中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
( 3 ) 课内语法精讲
课内句子： Don’t enter. 不得进入。 (祈使句)
祈使句
1. 祈使句无主语， 主语 you 常省去。用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等。根据语气的 强弱，句末使用感叹号或句号，句子朗读用降调。
2. 肯定结构:
Do 型: 动词开头
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ 请这边坐。
【答案】Please have a seat here.
_______ _______ _______ _______. 请把门打开。
【答案】Please open the door.
Be 型： be 开头
_______ ________ ________ ________ ! 要做一个好孩子!
【答案】 Be a good child!
Let 型： Let 开头
_______ _______ _______ _______ 让我来帮你。
【答案】 Let me help you.
3. 否定结构:
Do 型和 Be 型的否定式都是在句首加 don't 构成。
1) _______ _______ _______ 不要忘记我!
2) _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ 上学不要迟到!
【难度】★★
【答案】 1. Don’t forget me! 2. Don’t be late for school!
★Let 型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let +宾语 + 动词原形 +其它成分”和“Let +宾语+not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。
3. _______ _______ _______ _______ = _______ _______ _______ _______ 别让他走。 有些可用 no 开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
4. _______ ________ 禁止吸烟!
5. _______ _________ 禁止钓鱼!
【难度】★★
【答案】 3. Don’t let him go. = Let him not go. 4. No smoking. 5. No fishing.
(
Practice
)
I. Translate the sentences
1. 让我们去学校吧! ________ go to school.
2. 下次细心点! _________ _________ next time!
3. 不要把书放这儿。_________ put the book here.
4. 别说了！请听我说！ Stop talking! ________ ________ me, please!
5. 不要在图书馆大声说话。_________ talk loudly in the library.
【难度】★★
【答案】 1. Let's 2. Be careful 3. Don't 4. Listen to 5. Don’t
课内句子： We must not leave rubbish. 我们不可以乱扔垃圾。
情态动词 must, must not
1. 情态动词的定义
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓 语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
注： 情态动词的语法特征
1) 情态动词只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2) 情态动词除 have 外，后面只能接动词原形。
3) 情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
II ． must, must not 的用法 肯定形式： must + 动词原形
E.g 在图书馆我们必须保持安静。
We ________ keep quiet in the library.
【答案】must
疑问形式： must 提到主语前面
E.g. 我必须现在完成作业吗？
________ I finish the homework now
【答案】Must
否定形式
1. must 表示“必须”, 否定式 must not (mustn’t)表示“不应该” 、“不许可” 、“不准” 、“禁止”等。这个时 候我们还可以用 Don’t+ 动词原形对其进行转换
We must listen to the teachers carefully in the class.
We mustn’t smoke in public. =____ ____.
【答案】Don’t smoke in public.
2. 在回答有“must” 的询问时，否定式常用 need not (needn’t) / don’t have to 表示“不必”, 而不用 must not, 因为 must not 表示“禁止”“不可以”
--- Must I clean the dining room at once
--- Yes, you must.
---No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.
3. must 表示推测 (“一定”、“必定”)， 只用在肯定句中, 其否定形式为 can’t，表示“不可能” The Chinese language must have the largest number ofspeakers.
must 和 have to 的区别
1、当表示必须、必要时：
You must come in time.
2.在回答引出的问句时， 如果是否定的， 不能用mustn’t (禁止， 不准)， 而用needn’t, don’t have to (不必) . 在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用 mustn’t (禁止，不准) ，而用needn’t, don’t have to (不必) .
Must we hand in our exercise books today
Yes, you must.
No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
3.must 是说话人的主观看法， 而 have to 则强调客观需要。
E.g. 1. The play isn’t interesting, I really __________ go now.
2. I ___________ go now because my mother asks me to go.
【答案】1.must 2.have to
4、must 只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
I had to leave early this morning because I had an important meeting to attend.
5. 表示推测、暗含有很大的可能性
You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
Your mother must be waiting for you now.
(
Practice
)
I. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)
1. You ______ keep quiet in the reading room. (★)
A. should B. could C. may D. must
2. - Must he come to sign this paper himself (★)
- Yes, he ______.
A. need B. must C. may D. will
3. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ______ take care ofyour luggage. (★)
A. can B. may C. must D. will
4. We hope that as many people as possible ______join us for the picnic tomorrow. (★)
A. need B. must C. should D. can
5. When I was young, I was told that I ______ play with matches. (★)
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
6. - Must I do the work now (★)
- No, you ______. You can do it later.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
7. This story book ______ be Bob’s sister’s because his sister likes stories very much. (★)
A. should B. could C. may D. must
8. - May we play football in the street (★)
- No, you ______. It’s dangerous.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
9. You ______ be hungry after the long walk. (★)
A. need B. must C. may D. will
10. - The man in white looks like our English teacher. (★)
- It ______ be our teacher, our English teacher has gone to Shanghai .
A. can B. cannot C. may D. may not
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. B
II. Choose the word or expression which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in each sentences. (选择与句子中划线单词的意思一致的选项。)
A. cross B. give food to C. light D. throw… into E. go into
( ) 1. You should enter a room with knocking.
( ) 2. We walk across the road when we see the green man.
( ) 3. There is a sign in the zoo.“Don’t feed animals”.
( ) 4. People should stop when they see a red man.
( ) 5. People must pick up rubbish and put it into rubbish buns.
【答案】1.E 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D
使用说明： 下列各题是虹口校区提供， 格式微调， 题目为校区原创， 只修改正误。可以 根据学生需要进行选择。
【补充练习】
I. Complete the following sentences according to the signs.
【Keys】1.park 2.buses 3.turn 4.bicycles 5.Don't 6.mustn't
can 和 be able to 的区别
Choose the best answer
1. I ________ swim to the bank after the boat turned over.
A. should B. could C. may D. was able to
2. It _________ be our teacher who is knocking at the door.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. wasn’t able to
3. –Mary,________you play chess
- Yes, I can do it very well. I want to join the chess club.
A. can B. may C. must D. Will
4. I’m sure he ________ correct his mistakes in grammar.
A. may B. must C.is able to D. should
5. – May we play football in the street
- No, you ________. It’s dangerous.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
【Keys】DAACD
P13 增加这种题型的练习
Complete the dialogue. (完成下面的对话)
A. What's this B. Never do that. C. People can park cars here. D. What does it mean E. Can we cross the road
A: The traffic light is red. 1
B: No, we have to wait at the lights.
A: 2
B: It is the zebra crossing. We must walk across it quickly.
A: A boy is running across the road. Is he right
B: No, that's wrong. 3
A: Look at the sign. 4
B: This means “Don't turn right here.”
A: There is a large “P” at the square.
B: 5
A: Oh, thank you.
B: It's my pleasure.
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
14
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23
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六
年级英语秋季班课程
)6A U7 课文词汇语法+听力 U8+语法综合+阅读(文化) +作文 (Rules in my class)
1 2
__________
3
__________
4
__________
5
__________
__________
【Keys】1.E 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
(
Homewo
rk
)
I. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)
1. There are rules on ______ road..
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. We must not eat ________drink on the underground.
A. with B. to C. and D. or
3. “We must not work on the grass.” Where do we have this rule ______________.
A. At home. B. In the classroom.
C. In the park. D. In the library.
4. What do these signs ________
A. means B. meaning C. mean D. to mean
5. We must not ______ flowers in the park..
A. pick up B. picking C. picking up D. pick
6. ______ a good boy, please!.
A. Am B. Be C. Is D. Are
7. These bad boys ______ the rules yesterday..
A. break B. breaking C. broke D. to break
8. Tom sees a cat on the road and he ______ it now..
A. chase B. chases C. chasing D. is chasing
9. We must wait ______ the pavement when we see the red man..
A. in B. on C. for D. at
10. The children are playing on the zebra crossing. It’s ______..
A. safe B. right C. polite D. dangerous
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. D
II. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给单词的适当形式填空)
1. We must keep ________(quietly) in the reading room.
2. We mustn’t ________(running) downstairs after class.
3. Today my family ________(go) to the cinema. The film was very interesting.
4. I often fly kites in the ________(centre) Park.
【难度】..
【答案】1.quiet, 2.run, 4.went 5.Central
III. Rewrite the following sentences as required. (按要求改写句子)
1. They can drive their cars here. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ ________ ________ cars here
2. Stop talking! (保持句意基本不变) ________ ________ talk!
3. The children are playing on the pavement. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ _________ ________ playing
4. Turn right! (改为否定句) ________ turn right!
5. We can find this sign in the library. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ we find _________ __________
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
16
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23
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六
年级英语秋季班课程
)6A U7 课文词汇语法+听力 U8+语法综合+阅读(文化) +作文 (Rules in my class)
【难度】..
【答案】1. Can they drive their
4. Don’t
2. You mustn’t 3. Where are the children
5. Where can …this sign
(
23
/
23
) (
六
年级英语秋季班课程
)6A U7 课文词汇语法+听力 U8+语法综合+阅读(文化) +作文 (Rules in my class)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
( 3 ) 课内语法精讲
课内句子：Don’t enter. 不得进入。（祈使句）
祈使句
祈使句无主语，主语you常省去。用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等。根据语气的强弱，句末使用感叹号或句号，句子朗读用降调。
2. 肯定结构:
Do型: 动词开头
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ 请这边坐。
_______ _______ _______ _______. 请把门打开。
Be型：be 开头
_______ ________ ________ ________! 要做一个好孩子!
Let型： Let 开头
_______ _______ _______ _______ 让我来帮你。
3. 否定结构:
Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。
1) _______ _______ _______ 不要忘记我!
2) _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ 上学不要迟到!
★Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let +宾语 + 动词原形 +其它成分”和“Let +宾语+ not
+ 动词原形 + 其它成分”。
3. _______ _______ _______ _______ = _______ _______ _______ _______ 别让他走。
有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
4. _______ ________ 禁止吸烟!
5. _______ _________ 禁止钓鱼!
I. Translate the sentences
1. 让我们去学校吧! ________ go to school.
2. 下次细心点! _________ _________ next time!
3. 不要把书放这儿。_________ put the book here.
4. 别说了！请听我说！Stop talking! ________ ________ me, please!
5. 不要在图书馆大声说话。_________ talk loudly in the library.
课内句子：We must not leave rubbish. 我们不可以乱扔垃圾。
情态动词must, must not
1. 情态动词的定义
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
注：情态动词的语法特征
1） 情态动词只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2） 情态动词除have 外，后面只能接动词原形。
3） 情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
II． must, must not的用法
肯定形式：must + 动词原形
E.g 在图书馆我们必须保持安静。
We __________ keep quiet in the library.
疑问形式：must提到主语前面
E.g. 我必须现在完成作业吗？
_________ I finish the homework now
否定形式
1. must 表示“必须”, 否定式must not (mustn’t)表示“不应该”、“不许可”、“不准”、“禁止”等。这个时候我们还可以用Don’t + 动词原形对其进行转换
We must listen to the teachers carefully in the class.
We mustn’t smoke in public. = __________________________.
2. 在回答有“must” 的询问时，否定式常用need not (needn’t) / don’t have to表示“不必”, 而不用must not, 因为must not 表示“禁止”“不可以”
--- Must I clean the dining room at once
--- Yes, you must.
---No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.
3. must 表示推测（“一定”、“必定”），只用在肯定句中, 其否定形式为can’t，表示“不可能”
The Chinese language must have the largest number of speakers.
must和have to 的区别
1、当表示必须、必要时：
You must come in time.
2.在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用（不必）. 在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用（不必）.
Must we hand in our exercise books today
Yes, you .
No, you / you .
3.must是说话人的， 而have to则强调。
E.g. 1. The play isn’t interesting, I really __________ go now.
2. I ___________ go now because my mother asks me to go.
4、must只有， have to 有
I leave early this morning because I had an important meeting to attend.
表示推测、暗含有很大的可能性
You’re Tom’s good friend, so you know what he likes best.
Your mother be waiting for you now.
I. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案）
1. You ______ keep quiet in the reading room. ( )
A. should B. could C. may D. must
2. - Must he come to sign this paper himself ( )
- Yes, he ______.
A. need B. must C. may D. will
3. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ______ take care of your luggage. ( )
A. can B. may C. must D. will
4. We hope that as many people as possible ______ join us for the picnic tomorrow. ( )
A. need B. must C. should D. can
5. When I was young, I was told that I ______ play with matches. ( )
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
6. - Must I do the work now ( )
- No, you ______. You can do it later.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
7. This story book ______ be Bob’s sister’s because his sister likes stories very much. ( )
A. should B. could C. may D. must
8. - May we play football in the street ( )
- No, you ______. It’s dangerous.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
9. You ______ be hungry after the long walk. ( )
A. need B. must C. may D. will
10. - The man in white looks like our English teacher. ( )
- It ______ be our teacher, our English teacher has gone to Shanghai .
A. can B. cannot C. may D. may not
II. Choose the word or expression which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in each sentences.（选择与句子中划线单词的意思一致的选项。）
( ) 1. You should enter a room with knocking.
( ) 2. We walk across the road when we see the green man.
( ) 3. There is a sign in the zoo. “Don’t feed animals”.
( ) 4. People should stop when they see a red man.
( ) 5. People must pick up rubbish and put it into rubbish buns.
I. Complete the following sentences according to the signs.
can 和be able to 的区别
Choose the best answer
1. I ________ swim to the bank after the boat turned over.
A. should B. could C. may D. was able to
2. It _________ be our teacher who is knocking at the door.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. wasn’t able to
3. –Mary, ______ you play chess
- Yes, I can do it very well. I want to join the chess club.
can B. may C. must D. Will
4. I’m sure he ________ correct his mistakes in grammar.
A. may B. must C.is able to D. should
5. – May we play football in the street
- No, you ______. It’s dangerous.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
P13增加这种题型的练习
Complete the dialogue. (完成下面的对话)
A. What's this B. Never do that. C. People can park cars here. D. What does it mean E. Can we cross the road
A: The traffic light is red. 1
B: No, we have to wait at the lights.
A: 2
B: It is the zebra crossing. We must walk across it quickly.
A: A boy is running across the road. Is he right
B: No, that's wrong. 3
A: Look at the sign. 4
B: This means “Don't turn right here.”
A: There is a large “P” at the square.
B: 5
A: Oh, thank you.
B: It's my pleasure.
1 2 3 4 5
I. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)
1. There are rules on ______ road.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. We must not eat ______ drink on the underground.
A. with B. to C. and D. or
3. “We must not work on the grass.” Where do we have this rule
A. At home. B. In the classroom.
C. In the park. D. In the library.
4. What do these signs ______
A. means B. meaning C. mean D. to mean
5. We must not ______ flowers in the park.
A. pick up B. picking C. picking up D. pick
6. ______ a good boy, please!
A. Am B. Be C. Is D. Are
7. These bad boys ______ the rules yesterday.
A. break B. breaking C. broke D. to break
8. Tom sees a cat on the road and he ______ it now.
A. chase B. chases C. chasing D. is chasing
9. We must wait ______ the pavement when we see the red man.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
10. The children are playing on the zebra crossing. It’s ______.
A. safe B. right C. polite D. dangerous
II. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.（用所给单词的适当形式填空）
1. We must keep ______ (quietly) in the reading room.
2. We mustn’t ______ (running) downstairs after class.
3. Today my family ______ (go) to the cinema. The film was very interesting.
4. I often fly kites in the ______ (centre) Park.
III. Rewrite the following sentences as required.（按要求改写句子）
1. They can drive their cars here. (改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ ________ ________ cars here
2. Stop talking! (保持句意基本不变)
________ ________ talk!
3. The children are playing on the pavement. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ _________ ________ playing
4. Turn right! (改为否定句)
________ turn right!
5. We can find this sign in the library. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ we find _________ __________
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