外研版（2019）高中英语必修三Unit 4同步练习
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．
My grandfather listens to the news b every evening.
【答案】broadcast
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我祖父每天晚上听新闻广播。 the news和 broadcast在逻辑上构成动宾关系，过去分词表被动，此处作定语，故填broadcast。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
2．
The men at the party were m fairly young.
【答案】mostly
【知识点】副词
【解析】【分析】句意：参加聚会的人大多相当年轻。 此处副词修饰谓语动词，故填mostly。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
3．
The competition was s by a foreign trading company.
【答案】sponsored
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：比赛由一家外贸公司赞助。 根据句意和空前的was ，可知谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，故填sponsored。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
4．
Tom l money, which kept him from going to the concert.
【答案】lacked
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：汤姆缺钱，这使他不能去听音乐会。根据 which kept him from going to the concert的时态，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，故填lacked。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
5．
China will host an e of some calligraphy by famous artists.
【答案】exhibition
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：中国将举办一些著名艺术家的书法展。 不定冠词an后接单数名词，故填exhibition。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
二、语法填空
6．阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Graffiti (涂鸦) and street art are forms of art created on walls or public surfaces. This art is often considered illegal because it is done without the (permit) of the building owners. These art forms (exist) since the times of ancient Greece. But the more modern style began forming in the 1960s in the cities of New York and Philadelphia. "Graffiti" often appears as words— (usual) the names of the artist or their art crew. Graffiti artists write the words in (create) ways and with colorful spray-paint.
"Street art" is more based images. Artists try to communicate a message through these images. Graffiti and street art can be controversial. They sometimes damage someone's property. Washington has tried to increase its fines for illegal graffiti, , however, is encouraging the creation of public art. America's capital city is trying hard (control) its illegal graffiti problem. At the same time, city officials recognize the value and importance of street art. There is high demand for more artists to make street art legally. But the city offers few (chance) for young D. C. street artists to develop their skills without (break) the law.
【答案】permission；have existed；usually；creative；on；which；to control；a；chances；breaking
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了涂鸦和街头艺术, 以及它们的合法性问题。
（1）考查名词。句意: 这种艺术通常被认为是非法的，因为它是在未经建筑物主人许可的情况下进行的。根据定冠词the和of可知, 这里用名词，故填permission。
（2）考查时态。句意: 这些艺术形式从古希腊时代就存在了。根据时间状语since the times of ancient Greece可知，用现在完成时，故填have existed。
（3）考查副词。句意: “涂鸦”通常以文字的形式出现——通常是艺术家或他们的艺术团队的名字。在句中作状语用副词， 故填usually。
（4）考查形容词。句意: 涂鸦艺术家以创造性的方式, 用彩色喷漆写下这些文字。修饰名词ways，用形容词，故填creative。
（5）考查介词。句意: “街头艺术”更多的是基于图像。be based on固定短语，“以……为基准"，故填on。
（6）考查定语从句。句意: 华盛顿试图增加对非法涂鸦的罚款, 然而, 这鼓励了公共艺术的创作。句中用关系代词which, 指代前面的一件事。故填which。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意: 美国首都正努力控制其非法涂鸦问题。try to do，固定短语，”努力做……"。故填to control。
（8）考查冠词。句意: 人们对更多的艺术家提出了很高的要求, 让街头艺术合法化。句中名词demand为可数名词, 故用不定冠词a。因此填a。
（9）考查名词。句意: 要求更多艺术家合法创作街头艺术的呼声很高。但华盛顿特区的年轻街头艺术家在不违反法律的情况下发展他们的技能的机会很少。根据名词chance前few修饰可知, 用复数形式。故填chances。
（10）考查非谓语动词。介词without后接动名词作宾语。故填breaking。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，时态，副词，形容词，介词，定语从句，非谓语动词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
三、完形填空
7．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I'm sure many of you are
familiar with the New Year's resolution (决心) —"get
fit" After a Christmas of staying （1） ,
watching television and eating far too much chocolate, I decided enough was enough.
January was going to be （2） .
January was going to be the start of the new, healthy me—less chocolate, more exercise,
an all-round healthier lifestyle. But （3） was I going to do this As I browsed the Internet
looking for （4） ,
I realized just how little I knew about ways to get fit. In terms of exercise, I
had always （5） you either played a team sport like （6） or
went to the gym. And with the arrival of January snow, playing football outside
didn't seem like the best choice, and as I have a deep-rooted （7） of
falling off running machines, the gym wasn't going to work out either. Plus, I've
never quite understood the idea of （8） to run inside when you could run outside with no
monthly fee!
（9） ,
I knew that I needed to research my choices further. The first thing I found was
the world of YouTube exercise videos. There are videos for just about everything.
The good thing about YouTube videos is that they are free, they are （10） at
any time (you can do them whenever you want) and you don't have to leave your nice
warm house to do them. But （11） you do them with a friend, it's （12） to encourage yourself to keep going, and without
an instructor there with you, it's sometimes hard to know if you're doing the move
（13） .
I then researched local fitness
classes and found my small town to be absolutely swimming with opportunity! I quickly
signed up to the overall sports club, had a look at the weekly timetable and （14） to
try them all out. So far I have tried out most of them. My （15） ones
are by far the dance-based ones that take place to music, because it makes exercise
so much more fun!
（1）A．alone B．energetic C．indoors D．outside
（2）A．different B．similar C．relaxing D．tiring
（3）A．when B．how C．whether D．why
（4）A．impression B．preparation C．inspiration D．permission
（5）A．confirmed B．admitted C．imagined D．promised
（6）A．tennis B．basketball C．badminton D．football
（7）A．surprise B．anger C．sadness D．terror
（8）A．paying B．planning C．hurrying D．playing
（9）A．Thus B．However C．Besides D．Otherwise
（10）A．cheap B．available C．useful D．safe
（11）A．if B．though C．since D．unless
（12）A．boring B．important C．possible D．challenging
（13）A．smartly B．quickly C．correctly D．slightly
（14）A．agreed B．longed C．refused D．managed
（15）A．regular B．creative C．ordinary D．favourite
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）C；（5）C；（6）D；（7）D；（8）A；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）D；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己探索适合自己的运动方式的经历。
（1）考查形容词/副词。A：alone“独自地，单独地”；B：energetic“精力充沛的”；C：indoors“在室内”；D：outside“外面”。圣诞节期间天气寒冷, 作者应该是一直在室内 看电视、吃东西, 过着很不健康的生活。故选C。
（2）考查形容词。A：different“不同的”；B：similar“类似的”；C：relaxing“放松的”；D：tiring“令人疲倦的”。根据下文的“January was going to be the start of the new, healthy me”可知, 作者打算用不同的方式过新年的第一个月。故选A。
（3）考查疑问词。根据下文的“ways to get fit”可知, 作者在考虑如何才能健康生活。故选B。
（4）考查名词。A：impression“印象”；B：preparation“准备”；C：inspiration“灵感”；D：permission“允许”。 作者浏览网上的信息以获得关于健康生活的灵感。故选C。
（5）考查动词。A：confirmed“证实”；B：admitted“承认”；C：imagined“想象，认为”；D：promised“承诺”。 关于运动, 作者原来一直认为只有两种方式: 做团体性运动或去健身房。故选C。
（6）考查名词。A：tennis“网球”；B：basketball“篮球”；C：badminton“羽毛球”；D：football“足球”。根据上文的a team sport like及下文的playing football可知, 作者把踢足球作为团体性运动的例子。故选D。
（7）考查名词。A：surprise“惊讶”；B：anger“生气”；C：sadness“悲伤”；D：terror“恐怖，害怕”。根据下文的“falling off running machines, the gym wasn't going to work out”可推断, 作者很害怕从跑步机上摔下来。故选D。
（8）考查动词。A：paying“支付”；B：planning“计划”；C：hurrying“匆忙”；D：playing“玩”。 此处是相对于下文的no monthly fee而言。即作者无法理解人们为什么明明可以免费在室外跑步却偏要花钱在室内跑步。故选A。
（9）考查副词。A：Thus“这样”；B：However“但是，然而”；C：Besides“而且”；D：Otherwise“否则”。 根据上文可知, 作者发现她所了解的两种运动方式都不可行, 因此, 她知道自己需要多做一些研究。故选A。
（10）考查形容词。A：cheap“便宜的”；B：available“可以获取的”；C：useful“有用的”；D：safe“安全的”。根据下文“you can do them whenever you want”可知, YouTube上面的视频是随时可以获取的。故选B。
（11）考查状语从句。句意：除非你和朋友一起做, 否则……。此处是unless引导的时间状语从句，故选D。
（12）考查形容词。A：boring“令人烦的”；B：important“重要的”；C：possible“可能的”；D：challenging“挑战性的，困难的”。虽然跟着网上视频做运动有诸多好处, 但是除非你和朋友一起做, 否则你很难激励自己坚持下去。故选D。
（13）考查副词。A：smartly“聪明地”；B：quickly“迅速地”；C：correctly“正确地”；D：slightly“轻微地”。 没有教练在身边, 有时你很难知道自己的动作是否正确。故选C。
（14）连词动词。A：agreed“同意”；B：longed“渴望”；C：refused“拒绝”；D：managed“设法，管理”。 作者渴望尝试运动俱乐部里的所有运动项目。故选B。
（15）考查形容词。A：regular“定期的，有规律的”；B：creative“创造性的”；C：ordinary“普通的”；D：favourite“最喜爱的”。根据下文的“because it makes exercise so much more fun”可推断, 作者最喜欢的运动是那些可以跟着音乐跳舞的类型。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读理解
8．阅读理解
If you're a cycling lover, you will have to pay a lot of attention to your bicycle and maintain it well, for bicycle parts are exposed to wear and tear (磨损) over time and you have to examine the bicycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, dents (凹陷) etc. Sometimes, a part may not work because it has exceeded its life expectancy. Sometimes, you will need to find replacement parts for it to keep up the performance of the bicycle.
Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part. One of the most important parts of the bicycle is the frame, You will need to choose a frame that lasts for a very long time. Of course, you will see some paint scratches after some time. When you're selecting a frame, you have to think about the material. Aluminium (铝) frames will not rust easily, but they have a higher chance to dent. Steel frames will be hard to dent, but you will need to make sure they get a good paint job so that they won't rust.
Wheels also experience a lot of wear and tear and you should go for a professional seller when you want to buy wheels. There are different types of wheels that you can buy, like Zipp wheels that provide more aerodynamic efficiency (空气动力学效能). Investing in new tyres instead of going for used is a good idea because you will be able to get more use out of it. The same goes for chain as there's a higher chance of a used chain breaking. You may also experience shifting problems. However, some parts of bicycles such as pedals can be used for a long time and you can find different styles.
Other parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem. When you are buying handlebars, you have to see if there are any dents or if they have been bent out of shape. There shouldn't be any cracks in the seat post or the handlebars. There are many shops where you can buy parts, so you will have to check the references to see how customers respond to them before you buy anything.
（1）According to the passage, cycling lovers should ______.
A．buy a new bicycle to keep up the performance
B．replace the bicycle parts with signs of wearing
C．choose Aluminium frames rather than steel ones
D．learn how each part of the bicycle basically works
（2）Which parts may be replaced by the used ones
A．Wheels and chains. B．Tyres and seats.
C．Handlebars and stems. D．Frames and pedals.
（3）The underlined word "references" in the last paragraph probably means "______".
A．materials B．prices C．introductions D．comments
（4）This passage is most likely to be found in ______.
A．a research report B．a popular magazine
C．a tourist guide book D．a product advertisement
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】主旨大意；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对于自行车爱好者而言, 了解自行车的各个部分是如何工作的非常重要。作者针对自行车各个部分, 如: 车架该如何选择、对于车轮和链条的选择等提出了详细的建议作为参考。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part.”可知自行车的不同部件磨损速度不同, 所以对每个部件的作用有一个基本的了解是非常重要的。即自行车爱好者应该了解自行车的各个部分是如何工作的, 故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Other parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem”可知座位、车把和车干可以用二手的替代, 故选C。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“to see how customers respond to them before you buy anything”可知你在买任何东西之前, 看看顾客的反应如何, 即对这些零件的“评价”, 故可推测画线单词意思为“评价”, 故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文为给自行车爱好者说明自行车各个部分的作用和注意事项可知, 此类文章最有可能出自一份流行杂志。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
五、任务型阅读
9．阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it
hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact,
the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock Here's
how to make one.
In order to make a
change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to
have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better
prepared for your day Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family
or roommates about the change you want to make.
Rethink mornings.
Now that you know why
you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want
time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by
setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. That's a quarter-hour more you
could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
Keep your sleep/wake
schedule on weekends.
If you're tired out by
Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating
on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a
recent study found.
Keep a record and
evaluate it weekly.
Keep track of your
efforts and write down how you feel. After you've tried a new method for a
week, take a look at your record. If not, take another look at other
methods you could try.
A.
Get a sleep specialist.
B.
Find the right motivation.
C.
A better plan for sleep can help.
D.
And consider setting a second alarm.
E.
If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F.
Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G.
Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
【答案】C；B；G；F；E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者提出了人们的睡眠存在问题, 并在文中提出了具体的改进措施。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后， 作者针对睡眠提出了一系列具体的改进措施推断, 作者提出了制订改进睡眠的计划, 故选C。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Once you are clear about your reasons”一旦你清楚了(及时起床)的原因，其中reasons即为起床的一种动机, 由此推断, 本段作者建议找到恰当的动机有助于及时起床, 故选B。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“That's a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer”如果你买了有计时器的咖啡壶, 你可以多睡15分钟，推断, 作者建议重新考虑你在咖啡厅排队等咖啡的15分钟, 故选G。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found.”一项新的研究发现, 周末补觉实际上使你下一周打瞌睡，推断, 作者建议在周末也要坚持作息时间表, 故选F。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“If not, take another look at other methods you could try”如果没有作用, 再考虑其他可尝试的方法，推断, 上一句表达的是“如果有效……”, 故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、翻译
10．大量的食物和水被送到灾区。
A load of food and water the disaster area.
【答案】has been sent to
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】send...to...，固定短语，“把……送到……”，根据句意可知谓语动词用现在完成时的被动语态，因此答案为：has been sent to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态以及固定短语send...to...。
11．厦门作为旅游城市而出名，每年都吸引上百万名游客。
, which attracts millions of tourists each year.
【答案】Xiamen is known as a tourist city
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】be known as，固定短语，“因为……而出名”，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，因此答案为：Xiamen is known as a tourist city。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语be known as。
12．读完这本书要花费你多长时间？
go through the book
【答案】How long will it take you to
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知本句是how long引导的疑问句，it takes sb. some time to do，固定句式，“某人花费……做……”，谓语动词用一般将来时，因此答案为：How long will it take you to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般将来时，以及固定句式"it takes sb. some time to do...“。
13．坚持你的原则，你就会胜利。
Stick to your principles, .
【答案】and you will win
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据句意和句子结构，此句是 ”祈使句+and+简单句“固定句式，简单句用一般将来时，因此答案为：and you will win。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定句式”祈使句+and+简单句“。
14．我外婆轻轻地将她昂贵的首饰包在手帕里。
in handkerchief gently.
【答案】My grandmother folded her expensive jewelry
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据句意，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，我外婆，my grandmother，她昂贵的首饰包，her expensive jewelry，包，fold-folded，故答案为：My grandmother folded her expensive jewelry。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时。
七、书面表达
15．假定你是李华, 你的英国好友Peter对京剧很感兴趣,
想了解中国的京剧表演, 请你给他写信介绍中国的京剧艺术, 并邀请他来中国与你一同观看京剧表演。内容要点包括：
1）介绍京剧；
2）邀请好友来中国观看京剧表演。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯；
3）开头和结尾已为你写出。
参考词汇: quintessence精华、精粹; ornate华丽的
Dear
Peter,
……
Yours,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
Knowing that you are interested in Beijing Opera, I feel quite excited and proud. I'd like to introduce Beijing Opera to you and invite you to come to China to see it with me, since you have always wanted to know more about Chinese culture.
With a history of nearly 200 years, Beijing Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre, which is considered as the quintessence of Chinese culture. The performers in ornate costume perform various stories that happened in history to audience by singing, dancing and motions. I can tell you more about it when we meet.
I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation and I'm sure you'll enjoy it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给英国好友Peter写信介绍中国的京剧艺术, 并邀请他来中国与你一同观看京剧表演。写作背景：Peter对京剧很感兴趣, 想了解中国的京剧表演。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）介绍京剧；2）邀请好友来中国观看京剧表演。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Knowing that you are interested in Beijing Opera, I feel quite excited and proud. 运用了现在分词作原因状语，宾语从句；I'd like to introduce Beijing Opera to you and invite you to come to China to see it with me, since you have always wanted to know more about Chinese culture.运用了原因状语从句；
With a history of nearly 200 years, Beijing Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre, which is considered as the quintessence of Chinese culture.运用了非限制性定语从句； The performers in ornate costume perform various stories that happened in history to audience by singing, dancing and motions. 运用了限制性定语从句；I can tell you more about it when we meet.运用了时间状语从句；I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation and I'm sure you'll enjoy it.运用了并列句和宾语从句。
1 / 1外研版（2019）高中英语必修三Unit 4同步练习
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．
My grandfather listens to the news b every evening.
2．
The men at the party were m fairly young.
3．
The competition was s by a foreign trading company.
4．
Tom l money, which kept him from going to the concert.
5．
China will host an e of some calligraphy by famous artists.
二、语法填空
6．阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Graffiti (涂鸦) and street art are forms of art created on walls or public surfaces. This art is often considered illegal because it is done without the (permit) of the building owners. These art forms (exist) since the times of ancient Greece. But the more modern style began forming in the 1960s in the cities of New York and Philadelphia. "Graffiti" often appears as words— (usual) the names of the artist or their art crew. Graffiti artists write the words in (create) ways and with colorful spray-paint.
"Street art" is more based images. Artists try to communicate a message through these images. Graffiti and street art can be controversial. They sometimes damage someone's property. Washington has tried to increase its fines for illegal graffiti, , however, is encouraging the creation of public art. America's capital city is trying hard (control) its illegal graffiti problem. At the same time, city officials recognize the value and importance of street art. There is high demand for more artists to make street art legally. But the city offers few (chance) for young D. C. street artists to develop their skills without (break) the law.
三、完形填空
7．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I'm sure many of you are
familiar with the New Year's resolution (决心) —"get
fit" After a Christmas of staying （1） ,
watching television and eating far too much chocolate, I decided enough was enough.
January was going to be （2） .
January was going to be the start of the new, healthy me—less chocolate, more exercise,
an all-round healthier lifestyle. But （3） was I going to do this As I browsed the Internet
looking for （4） ,
I realized just how little I knew about ways to get fit. In terms of exercise, I
had always （5） you either played a team sport like （6） or
went to the gym. And with the arrival of January snow, playing football outside
didn't seem like the best choice, and as I have a deep-rooted （7） of
falling off running machines, the gym wasn't going to work out either. Plus, I've
never quite understood the idea of （8） to run inside when you could run outside with no
monthly fee!
（9） ,
I knew that I needed to research my choices further. The first thing I found was
the world of YouTube exercise videos. There are videos for just about everything.
The good thing about YouTube videos is that they are free, they are （10） at
any time (you can do them whenever you want) and you don't have to leave your nice
warm house to do them. But （11） you do them with a friend, it's （12） to encourage yourself to keep going, and without
an instructor there with you, it's sometimes hard to know if you're doing the move
（13） .
I then researched local fitness
classes and found my small town to be absolutely swimming with opportunity! I quickly
signed up to the overall sports club, had a look at the weekly timetable and （14） to
try them all out. So far I have tried out most of them. My （15） ones
are by far the dance-based ones that take place to music, because it makes exercise
so much more fun!
（1）A．alone B．energetic C．indoors D．outside
（2）A．different B．similar C．relaxing D．tiring
（3）A．when B．how C．whether D．why
（4）A．impression B．preparation C．inspiration D．permission
（5）A．confirmed B．admitted C．imagined D．promised
（6）A．tennis B．basketball C．badminton D．football
（7）A．surprise B．anger C．sadness D．terror
（8）A．paying B．planning C．hurrying D．playing
（9）A．Thus B．However C．Besides D．Otherwise
（10）A．cheap B．available C．useful D．safe
（11）A．if B．though C．since D．unless
（12）A．boring B．important C．possible D．challenging
（13）A．smartly B．quickly C．correctly D．slightly
（14）A．agreed B．longed C．refused D．managed
（15）A．regular B．creative C．ordinary D．favourite
四、阅读理解
8．阅读理解
If you're a cycling lover, you will have to pay a lot of attention to your bicycle and maintain it well, for bicycle parts are exposed to wear and tear (磨损) over time and you have to examine the bicycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, dents (凹陷) etc. Sometimes, a part may not work because it has exceeded its life expectancy. Sometimes, you will need to find replacement parts for it to keep up the performance of the bicycle.
Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part. One of the most important parts of the bicycle is the frame, You will need to choose a frame that lasts for a very long time. Of course, you will see some paint scratches after some time. When you're selecting a frame, you have to think about the material. Aluminium (铝) frames will not rust easily, but they have a higher chance to dent. Steel frames will be hard to dent, but you will need to make sure they get a good paint job so that they won't rust.
Wheels also experience a lot of wear and tear and you should go for a professional seller when you want to buy wheels. There are different types of wheels that you can buy, like Zipp wheels that provide more aerodynamic efficiency (空气动力学效能). Investing in new tyres instead of going for used is a good idea because you will be able to get more use out of it. The same goes for chain as there's a higher chance of a used chain breaking. You may also experience shifting problems. However, some parts of bicycles such as pedals can be used for a long time and you can find different styles.
Other parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem. When you are buying handlebars, you have to see if there are any dents or if they have been bent out of shape. There shouldn't be any cracks in the seat post or the handlebars. There are many shops where you can buy parts, so you will have to check the references to see how customers respond to them before you buy anything.
（1）According to the passage, cycling lovers should ______.
A．buy a new bicycle to keep up the performance
B．replace the bicycle parts with signs of wearing
C．choose Aluminium frames rather than steel ones
D．learn how each part of the bicycle basically works
（2）Which parts may be replaced by the used ones
A．Wheels and chains. B．Tyres and seats.
C．Handlebars and stems. D．Frames and pedals.
（3）The underlined word "references" in the last paragraph probably means "______".
A．materials B．prices C．introductions D．comments
（4）This passage is most likely to be found in ______.
A．a research report B．a popular magazine
C．a tourist guide book D．a product advertisement
五、任务型阅读
9．阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it
hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact,
the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock Here's
how to make one.
In order to make a
change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to
have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better
prepared for your day Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family
or roommates about the change you want to make.
Rethink mornings.
Now that you know why
you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want
time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by
setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. That's a quarter-hour more you
could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
Keep your sleep/wake
schedule on weekends.
If you're tired out by
Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating
on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a
recent study found.
Keep a record and
evaluate it weekly.
Keep track of your
efforts and write down how you feel. After you've tried a new method for a
week, take a look at your record. If not, take another look at other
methods you could try.
A.
Get a sleep specialist.
B.
Find the right motivation.
C.
A better plan for sleep can help.
D.
And consider setting a second alarm.
E.
If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F.
Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G.
Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
六、翻译
10．大量的食物和水被送到灾区。
A load of food and water the disaster area.
11．厦门作为旅游城市而出名，每年都吸引上百万名游客。
, which attracts millions of tourists each year.
12．读完这本书要花费你多长时间？
go through the book
13．坚持你的原则，你就会胜利。
Stick to your principles, .
14．我外婆轻轻地将她昂贵的首饰包在手帕里。
in handkerchief gently.
七、书面表达
15．假定你是李华, 你的英国好友Peter对京剧很感兴趣,
想了解中国的京剧表演, 请你给他写信介绍中国的京剧艺术, 并邀请他来中国与你一同观看京剧表演。内容要点包括：
1）介绍京剧；
2）邀请好友来中国观看京剧表演。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯；
3）开头和结尾已为你写出。
参考词汇: quintessence精华、精粹; ornate华丽的
Dear
Peter,
……
Yours,
Li
Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】broadcast
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我祖父每天晚上听新闻广播。 the news和 broadcast在逻辑上构成动宾关系，过去分词表被动，此处作定语，故填broadcast。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
2．【答案】mostly
【知识点】副词
【解析】【分析】句意：参加聚会的人大多相当年轻。 此处副词修饰谓语动词，故填mostly。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
3．【答案】sponsored
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：比赛由一家外贸公司赞助。 根据句意和空前的was ，可知谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，故填sponsored。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
4．【答案】lacked
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：汤姆缺钱，这使他不能去听音乐会。根据 which kept him from going to the concert的时态，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，故填lacked。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
5．【答案】exhibition
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：中国将举办一些著名艺术家的书法展。 不定冠词an后接单数名词，故填exhibition。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
6．【答案】permission；have existed；usually；creative；on；which；to control；a；chances；breaking
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了涂鸦和街头艺术, 以及它们的合法性问题。
（1）考查名词。句意: 这种艺术通常被认为是非法的，因为它是在未经建筑物主人许可的情况下进行的。根据定冠词the和of可知, 这里用名词，故填permission。
（2）考查时态。句意: 这些艺术形式从古希腊时代就存在了。根据时间状语since the times of ancient Greece可知，用现在完成时，故填have existed。
（3）考查副词。句意: “涂鸦”通常以文字的形式出现——通常是艺术家或他们的艺术团队的名字。在句中作状语用副词， 故填usually。
（4）考查形容词。句意: 涂鸦艺术家以创造性的方式, 用彩色喷漆写下这些文字。修饰名词ways，用形容词，故填creative。
（5）考查介词。句意: “街头艺术”更多的是基于图像。be based on固定短语，“以……为基准"，故填on。
（6）考查定语从句。句意: 华盛顿试图增加对非法涂鸦的罚款, 然而, 这鼓励了公共艺术的创作。句中用关系代词which, 指代前面的一件事。故填which。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意: 美国首都正努力控制其非法涂鸦问题。try to do，固定短语，”努力做……"。故填to control。
（8）考查冠词。句意: 人们对更多的艺术家提出了很高的要求, 让街头艺术合法化。句中名词demand为可数名词, 故用不定冠词a。因此填a。
（9）考查名词。句意: 要求更多艺术家合法创作街头艺术的呼声很高。但华盛顿特区的年轻街头艺术家在不违反法律的情况下发展他们的技能的机会很少。根据名词chance前few修饰可知, 用复数形式。故填chances。
（10）考查非谓语动词。介词without后接动名词作宾语。故填breaking。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，时态，副词，形容词，介词，定语从句，非谓语动词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
7．【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）C；（5）C；（6）D；（7）D；（8）A；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）D；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己探索适合自己的运动方式的经历。
（1）考查形容词/副词。A：alone“独自地，单独地”；B：energetic“精力充沛的”；C：indoors“在室内”；D：outside“外面”。圣诞节期间天气寒冷, 作者应该是一直在室内 看电视、吃东西, 过着很不健康的生活。故选C。
（2）考查形容词。A：different“不同的”；B：similar“类似的”；C：relaxing“放松的”；D：tiring“令人疲倦的”。根据下文的“January was going to be the start of the new, healthy me”可知, 作者打算用不同的方式过新年的第一个月。故选A。
（3）考查疑问词。根据下文的“ways to get fit”可知, 作者在考虑如何才能健康生活。故选B。
（4）考查名词。A：impression“印象”；B：preparation“准备”；C：inspiration“灵感”；D：permission“允许”。 作者浏览网上的信息以获得关于健康生活的灵感。故选C。
（5）考查动词。A：confirmed“证实”；B：admitted“承认”；C：imagined“想象，认为”；D：promised“承诺”。 关于运动, 作者原来一直认为只有两种方式: 做团体性运动或去健身房。故选C。
（6）考查名词。A：tennis“网球”；B：basketball“篮球”；C：badminton“羽毛球”；D：football“足球”。根据上文的a team sport like及下文的playing football可知, 作者把踢足球作为团体性运动的例子。故选D。
（7）考查名词。A：surprise“惊讶”；B：anger“生气”；C：sadness“悲伤”；D：terror“恐怖，害怕”。根据下文的“falling off running machines, the gym wasn't going to work out”可推断, 作者很害怕从跑步机上摔下来。故选D。
（8）考查动词。A：paying“支付”；B：planning“计划”；C：hurrying“匆忙”；D：playing“玩”。 此处是相对于下文的no monthly fee而言。即作者无法理解人们为什么明明可以免费在室外跑步却偏要花钱在室内跑步。故选A。
（9）考查副词。A：Thus“这样”；B：However“但是，然而”；C：Besides“而且”；D：Otherwise“否则”。 根据上文可知, 作者发现她所了解的两种运动方式都不可行, 因此, 她知道自己需要多做一些研究。故选A。
（10）考查形容词。A：cheap“便宜的”；B：available“可以获取的”；C：useful“有用的”；D：safe“安全的”。根据下文“you can do them whenever you want”可知, YouTube上面的视频是随时可以获取的。故选B。
（11）考查状语从句。句意：除非你和朋友一起做, 否则……。此处是unless引导的时间状语从句，故选D。
（12）考查形容词。A：boring“令人烦的”；B：important“重要的”；C：possible“可能的”；D：challenging“挑战性的，困难的”。虽然跟着网上视频做运动有诸多好处, 但是除非你和朋友一起做, 否则你很难激励自己坚持下去。故选D。
（13）考查副词。A：smartly“聪明地”；B：quickly“迅速地”；C：correctly“正确地”；D：slightly“轻微地”。 没有教练在身边, 有时你很难知道自己的动作是否正确。故选C。
（14）连词动词。A：agreed“同意”；B：longed“渴望”；C：refused“拒绝”；D：managed“设法，管理”。 作者渴望尝试运动俱乐部里的所有运动项目。故选B。
（15）考查形容词。A：regular“定期的，有规律的”；B：creative“创造性的”；C：ordinary“普通的”；D：favourite“最喜爱的”。根据下文的“because it makes exercise so much more fun”可推断, 作者最喜欢的运动是那些可以跟着音乐跳舞的类型。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】主旨大意；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对于自行车爱好者而言, 了解自行车的各个部分是如何工作的非常重要。作者针对自行车各个部分, 如: 车架该如何选择、对于车轮和链条的选择等提出了详细的建议作为参考。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part.”可知自行车的不同部件磨损速度不同, 所以对每个部件的作用有一个基本的了解是非常重要的。即自行车爱好者应该了解自行车的各个部分是如何工作的, 故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Other parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem”可知座位、车把和车干可以用二手的替代, 故选C。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“to see how customers respond to them before you buy anything”可知你在买任何东西之前, 看看顾客的反应如何, 即对这些零件的“评价”, 故可推测画线单词意思为“评价”, 故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文为给自行车爱好者说明自行车各个部分的作用和注意事项可知, 此类文章最有可能出自一份流行杂志。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
9．【答案】C；B；G；F；E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者提出了人们的睡眠存在问题, 并在文中提出了具体的改进措施。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后， 作者针对睡眠提出了一系列具体的改进措施推断, 作者提出了制订改进睡眠的计划, 故选C。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Once you are clear about your reasons”一旦你清楚了(及时起床)的原因，其中reasons即为起床的一种动机, 由此推断, 本段作者建议找到恰当的动机有助于及时起床, 故选B。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“That's a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer”如果你买了有计时器的咖啡壶, 你可以多睡15分钟，推断, 作者建议重新考虑你在咖啡厅排队等咖啡的15分钟, 故选G。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found.”一项新的研究发现, 周末补觉实际上使你下一周打瞌睡，推断, 作者建议在周末也要坚持作息时间表, 故选F。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“If not, take another look at other methods you could try”如果没有作用, 再考虑其他可尝试的方法，推断, 上一句表达的是“如果有效……”, 故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
10．【答案】has been sent to
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】send...to...，固定短语，“把……送到……”，根据句意可知谓语动词用现在完成时的被动语态，因此答案为：has been sent to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态以及固定短语send...to...。
11．【答案】Xiamen is known as a tourist city
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】be known as，固定短语，“因为……而出名”，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，因此答案为：Xiamen is known as a tourist city。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语be known as。
12．【答案】How long will it take you to
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知本句是how long引导的疑问句，it takes sb. some time to do，固定句式，“某人花费……做……”，谓语动词用一般将来时，因此答案为：How long will it take you to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般将来时，以及固定句式"it takes sb. some time to do...“。
13．【答案】and you will win
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据句意和句子结构，此句是 ”祈使句+and+简单句“固定句式，简单句用一般将来时，因此答案为：and you will win。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定句式”祈使句+and+简单句“。
14．【答案】My grandmother folded her expensive jewelry
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据句意，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，我外婆，my grandmother，她昂贵的首饰包，her expensive jewelry，包，fold-folded，故答案为：My grandmother folded her expensive jewelry。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时。
15．【答案】Dear Peter,
Knowing that you are interested in Beijing Opera, I feel quite excited and proud. I'd like to introduce Beijing Opera to you and invite you to come to China to see it with me, since you have always wanted to know more about Chinese culture.
With a history of nearly 200 years, Beijing Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre, which is considered as the quintessence of Chinese culture. The performers in ornate costume perform various stories that happened in history to audience by singing, dancing and motions. I can tell you more about it when we meet.
I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation and I'm sure you'll enjoy it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给英国好友Peter写信介绍中国的京剧艺术, 并邀请他来中国与你一同观看京剧表演。写作背景：Peter对京剧很感兴趣, 想了解中国的京剧表演。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）介绍京剧；2）邀请好友来中国观看京剧表演。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Knowing that you are interested in Beijing Opera, I feel quite excited and proud. 运用了现在分词作原因状语，宾语从句；I'd like to introduce Beijing Opera to you and invite you to come to China to see it with me, since you have always wanted to know more about Chinese culture.运用了原因状语从句；
With a history of nearly 200 years, Beijing Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre, which is considered as the quintessence of Chinese culture.运用了非限制性定语从句； The performers in ornate costume perform various stories that happened in history to audience by singing, dancing and motions. 运用了限制性定语从句；I can tell you more about it when we meet.运用了时间状语从句；I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation and I'm sure you'll enjoy it.运用了并列句和宾语从句。
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