Unit1 Welcome to the unit and Reading
基础过关练
I. 单词拼写
1. How many species do you believe will be threatened with e when the reservoir is completed？
2. Located at the foot of the ______（高耸的）Alps，the Austrian city of Innsbruck offers guests a chance to appreciate a blend of old and new.
3. They found something buried _______（在……下面）a pile of leaves.
4. If we don’t stop c change，many anima and plants in the world will be gone.
5. Scientists say the c of south America and Africa separated millions of years ago.
6. When we choose food，we must keep in mind that the food we choose should give us the ______（营养物）we need.
7. The number of people employed in ______（农业）has fallen in the last decade.
8. a breathtaking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us-the ability to sense ______（氧气）through our skin.
9. They raised chickens for eggs，pigs and c for meat and cows for milk and cream from which Grandma made butter and cheese.
II. 用方框内短语的适当形式填空
cut down; sound the alarm; be alive with; play a significant role; with an area of; be home to; feed on; in turn break down; breathe life into due to; take…away build up
1. We can consider each aspect of a development environment ______________.
2. The pool ______________ goldfish.
3. Just as spring awakens nature, it can be a great time ______________ the creative process.
4. ______________the significant progress made in Chinese education. China has become one of the most favored places for overseas students.
5. The collection ______________ over the last seventeen years.
6. The area ______________1, 600 threatened species including grizzly bears, elk and so on.
7. Women’s sports are ______________ the barriers in previously male-dominated domains.
8. Ride a bicycle. This will ______________ on carbon emissions and the money you spend on a car.
9. Press the button to ______________ in case of fire.
10. Two men claiming to be police officers went to the pastor’ s house and ______ him_______.
11. Confidence also ______________in a game.
12. We know that eagles usually ______________ small animals.
13. The park ______________ about 3. 5 square miles is located in Maryland.
III. 单句语法填空
1. I want to thank you in person for the impact you’ve had ______ my life
2. Her popular book Silent Spring raised awareness of ______ (harm) effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
3. Teenagers’ night owl habits ______ (disappear) as they age, and the study says this may be why older adults are happier than younger ones.
4. To begin with, about 24% of the patients showed ______ (damage) learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested.
5. The broadcasting system in Canada is famous and advanced and serves ______ (variety) purposes.
6. The application of new scientific discoveries has greatly increased ______ (agriculture) efficiency in our country.
7. While running regularly can’t make you live forever the review says it is more effective in ______ (lengthen) life than walking, cycling or swimming.
8. Everyone is different and that is ______ our world is so colorful.
9. It’s also hugely important for parents ______ (know) which apps their children are using.
IV. 完成句子
1. 这比我预料的要多。
This is ______ ______ I have expected.
2. 被邀请参加晚会是极大的荣幸。
______ ______ a great honor ______ ______ ______ to the evening party.
3. 一大群蚂蚁浩浩荡荡地穿过小径。
______ ______ ______ ______ marched across the path.
4. 我在我的手提包底部找到了几枚硬币。
I found several coins ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
5. 我感谢那些困难的日子，因为我得到了成长。
I ______ ______ ______ the difficult times because I have grown up from those times.
6. 不能给他安排这项任务，一则他年纪大了，二则他身体弱。
Don’t set him the task. ______ ______ ______, he’s old; ______ ______, he’s in poor health.
7. 这栋建筑物的损坏相当严重。
______ ______ the building was quite serious.
8. 我没有足够的勇气告诉她我对她的看法。
I wasn’t ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ what I thought of her.
V. 翻译句子
1. 我的航班预计将于下午5点起飞。（due）
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
2. 听到这个消息，他情不自禁地哭了。（break down）
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
3. 它们肯定需要吸收大量液体。（take in）
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
4. 图书馆里有各种各样的书供我们选择，像历史书、科学书等。（variety）
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
5. 山脚下似乎有人在伐树。（cut down）
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
6. 这棵大树下坐着一位老人。（完全倒装句）
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
VI. 课文语法填空
The Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world, crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France all on the South American continent It covers 1 area of around 6 million square kilometres. It is named after the amazon river 2 is close to 6400 kilometres in length, 3 (support) many different ecosystems, which give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth, one tenth known species in the world living in it.
There are 4 (variety) of plants in the Amazon rainforest. Of the 390, 000 plant species known to us over 40. 000 can be found there The forest’s different levels support an 5 (believe) variety of wildlife. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.
There are more than 1, 300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals living there Among them 6 (be ) the jaguar, which can survive here.
The Amazon rainforest is not only home to numerous species of animals and plants but also known as the“lungs of the planet”, because it breathes life 7 the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen. But over the past 50 years, 17 per cent of the rainforest 8 (disappear) due to human activities. And some species are also in danger of 9 (extinct ). 10 is time for us to do something to protect it.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. _________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
I
1. extinction 2. towering 3. beneath 4. climate 5. continents
6. nutrients 7. agriculture 8. oxygen 9. cattle
II.
1. in turn 2. is alive with 3. to breathe life into 4. Due to 5. has been built up 6. is home to 7. breaking down 8. cut down 9. sound the alarm
10. took; away 11 plays a significant role 12. feed on 13. with an area of
III.
1. on 考查介词。分析可知，you’ve had my life是省去了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词 Impact；固定词组have an impact on表示“对……有影响”，故填on。句意：我想亲自感谢你对我的生活的影响。
2. harmful 考查形容词。分析可知空格处作定语修饰名词effects，需用形容词，故填 harmful。句意：她的受欢迎的书《寂静的春天》提高了人们对化学物质对人类和世界上的湖泊和海洋的有害影响的认识。
3. will disappear 考查时态。根据语境及时间状语从句 as they age可知主句应用一般将来时，故填 will disappear。句意：青少年的夜猫子习惯会随着年龄的增长而消失，研究称这可能是年长的成人比年轻的成人更快乐的原因。
4. damaged 考查过去分词。分析可知空格处作定语修饰名词learning，且 learning与 damage之间是逻辑上的被动关系，需用过去分词，故填 damaged。句意：首先，在被测试时，大约24%的患者表现出学习能力受损，23%的患者表现出记忆力差的迹象。
5. various/varied 考查形容词。分析可知空格处作定语修饰名词 purposes，需用形容词，故填 various或 varied。句意：加拿大的广播系统著名、先进，且用途广泛。
6. agricultural 考查形容词。分析可知空格处作定语修饰名词efficiency，需用形容词，故填 agricultural。句意：新科学发现的应用大大提高了我国的农业效率。
7. lengthening 考查动名词。分析可知空格处作介词i的宾语，需用动名词，故填 lengthening。句意：虽然经常跑步不能让你长生不老，但这份报告说，跑步在延年益寿方面比散步骑自行车或游泳更有效。
8.why 考查表语从句。分析可知空格处是表语从句的引导词，表示“……的原因”，that is why.表示“那就是……的原因”，故填why。句意：每个人都是不同的，那就是为什么我们的世界如此多彩。
9. to know 考查不定式。固定句型 it is important for sb. todo sth. 中，it是形式主语，不定式的复合结构是真正的主语，故填to know。句意：对于父母来说，知道孩子们正在使用哪些应用程序也非常重要。
IV.
1. more than 2. It is to be invited 3. An army of ants 4. at the bottom of my bag 5. am thankful for 6. For one thing: for another 7. Damage to
8. brave enough to tell her
Ⅴ.
1. My flight is due to take off at 5 pm.
2. He broke down when he heard the news.
3. They will certainly need to take in plenty of liquid.
4. There are a variety of books for us to choose from, like history books, science books and so on in the library.
5. There seemed to be someone cutting down trees at the foot of the mountain.
6. Under the big tree sat an old man.
ⅤI.
1. an 考查冠词。固定短语：cover an area of占……面积。故填an。句意：它占地约600万平方千米。
2. which 考查定语从句引导词。分析可知，2 is close to 6，400 kilometres in length为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the amazon river，空格处在从句中作主语，故填 which。句意：它得名自亚马孙河，这条河长近6，400千米，支撑着许多不同的生态系统。
3. supporting 考查现在分词。分析可知，3 many different ecosystems作定语，修饰 the amazon river，且 the Amazon River与 support之间为逻辑上的主动关系，需用现在分词，故填 supporting。句意同上。
4. varieties 考查名词复数。固定短语 varieties of表示“各种各样的”，故填 varieties。句意：亚马孙雨林里有各种各样的植物。
5. unbelievable 考查形容词。分析可知空格处修饰名词variety，需用形容词，believe的形容词形式是 believable，再根据语境和空前的an可知，此处需用其反义词，故填 unbelievable。句意：雨林的不同层次支撑着种类多到难以置信的野生动物。
6. is 考查时态和主谓一致。分析可知主句为介词短语置于句首的倒装句，主语 the jaguar是单数，再根据整篇文章的语境可知应用一般现在时，故填is。句意：美洲豹就是其中之它们能生存在这里。
7. into 考查介词。固定短语：breathe life into给……注入活力。故填into。句意：亚马孙雨林不仅是许多种动植物的栖息地，而且它还被称为“地球之肺”，因为它通过固碳和产生地球20%以上的氧气来为地球注入活力。
8. has disappeared 考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语over the past50 years可知应用现在完成时；主语是17 per cent of the rainforest，谓语应用单数形式。故填 has disappeared。句意：但是在过去的50年里，由于人类的活动，17%的雨林已经消失了。
9. extinction 考查名词。分析可知空格处在句中作介词of的宾语，需用名词，extinction是不可数名词，故填 extinction。句意：而且一些物种也处于灭绝的危险中。
10. It 考查形式主语。it is time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了。其中，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。Unit1 Welcome to the unit and Reading 能力提升练
I. 阅读理解
A
Have you ever felt the desire to move and experience another beautiful part of the country This could be the perfect career change for you.
The National Trust in England is looking for someone to work as a ranger on the Farne Islands one of Britain’s oldest nature reserves located just off the coast of Northumberland.
For 22, 668 a year, the successful applicant will be required to look after the local wildlife, including the 200 seal pups which are born on the islands each year and 37, 000 pairs of puffins.
The ranger will get the chance to work in some of the nation’s most attractive places and spaces-impressive sunrises, a one-minute ride and one of England’s largest seal colonies on his doorstep. But like every job, it doesn’t come without a downside Apart from avoiding the dive-bombing Arctic terns(燕鸥), there is no running water on the island and there will be severe storms to fight against during the spring.
Along with a love of nature and outdoor activities the National Trust is looking for“an excellent team player”who has experience in conservation work. This job isn’t the normal 9 to 5, so being good at Power Point isn’t a must. With 50, 000 annual visitors every year, you really need to be able to get on with people and show them how they can participate in helping nature.
Could you see yourself in this role Applications for the job close on June 7. want to apply Click here.
1. The underlined word“downside”in the4th paragraph can be replaced by“______”.
A. pay drop B. disadvantage
C. bright future D. bad environment
2. If you’d like to apply for the job as a ranger, you should_______.
A. live a regular life
B. come to terms with being lonely
C. be expert at working with Power Point
D. have experience in conservation work
3. The passage is probably taken from_______.
A. a newspaper B. a textbook
C. the Internet D. a news report
B
China is showing the world its great resolve in the global climate campaign with concrete and self-motivated efforts as well as serious commitment.
At the opening ceremony of the Paris climate summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping restated Chinas plan made in June to cut its carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 60-65 per cent from 2005 levels by 2030, and increase non-fossil fuel sources in primary energy consumption to about 20 per cent.
With a large population, China is facing increasing resource limits, severe environmental pollution and a worsening ecosystem, and its citizens are also becoming increasingly aware of environmental problems. Suffering environmental problems and considering the efforts important in order to transform its economic growth pattern, the country will have much at risk if climate change is left unattended.
Actually, climate change efforts have already been included in China’s medium-and long-term program of economic and social development, and ecological efforts are the clear characteristics in China’s 13th Five-Year Plan (2016--2020).
Although it is and will be a developing country for a long time, China has been actively involved in the global campaign against climate change now topping the world in terms of energy conservation and the use of new and renewable energy.
However, China’s development rights need to be respected. It is unfair to overstress China’s status as one of the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitters and regard it as the major part of responsibilities in the global fight against climate change.
It is worthy of notice that China’s emissions of greenhouse gases per person are far lower than those of developed countries, especially the United States, although rapid economic expansion and its population base have made it one of the biggest producers of the greenhouse gas.
To show its great resolve. China also announced the establishment of an independent South-South cooperation in September, investing 20 billion RMB to help developing countries affected by global warming.
While China is eagerly accomplishing its policy commitment, developed countries should stop questioning China’s commitment to fight climate change and pointing fingers, and start shouldering their due responsibilities instead.
4. China is self-motivated to fight against climate change in order to_______.
A. top the world
B. transform its economic growth pattern
C. solve its population problem
D. respond to pressure from developed countries
5. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refers to______.
A. China B. the United States
C. economic expansion D. the population base
6. It can be inferred from the text that_______.
A. China will completely use non-fossil fuels by 2030
B. China will carry out its plan by stopping its development
C. Chinese emit more greenhouse gases than Americans on average
D. some developed countries are not taking on their responsibilities
7. Which of the following is a sign of Chinas self-motivated fight against climate change
A. Expanding its economy.
B. Using non-renewable energy.
C. Making the fight against climate change part of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan.
D. Donating money to developing countries.
Ⅱ. 七选五
If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives. after all. 1 So challenge the following limits:
1. Figure out what you’ re scared of and do it continuously.
If you’ re a salesman, and you’ re scared of talking to people face to face or over the phone now instead of being scared and thinking you’ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. 2 But don’t stop on the first try Eventually, you can look fear in the eye and say.
“Go on. I’ m not scared!”
2. Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop.
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. 3 Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
3. Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
4 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight but also make you feel better about yourself.
4. Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don’t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers--try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they’re going to be Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. 5
A. You should do it continuously.
B. Someone may hang up on you.
C. You don’t need to go to the gym.
D. Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on.
G. You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
1. _________ 2. _________3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
参考答案：
I.
A
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文——招聘启事。英格兰全国托管协会正在招聘法恩群岛的护林员，文章介绍了法恩群岛的环境及护林员的工作要求等。
1. B 词义猜测题。上文 The ranger will get the chance to work in some of the nation’s most attractive places and spaces impressive sunrises，a one-minute ride and one of England’s largest seal colonies on his doorstep介绍了这个工作的优点；下文 Apart from avoiding the dive-bombing Arctic terns（燕鸥），there is no running water on the island and there will be severe storms to fight against during the sprin介绍的是该工作的不足之处。由此可知，downside应是“不足，缺点”的意思。故选B。
2. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段首句 Along with a love of nature and outdoor activities the National Trust is looking for an excellent team player who has experience in conservation work可知，本工作要求除了热爱大自然和户外活动外，还要有自然保护工作的经验。故选D。
3. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Could you see yourself in this role？Applications for the job close on June 7. Want to apply？Click here. 可推知，这篇文章极可能来自网络。故选C。
B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府为了应对环境变化而做出的一些努力。中国将采取一系列的措施来减少对环境的危害。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第三段末句 Suffering environmental problems and considering the efforts important in order to transform its economic growth pattern，the country will have much at risk if climate change is left unattended. 可知，中国决定应对气候变化是为了改变自己的经济增长模式。故选B。
5. A 推理判断题。根据上文中的 China’s emissions of greenhouse gases C X rapid economic expansion and its population base可知，t指代的是中国。故选A。
6. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 start shouldering their due responsibilities instead可知，有些发达国家没有承担起自己的责任。故选D。
7. C 推理判断题。第四段主要介绍的是中国政府为了应对气候问题所采取的措施。根据第四段中的 ecological efforts are the clear characteristics in China’s13 th five-Year plan可知，应对气候变化成了“十三五”规划的一部分。故选C。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，作者就如何走出自己的舒适区、挑战自己给出了一些建议
1. G H We all need some normal stress in our lives，after all. 1 So challenge the following limits可知，空格处的句子要起到承上启下的作用。故G选项“如果你固守自己的舒适区，你永远看不到任何进步。”符合语境。故选G。
2. B 根据下文 But don’t stop on the first try！可知，空格处与下文之间为转折关系。故B项“有人可能会挂断你的电话。”符合语境。故选B。
3. F 根据上文 Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this可知，空格处要举例说明是哪些爱好。故F选项“例如烹饪、缝纫、绘画等等。”符合语境。故选F。
4. C 根据下文 A simple9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself可知，空格处与下文之间为并列关系，来说明运动的地点和时间，进而说明本段的小标题。故C项“你不需要去健身房。”符合语境。故选C。
5. E 根据小标题 Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people可知，此处讲的是关于旅行方面的内容，故E项“现在就开始旅行，学习挑战自己。”符合语境。故选E。
