Module 3 Unit 5 What's the matter with you? 语法讲解：介词的分类和运用（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
U5 Grammar ---介词
（1）介词的定义和分类：
介词在句子中不能单独作句子成分，后面一般有名词或代词。介词可以分为时间介词、方位介词 (地点介词) 和方式介词等。
一、时间介词：
常见的时间介词：in，on，at
观察下面例子，总结常见的时间介词in，on，at用法。
in：in 2018, in September, in summer, in the morning
on：on Wednesday, on July 5th, on Wednesday afternoon, on the morning of July 5th,
on weekdays
at：at seven o’clock, at night, at the weekend
总结:
常见的时间介词in，on，at用法：
(1) in后接_______________、_______________、_______________；泛指的上午、下午、晚上
(2) on后接具体的_______________；某一天的上午、下午或晚上；工作日
(3) at后接_______________；泛指的中午、夜晚；周末
知识拓展：
（1）其他时间介词：
before在…之前 after 在…之后
for (+一段时间) 持续…… from…to… 从……到……
during 在……期间
（2）介词past和to用法（在时间逆读中）：
<30分钟 分 past 时，表示“几点过几分”
=30分钟 half past 时
>30分钟 (60-分钟数) to (时+1)，表示“差几分到下个点”
【练一练】
一、选词填空。
1. I get up at 7:30 _____________ (at, in, on) the morning.
2.My father goes to work _________(at, in, from) 8:00 am_________(at, in, to) 6:00 pm.
3. The party will begin _____________ (at, in, on) 2:00 pm.
4. Many flowers come out _____________ (at, in, on) spring.
5. The autumn term in China begins _______________ (at, in, on) September.
6. He often plays football with his friends _______________ (at, in, on) Sunday.
7. Mr. Web goes to bed late _______________ (at, in, on) night.
8. I was born ___________ (at, in, on) the first of June__________ (at, in, on) 2002.
9. What is the first lesson_______________ (at, in, on) Tuesday morning
10. Rose always visits the museum with her family____________ (at, in, on) the weekend.
11. My mother goes to work____________ (at, in, on) weekdays.
12. I often get up at twenty ____________(for, at, to) seven in the morning.
二、单项选择题。
( ) 1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.
A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on
( ) 2.---- There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there
----- No. We can have a game of table tennis.
A. on B. in C. out D. up
( ) 3. A lot of students in our school were born____March, 2004.
A. in B. at C. on D. since
( ) 4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night.
A. on B. at C. in D. during
( ) 5. My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
( ) 6. The train is starting___five minutes.
A. in B. at C. for D.still
( ) 7. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening.
A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on
( ) 8. Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
( ) 9 ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.
A. In B. On C. At D. For
( ) 10 It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meeting.
A. at B. on C. with D. of
( ) 11. Why did you get up so early ___ this morning.
A. on B. / C. at D. in
( ) 12. He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 2011 and came back___ a cold morning last year.
A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia
( ) 13. Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
( ) 14. Mrs Brown came to China ____ 2016.
A.on B. of C. to D. in
( ) 15. ___ the morning of November 20, 2015, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning of Joe Hill.
A. On B. In C. With D. At
( ) 16. Ann moved___Hangzhou___September, 2012.
A. /; in B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in
( ) 17. They started off___an autumn afternoon.
A. during B. at C. in D. on
( ) 18. He often goes ____ school ____ six thirty ____ the morning.
A. for; to; in B. to; at; in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to
( ) 19. He arrived ___ Shanghai ___ 9: 30 ___ March 5.
A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on
( ) 20.The English teacher told me to get there____ half past ten.
A: in B. at C. on D. of
二、方位介词
（一）地点介词in/on/at用法：
1) __________ 表示地点时，指比较__________（大/小）的场所。如：at the school gate; at home
at the party; at the Beijing railway station; at No.2 Baker Street; at the bus station。
2) __________ 表示地点时，指比较__________（大/小）的场所。如：in Beijing; in the south of America
3) ________ 表示地点时，中文意思是，强调与表面接触。如：on the map; on the wall; on the road
练一练：
( 　) 1. Mr. Bean arrived __________ America __________ February 2nd .
A. at; at B. to; at C. in; at D. in; on
( 　) 2. Peter arrived __________ Beijing station in time.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
( 　) 3. The picture __________ the wall was from Japan.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
( 　) 4. Nobody dare to help the old woman lying __________ the ground.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
（二）树上介词：on/ in的用法
例： 1) There are some birds in the tree.
There are some apples on the tree.
总结&归纳: 是指“树上的外来物”
是指“树本身的物体”
练一练：
( ) 1. There are some birds singing___ the trees.
A. in B. on C. at D. from
( ) 2. There are so many apples___ that tree.
A. in B. on C. at D. from
（三）地点介词in/on/to的用法
看图，用in/on/to填空
(1) Guangdong is __________ the east (东方) of China.
(2) Guangdong is __________ the east of Guangxi.
(3) Guangdong is __________ the north (北方) of Hainan Island.
总结&归纳：
介词in/on/to在表示地点时的用法：
1) __________ 表示在内部，如：Guangzhou is in the south of China.
2) __________ 表示毗邻、接壤，如：Canada lies on the north of America.
3) __________ 表示“在……范围外”，强调不接壤、不相邻。如：Japan lies to the east of China.
【练一练】
( 　) 1. Shenzhen lies __________ the south of Guangdong.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
( 　) 2. Guangdong Province is __________ the southeast of Guangxi.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
( 　) 3. Korea is __________ the east of China.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
( 　) 4. China lies __________ the east of Asia.
A. In B. on C. to D. at
（三）空间介词
in front of （在前面，无空间包含关系）
in the front of（空间内部的前面）
练一练：
There are two cats _______________________________ the car. 小汽车前有两只猫。
The blackboard is _______________________________the classroom.
along: 沿着
across: 横过(平面物体)
through: 通过（中间穿过）
练一练：
1. Go____________Zhongshan Road and turn right at the second crossing .
　沿着中山路走然后在第二个十这路口向右拐。
2.Walk_________the bridge, you can see many modern buildings.
3. The students walked____________the gate.
（四）方式介词
in 用材料、语言 ； in+颜色 表示穿什么颜色衣服的人
with 用工具、某物
by 用方式、方法、手段
on 表示“以……方式”，多用于固定词组
练一练：
( ) 1.My mother often goes to work ___ bike.
A. in B. on C. by
( ) 2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me ___ phone.
A. through B. by C. on
( ) 3.The teacher is writing on the paper___ red ink and the blackboard____ a piece of chalk.
A.with, with B. in ,with C.with ,in
( ) 4.They talked _______ the telephone.
on B. with C.by
( ) 5.You can get some information _______ the computer.
in B. on C.by
【牛刀小试】
( ) 1. Tom sits____the classroom while John sits____the room.
A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of
C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of
( ) 2. Lucy sits____ the third row, ____Jim’s left.
A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on
( ) 3. Jiangsu is___ the east of China, but Japan is ___ the east of China.
A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to D. to; on
( ) 4. Don’t read ____ the sun. It’s bad ___ your eyes.
A. in; for B. under; for C. with; to D. in; on
( ) 5. The woman____ a blue dress is my teacher.
A. in B. on C. of D. at
( ) 6. When a piece of ice is taken ____ a warm room, it gets smaller and smaller until ___ the end it disappears completely.
A. in; in B. out of; at C. into; in D. to; by
( ) 7. A woman fell ___ the boat ___ the water.
A. off; into B. at; below C. down; under D. away; in
( ) 8. Japan lies ______ the east of China.
A. to B. in C. about D. at
( ) 9. Look ______ the map ______ China ______ the wall, please.
A. after, of, in B. at, of, in C after, in, on D. at, of, on
( ) 10. They work _____ a small farm _____ a river.
A. on; by B. at; on C. by; on D. in; in
参考答案：
总结:
常见的时间介词in，on，at用法：
(1) in后接____月份______、______季节_____、_____年份___\泛指的上午、下午、晚上
(2) on后接具体的_____某一天_____；某一天的上午、下午或晚上；工作日
(3) at后接____时间点____；泛指的中午、夜晚；周末
【练一练】
一、选词填空。
1. I get up at 7:30 ____in___ (at, in, on) the morning.
2.My father goes to work __from___(at, in, from) 8:00 am___to____(at, in, to) 6:00 pm.
3. The party will begin _______at___ (at, in, on) 2:00 pm.
4. Many flowers come out ____in_____ (at, in, on) spring.
5. The autumn term in China begins ______in_____ (at, in, on) September.
6. He often plays football with his friends ______on______ (at, in, on) Sunday.
7. Mr. Web goes to bed late _____at______ (at, in, on) night.
8. I was born ___on____ (at, in, on) the first of June____in___ (at, in, on) 2002.
9. What is the first lesson______on______ (at, in, on) Tuesday morning
10. Rose always visits the museum with her family___at______ (at, in, on) the weekend.
11. My mother goes to work____on___ (at, in, on) weekdays.
12. I often get up at twenty _____to___(for, at, to) seven in the morning.
二、单项选择题。
( B ) 1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.
A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on
( A ) 2.---- There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there
----- No. We can have a game of table tennis.
A. on B. in C. out D. up
( A ) 3. A lot of students in our school were born____March, 2004.
A. in B. at C. on D. since
( A ) 4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night.
A. on B. at C. in D. during
( A ) 5. My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
( A ) 6. The train is starting___five minutes.
A. in B. at C. for D.still
( B ) 7. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening.
A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on
( B ) 8. Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
( B ) 9 ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.
A. In B. On C. At D. For
( B ) 10 It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meeting.
A. at B. on C. with D. of
( B ) 11. Why did you get up so early ___ this morning.
A. on B. / C. at D. in
( C ) 12. He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 2011 and came back___ a cold morning last year.
A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia
( A ) 13. Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
( D ) 14. Mrs Brown came to China ____ 2016.
A.on B. of C. to D. in
( A ) 15. ___ the morning of November 20, 2015, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning of Joe Hill.
A. On B. In C. With D. At
( B ) 16. Ann moved___Hangzhou___September, 2012.
A. /; in B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in
( D ) 17. They started off___an autumn afternoon.
A. during B. at C. in D. on
( B ) 18. He often goes ____ school ____ six thirty ____ the morning.
A. for; to; in B. to; at; in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to
( D ) 19. He arrived ___ Shanghai ___ 9: 30 ___ March 5.
A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on
( B ) 20.The English teacher told me to get there____ half past ten.
A: in B. at C. on D. of
二、方位介词
（一）地点介词in/on/at用法：
1) __at____ 表示地点时，指比较____小___（大/小）的场所。如：at the school gate; at home
at the party; at the Beijing railway station; at No.2 Baker Street; at the bus station。
2) ___in____ 表示地点时，指比较_____大___（大/小）的场所。如：in Beijing; in the south of America
3) ___on____ 表示地点时，中文意思是，强调与表面接触。如：on the map; on the wall; on the road
练一练：
( D 　) 1. Mr. Bean arrived __________ America __________ February 2nd .
A. at; at B. to; at C. in; at D. in; on
( B 　) 2. Peter arrived __________ Beijing station in time.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
( C 　) 3. The picture __________ the wall was from Japan.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
( C 　) 4. Nobody dare to help the old woman lying __________ the ground.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
（二）树上介词：on/ in的用法
例： 1) There are some birds in the tree.
There are some apples on the tree.
总结&归纳:
in 是指“树上的外来物”
on 是指“树本身的物体”
练一练：
( A ) 1. There are some birds singing___ the trees.
A. in B. on C. at D. from
( B ) 2. There are so many apples___ that tree.
A. in B. on C. at D. from
（三）地点介词in/on/to的用法
看图，用in/on/to填空
(1) Guangdong is ____in____ the east (东方) of China.
(2) Guangdong is ____on___ the east of Guangxi.
(3) Guangdong is ____to___ the north (北方) of Hainan Island.
总结&归纳：
介词in/on/to在表示地点时的用法：
1) ___in_____ 表示在内部，如：Guangzhou is in the south of China.
2) ___on_____ 表示毗邻、接壤，如：Canada lies on the north of America.
3) ___to____ 表示“在……范围外”，强调不接壤、不相邻。如：Japan lies to the east of China.
【练一练】
( A 　) 1. Shenzhen lies __________ the south of Guangdong.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
( B 　) 2. Guangdong Province is __________ the southeast of Guangxi.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
( C 　) 3. Korea is __________ the east of China.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
( A　) 4. China lies __________ the east of Asia.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
（三）空间介词
in front of （在前面，无空间包含关系）
in the front of（空间内部的前面）
练一练：
There are two cats __________in front of__________ the car. 小汽车前有两只猫。
The blackboard is __________in the front of_________the classroom.
along: 沿着
across: 横过(平面物体)
through: 通过（中间穿过）
练一练：
1. Go________along____Zhongshan Road and turn right at the second crossing .
　沿着中山路走然后在第二个十这路口向右拐。
2.Walk___across__the bridge, you can see many modern buildings.
3. The students walked____through____the gate.
（四）方式介词
in 用材料、语言 ； in+颜色 表示穿什么颜色衣服的人
with 用工具、某物
by 用方式、方法、手段
on 表示“以……方式”，多用于固定词组
练一练：
( C ) 1.My mother often goes to work ___ bike.
A. in B. on C. by
( C ) 2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me ___ phone.
A. through B. by C. on
( B ) 3.The teacher is writing on the paper _______ red ink and the blackboard ______ a piece of chalk.
A.with, with B. in ,with C.with ,in
( A ) 4.They talked _______ the telephone.
on B. with C.by
( B ) 5.You can get some information _______ the computer.
in B. on C.by
【牛刀小试】
( B ) 1. Tom sits____the classroom while John sits____the room.
A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of
C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of
( D ) 2. Lucy sits____ the third row, ____Jim’s left.
A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on
( B ) 3. Jiangsu is___ the east of China, but Japan is ___ the east of China.
A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to D. to; on
( A ) 4. Don‘t read ____ the sun. It‘s bad ___ your eyes.
A. in; for B. under; for C. with; to D. in; on
( A ) 5. The woman____ a blue dress is my teacher.
A. in B. on C. of D. at
( C ) 6. When a piece of ice is taken ____ a warm room, it gets smaller and smaller until ___ the end it disappears completely.
A. in; in B. out of; at C. into; in D. to; by
( A ) 7. A woman fell ___ the boat ___ the water.
A. off; into B. at; below C. down; under D. away; in
( A ) 8. Japan lies ______ the east of China.
A. to B. in C. about D. at
( D ) 9. Look ______ the map ______ China ______ the wall, please.
A. after, of, in B. at, of, in C after, in, on D. at, of, on
( A ) 10. They work _____ a small farm _____ a river.
A. on; by B. at; on C. by; on D. in; in