Unit4 Welcome to the unit and Reading 能力提升练
I. 阅读理解
A
Wang Daheng，Father of Chinese Optics
In1949，the field of applied optical（光学的）science didn’t exist in China. Understanding its importance for national strength，the Chinese government paid much attention to optical research.
Wang Daheng，a respected optical physicist devoted his whole life to this cause. He kept watching on the development of Chinas first piece of optical glass，first electronic microscope，first laser device and first large-size optical measuring equipment，and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering He is called the Father of Chinese Optics.
As a teenager，Wang Daheng often followed his father to the observatory and became greatly interested in the apparatus（仪器）there. In 1936，he graduated from Tsinghua University with a degree in physics Two years later，he won a government scholarship to study in England. After earning his master’s degree from Imperial College London in 1940，he began his doctoral studies in optical physics and technology.
In 1948，Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the west and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it（增强它的自主权）through science and technology. At the time China did not have the capability to produce optical measuring equipment on its own. In 1951，Wang was instructed to found an institute of fine mechanics and was appointed its first president. Within less than two years，Wang and his team produced the first group of China-made optical glass. Over the following six years，they went on to develop the country’s first electronic microscope，first high-precision theodolite（经纬仪），first optical rangefinder，and five other optical devices，laying the foundation for Chinas precise optical instrument industry. In 1961，they independently developed the ruby laser in China. In addition to scientific research，Wang advanced the study of optics in higher education.
Starting in the 1960s, Wang participated in the optical research related to the development of nuclear bombs, missiles, and man-made satellites. In 1970, China successfully launched the Dongfanghong I satellite, of which Wang was one of the designers When the satellite returned to Earth, the devices they designed brought back clear images of our home planet as seen from outer space for the first time.
To close the technological gap between China and developed countries, Wang and three other scientists made the suggestion of drawing up a national hi-tech research and development plan in 1986, which led to the famous 863 Program.
In 1992, Wang and a group of other scientists called for the creation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. In the following years, he won many honors from the state. He passed away in Beijing aged 96 on July 21, 2011 after living a full and fruitful life.
1. Why did Wang Daheng return to China from the West
A. To earn his master’s degree.
B. To get together with his family.
C. To make contributions to his country.
D. To win honors in his motherland.
2. Why is Wang Daheng called the Father of Chinese Optics
A. Because he drew up the national hi-tech research and development plan.
B. Because he participated in the optical research.
C. Because he was a famous and respected physicist.
D. Because he achieved many firsts in optical engineering
3. Which word can best describe Wang Daheng
A. Friendly.
B. Positive.
C. Devoted.
D. Humorous
4. The passage is organized in order of______.
A. time.
B. space.
C. importance.
D. effectiveness.
B
What will the future school look like is difficult to make clear, but most experts (专家) agree that the school will be electronic in the future.
“Present-day schools will no longer exist in the next century, ” says a report in The Age. “At that time, future schools will become community-style centers, which run seven days a week, 24 hours a day. ” At the same time, computers will surely become a central part of the school in the future.
According to The Age, distance learning will be popular and students will listen to teachers on computers. Going into classrooms on their computers students will study at any time which will be very easy for them. However, it is necessary for students to go to the actual school in order to develop some social skills.
The Seashore Primary School is an imaginary school in the future created by the Education Department of Australia. At this school，all the teachers and students have laptops. Teachers check messages and call students back on a special telephone system and students use telephones to search for information or speak to their experts who teach them Besides all the lessons are related to all sorts of subjects and all the students have their own learning plans created by teachers.
As one headmaster says，a laptop is students library，a data storage（数据存储）device as we as the bridge to a wider world. Technology has changed the emphasis of future learning. Thus，we’ll pay more attention to the learning of kids rather than teaching.
5. According to the report in The Age, students in future schools will______.
A. mainly study online.
B. study at a set time.
C. have no teachers.
D. never go to actual school.
6. The example of the Seashore Primary School is given to show______.
A. telephones are important in Australia.
B. how future schools will probably work.
C. every student needs a learning plan.
D. students enjoy getting in touch with teachers.
7. what does the underlined word“emphasis” in the last paragraph mean
A. Lesson.
B. Score.
C. Attitude.
D. Focus.
8. Which of the following is the best title of the text
A. Schools in the Future.
B. Great Changes in Technology.
C. The Seashore Primary School.
D. Actual Schools to be Replaced.
Ⅱ. 七选五
Light in a bottle
This is such a simple idea！It’s a special lamp that needs and costs nothing to run. It wasn’t invented by a famous scientist，but by a man called Alfredo Moser in Brazil sixteen years ago. In his hometown at the time，they had problems with electricity. 1 One day. Moser and his friends were talking about how they could create a signal in an emergency. One of them suggested using a bottle to reflect the light from the sun. This made Moser think. 2
All you need is a clean plastic bottle. Fill it with water and close it with a black top The black top attracts the sun. A drop of bleach（漂白剂），the kind you use to clean the house，is added to the water to cep it clean. Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light，and the bottle is pushed through the hole. 3 It’s much stronger than the light from a candle!
Moser shared his idea with his neighbours and his light bottles were fixed in the local supermarket. Ten years later, the My Shelter Foundation in the Philippines heard about Moser’s idea. 4 Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140, 000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too. 5 Moser lamps have surely made life easier for a lot of people.
A. Why not use water to make light
B. In India, the bottles are used in countryside schools.
C. Moser is very good at making things around the home.
D. People’s homes and small businesses were often left in the dark.
E. Following Moser’s method, the organization started making this kind of lamp in 2011.
F. While there’s sunlight outside, the light will be carried through the water into the room below.
G. The My Shelter Foundation also offers training to people who want to earn money by fixing the lamps in their communities.
1. _________ 2. _________3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
参考答案：
I.
A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“中国光学之父王大珩以及他为国家做出的贡献。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句In 1948，Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it (增强它的自主权）through science and technology. （1948年，王大珩放弃了他在西方已确立的事业和舒适的生活，回到祖国，旨在通过科学技术增强祖国的自主权。）可知，王大珩之所以从西方回到中国是为了给祖国做贡献。故选C。
2. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 He kept watching on the development of Chinas first piece of optical glass，first electronic microscope，first laser device，and first large-size optical measuring equipment，and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He is called the Father of Chinese Optics. （他一直关注着中国第一块光学玻璃、第一个电子显微镜、第一个激光装置、第一个大型光学测量设备的发展，并帮助建立了中国工程院。他被称为“中国光学之父”。）可知，王大珩之所以被称为“中国光学之父”是因为他在光学工程方面取得了许多空前的成就。故选D。
3. C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 Wang Daheng， a respected optical physicist，devoted his whole life to this cause（王大珩是一位受人尊敬的光学物理学家，他毕生致力于这事业。）并综合后文对他的介绍可知，描述王大珩最好的词语是devoted，意为“专注的，全心全意的，尽心尽力的”。故选C。
4. A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的In1936、Two years later、in 1940，第四段中的in1948、mn1951、In1961以及下文中的in the1960s、In1970、in1986、In1992、on July21，2011可以看出，这篇文章是按时间顺序组织的。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要谈了对未来学校的构想：现在的学校将不复存在，以后的学校将是电子化的。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第三段首句 According to The Age，distance learning will be popular and students will listen to teachers on computers. （根据《时代报》的报道，远程学习将会很流行，学生将会在电脑上听老师讲课。）和第三段最后一句However，it is necessary for students to go to the actual school. （然而，学生们去真实的学校……是必要的。）可知，未来学校的学生将主要在网上学习，但并不是永远不去真实的学校。故选A。
6. B 推理判断题。根据第四段最后三句 At this school，all the teachers and students have laptops. Teachers check messages and call students back on a special telephone system and students use telephones to search for information or speak to their experts who teach them. Besides all the lessons are related to all sorts of subjects and all the students have their own learning plans created by teachers. （在这所学校，所有的老师和学生都有笔记本电脑。老师们通过一个特殊的电话系统查看信息并给学生回电话，学生们用电话搜索信息或与教他们的专家交谈。此外，所有的课程都与各种学科相关，所有的学生都有由老师制订的自己的学习计划。）可知，这段主要以海滨小学为例，说明了未来学校可能的工作方式。故选B。
7. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词的后文Thus，we’ll pay more attention to the learning of kids rather than teaching. （因此，我们会更多地关注小孩的学习，而非教学。）可知，画线词所在句说的是科技改变了未来学习的重点。故画线单词意思为“重点，中心”。故选D。
8. A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段 What will the future school look like is difficult to make clear，but most experts（t）agree that the school will be electronic in the future为全文主题句，该句说明，未来的学校将会是什么样子很难弄清楚，但是大多数专家认为未来的学校将会是电子化的。结合文章下文内容可知，全文主要谈了对未来学校的构想，故A选项“未来的学校”是最佳标题。故选A。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了莫泽发明的莫泽灯和莫泽灯给人们带来的便利。
1. D 根据上文 In his hometown at the time，they had problems with electricity. （当时在他的家乡，电能出现了问题。）可以判断，空处介绍该问题导致的结果：人们的家和小企业经常处在黑暗中。故选D项。
2. A 上文提到 This made moser think、（这让莫泽思考。），空处承上启下，说明思考的内容：为什么不用水来发光呢？故选A项。
3. F 根据上文 Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light，and the bottle is pushed through the hole（然后在你想要光线的房间的屋顶上开一个小洞，把瓶子推进洞里去。）可以判断，空处解释这样做的原因：当外面有阳光的时候，光线会通过水进入下面的房间。故选F项。
4. E 根据下文 Now there are Moser lamps in more than140，000homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries，too. （现在，在菲律宾超过140，000个家庭安装了莫泽灯，这个主意也传播到了其他一些国家。）可以判断，空处介绍形成这种结果的原因，故选E项。
5. B 根据上文 Now there are Moser lamps in more than140，000homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries，too. （现在，在菲律宾超过140，000个家庭安装了莫泽灯，这个主意也传播到了其他一些国家。）可知，空处介绍其他国家使用这种灯的情况，B项介绍了印度使用这种灯的情况，故选B项。Unit4 Welcome to the unit and Reading
基础过关练
I. 单词拼写
1. In ______（理论）,these machines should last for ten years or more.
2. The arrangement of light industry in the ______（省份）needs adjustment.
3. She took a ______（广泛的）view of the duties of being a teacher.
4. This article is ______（提取）from his new book.
5. He didn’t recognize this kind of medical ______（药草）.
6. I’ve never cooked this before so it’s an ______（试验）.
7. I have made ______（试用）of this method，both in small and in large.
8. Today，fashion designers are ______（家庭的）names.
9. Food will last longer if kept in an airtight ______（容器）.
10. Well have to ______（延迟）the meeting until next week.
11. He’ll give a ______（讲座）in Fudan University this evening on translation.
12. Scientists have collected more ______（数据）an expected.
13. One movie is classified as ______（纯粹的）at the other as entertainment.
14. Patients will be ______（使隔离）from other people for between three days and one month after treatment.
II. 用方框内短语的适当形式填空
speed up; pay off; thanks to; die of; refer to; manage to; because of; give up; point out; make good use of
1. We will _________ accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.
2. I promised not to _________ the matter again.
3. _________ the angle at which he stood, he could just see sunset.
4. The game was postponed _________ rain.
5. I need to _________ all my debts before I leave the country.
6. I _________ smoking on my doctor’s advice.
7. Personally speaking, I’d rather _________ thirst than drink champagne.
8. It is hoped that the readers will kindly _________ our errors.
9. The grapes will soon be ripe. Let’s _________ our preparations for the grape harvest.
10. First of all, if we work hard. we can _________ our talents.
III. 单句语法填空
1. A news broadcast was accurate and reliable but _______ (dead) dull.
2. An animal’s sense of smell is still crucial to its _______ (survive).
3. It was not my _______ (intend) that she should suffer.
4. She made no _______ (refer) to her illness but only to her future plans.
5. They may only have a _______ (limit) amount of time to get their points across.
6. I think this is really _______ (sufficient) clear and let’s not spend any more time on this issue.
7. This book shares some of our experience during our _______ (explore).
8. There are three ways of heat transfer _______ (conduct), radiation and convection.
9. Walking is extremely _______ (benefit) to your body shaping.
10. A very important reason is that the house is _______ short supply.
IV. 完成句子
1. 亏得你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
______ ______ your help，we accomplished the task ______ ______ schedule.
2. 这一点我现在顺便提一下，以后还会讲到。
I mention this point now in passing and will ______ ______ it later.
3. 一旦接受了一个想法，他们就永远不会放弃。
Once they get an idea into their heads，they will never ______ ______ .
4. 我打算去看看他，但又怕会打扰他。
I ______ ______ visit him but I was afraid I would disturb him.
5. 到那个时候你就会证明自己的实力。
______ ______ ______ you will have proven yourself.
6. 桑德拉决心成为医生，她的坚持获得了回报。
Sandra was ______ ______ become a doctor and her persistence ______ ______ .
7. 但是老板说我们今天很可能要加班。
But the boss said we were ______ ______ work overtime today.
8. 她总是第一个到达公司的人。
She is always the first person ______ ______ the company.
9. 骑自行车对身体和环境大有裨益。
Cycling ______ highly ______ ______ health and the environment.
10. 那个时候，因为旅行还很慢，所以比较容易控制它们的危害。
At that time, it ______ relatively ______ ______ control the danger of them as travel was still quite soul.
V. 翻译句子
1. 我明白如果不加速我就要迟到了。（speed up）
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
2. 我相信勤奋和决心一定会得到回报。（pay off）
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
3. 如果你好好利用每一分钟的零碎时间，你一定会学好英语。（make good use of）
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
4. 向自己信任的人倾诉感情是有益处的。（be beneficial to）
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
5. 如果我要买车，我将不得不动用存款。（draw on）
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
VI. 课文语法填空
Because of her contribution to the fight against malaria, Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the Peoples Republic of China 1 (receive) a Nobel Prize .
Born in 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu 2 (study) medicine at university in Beijing and acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. In 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for malaria. 3 (inspire) by an over 1, 600-year-old text about preparing qinghao with cold water, she succeeded in making ginghao extract that could treat malaria. 4 , the trials on patients were likely to 5 (postpone ) because theydid not have sufficient safety data. To speed 6 the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test ginghao extract on themselves first.
The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid 7 . In November 1972, they 8 (success discovered qinghaosu, 9 is now a key part of many malaria medicines Tu encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine 10 raise it to a higher level.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. _________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
I
1. theory 2. province 3. broad 4. extracted 5. Herb 6. experiment 7. trial 8. household 9. container 10. postpone 11. lecture 12. data 13. pure 14. isolated
II.
1. manage to 2. refer to 3. Thanks to 4. because of 5. pay off 6. gave up 7. die of 8. point out 9. speed up 10. make good use of
III.
1. deadly 考查副词。句意：新闻广播准确可靠但却非常枯燥。空处修饰形容词dul，表示“非常”，故用副词 deadly。
2. survival 考查名词。句意：动物的嗅觉对其生存仍然至关重要。物主代词后接名词，根据its可知空处用名词形式survival表示“生存，存活”时是不可数名词，故填 survival。
3. intention 考查名词。句意：我没有要她吃苦头的意思。物主代词后接名词，根据my及语境可知空处用名词 intention。
4. reference 考查名词。句意：她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。空处作made的宾语，应用名词；根据语境和no可知，空处用名词 reference，表示“提及”。
5. limited 考查形容词。句意：他们可能只有有限的时间来讲清楚自己的观点。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词 amount，表示“有限的”，故用形容词 limited。
6. sufficiently 考查副词。句意：我想这真的足够清楚了，让我们不要在这个问题上再花任何多一点的时间了。空处修饰形容词 clear，故用副词形式。
7. exploration 考查名词。句意：这本书分享了一些我们在探索过程中的经历。物主代词后接名词，根据句中第二个our及语境可知空处用名词 exploration。
8. conduction 考查名词。句意：传热的方法有三种：传导、辐射、对流。and连接三个并列成分，结合名词 radiation和convection可知，空处用名词形式；conduction为不可数名词，故填 conduction。
9. beneficial 考查形容词。句意：散步对于身体塑形非常有好处。be beneficial to为固定搭配，意为“对……有益”。
10. in 考查固定搭配。句意：一个非常重要的原因是房子供应短缺。in short suppl！y为固定搭配，意为“供应短缺”。
IV.
1. Thanks to; ahead of 2. refer to 3. give up 4. intended to 5. By that time 6. determined to; paid off 7. likely to 8. to reach 9. is: beneficial to
10. was: easy to
Ⅴ.
1. I see I will be late unless I speed up.
2. I believe that hard work and determination is sure to pay off.
3. If you make good use of every spare minute, you are certain to learn English well.
4. It is beneficial to share your feelings with someone you trust.
5. I will have to draw on my savings if I buy a car.
ⅤI.
1. to receive 考查动词不定式。被序数词修饰的名词后常接动词不定式作后置定语，根据 the first可知，用动词不定式作后置定语。
2. studied 考查动词的时态。该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填 studied。
3. Inspired 考查过去分词。根据by可知，主句主语she和动词 Inspire之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
4. However 考查副词。根据语境可知，空处前后为转折关系；根据逗号可知，空处用副词 However。
5. be postponed 考查被动语态和固定搭配。主句主语 trials和动词 postpone之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；be likely to do sth. 为固定搭配，故填 be postponed.
6. up 考查固定搭配。speed up为固定搭配，意为“加速”。
7. of 考查固定搭配。pay off为固定搭配，意为“成功，奏效，取得好结果”。
8. successfully 考查副词。空处修饰动词 discovered，故用副词形式。
9. which 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指代 qinghaosu，故填which。
10. and 考查连词。分析可知，explore和 raise为两个并列成分，故用并列连词and。
