated like a child. 他反对被当作小孩看待。
4) 介词 + 数词
She is a mother of two. 她是一位有两个儿子的母亲。
It is half past six. 现在是6点半。
5) 介词 + 形容词或副词
Your plan is far from perfect．你的计划远没有那么完美。
I heard someone calling me from below. 我听见有人在下面叫我。
6) 介词 + 另一个介词 + 名词
I saw her from across the street. 我从街对面看到她。
We never play bridge until after dinner. 我们只在晚饭后打桥牌。
7) 介词 + 名词性从句
The exercise are well done expect that some words are misspelled. 除了有些拼写错误之外，这些练习做得不错。
The car stopped only a few inches from where I stood.
汽车在离我站的地方仅几英寸处停下来 了。
He gave a lesson on how to improve soil. 他讲了一课如何改进土壤。
8) 介词 + 复合结构
I had no objection to Jenny marrying him. 我不反对詹妮和他结婚。
He sat in his room with no light on. 他坐在他的房间里， 没有开灯。
He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他亮着灯睡着了。
9) 介词 + 动词不定式
I had no alternative but to walk out. 我别无他法只好走出去。
She can do everything except cook. 她什么都会，就是不会做饭。
二、介词短语在句中的作用
1) 作状语
His parents work on a farm. 他父母在农场工作。
He arrived in Washington at five o'clock in the morning. 他早晨五点到达华盛顿。
2) 作定语
The book on the desk is very interesting. 书桌上的那本书很有趣。
3) 作表语
This book will be of great use to you. 这本书对你会有很大的用处。
4) 作宾语补足语
The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand. 老师手里拿着本书走进了教室。
追踪练习
完成句子
1.Put your hand ____ _____ _____ your right lens and just look through your left lens.
把你的手放在右边的镜片前，只看你左边的镜片。
2.He stole a sidelong glance at the young woman sitting ____ ____ _____ on the train.
在火车上他偷偷地瞄了一眼坐在他旁边的靓女。
I am writing ____ _____ _____ your job application.
关于您申请工作一事，现特函回复。
____ ____ _____ her worries, she passed the exam with flying colours.
尽管她有些担忧，但还是以优异成绩通过了考试。
I speak ____ ____ ____ many thousands of women.
我代表成千上万的女性发言。
The climbers made their ascent of the mountain ____ _____.
登山者在没有氧气的情况下登山。
I was just able to make out a dark figure _____ _____ _____.
我只能看到远处有个黑影。
答案：
1.in front of 2. next to him 3. with reference to
4. In spite of 5. on behalf of 6. without oxygen 7. in the distance
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1.This is certainly a ___________(理论的) risk but in practice there is seldom a problem.
2.This week Sabrina uses witchcraft(巫术) to ___________(克服) her fear of giving a speech.
3.This ___________(宏伟的) building in the centre of town used to be the hub of the
capital's social life.
4.The number of staff has ___________(降低) from 217,000 to 114,000.
5.Arrows would continue to fly forward forever in a straight line were it not for _________
(重力), which brings them down to earth.
Key: 1. theoretical 2. overcome 3. grand 4. declined 5. gravity
二、单句语法填空
1.It is _________(theoretical) possible for him to overrule their decision, but highly unlikely.
2.Juliet can find a way of _________(overcome) the difficulty.
3.Venezuela is the ideal starting point to explore the _________(grand) and natural beauty
of South America.
4.It is believed that ageing is a period of life of _________(decline) of body health and function.
5.And that is a rather deep purely mathematical consequence of understanding _________
(gravity) in this way.
Keys: 1.theoretically 2. overcoming 3. grandeur 4. declination 5. gravitation
三、完成句子
1.______ ______ for some of us, but for all of us.
这不只是对我们中一部分人的要求，而是对我们所有人。
2.Her earliest memory is of singing ______ ______ ______ ______ four to wounded
soldiers.
她最早的记忆是在4岁时为受伤的士兵唱歌。
3.Raw meat ______ ______ ______ ______ cooked meat.
生肉和熟肉必须分开存放。
4.He made one big mistake, and, ______ ______ ______, lost his job.
他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。
5.Neil's colleagues said he was actually in a joking, upbeat mood ______ ______ ______ the bad news.
尼尔的同事说, 尽管有这样的坏消息，他居然还有心情嬉笑、逗乐
6.They ______ ______ ______ ______ wait for cheaper technologies to be developed.
他们应该被允许等待更廉价的技术开发出来。
7.The drought ______ ______ ______ widespread loss of life.
旱灾导致了许多人的死亡。
Keys: 1. Not just 2. at the age of 3. must be separated from 4. as a result
5. in spite of 6.should be allowed to 7.has led to